A legend is a type of folklore narrative set in human history, believed to be true by those who tell and hear it. These stories often embody human values and possess qualities that lend them credibility. Legends may incorporate miraculous events and evolve over time to maintain relevance.
1925: Friedrich Ranke's Characterization of Folk Legend
In 1925, Friedrich Ranke characterized the folk legend as "a popular narrative with an objectively untrue imaginary content." This perspective was later largely abandoned.
1928: Ernst Bernheim's assertion about Legend
In 1928, Ernst Bernheim asserted that a legend is simply a longstanding rumour.
1928: Helmut de Boor's observation on Legend
In 1928, Helmut de Boor noted that, compared to the highly structured folktale, legend is comparatively amorphous.
1968: First Use of the Term "Urban Legend"
By 1968, the term "urban legend," as generally used by folklorists, had appeared in print.
1981: Brunvand Popularizes "Urban Legend"
In 1981, Jan Harold Brunvand introduced the term "urban legend" to the general public with his book, The Vanishing Hitchhiker: American Urban Legends & Their Meanings, arguing that legends exist in modern societies and offer insights into urban culture.
1990: Tangherlini's Definition of Legend
In 1990, Timothy R. Tangherlini proposed a professional definition of legend from the perspective of a modern folklorist.
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