The NCAA basketball championships in the Philippines feature two concurrent tournaments: the seniors' tournament for male college students and the juniors' tournament for male senior high school students. A 'double championship' is awarded when a school wins both tournaments in the same season, marking a significant achievement in Philippine collegiate basketball.
In 1924, the NCAA championship was established and has been continually contested since its foundation, with exceptions for certain events.
In 1925, the NCAA introduced the concept of a "double championship," which is awarded to a school that wins both the Juniors (or Midgets pre-1925) and Seniors tournaments in the same season.
In 1970, Marlon Bola Bola of the Letran Squires held the single-game record with 71 points.
In the 1974 season, Lim Eng Beng of the De La Salle Green Archers scored 55 points in an NCAA seniors' game, leading his team to the championship. He averaged 32 points that season, setting an all-time record for average points per game in Philippine Men's NCAA.
In 1976, some of the Letran team players, including Ted McKinney, Ramon San Juan, and William Alberto, were part of the National Inter-Secondary Champion Team that beat their NCAA rival San Beda College 52-51 in Baguio City.
In 1980, the NCAA tournament was aborted by the Basketball Association of the Philippines.
From 1997 to 2024, NCAA member schools have participated in a double round elimination tournament, where teams play each other twice. The top four teams advance to the crossover semifinals, known as the Final Four.
From the end of World War II until 1997, and since 1997, the NCAA tournament format has been relatively stable, with adjustments for tiebreakers, such as one-game playoffs or elimination round results.
Prior to 1997, when the NCAA had six teams for most of its history, a split season format was used. The winner of the first round would get the first Final berth, and the winner of the second round would get the second Final berth.
On September 5, 2008, Keith Agovida of the Malayan Red Robins scored 82 points.
Until 2008, the NCAA finals were in a best-of-three series, even if a team swept the elimination round. Previously, the first seed held a twice-to-beat advantage in the finals.
In 2009, Joshua Saret of the JRU Light Bombers scored 89 points against the AUF Baby Danes, surpassing the previous all-time high of 82 points set by his former teammate Keith Agovida on September 5, 2008.
Since 2010, the team who sweeps the elimination round in NCAA basketball will automatically advance to the finals with a thrice-to-beat advantage and a 1-0 edge over their opponent, meaning their opponent must beat them thrice, while the sweeping team only needs to win twice.
Until NCAA Season 95 in 2019, players of all nationalities were eligible for all awards. However, a separate category was created for foreign players.
From NCAA Season 96 in 2020 onwards, rosters were restricted to Filipino players only.
In 2020, the NCAA championship was interrupted due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
In 2021, NCAA Season 97 was postponed to early 2022 due to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the juniors' tournament was cancelled.
In 2021, the NCAA championship was interrupted due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
In 2021, the tournament, held in early 2022, used a special format with only one round of eliminations, a play-in tournament for teams finishing third to sixth, and then the regular Final Four format.
In early 2022, NCAA Season 97, initially planned for 2021, was held after being postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic, leading to the cancellation of the juniors' tournament. Later in 2022, the men's tournament of NCAA Season 98 took place from September to December, with the juniors' tournament following from January to March.
The 2021 tournament, held in early 2022, featured a unique format that included only one round of eliminations, followed by a play-in tournament for teams that finished third to sixth, and then the standard Final Four format.
As of 2023, only seven schools have achieved the double championship in the NCAA.
From 1997 to 2024, NCAA member schools have participated in a double round elimination tournament, where teams play each other twice. The top four teams advance to the crossover semifinals, known as the Final Four.
In 2025, for NCAA Season 101, the NCAA reverted back to holding both the men's and juniors' tournaments concurrently.
In 2025, the NCAA announced a modification to the overall format of both the men's and juniors' tournaments in response to Metro Manila hosting the 2025 FIVB Men's Volleyball World Championship, which caused the NCAA to delay the opening in October rather than the usual September due to venue availability.
Currently, the NCAA's format is in a three-year trial period until Season 103 (2027–28) to evaluate its long-term viability, and a decision will be made on whether it becomes a permanent fixture.
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