Intel Corporation, a multinational technology company based in Santa Clara, California, is a leading designer and manufacturer of computer components, including semiconductor chips. Renowned as one of the world's largest semiconductor chip manufacturers, Intel has consistently ranked among the Fortune 500 companies by revenue. While temporarily absent from the list in 2017 and 2018, it was reinstated in 2020, securing the 45th position and solidifying its status as a major player in the technology sector.
On July 18, 1968, Intel was founded by Gordon Moore, Robert Noyce, and Arthur Rock.
In April 1969, Intel introduced its first logo, a distinctive design featuring the company's name in lowercase letters, with the "e" positioned slightly lower than the other letters.
In 1969, Intel released its first products: the 3101 Schottky TTL bipolar 64-bit static random-access memory (SRAM), the 3301 Schottky bipolar 1024-bit read-only memory (ROM), and the 256-bit 1101, which was the first commercial metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) silicon gate SRAM chip.
The 1103, released in 1970, was the first commercially available dynamic random-access memory (DRAM).
On November 15, 1971, Intel introduced the 4004 to the mass market, marking a significant milestone in computing history. While not an immediate commercial success, the 4004 laid the groundwork for Intel's future dominance in the microprocessor market.
In a major technological advancement, Intel created the world's first commercial microprocessor chip in 1971.
Intel created the first commercially available microprocessor, the Intel 4004, in 1971, marking a significant advancement in integrated circuitry.
By 1972, the 1103 was the bestselling semiconductor memory chip in the world, replacing core memory in many applications.
Intel opened its first international manufacturing facility in Malaysia in 1972.
In 1973, Intel created one of the first microcomputers.
Intel's journey in Israel began in 1974 with the establishment of a branch in Haifa, marking its entry into the country's tech landscape.
Gordon Moore became Intel's CEO in 1975.
In 1975, Intel initiated a project to develop an advanced 32-bit microprocessor, which later became the Intel iAPX 432. The project was ambitious and ultimately did not meet performance expectations, leading to its market failure.
Since 1976, Intel and AMD entered into a full cross-licensing agreement, allowing each company to use the other's patented technological innovations.
With the completion of the 8086 microprocessor in 1978, Intel launched "Operation Crush," an aggressive marketing campaign to secure customers for the new chip. This strategic move aimed to establish the 8086 as the leading microprocessor in the market.
In 1981, Intel released the Intel iAPX 432, a 32-bit microprocessor developed from a project started in 1975. Despite its advanced design, it failed to meet performance expectations and did not succeed in the marketplace.
The launch of the IBM Personal Computer in 1981 marked a turning point in computing history. This event created a massive market for Intel's microprocessors, as the IBM PC and its clones became ubiquitous.
Until 1981, the majority of Intel's business came from SRAM and DRAM memory chips.
Intel continued to innovate with the development of the 80286 microprocessor in 1982, which later powered the IBM PC/AT, further solidifying Intel's position in the PC market.
By 1983, the profitability of the DRAM market decreased because of increased competition from Japanese semiconductor manufacturers.
In 1983, under pressure from Japanese memory-chip makers, Intel CEO Andy Grove made the pivotal decision to prioritize microprocessors. This strategic shift, detailed in his book "Only the Paranoid Survive," proved crucial to the company's future success.
The Intel Scientific Computers division, established in 1984 by Justin Rattner, was dedicated to designing and manufacturing parallel computers using Intel microprocessors interconnected in a hypercube topology.
The Semiconductor Chip Protection Act of 1984 was passed, a law Intel and the Semiconductor Industry Association (SIA) had sought to protect intellectual property rights in the industry.
Compaq's release of the first 80286-based IBM PC clone in 1985 intensified competition in the PC market. This move challenged IBM's dominance and established Intel as a key component supplier for a growing number of PC manufacturers.
Compaq continued to push the boundaries of PC technology by introducing the first 80386-based system in 1986. This move further cemented Intel's position as a driving force in the rapidly evolving PC industry.
By 1987, Intel was one of the world's top ten sellers of semiconductors.
In 1987, Andy Grove took over from Gordon Moore as Intel's CEO.
By the late 1980s, Intel faced increasing competition from rivals such as AMD and Zilog, which offered cheaper microprocessors, leading to price pressure in the market and impacting Intel's market share.
In 1989, Intel introduced the 486 microprocessor, which marked significant advancements in microprocessor technology, setting the stage for future developments.
On December 25, 1990, Intel launched its "Intel in it" branding campaign in Japan with a concert at the Tokyo railway station, reflecting the company's efforts to establish its brand presence globally.
By 1990, Intel had established a second design team to develop processors like 'P5' and 'P6', committing to a major new processor every two years instead of the previous four or more years.
In 1991, Intel faced an antitrust lawsuit stemming from concerns about its business practices.
In 1991, Intel launched the 'Intel Inside' marketing campaign, which became widely recognized and established Intel as a household name. The campaign was a pioneering example of ingredient branding.
In 1991, Intel's branding campaign, which originated as "The Computer Inside" and later incorporated the "Intel in it" tagline from Japan, evolved into the globally recognized "Intel Inside" campaign, a strategic move by Intel marketing manager Dennis Carter.
Intel launched the "Intel Inside" marketing campaign in 1991 to increase brand recognition and loyalty.
The Intel Scientific Computers division was renamed the Intel Supercomputing Systems Division in 1992. The development of the iWarp architecture was also brought under its purview.
In 1992, Intel became the biggest chip maker by revenue, holding the position for many years.
In 1993, Intel introduced the Pentium processor (formerly 'P5') as part of a new naming strategy. This marked a significant milestone in microprocessor development with a focus on improved performance.
In 1993, Intel was sued by nine former employees alleging age discrimination in layoffs.
Intel's Santa Clara team began working on the 'P7' project in 1993, aiming to develop a successor to the x86 architecture. The project was later revived in collaboration with HP.
In 1993, Bill Gaede, a former employee of both AMD and Intel, attempted to sell stolen Intel processor designs (i486 and P5 Pentium) to AMD and foreign entities.
In June 1994, Intel engineers discovered a flaw in the floating-point unit of the Pentium microprocessor, leading to incorrect results under specific conditions. Intel later issued a recall and replaced the defective CPUs.
In October 1994, Professor Thomas Nicely publicly revealed the FDIV bug in Intel's Pentium processor after Intel did not respond to his findings. This led to widespread awareness and a significant response from Intel, including a costly recall.
Intel introduced the distinctive "Intel bong" jingle, composed by Walter Werzowa, alongside the launch of its Pentium processor in 1994.
In 1994, Intel introduced its memorable five-note jingle, often referred to as the "Intel bong," which became synonymous with the brand and its processors.
In 1994, Intel demonstrated early support for LGBTQ+ employees by establishing one of the first corporate Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and Transgender employee groups. Intel also backs groups for Muslim, Jewish, and Christian employees.
An industrial espionage case emerged in 1995, involving Intel and AMD, when former employee Bill Gaede attempted to sell stolen processor designs.
In 1995, Intel launched the Pentium Pro, an improved version of the Pentium processor, as part of the company's strategy to enhance microprocessor performance.
Ken Hamidi was fired from Intel in 1995 at the age of 47, later founding FACE Intel to advocate against age discrimination.
Bill Gaede was convicted and sentenced to 33 months in prison in June 1996 for his role in an industrial espionage case involving Intel and AMD in 1995.
Intel released the Pentium II processor in May 1997, continuing its strategy of rapid performance improvements.
Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) filed a lawsuit against Intel in 1997, alleging antitrust violations.
In 1997, Intel released the Pentium II, an advancement over the Pentium Pro, continuing the trend of enhancing microprocessor performance.
The Pentium III processor was launched in February 1999, maintaining Intel's approach of frequent performance upgrades.
Since 1999, Intel has been an active participant in open-source communities, contributing to various projects and initiatives.
In 1999, Ken Hamidi was blocked by a court decision from using Intel's email system to distribute criticism.
Intel continued to utilize the 1999 version of its jingle.
In 1999, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) initiated an investigation into Intel's business practices, focusing on potential antitrust violations.
In 1999, coinciding with the launch of the Pentium III processor, Intel modified its iconic jingle, although the 1994 version continued to be used for a period.
After 2000, the demand for high-end microprocessors slowed down, and competitors like AMD gained market share, impacting Intel's dominance.
By 2000, microprocessor performance had surpassed the demands of most software applications. Except for high-end servers and specific software, consumer systems could function effectively on increasingly affordable, lower-performance hardware.
Intel launched the Pentium 4 processor in the fall of 2000 as part of its rapid release strategy. However, consumer demand for these performance gains was not as strong, while competitors like AMD made significant strides, challenging Intel's dominance.
In June 2001, Intel introduced the Itanium processor, the result of a collaboration with Hewlett-Packard to develop a 64-bit architecture. However, it failed to meet performance expectations when running legacy x86 code.
In 2002, Dell entered an agreement with Intel to receive undisclosed rebates in exchange for not using AMD chips.
Intel consistently received a 100% rating on Corporate Equality Indices by the Human Rights Campaign, starting with the first index in 2002. Additionally, Working Mother magazine frequently recognized Intel as one of the top 100 companies for working mothers.
Allegations of anti-competitive practices by Intel, mostly against AMD, date back to 2003.
By 2003, Intel's rebates to Dell constituted 10% of Dell’s operating income, peaking at 76% in early 2007.
In 2003, Intel was accused by Rio Rancho residents of releasing volatile organic compounds, including 1.4 tons of carbon tetrachloride, beyond permitted levels.
In 2003, the Intel Corp. v. Hamidi decision overturned the previous ruling, allowing Ken Hamidi to use Intel's email system.
Sebastian Lester designed the Neo Sans and Neo Tech typefaces in 2004, laying the groundwork for Intel's future branding endeavors.
Intel gradually phased out the original 1994 version of its jingle by 2004.
In 2004, Intel introduced another iteration of its jingle, coinciding with a logo change, which ran concurrently with the 1999 version.
AMD filed claims against Intel in 2004, alleging unfair competition.
On May 18, 2005, Paul Otellini succeeded Craig Barrett, becoming Intel's new CEO. Otellini, previously president and COO, played a key role in Intel's success with the IBM PC.
On June 6, 2005, Steve Jobs, Apple's CEO, revealed the company would transition from PowerPC to Intel's x86 processors for its Macintosh computers, a move that analysts saw as a win for Intel despite its offerings being considered behind competitors like AMD and IBM at the time.
In response to a lawsuit filed by AMD, Intel issued a formal rebuttal in September 2005, denying AMD's allegations and asserting the legality and fairness of its business practices.
Continuing the legal battle that began in 2004, AMD filed additional claims against Intel in 2005, related to unfair competition.
Following the release of its Intel Pro/Wireless 2100, 2200BG/2225BG/2915ABG, and 3945ABG wireless products in 2005, Intel faced criticism from the open-source community for not providing free redistribution rights for the firmware essential for the operation of these devices in free operating systems.
Paul Otellini, CEO of Intel, restructured the company in 2005 to prioritize its core businesses: processors and chipsets for various platforms.
The Fair Trade Commission of Japan determined in 2005 that Intel had violated the country's Antimonopoly Act by implementing discriminatory discounts against AMD.
On January 3, 2006, Intel unveiled its second logo, drawing inspiration from the highly successful "Intel Inside" campaign. This new logo featured a stylized swirl surrounding the Intel brand name, reinforcing the brand's association with computing devices.
On January 10, 2006, Apple unveiled the first Macintosh computers powered by Intel CPUs, marking a significant shift from their previous PowerPC architecture.
In a significant move, Intel announced the phasing out of the long-standing Pentium brand for its processors. This decision was driven by legal complexities surrounding trademarking number sequences.
In February 2006, South Korean authorities conducted a raid on Intel's offices in the country as part of an investigation into potential antitrust violations.
On June 27, 2006, Intel revealed it would sell its XScale processor business to Marvell Technology Group for an estimated $600 million to focus on its core x86 and server businesses.
In July 2006, Intel was accused of releasing over 1,580 pounds of volatile organic compounds from its Rio Rancho site.
On July 27, 2006, Intel released the Core 2 family of processors, marking a shift towards power efficiency and lower clock speeds while enhancing processing capacity. This family was based on the Intel Core microarchitecture and featured a 64-bit design.
By August 2006, Apple had fully transitioned its entire consumer Mac lineup to Intel processors, completing a major architectural shift.
Transmeta filed a lawsuit against Intel alleging patent infringement related to computer architecture and power efficiency technologies in October 2006.
Intel finalized the sale of its XScale processor business to Marvell Technology Group on November 9, 2006.
In November 2006, Apple updated its Xserve server lineup to use Intel Xeon processors, further expanding the adoption of Intel CPUs within Apple's product ecosystem.
Intel introduced its Core microarchitecture in 2006, marking a significant advancement in processor performance and helping regain its market leadership.
The 2004 version of Intel's jingle gained widespread recognition and adoption with the launch of the company's Core processors in 2006, although the melody remained consistent with previous versions.
Intel debuted a new jingle and visual identity, marking a shift in the company's branding strategy. This marked the start of Intel's use of multiple jingle variants.
In 2006, Intel released X.org drivers for its integrated graphic cards based on the i965 chipset family under the permissive MIT License, furthering its support for open-source graphics drivers.
In 2006, Intel expanded its commitment to open specification platforms, going beyond its Centrino platform to include Viiv for media center PCs and vPro for business desktops.
In 2006, Dell began using AMD as a secondary chip supplier, leading Intel to stop its rebates.
Coinciding with its rebranding efforts, Intel introduced the Neo Sans Intel typeface, a customized version of Neo Sans, replacing Helvetica as its corporate typeface.
In July 2007, the European Commission accused Intel of anti-competitive practices against AMD, including giving preferential prices and delaying the launch of AMD-based products.
South Korean regulators launched an investigation into Intel in September 2007, accusing the company of violating antitrust laws.
Intel and Transmeta reached a settlement in October 2007, with Intel agreeing to a substantial payment and a licensing agreement, effectively ending their legal dispute.
In 2007, Intel's rebates to Dell made up 76% of Dell's operating income in the first quarter.
In 2007, Intel was ranked in the Fortune 500 list of the largest United States corporations by revenue.
Between 2007 and 2008, Intel reportedly evaded property taxes by misreporting its office conditions.
In January 2008, New York began investigating Intel for potential antitrust violations concerning the pricing and sales of its microprocessors.
In February 2008, Intel's Munich office was raided by EU regulators amid ongoing antitrust investigations.
The Fair Trade Commission of South Korea imposed a substantial fine on Intel in June 2008, concluding that the company had abused its dominant market position by offering incentives to Korean PC manufacturers to exclude AMD.
In June 2008, the Federal Trade Commission initiated its own antitrust investigation into Intel's business practices.
In June 2008, the EU filed new antitrust charges against Intel.
In November 2008, Intel released the 1st-generation Core processors based on the Nehalem microarchitecture. This marked the introduction of the Core i3, i5, and i7 naming scheme, which did not correspond to specific technical features.
Intel entered the mainstream SSD market in 2008, shipping drives with capacities up to 160GB.
The property tax dispute involving Intel and Indian officials spanned from 2007 to 2008.
Intel spun off key assets from a solar startup venture in 2008 to establish an independent entity, SpectraWatt Inc.
In 2008, Intel made further progress by introducing the Penryn microarchitecture, built on the 45nm process node, and later released a processor featuring the well-received Nehalem architecture.
After years of legal wrangling, a court date was finally established in 2008 for the ongoing antitrust lawsuit between Intel and AMD.
Recognizing the growing significance of digital platforms, Intel decided in 2008 to shift the focus of its "Intel Inside" campaign from traditional media like television and print to online channels, requiring partners to allocate a minimum of 35% of co-op marketing funds to online initiatives.
On April 23, 2009, Intel transitioned the Moblin project, an open-source Linux-based operating system designed for mobile devices, to the Linux Foundation, demonstrating its commitment to open-source collaboration.
In May 2009, Jane Shaw replaced Barrett as chairman of the board.
In May 2009, the EU fined Intel €1.06 billion for anti-competitive practices, ordering the company to cease all illegal activities.
The state of New York filed an antitrust lawsuit against Intel on November 4, 2009, accusing the company of engaging in unlawful practices to maintain its dominance in the microprocessor market.
AMD agreed to withdraw its antitrust lawsuit against Intel on November 12, 2009, in exchange for a $1.25 billion settlement, marking an end to their long-running legal battle.
In November 2009, New York Attorney General Andrew Cuomo sued Intel after a two-year investigation, accusing the company of bribery and coercion involving computer makers.
In December 2009, the FTC announced it would begin an administrative proceeding against Intel in September 2010.
In 2009, Intel's operations, spending, and contributions had a significant economic impact on Oregon, generating billions in economic activity and supporting thousands of jobs.
Intel introduced a new naming scheme for its processors, with Celeron, Pentium, Core i3, Core i5, and Core i7, reflecting a performance hierarchy from lowest to highest.
In 2009, Intel announced an effort to eliminate conflict resources from its supply chain, focusing on materials from the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
In 2009, Intel agreed to a $1.25 billion settlement with AMD, including a perpetual patent cross-license, to resolve antitrust allegations. Intel also faced several antitrust judgments in Europe, Korea, and Japan.
By 2009, Intel adopted a tiered branding approach for its processors: Celeron representing the "good," Pentium representing the "better," and the Intel Core family signifying the "best."
On July 22, 2010, Dell agreed to pay $100 million in penalties to the SEC for not disclosing rebates received from Intel between 2002 and 2006.
Expanding its reach into the mobile device market, Intel acquired Infineon's Wireless Solutions business in August 2010, aiming to integrate wireless modem technology into its chips.
An administrative proceeding by the FTC against Intel began in September 2010.
In 2010, Intel introduced the Westmere microarchitecture as a successor to Nehalem. This included a die shrink to 32 nm and the integration of Intel HD Graphics.
In 2010, Intel made a strategic move to bolster its presence in the security software market by acquiring McAfee, a leading antivirus and computer security company, for a substantial sum.
In 2010, Intel's annual financial report revealed a significant allocation of $1.8 billion, representing 6% of its gross margin and nearly 16% of its total net income, towards advertising efforts, encompassing the "Intel Inside" campaign.
Intel shifted the focus of its "Centrino" brand solely to its WiMAX and Wi-Fi technologies, marking a strategic realignment of the brand's identity.
Intel began construction on a new microprocessor manufacturing facility in Chandler, Arizona, in February 2011.
In March 2011, Intel expanded its software capabilities by acquiring SySDSoft, a Cairo-based company, further diversifying its portfolio.
In April 2011, Intel initiated a pilot project with ZTE Corporation, aiming to produce smartphones equipped with Intel Atom processors specifically for the Chinese market.
Strengthening its position in the networking sector, Intel acquired Fulcrum Microsystems in July 2011, a company recognized for its expertise in network switch technology.
Intel introduced its highly anticipated Core i7-2700K processor, based on the innovative "Sandy Bridge" architecture, to a global customer base in October 2011.
In October 2011, Intel acquired Telmap, an Israeli navigation software company, enhancing its capabilities in location-based services and mobile navigation.
Intel announced the reorganization of some of its business units in December 2011, forming a new mobile and communications group to oversee its endeavors in smartphones, tablets, and wireless technology.
In 2011, the Israeli government offered Intel $290 million as an incentive to expand its operations within the country, contingent on Intel increasing its workforce in Kiryat Gat and northern Israel.
SpectraWatt Inc. filed for bankruptcy in 2011.
Rumors suggesting Apple's potential move to design its own processors for Macs started circulating around 2011.
Intel saw a decline in its market share for both the overall worldwide PC microprocessor market and the mobile PC microprocessor market in the second quarter of 2011, according to IDC.
Intel announced its partnership with Google at the Intel Developers Forum (IDF) in San Francisco in 2011.
In 2011, Intel released the 2nd-generation Core processor family based on the Sandy Bridge microarchitecture, featuring an 11% performance increase over Nehalem.
In 2011, Intel Capital established a dedicated fund of $300 million to support startups developing technologies aligned with the company's vision for next-generation notebooks, specifically ultrabooks. This initiative, announced at Computex 2011, aimed to foster innovation in the ultrabook space, characterized by thin and light notebooks combining Intel processors with tablet-like features such as touchscreens and extended battery life.
At the Intel Developers Forum in 2011, Intel showcased prototype ultrabooks developed in collaboration with four Taiwanese original design manufacturers (ODMs), featuring Intel's upcoming Ivy Bridge processors.
Google revealed Android 2.3 in January 2012, which included support for Intel's Atom microprocessor.
In May 2012, Andy Bryant, previously Intel's vice chairman, CFO (1994), and Chief Administrative Officer (2007), was appointed executive chairman, succeeding Jane Shaw.
Seeking to advance chip manufacturing technology, Intel made a strategic investment in ASML Holding in July 2012, aiming to accelerate the development of advanced lithography techniques.
In November 2012, Paul Otellini announced his decision to retire in May 2013, three years before reaching Intel's mandatory retirement age of 62.
In 2012, Intel was rated the best among 24 companies by the Enough Project for its progress on conflict minerals.
Intel planned to launch its Medfield processor in 2012, designed for tablets and smartphones as a move to compete with Arm's energy-efficient chips.
In 2012, Intel introduced the Ivy Bridge-based 3rd-generation Core processors at the Intel Developer Forum. These processors featured a die shrink to 22 nm and support for DDR3 and DDR3L memory.
On May 2, 2013, Brian Krzanich, Executive Vice President and COO, was elected as Intel's sixth CEO, effective May 16, 2013. The board prioritized an internal candidate for a seamless transition.
In May 2013, Intel's board of directors, composed of prominent figures, was praised for its exceptional corporate governance, receiving a top rating from GovernanceMetrics International.
On May 16, 2013, Brian Krzanich officially assumed the role of Intel's CEO, while Renée James, head of software, was appointed as the company's president.
In July 2013, Intel acquired Omek Interactive, an Israeli company specializing in gesture-based interface technology, signaling its interest in enhancing user experiences with more intuitive interaction methods.
By July 2013, five companies, mostly makers of field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) like Achronix, Tabula, Netronome, Microsemi, and Panasonic, were utilizing Intel's fabrication facilities through the Intel Custom Foundry division.
Intel acquired Indisys, a Spanish natural language recognition startup, in September 2013, further bolstering its capabilities in artificial intelligence and language processing.
The Alliance for Affordable Internet (A4AI) launched in October 2013, with Intel joining a coalition of organizations, including Facebook, Google, and Microsoft, to make internet access more affordable globally, especially in developing countries.
By 2013, Intel Israel had grown significantly, employing a workforce of approximately 10,000 individuals across its various operations in the country.
With excess manufacturing capacity and declining PC sales, Intel entered a foundry agreement with Altera in 2013 to produce chips using a 14nm process.
The $5 billion microprocessor manufacturing facility, known as Fab 42, was completed in 2013 and became Intel's 10nm-certified facility.
Intel announced its plans to further enhance the power efficiency of its chips intended for ultrabooks. The company aimed to introduce new Ivy Bridge processors in 2013, designed with a lower default thermal design power (TDP) of 10W, contributing to longer battery life in these thin and light devices.
In 2013, Intel's Kirk Skaugen announced a strategic shift, moving away from an exclusive focus on Microsoft platforms to support all major operating systems, including Linux, Android, iOS, and Chrome.
In 2013, Intel expanded its sports sponsorship portfolio by partnering with FC Barcelona, a prominent football club, demonstrating its support for global sports.
In January 2014, following earnings that fell short of analyst expectations, Intel revealed plans to cut approximately 5,000 jobs from its 107,000-strong workforce.
In March 2014, Intel announced a substantial $6 billion investment plan to expand its presence in Israel, with ongoing investments in current and future facilities planned until 2030. As of 2014, Intel employed 10,000 people across four development centers and two production plants in Israel.
In June 2014, the General Court rejected Intel's appeal against the EU's antitrust ruling.
In November 2014, Intel revealed its intention to incorporate optical fibers to enhance networking capabilities within supercomputers.
Intel participated in a charitable initiative in November 2014, designing a Paddington Bear statue dubbed "Little Bear Blue" as part of a public art project in London to support the National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children (NSPCC).
In December 2014, Intel acquired PasswordBox, a company focused on password management security, strengthening its portfolio in the cybersecurity domain.
Intel announced its new global font, Intel Clear, designed for universal use in its communications. Created by Red Peek Branding and Dalton Maag, it succeeded Neo Sans Intel as the company's corporate typeface.
In response to changing market trends in 2014, Intel laid off thousands of employees and started offering subsidies to manufacturers to compensate for the increased costs associated with using Intel chips in their tablet devices.
In 2014, Intel's CEO urged the rest of the industry to follow Intel's lead on shunning conflict minerals.
During a keynote address at CES 2014, Intel's CEO announced that the company's microprocessors would henceforth be conflict-free.
In January 2015, Intel committed $300 million over five years to enhance gender and racial diversity within the company and the broader technology industry.
Intel invested in Vuzix, a smart glasses manufacturer, in January 2015, marking its entry into the wearable technology market and expanding its presence in the growing augmented reality sector.
In February 2015, Intel acquired Lantiq, a German network chipmaker, broadening its portfolio of chips for devices with internet connectivity and strengthening its position in the Internet of Things (IoT) market.
In June 2015, Intel made a significant move by announcing its intention to acquire Altera, an FPGA design company, in what would become its largest acquisition to date.
Intel acquired Saffron Technology, a cognitive computing company, in October 2015, strengthening its artificial intelligence capabilities and expanding its presence in the data analytics market.
The OpenFog Consortium was established on November 19, 2015, with Intel as a founding member, alongside Arm, Dell, Cisco Systems, Microsoft, and Princeton University, aiming to promote and advance fog computing.
After months of anticipation, Intel finalized its acquisition of Altera in December 2015, solidifying its position in the programmable logic device market and expanding its technological capabilities.
In February 2016, Intel released its annual report on diversity and inclusion, revealing that women made up less than 25% of its US workforce.
Intel decided to discontinue its SoFIA platform and Broxton Atom SoC for smartphones in April 2016, effectively signifying its exit from the smartphone market.
Intel further bolstered its artificial intelligence capabilities in August 2016 with the acquisition of Nervana Systems, a deep learning startup, for a substantial sum, demonstrating its commitment to advancing AI technology.
In August 2016, Indian officials threatened to dump garbage on Intel's campus for evading property taxes, leading to a court order to pay half the owed amount by the end of the month.
In September 2016, Intel reversed course on its previous acquisition by selling a majority stake in McAfee to TPG Capital, signaling a strategic shift in its approach to the security software market.
In December 2016, Intel acquired computer vision startup Movidius, further strengthening its position in the rapidly growing market for computer vision and image processing technology.
After leading Intel Israel for nearly a decade, Maxine Fesberg announced her resignation in December 2016, marking a transition in leadership for the subsidiary.
In 2016, in response to a decline in PC sales, Intel made the difficult decision to cut 12,000 jobs.
Intel's initial plan to introduce 10nm products in 2016 was disrupted by manufacturing issues. This marked the beginning of a series of delays and challenges for the company in its pursuit of smaller process nodes.
In 2016, Intel replaced its long-standing "tick-tock" model of processor development with the "process–architecture–optimization" model. This change came as Intel faced difficulties in shrinking its process node from 14 nm to 10 nm, leading to a slowdown in processor development.
In 2016, Intel deprecated its tick-tock model in favor of the process–architecture–optimization model with the release of the 7th-generation Core family based on Kaby Lake. This marked a shift in Intel's development strategy.
In 2016, Intel aimed to have its entire supply chain be conflict-free by the end of the year.
After nearly a decade, 2016 marked the last year in this period that Intel appeared on the Fortune 500 list of the largest United States corporations by revenue.
Following Maxine Fesberg's departure, Yaniv Gerti assumed the role of CEO of Intel Israel in January 2017, ushering in a new era for the company's operations in the country.
In March 2017, Intel announced its agreement to acquire Mobileye, an Israeli company renowned for its development of autonomous driving systems.
In June 2017, Intel announced a significant investment in an upcoming research and development center in Bangalore, India, demonstrating its commitment to expanding its global research and development capabilities.
In 2017, Intel announced that the Itanium 9700 series would be the last Itanium chips produced, marking the end of the Itanium line.
Intel announced a delay in the mass production of its 10nm products to 2018, further pushing back the timeline for its next-generation processors.
Intel entered the self-driving car market in mid-2017 through a partnership with Mobileye, becoming a major player in the industry.
Intel launched SSDs using 3D XPoint technology in 2017 under the brand name Optane.
Intel announced the resignation of CEO Brian Krzanich on June 21, 2018, due to a past relationship with an employee. Bob Swan stepped in as interim CEO while the board searched for a permanent replacement.
Intel shut down its foundry business in 2018 due to ongoing manufacturing challenges.
Intel released its first microprocessor under the 10nm node, Cannon Lake, marketed as 8th-generation Core, in 2018. However, production was limited due to ongoing manufacturing challenges.
Intel held its position as the biggest chip maker by revenue until 2018 when it was surpassed by Samsung Electronics.
In 2018, Intel released the first microarchitecture under the 10 nm node, Cannon Lake, in small quantities. This marked Intel's initial steps in transitioning from the 14 nm to the 10 nm process.
In 2018, Intel was removed from the Fortune 500 ranking of the largest United States corporations.
In a move to expand its manufacturing capacity, Intel announced a substantial investment in a new chip plant in Israel in January 2019, further solidifying its presence in the country's technology sector.
On January 31, 2019, Bob Swan, after serving as CFO and interim CEO, was officially named Intel's seventh CEO.
After facing multiple delays and rumors of cancellation, Intel finally launched its mass-produced 10nm 10th-generation Intel Core mobile processors, codenamed "Ice Lake," in September 2019.
In 2019, Intel experienced delays for their 10 nm products and a significant decrease in market share in the enthusiast market. Former CEO Bob Swan attributed the delays to an aggressive strategy.
In 2019, Intel released the 10th-generation Core processors, including Amber Lake, Comet Lake, and Ice Lake. Ice Lake was produced on the 10 nm process and targeted low-power mobile devices, while Amber Lake and Comet Lake were refined 14 nm nodes for other applications.
Intel introduced Agilex FPGAs in 2019, designed for data centers, 5G applications, and other demanding workloads.
As of January 2020, Intel had 12,000 employees in Arizona.
During WWDC 2020, Apple CEO Tim Cook revealed their plan to transition the Mac lineup from Intel CPUs to their own custom Arm-based processors over two years.
On September 2, 2020, Intel introduced its third logo, a simplified and modernized version that paid homage to its predecessors. This iteration retained the essence of the brand while removing the swirl and the traditional blue color from most parts of the logo, except for the dot above the "i."
In September 2020, Intel launched the 11th-generation Tiger Lake Core mobile processors. Based on the Willow Cove microarchitecture and a refined 10 nm node, these processors featured new integrated graphics based on Intel Xe.
In November 2020, Apple released the M1, their first custom-designed processor specifically for the Mac, marking a significant step in their transition away from Intel CPUs.
For the twelve months ending December 31, 2020, Intel reported a total of 2,882 Kt of CO2e emissions (direct + indirect), a 3.4% increase year-over-year.
Intel continued to use its Skylake microarchitecture until 2020 due to the challenges in transitioning to the 10 nm process node. This delay caused a slowdown in the company's processor development and impacted its competitiveness in the market.
In 2020, Intel rejoined the Fortune 500 and was ranked the 45th largest corporation and the 7th largest technology company.
In 2020, Intel faced mounting pressure from competitor AMD, which had gained significant market share with its Zen microarchitecture and chiplet-based design. Adding to the challenges, Apple announced its transition from Intel processors to its own Apple silicon for Macs, signaling a potential shift in the industry.
As part of its revamped visual identity, Intel introduced the Intel One typeface in 2020. Designed to complement Intel Clear, it became the primary font for most of the company's branding.
In 2020, Intel underwent a significant rebranding, introducing a new visual identity that included a revamped logo and a customized version of the Neo Sans typeface.
On January 13, 2021, Intel announced Pat Gelsinger, a former Intel CTO and CEO of VMWare, would succeed Bob Swan as CEO, effective February 15.
On March 23, 2021, CEO Pat Gelsinger announced IDM 2.0, a new strategy for Intel. The plan involved investing in manufacturing facilities, using both internal and external foundries, and launching Intel Foundry Services (IFS) as a standalone foundry business.
On March 30, 2021, Intel released the 11th-generation Rocket Lake Core desktop processors. These processors, based on the Cypress Cove microarchitecture and fabricated using Intel's 14 nm process, replaced the Comet Lake desktop processors.
In November 2021, Intel strategically recruited employees from VIA Technologies' Centaur Technology division, gaining valuable expertise and talent in x86 processor design.
In December 2021, Intel announced a significant investment in Malaysia, planning to build a new chip-packaging and testing facility. This move aimed to expand Intel's manufacturing capabilities in the region.
In December 2021, Intel revealed its plan to take its Mobileye automotive unit public through an IPO in the following year, 2022. Despite the IPO, Intel intended to retain majority ownership of Mobileye.
Prior to March 2021, Intel had a mandatory retirement age of 65 for CEOs, leading to the retirements of Andy Grove, Robert Noyce, and Gordon Moore. Grove also retired as chairman and board member in 2005 at 68. However, in 2021, Intel abolished this policy.
Intel sold a significant portion of its NAND memory business to SK Hynix for $7 billion in 2021. They also discontinued their consumer-grade Optane products in the same year.
In March of 2021, Intel made a significant change to its policy by removing the mandatory retirement age for its corporate officers.
In late 2021, Intel launched its 12th-generation Core processors ("Alder Lake"), unifying desktop and mobile CPUs under the Intel 7 process (10nm). This generation introduced a hybrid architecture combining Golden Cove (performance) and Gracemont (efficiency) cores.
Until 2021, Intel released various optimizations on the Skylake microarchitecture, including Kaby Lake R, Amber Lake, Whiskey Lake, Coffee Lake, Coffee Lake R, and Comet Lake. These updates were part of Intel's efforts to overcome challenges in shrinking their process node.
Under the leadership of new CEO Pat Gelsinger, Intel shifted its strategy in 2021 and began hiring thousands of engineers, reversing its previous job cuts.
In January 2022, Intel chose New Albany, Ohio as the location for a new manufacturing facility, representing a significant investment of at least $20 billion. The facility is expected to start chip production by 2025.
In February 2022, Intel made a significant move to bolster its manufacturing capabilities by agreeing to acquire Tower Semiconductor, an Israeli chip manufacturer, for a sum of $5.4 billion.
In March 2022, due to international sanctions imposed on Russia following its invasion of Ukraine, Intel suspended its supply to the Russian market.
In May 2022, Intel and Ericsson, a leading telecommunications company, announced a strategic partnership aimed at jointly developing high-performance cloud RAN (Radio Access Network) solutions. As part of this collaboration, the companies established a technology hub in California to focus on leveraging Ericsson's Cloud RAN expertise and Intel's technology to enhance network efficiency and performance, expedite time-to-market, and unlock new business opportunities, particularly in the enterprise applications domain.
In May 2022, Intel further expanded its footprint in the graphics technology sector by acquiring Siru Innovations, a Finnish firm specializing in GPU software and silicon building blocks. Founded by former AMD and Qualcomm engineers with expertise in mobile GPUs, Siru Innovations joined Intel's Accelerated Computing Systems and Graphics Group.
During its Q2 2022 earnings report, Intel announced the discontinuation of future product development within its Optane business, effectively ending the development of 3D XPoint technology.
In August 2022, Intel secured a $30 billion partnership with Brookfield Asset Management to support its factory expansions. Under this agreement, Intel holds a 51% controlling stake and shares revenue with Brookfield, providing financial flexibility for its growth initiatives.
In 2022, the €1.06 billion fine against Intel was dropped.
Intel announced its intention to discontinue the Pentium and Celeron brand names for its entry-level desktop and laptop processors, with the transition expected in 2023.
Arthur Rock's initial investment of $2,500,000 in convertible debentures in Intel was equivalent to $21 million in 2022.
In the fall of 2022, Intel carried out layoffs to streamline operations and reduce costs. These layoffs were followed by further cost-cutting measures, including pay cuts, in the following year.
On January 31, 2023, Intel revealed pay cuts for employees above mid-level as part of a $3 billion cost reduction initiative. These cuts included a 5% reduction for affected employees and a suspension of bonuses and merit pay increases.
In August 2023, Intel's planned acquisition of Tower Semiconductor was terminated due to the failure to secure approval from Chinese regulators within the stipulated 18-month deadline for the transaction.
In September 2023, a €376.36 million fine was re-imposed on Intel, replacing an earlier €1.06 billion fine.
In October 2023, Intel revealed its plan to spin off its Programmable Solutions Group into a separate entity at the start of 2024. Despite this, Intel would retain majority ownership and aim for an IPO within three years for fundraising.
In October 2023, Intel revealed its plan to spin off its Programmable Solutions Group (PSG) into an independent entity at the start of 2024 while retaining majority ownership.
Intel confirmed its position as the first commercial user of high-NA EUV lithography tools in October 2023, demonstrating its commitment to regaining process leadership from TSMC.
Intel introduced its Gaudi3 AI chip in December 2023, designed for generative AI software and set to compete with Nvidia and AMD. This launch highlights Intel's focus on the growing AI market.
Intel's initial plan was to start construction on two new chip mega factories in Magdeburg, Germany, in 2023. However, this was later postponed.
In 2023, Intel announced a significant change to its processor naming convention, dropping the "i" from its Core processor lineup, simplifying the naming structure.
In 2023, Dell, Lenovo, and HP Inc. were some of Intel's main customers, accounting for 19%, 11%, and 10% of total revenue, respectively.
Despite increasing competition, in 2023, Intel still led the x86 market by a wide margin with a market share of 68.4%.
As of 2023, Intel replaced its Pentium and Celeron branding with the new "Intel Processor" designation, simplifying its product nomenclature.
As of May 2024, the U.S. Department of Defense was one of Intel's largest customers.
In June 2024, Intel announced its Xeon 6 processor for data centers, focusing on improved performance and power efficiency. The company also revealed its cost-effective Gaudi 2 and Gaudi 3 AI accelerators and shared architectural details of its upcoming Lunar Lake processors for AI PCs.
In a significant decision, Intel announced in June 2024 the discontinuation of development on a planned factory in Kiryat Gat, Israel, impacting a project initially projected to cost billions of dollars.
After reporting $1.6 billion in losses for Q2 2024, Intel decided to cut 15,000 jobs to achieve $10 billion in savings by 2025. The company plans to offer early retirement and voluntary departure options as part of this workforce reduction.
Intel's Programmable Solutions Group (PSG) is expected to become a separate company in early 2024.
Intel's construction start for the chip mega factories in Magdeburg, Germany, was delayed to late 2024, impacting the initial timeline for the project.
Intel solidified its presence in the esports realm in 2024 through multi-million dollar sponsorships with Riot Games and JD Gaming, signifying its commitment to competitive gaming.
Intel aims to achieve $10 billion in cost savings by 2025 through various measures, including job cuts, as part of its efforts to improve financial performance.
Intel's new manufacturing facility in Ohio is projected to begin chip production in 2025, marking a key step in the company's manufacturing expansion plans.
The remaining transaction from the sale of Intel's NAND memory business to SK Hynix, valued at $2 billion, is anticipated to be finalized in 2025.
Despite the construction delay, Intel aims to start chip production at its Magdeburg, Germany facilities in 2027, contributing to the company's overall manufacturing capacity.
Intel has set a goal to reduce its carbon emissions by 10% by 2030, based on its 2020 emissions.