A shoe is a form of footwear designed to protect and provide comfort to the human foot, which is vulnerable despite its adaptability. Initially driven by function, shoes have evolved into fashion items. Certain types of shoes serve as safety equipment, like steel-toe boots used in industrial settings for foot protection.
In 1902, a ban on foot binding was implemented in China, although it was soon repealed.
In 1910, a process for manufacturing stitchless shoes, known as AGO (glued shoes), was developed.
In 1911, the new Nationalist government in China banned foot binding again, which was effective in coastal cities.
In 1916, the United States Rubber Company consolidated its rubber-soled shoe brands under the name Keds, which became known as "sneakers".
In 1938, the earliest known shoes, sagebrush bark sandals dating from approximately 7000 or 8000 BC, were found in the Fort Rock Cave in the US state of Oregon.
In 1948, Mahlon Haines built a house shaped like a work boot in Hallam, Pennsylvania, as an advertisement for his shoe business; the Haines Shoe House remains a roadside attraction.
In 1949, Mao Zedong enforced the ban on foot binding in China, continuing the effort to eliminate the practice.
In 1964, Phil Knight and Bill Bowerman of the University of Oregon founded Nike, introducing many new improvements common in modern running shoes.
In 1968, Puma SE introduced the first pair of sneakers with Velcro straps in lieu of shoelaces.
In 1969, Chuck Taylor was inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in recognition of developing shoes specific to the sport of basketball, popularly known as Chuck Taylor All-Stars.
In 1973, the Mondopoint system was introduced by International Standard ISO 2816:1973 for shoe sizing.
In 1975, ISO 3355:1975 "Shoe sizes – System of length grading (for use in the Mondopoint system)" was introduced.
In April 1985, Nike introduced the Air Jordan basketball shoe, named after Michael Jordan, which sold $100 million in its first year.
In 1985, the comedy film "The Man with One Red Shoe" was released, featuring a man whose eccentric footwear becomes central to the plot.
In 2003, after Saddam Hussein's statue was toppled in Iraq, Iraqis struck the statue with their shoes as a sign of insult and protest.
In August 2006, the Jotunheimen shoe was discovered; archaeologists estimate that this leather shoe was made between 1800 and 1100 BC, making it the oldest article of clothing discovered in Scandinavia.
In 2007, the global shoe industry had an overall market of $107.4 billion in terms of revenue.
In 2008, United States President George W. Bush had a shoe thrown at him by a journalist as a statement against the war in Iraq.
In 2008, the world's oldest leather shoe, made from a single piece of cowhide, was discovered in the Areni-1 cave complex in Armenia and is believed to date to 3500 BC.
By the end of 2012, the global shoe industry was expected to grow to $122.9 billion in terms of revenue.
In 2023, sandals and other plant fiber based tools were found in Cueva de los Murciélagos in Albuñol in southern Spain, dating to approximately 7500 to 4200 BC, making them what are believed to be the oldest shoes found in Europe.