1947: Rabbi Milton Steinberg's View on Creeds in Judaism
In his 1947 book "Basic Judaism," Rabbi Milton Steinberg emphasized the inherent resistance within Judaism to formal creeds, arguing that such constructs inherently restrict the fluidity of thought. He posited that Judaism, by its nature, has never embraced the concept of a fixed creed.
1976: Central Conference of American Rabbis' Platform
Echoing Steinberg's sentiment, the 1976 Centenary Platform of the Central Conference of American Rabbis, a Reform Jewish organization, reaffirmed that Judaism prioritizes actions over creed as the principal manifestation of religious life.
2005: Bishop John Shelby Spong's Perspective on Creeds
In 2005, retired Episcopal Bishop of Newark, John Shelby Spong, articulated his view that religious dogmas and creeds are transitional phases in human development, likening them to stages of religious childhood. He posits in his book, "Sins of Scripture," that attempting to confine the divine essence to human-made creeds constitutes idolatry, suggesting Jesus himself recognized this.