Jeff Bezos is an American businessman renowned as the founder, executive chairman, and former CEO of Amazon, a leading e-commerce and cloud computing giant. With a net worth exceeding $220 billion as of May 2025, Bezos holds the position of the third-wealthiest individual globally, according to Forbes. He previously held the title of the world's richest person from 2017 to 2021, as recognized by both Forbes and the Bloomberg Billionaires Index.
On January 12, 1964, Jeffrey Preston Bezos, born Jeffrey Preston Jorgensen, was born. He is known as the founder, executive chairman, and former president and CEO of Amazon.
In June 1965, when Jeff was 17 months old, his parents, Jacklyn and Ted, filed for divorce.
In April 1968, Bezos's mother married Miguel "Mike" Bezos, who adopted 4-year-old Jeff. Jeff's surname was legally changed from Jorgensen to Bezos.
In July 1969, the Apollo 11 mission's S-1C stage launched, later, in 2013, Bezos Expeditions funded the recovery of two Saturn V first-stage Rocketdyne F-1 engines from the floor of the Atlantic Ocean, which were identified to be part of the Apollo 11 mission.
After graduating from high school in 1982, Bezos attended Princeton University.
In 1982, Bezos attended the Student Science Training Program, was high school valedictorian, a National Merit Scholar, and a Silver Knight Award winner.
In 1982, during his high school valedictorian senior graduation speech, Jeff Bezos expressed his vision for developing hotels, amusement parks, and colonies in orbit to preserve Earth's resources.
After Bezos graduated from college in 1986, he was offered jobs at Intel, Bell Labs, and Andersen Consulting, among others. He first worked at Fitel.
In 1986, Bezos graduated from Princeton University with a degree in engineering.
In 1988, Bezos transitioned into the banking industry when he became a product manager at Bankers Trust.
From 1990, Bezos worked at D. E. Shaw & Co, a newly created hedge fund with a strong emphasis on mathematical modelling.
In 1992, while working for D. E. Shaw in Manhattan, Jeff Bezos met novelist MacKenzie Tuttle, who was a research associate at the firm.
On July 5, 1994, Bezos and his then-wife founded Amazon in a rented garage in Bellevue, Washington.
By 1994, Bezos became D. E. Shaw's fourth senior vice-president by age 30.
In 1994, Jeff Bezos and MacKenzie Tuttle moved to Seattle, Washington, where Bezos founded Amazon.
In mid-1994, Bezos founded Amazon during a road trip from New York City to Seattle.
In 1996, Bezos drove a Honda Accord.
Bezos used the $54 million raised during the company's 1997 equity offering to finance the aggressive acquisition of smaller competitors.
In 1997 Bezos first became a millionaire after raising $54 million through Amazon's IPO.
The Motley Fool estimated that if Jeff Bezos had not sold any of his Amazon shares from its original public offering in 1997, his net worth would sit at $181 billion in 2018.
In 1998, Bezos diversified Amazon into the online sale of music and video, expanding into other consumer goods by the end of the year.
In 1998, Jeff Bezos made an early investment of $250,000 in Google, becoming one of its first shareholders.
Since 1998, Jeff Bezos has published an annual letter for Amazon shareholders, frequently referring to five principles: focus on customers, not competitors; take risks for market leadership; facilitate staff morale; build a company culture; and empower people.
In 1999 Bezos purchased a majority stake in pets.com and a portion of kozmo.com for $60 million, both of which would fail after the dot-com bubble collapse in 2000.
In 1999, Jeff Bezos purchased three adjoining apartments at 25 Central Park West in Manhattan for $7.65 million.
In 1999, Jeff Bezos was first included on the Forbes World's Billionaires list with an estimated net worth of $10.1 billion, placing him 19th in the world and 10th in the USA.
In 1999, Jeff Bezos was worth $10 billion and drove a 1996 Honda Accord, despite his wealth.
In September 2000, Jeff Bezos founded Blue Origin, a human spaceflight startup, marking his serious entry into the aerospace industry.
By the end of 2000, Bezos borrowed $2 billion from banks, as its cash balances dipped to only $350 million.
In 2000, Bezos founded the aerospace manufacturer and sub-orbital spaceflight services company Blue Origin.
In 2002, Bezos led Amazon to launch Amazon Web Services, which compiled data from weather channels and website traffic.
In March 2003, Jeff Bezos was a passenger in a helicopter that crashed in West Texas while surveying land to buy for Blue Origin; he sustained only minor injuries and was discharged from a local hospital the same day.
In 2003, Amazon rebounded from financial instability and turned a profit of $35 million.
From 2005 to 2007, Bezos quadrupled his net worth to $8.7 billion.
In 2006, Blue Origin purchased a large tract of land in West Texas to establish a launch and test facility, marking a significant step in developing its space program.
From 2005 to 2007, Bezos quadrupled his net worth to $8.7 billion.
According to a 2008 Time profile, Bezos wished to create a device that allowed a "flow state" in reading similar to the experience of video games.
After the 2008 financial crisis and Great Recession, Bezos's net worth decreased to $6.8 billion—a 17.7% drop.
Between 2009 and 2017, Jeff Bezos donated to the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center several times.
In 2010, Bezos's wealth rose by 85.2%, leaving him with $12.6 billion and ascending him to the 43rd spot on the ranking from 68th.
In 2010, Jeff Bezos donated $100,000 towards a movement against a Washington state income tax for "top earners".
In September 2011, Blue Origin experienced a setback when one of its uncrewed prototype vehicles crashed during a short-hop test flight. Despite the crash, progress in advancing spaceflight since the company's founding was noted.
In his initial discussion of the project which became Alexa with his technical advisor Greg Hart in 2011, Jeff Bezos told him that the goal was to create "the Star Trek computer."
In 2012, Jeff Bezos and MacKenzie Bezos supported the legalization of same-sex marriage and contributed $2.5 million to Washington United for Marriage.
In 2012, Jeff Bezos bought a fourth unit at 25 Central Park West in Manhattan for $5.3 million.
In May 2013, Jeff Bezos met with Richard Branson, chairman of Virgin Galactic, to discuss opportunities and strategies in commercial spaceflight.
On August 5, 2013, Jeff Bezos announced his purchase of The Washington Post for $250 million in cash, following a suggestion from his friend, Don Graham. Nash Holdings, a limited liability company, was established to own the newspaper.
On October 1, 2013, the sale of The Washington Post closed, and Nash Holdings, controlled by Jeff Bezos, took ownership of the newspaper.
In 2013, Bezos Expeditions funded the recovery of two Saturn V first-stage Rocketdyne F-1 engines from the floor of the Atlantic Ocean. These engines were positively identified as belonging to the Apollo 11 mission's S-1C stage from July 1969 and are currently on display at the Seattle Museum of Flight.
In 2013, Bezos purchased the major American newspaper The Washington Post for $250 million.
In 2013, Bezos secured a $600-million contract with the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) on behalf of Amazon Web Services. Amazon was recognized as the largest online shopping retailer in the world in October of that year.
In 2013, Jeff Bezos pledged $500,000 to Worldreader, a non-profit founded by a former Amazon employee.
In May 2014, the International Trade Union Confederation named Jeff Bezos the "World's Worst Boss", citing the inhumanity of employers promoting the North American corporate model.
In 2014, Amazon won a bid for a cloud computing contract with the CIA valued at $600 million.
In 2014, after a rumor broke out that Amazon was developing a smartphone, Jeff Bezos's net worth rose to $30.5 billion.
In 2015, Blue Origin's New Shepard vehicle reached space and successfully landed back on Earth.
In 2015, Jeff Bezos announced Blue Origin was developing a new orbital launch vehicle, with its first flight planned for the late 2010s.
In 2015, Jeff Bezos sent a memo to employees denouncing a New York Times article, exemplifying his tendency to publicly contest claims made in critical articles.
In January 2016, Jeff Bezos aimed to reinvent The Washington Post as a media and technology company by reconstructing its digital media, mobile platforms, and analytics software.
By the time the Forbes list was calculated in March 2016, Bezos' net worth was registered at $45.2 billion.
In May 2016, Bezos sold slightly more than one million shares of his holdings in Amazon for $671 million, the largest sum he had ever raised from selling some of his Amazon stock.
On August 4, 2016, Bezos sold another million of his shares in Amazon for $756.7 million.
In October 2016, Bezos' wealth increased by $16.2 billion to $66.5 billion, unofficially ranking him the third-richest person in the world, behind Warren Buffett.
After the 2016 presidential election, Jeff Bezos was invited to join Donald Trump's Defense Innovation Advisory Board, an advisory council to improve the technology used by the Defense Department.
In 2016, Jeff Bezos allowed select journalists to tour and photograph Blue Origin's facility, increasing public awareness of the company's work. He also called for increased inter-space energy and industrial manufacturing to decrease the negative costs associated with business-related pollution.
In 2016, Jeff Bezos portrayed a Starfleet official in the movie Star Trek Beyond, and joined the cast and crew at a San Diego Comic-Con screening.
Since 2016, Jeff Bezos has been selling $1 billion in Amazon stock each year to capitalize Blue Origin, supporting his efforts to colonize the solar system.
Since 2016, Jeff Bezos's relative lack of philanthropy compared to other billionaires has drawn negative responses from the public.
In May 2017, Jeff Bezos gave $1 million to the Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press, which provides pro bono legal services for American journalists.
On June 15, 2017, Jeff Bezos posted a message on Twitter asking for ideas for philanthropy, reflecting on a strategy opposite to his focus on the long term. At the time, his lifetime spending on charitable causes was estimated to be $100 million.
In July 2017, after sporadic jumps in Amazon's share price, Jeff Bezos briefly unseated Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates as the wealthiest person in the world.
On July 27, 2017, Bezos momentarily became the world's wealthiest person over Bill Gates when his estimated net worth increased to just over $90 billion.
On October 10, 2017, Jeff Bezos made an estimated $6.24 billion in 5 minutes, which was slightly less than the then annual gross domestic product of Kyrgyzstan.
Throughout October 2017, Jeff Bezos sporadically surpassed Bill Gates as the richest person in the world after Amazon's share price fluctuated.
On November 24, 2017, Bezos's wealth surpassed $100 billion for the first time.
In December 2017, Blue Origin's New Shepard successfully flew and landed dummy passengers, pushing the anticipated start date for human space travel into late 2018.
Between 2009 and 2017, Jeff Bezos donated to the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center several times.
In 2017, Amazon created 130,000 jobs.
In 2017, Jeff Bezos's $250,000 investment in Google in 1998 was valued at approximately $3.1 billion, representing 3.3 million shares of Google stock.
Since 2017, Jeff Bezos has been portrayed by Kyle Mooney and Steve Carell on Saturday Night Live, usually as an undercutting, domineering figure, which increased the public's perception of him as a dominant figure in business and popular culture.
From January 2017 to January 2018, Jeff Bezos's net worth increased by $33.6 billion, which outstripped the economic development of more than 96 countries.
In January 2018, Jeff Bezos made a $33 million donation to TheDream.US, a college scholarship fund for undocumented immigrants brought to the United States as minors.
In January 2018, an announcement was made concerning Jeff Bezos's role within a new, unnamed healthcare company, later named Haven, which is expected to be a partnership between Amazon, JPMorgan, and Berkshire Hathaway.
By January 19, 2018, Bezos's Amazon stock holdings had appreciated to slightly over $109 billion.
On January 29, 2018, Bezos was featured in Amazon's Super Bowl commercial.
On February 1, 2018, Amazon reported its highest ever profit with quarterly earnings of $2 billion.
On March 6, 2018, Bezos was formally designated the wealthiest person in the world by Forbes, with a net worth of $112 billion.
In March 2018, Bezos dispatched Amit Agarwal, Amazon's global senior vice president, to India with $5.5 billion to localize operations throughout the company's supply chain routes.
In March 2018, Jeff Bezos met in Seattle with Mohammad bin Salman, the crown prince and de facto ruler of Saudi Arabia, to discuss investment opportunities for Saudi Vision 2030.
On May 1, 2018, forensic analysis concluded it was "highly probable" that Jeff Bezos's phone was hacked using a malicious file hidden in a video sent in a WhatsApp message from the personal account of the crown prince.
In May 2018, Jeff Bezos stated that the primary goal of Blue Origin is to preserve Earth's natural resources by making the human species multi-planetary, announcing that New Shepard would begin transporting humans into sub-orbital space by November 2018.
In June 2018, Jeff Bezos donated to Breakthrough Energy Ventures, a private philanthropic fund founded by Bill Gates aimed at promoting emissions-free energy.
During July 2018, a number of members of the U.S. Congress called on Bezos to detail the applications of Amazon's face recognition software, Rekognition.
In July 2018, Bezos was named the "richest man in modern history" after his net worth increased to $150 billion.
In July 2018, it was announced that Jeff Bezos had priced commercial spaceflight tickets from $200,000 to $300,000 per person.
On July 17, 2018, Jeff Bezos was designated the "wealthiest person in modern history" by the Bloomberg Billionaires Index, Fortune, MarketWatch, The Wall Street Journal, and Forbes.
In September 2018, Jeff Bezos announced that he would commit approximately $2 billion to a fund to deal with American homelessness and establish a network of non-profit preschools for low income communities. He committed to establishing the "Day 1 Families Fund" to finance "night shelters and day care centers for homeless families" and the "Day 1 Academies Fund" for early childhood education.
In September 2018, Jeff Bezos donated $10 million to With Honor, a nonpartisan organization that works to increase the number of veterans in political office.
In September 2018, Senator Bernie Sanders introduced the Stop Bad Employers by Zeroing Out Subsidies (Stop BEZOS) Act and accused Amazon of receiving corporate welfare.
In September 2018, it was reported that Jeff Bezos was the only one of the top five billionaires in the world who had not signed the Giving Pledge. Questions arose about Bezos's new Day 1 Fund, including the fund's structure and how exactly it would be funded.
On October 2, 2018, Bezos announced a company-wide wage increase, which Sanders applauded. The American workers who were being paid the minimum wage had this increased to $15 per hour.
In November 2018, Bezos announced that New Shepard would begin transporting humans into sub-orbital space.
In 2018, A $10 billion contract known as the Joint Enterprise Defense Infrastructure (JEDI) project with the Pentagon, was allegedly written up in a way that favors Amazon. Controversy over this was raised when General James Mattis accepted a headquarters tour invitation from Bezos and co-ordinated the deal through Sally Donnelly, a lobbyist who previously worked for Amazon.
In 2018, Bezos revealed that his Princeton classmate defeated him in solving a mathematical problem, leading him to give up his dreams of becoming a theoretical physicist.
In 2018, it was reported that Jeff Bezos met with Amazon investors for just six hours a year, favoring six-page narratives over presentation slides for high-level employee presentations.
In 2018, more than 400 Washington Post employees wrote an open letter to Jeff Bezos criticizing his poor wages and benefits for his employees, demanding "Fair wages; fair benefits for retirement, family leave and health care; and a fair amount of job security".
In January 2019, Jeff Bezos and his wife MacKenzie released a joint statement revealing that they would be getting divorced after 25 years together.
On February 7, 2019, Jeff Bezos published an online essay in which he accused American Media, Inc. owner David Pecker of "extortion and blackmail" for threatening to publish intimate photos of Bezos and current girlfriend Lauren Sánchez.
In March 2019, Jeff Bezos's security consultant accused the Saudi government of hacking Bezos's phone, linking the hack to the Washington Post's coverage of the murder of Saudi writer Jamal Khashoggi.
On April 4, 2019, Jeff Bezos' divorce was finalized, with him keeping 75% of the couple's Amazon stock and MacKenzie getting the remaining 25% ($35.6 billion).
In June 2019, Jeff Bezos purchased three adjoining apartments overlooking Madison Square Park in Manhattan, including a penthouse, for a combined total of $80 million, making this one of the most expensive real estate purchases within New York City in 2019.
In November 2019, after the JEDI contract was awarded to Microsoft instead, Amazon filed a lawsuit with allegations that the bidding process was biased.
In 2019, Harvard Business Review, after ranking Jeff Bezos as the best-performing CEO for 4 years in a row since 2014, did not rank him even in the top 100, due to Amazon's relatively low ESG scores, reflecting risks created by working conditions, employment policies, data security, and antitrust issues.
In 2019, Jeff Bezos's wealth was reduced by the divorce from his wife MacKenzie Bezos. She eventually received 25% of Bezos's Amazon shares, then valued at approximately $36 billion, making her the third-richest woman in the world.
In 2019, a PAC linked to Jeff Bezos spent over $1 million in an unsuccessful attempt to defeat the reelection bid of Seattle city council member and activist Kshama Sawant.
In January 2020, The Guardian reported that the hack of Jeff Bezos's phone was initiated before the murder of Jamal Khashoggi but after Khashoggi wrote critically about the crown prince in the Washington Post.
In February 2020, Jeff Bezos pledged $10 billion to combat climate change through the Bezos Earth Fund.
In February 2020, Jeff Bezos purchased the Warner Estate from David Geffen for $165 million, a record price paid for a residence in the Los Angeles area.
In April 2020, early in the COVID-19 pandemic, Jeff Bezos donated $100 million to food banks through Feeding America.
In August 2020, according to Forbes, Bezos had a net worth exceeding $200 billion.
On February 2, 2021, Bezos sent an email to all Amazon employees, telling them the transition would give him time and energy to focus on other passions.
In February 2021, Bezos announced that in the third quarter of 2021 he would step down from his role as CEO of Amazon to become the Executive Chairman of the Amazon Board.
On July 5, 2021, Bezos stepped down as the CEO and president of Amazon and took over the role of executive chairman. Andy Jassy succeeded Bezos as the CEO and president of Amazon.
On July 6, 2021, the Pentagon cancelled the JEDI contract with Microsoft, citing that "due to evolving requirements, increased cloud conversancy, and industry advances, the JEDI Cloud contract no longer meets its needs."
In July 2021, Jeff Bezos announced the Courage and Civility Award and donated $100 million each to lawyer Van Jones and chef José Andrés.
On July 20, 2021, Jeff Bezos launched on the NS-16 mission with his half-brother Mark Bezos, Wally Funk, and Oliver Daemen. The suborbital flight lasted over 10 minutes, reaching a peak altitude of 66.5 miles.
In September 2021, Bezos co-founded Altos Labs with Mail.ru founder Yuri Milner.
In November 2021, Jeff Bezos pledged to donate $2 billion towards restructuring food systems and nature conservation at the 2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference.
On November 22, 2021, Jeff Bezos donated $100 million to the Obama Foundation to "help expand the scope of programming that reaches emerging leaders", and requested the Obama Presidential Center's plaza to be named after John Lewis.
In 2021, Jeff Bezos stepped down as CEO of Amazon, focusing on Blue Origin, and being engaged to Lauren Sánchez.
On January 19, 2022, Altos Labs officially launched with a start capital of $3 billion and an executive team led by Hal Barron.
In February 2022, Jeff Bezos expanded his residential holdings, purchasing a $16.13 million apartment at a 24-story boutique condominium located across from Madison Square Park.
On November 22, 2022, Jeff Bezos awarded $123 million to organizations that are engaged in relocating homeless families to permanent housing. Day 1 Families Fund grants will be sent to 40 organizations across the country.
In May 2023, Jeff Bezos and Lauren Sánchez became engaged.
In December 2023, around 750 employees at The Washington Post went on a brief strike in response to Jeff Bezos' plans to lay off staff.
According to Forbes, in 2023 Jeff Bezos was the second-wealthiest person in America and the third-wealthiest person in the world.
In 2023, Jeff Bezos became a resident of Indian Creek, Florida, an area near Donald Trump's Mar-a-Lago estate.
As of February 2024, Jeff Bezos's net worth is about $197 billion, making him the second-wealthiest person in the world according to the Bloomberg Billionaires Index.
In February 2024, Bezos sold 24 million shares in Amazon at a total value of $4 billion. Bezos announced that he intended to sell 50 million shares in Amazon over the next year.
In March 2024, Jeff Bezos donated $50 million each to actress Eva Longoria and retired admiral Bill McRaven.
In July 2024, Jeff Bezos held a private phone conversation with then-candidate Donald Trump, which started a "Bezos–Trump alliance" months before Bezos blocked the Washington Post's editorial board from endorsing Kamala Harris in the election.
During an interview at the DealBook Summit in December 2024, Bezos said that he was dedicating 95% of his time to artificial intelligence initiatives at Amazon.
According to the Financial Times, in 2024, Jeff Bezos worked to have a positive relationship with Donald Trump during Trump's second term to further his business interests, and supports many of Trump's policies.
In 2024, Jeff Bezos blocked The Washington Post's editorial board from endorsing Kamala Harris in the presidential election, a move criticized by many and led to resignations.
In January 2025, editorial cartoonist Ann Telnaes resigned from The Washington Post after it refused to run a satirical cartoon critical of the relationship between American billionaires and President Donald Trump.
In February 2025, Jeff Bezos announced that the opinion section of The Washington Post will give voice only to opinions that support "personal liberties" and "free markets", leading to the resignation of opinion editor David Shipley and a loss of digital subscribers.
In February 2025, Jeff Bezos reportedly met for dinner with Donald Trump, and on the same night announced changes to the Washington Post's opinion policies to promote "free markets and personal liberties."
In May 2025, according to Forbes, Bezos's estimated net worth exceeded $220 billion, making him the third richest person in the world.
On June 27, 2025, Jeff Bezos married Lauren Sánchez in Venice, with the ceremony attracting mainstream media attention and various celebrities.
In March 2018, Jeff Bezos met with Mohammad bin Salman, the crown prince and de facto ruler of Saudi Arabia, to discuss investment opportunities for Saudi Vision 2030
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