Yom Kippur, the Day of Atonement, is the holiest day in Judaism, observed on the 10th of Tishrei (late September/early October). It's a day of fasting, prayer, and repentance, devoted to seeking forgiveness for sins committed during the past year. Observant Jews spend the day in synagogue, reciting special prayers and abstaining from work, food, and drink. The holiday culminates in the Neilah service, marking the symbolic closing of the gates of repentance. Yom Kippur emphasizes introspection and reconciliation with God and fellow humans, aiming for spiritual renewal and a fresh start.
In 1934, Hank Greenberg, a Baseball Hall of Famer, made headlines when he refused to play on Yom Kippur, even though his Detroit Tigers were competing for the pennant. Greenberg received a standing ovation from the congregation when he arrived at synagogue on Yom Kippur.
In 1965, Sandy Koufax, a Hall of Fame pitcher for the Los Angeles Dodgers, chose not to play in Game 1 of the World Series because it fell on Yom Kippur. His decision drew national attention and highlighted the tension between social expectations and personal religious beliefs.
In 1967, Yom Kippur fell on October 14, the latest date possible according to the Gregorian calendar.
In 2013, Yom Kippur fell on September 14, the earliest date possible according to the Gregorian calendar.
In 2013, a survey indicated that 73% of Jewish people in Israel intended to fast on Yom Kippur, reflecting the holiday's significance in Israeli society. It is also customary to wish others "Tsom Kal" or "Tsom Mo'il" before Yom Kippur, regardless of their fasting intentions.
In 2016, the United Nations officially recognized Yom Kippur, ensuring no official meetings would occur on that day. The UN also designated Yom Kippur as one of its floating holidays, marking the first time the organization formally recognized a Jewish holiday.
In 2043, Yom Kippur will fall on October 14, the latest date possible according to the Gregorian calendar.
After 2089, the relationship between the Hebrew and Gregorian calendars will mean that Yom Kippur will not fall earlier than September 15.
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