The Super Bowl is the annual championship game of the National Football League (NFL). Held on the second Sunday of February since 2022, it marks the culmination of each NFL season since 1966, replacing the NFL Championship Game. Previously, the game took place in January. The winning team receives the Vince Lombardi Trophy. Due to trademark restrictions, non-sponsors often refer to it as the "big game." The event is widely recognized as "Super Bowl Sunday" or "Super Sunday."
The first Rose Bowl game, then called the "Tournament East–West football game", was played in 1902.
The NFL was founded in 1920.
In 1923, the Tournament East-West football game moved to the newly built Rose Bowl Stadium.
The Green Bay Packers won the NFL Championship in 1929 during the pre-playoff era.
The Green Bay Packers secured the NFL Championship in 1930, continuing their dominance in the pre-playoff era.
In 1931, the Green Bay Packers completed their first three-peat by winning another NFL Championship in the pre-playoff era.
The first NFL playoff game took place in 1932, marking a significant milestone in the league's history.
Several other bowl games were created in 1935, including the Orange, Sugar, and Sun Bowls.
The Cotton Bowl was created in 1937.
In 1955, as part of the NFL's 75th Anniversary celebration, the 49ers wore their 1955 throwback uniforms during Super Bowl XXIX. These throwbacks served as their regular home jersey for that year.
The American Football League (AFL) was formed in 1960, becoming a major competitor to the NFL.
On January 14, 1961, AFL commissioner Joe Foss proposed a "World Playoff" game between the AFL and NFL champions.
The Green Bay Packers won the NFL Championship in 1961.
Vince Lombardi won his first NFL championship in 1961.
The Green Bay Packers won the NFL Championship in 1962.
Vince Lombardi won his second NFL Championship in 1962.
The Dallas Cowboys began wearing white jerseys for home games in 1964, a tradition that has continued, including in several Super Bowls.
The Green Bay Packers secured the NFL Championship in 1965, completing a three-peat.
Vince Lombardi won his third NFL Championship in 1965.
The media began using the term "Super Bowl" in July 1966 after Lamar Hunt's suggestion.
Lamar Hunt first used the term "Super Bowl" in a letter to Pete Rozelle on July 25, 1966.
The Super Bowl was created as part of a merger agreement between the NFL and AFL in 1966.
Vince Lombardi won his fourth NFL Championship in 1966.
The Green Bay Packers won the first Super Bowl (then called the AFL-NFL World Championship Game) in 1966, defeating the Kansas City Chiefs. Bart Starr was named MVP.
In 1966, the Super Bowl was created as the championship game of the National Football League (NFL).
In May 1967, the league considered alternative names for the game but "Super Bowl" gained popularity.
The Green Bay Packers won Super Bowl XXXI in 1967, ending their championship drought since Super Bowl II.
The Green Bay Packers won their second consecutive Super Bowl (then called the AFL-NFL World Championship Game) in 1967, defeating the Oakland Raiders. Bart Starr was again named MVP.
The Super Bowl was initially held in January, starting in 1967.
The first four Super Bowls took place from 1967 to 1970, before the AFL-NFL merger.
Vince Lombardi won his fifth NFL Championship in 1967.
From 1967 to 1978, Super Bowls were played on Sundays in early to mid-January.
The name "Super Bowl" was adopted in 1969 for Super Bowl III.
The Super Bowl trophy was named after Vince Lombardi following his death in September 1970.
Following the AFL-NFL merger in 1970, the Pittsburgh Steelers adopted the tradition of wearing black jerseys for home games.
In 1970, the NFL realigned into two conferences: the American Football Conference (AFC) and the National Football Conference (NFC).
The AFL and NFL completed their merger in 1970, reshaping the landscape of professional football.
The AFL and NFL officially merged in 1970, leading to the creation of the AFC and NFC.
Roman numerals were first used to identify Super Bowls in January 1971.
Since Super Bowl V in 1971, the game has been played between the champions of the AFC and NFC.
The 1972 Miami Dolphins completed a perfect undefeated and untied regular season, a feat achieved before the Patriots in 2007.
In 1973, Super Bowl VII was televised in Los Angeles after all tickets were sold. This was experimental, as previous Super Bowls were blacked out in the host city.
The Pittsburgh Steelers' 1974 draft was remarkably successful, yielding four future Hall of Famers, setting a record for any team in any sport in a single draft. A fifth undrafted player from this year, Donnie Shell, also later made the Hall of Fame.
Vikki Carr sang "America the Beautiful" at Super Bowl XI in 1977, replacing the traditional national anthem.
1978 marked the end of Super Bowls being played in early to mid-January.
Since Super Bowl XII in 1978, a special guest participates in the coin toss ceremony.
From 1979 to 2003, the Super Bowl was played in late January.
Starting with Super Bowl XIII in 1979, the home team was given the option to choose between wearing their colored or white jerseys.
The San Francisco 49ers embarked on a dominant playoff run in 1981, marking the start of their successful period in the 1980s.
Under coach Joe Gibbs, the Washington Redskins started wearing white jerseys for home games in 1981, a practice they continued until 2000, and again from 2004-2007 under Gibbs' second tenure.
In 1982, Super Bowl XVI achieved the highest Nielsen rating in Super Bowl history.
Apple introduced the Macintosh computer during a commercial in the 1984 Super Bowl.
Under Bill Walsh, the 1984 San Francisco 49ers achieved an 18-1 regular season record, a first in NFL history.
ABC became part of the Super Bowl broadcast rotation starting with Super Bowl XIX in 1985.
In 1985, the New England Patriots, despite wearing white at home during the regular season, chose to wear red jerseys for Super Bowl XX after winning playoff games on the road in red.
The 1985 Chicago Bears, coached by Mike Ditka, had a dominant season, achieving an 18-1 record and winning Super Bowl XX.
The New England Patriots made their first Super Bowl appearance in 1985 (Super Bowl XX), but lost the game.
The "I'm going to Disney World!" campaign began with Super Bowl XXI in 1987.
In Super Bowl XXIV, the 1989 San Francisco 49ers, led by first-year head coach George Seifert, achieved the most lopsided victory in Super Bowl history, defeating the Denver Broncos 55-10.
The venue for Super Bowl XXVIII was selected on May 23, 1990, marking a shift towards choosing new or renovated stadiums.
The 1990 season marked the end of a highly successful period for the San Francisco 49ers, which included nine playoff appearances and four Super Bowl victories.
In 1990, Arizona voters rejected a proposal to recognize Martin Luther King Jr. Day as a paid state holiday, leading to the relocation of Super Bowl XXVII.
The Dallas Cowboys did not make the playoffs in the 1990 season.
The host stadium for Super Bowl XXVII was chosen. This was the last time a Super Bowl was held in a stadium other than the home of the city's NFL team.
Since 1991, the Super Bowl has started between 6:19 and 6:40 PM EST to optimize primetime viewing on the East Coast.
The 1991 season marked a point where the NFC's streak of having more Super Bowl wins than the AFC ended.
The Washington Redskins emerged victorious in Super Bowl XXVI in 1991.
Whitney Houston's performance of the national anthem at Super Bowl XXV in 1991 is considered one of the best renditions.
The Dallas Cowboys began a streak of division championships in 1992, which lasted until 1996.
The Washington Redskins continued their practice of wearing white jerseys at home through 1992 under Richie Petitbon.
In 1992, CBS was awarded Super Bowl XXVI after acquiring the rights to the 1992 Winter Olympics. This broke the traditional broadcasting rotation.
Arizona voters approved recognizing Martin Luther King Jr. Day as a paid holiday in 1992, paving the way for Tempe to host Super Bowl XXX in 1996.
Super Bowl XXVII, initially awarded to Tempe, Arizona, was moved to Pasadena, California in 1993 after Arizona voters rejected recognizing Martin Luther King Jr. Day as a paid holiday.
In 1994, Fox replaced CBS as the NFC broadcaster and took over CBS's place in the Super Bowl rotation.
NBC aired Super Bowl XXVIII in 1994, the second consecutive year they broadcast the Super Bowl.
A period of AFC dominance in the Super Bowl began around 1995, with AFC teams winning a significant number of Super Bowls in the following years.
Los Angeles had no NFL team from this year until 2016.
The Jacksonville Jaguars, one of the NFL's youngest franchises, began playing in 1995.
From 1996, the Mega Millions lottery game was called "The Big Game," later becoming "The Big Game Mega Millions".
Super Bowl XXX was awarded to Tempe, Arizona in 1996 after the state recognized Martin Luther King Jr. Day as a paid holiday.
The Dallas Cowboys' streak of five consecutive division championships ended in 1996.
The New England Patriots appeared in their second Super Bowl in 1996 (Super Bowl XXXI), but were defeated.
The Dallas Cowboys failed to qualify for the playoffs during the 1997 season.
Super Bowl XXXIII, initially planned for Candlestick Park in San Francisco, was relocated to Pro Player Stadium in Miami in 1999 due to failed stadium renovation plans.
In 2000, the Baltimore Ravens won Super Bowl XXXV, their sole Super Bowl appearance at the time.
The Washington Redskins, under Norv Turner, continued to wear white jerseys for their home games until 2000.
From 2001 to 2010, the NFC saw a diverse range of teams representing the conference in the Super Bowl, with a different team appearing each season.
The 2001 Super Bowl marked the beginning of an era of AFC quarterback dominance, with Tom Brady, Ben Roethlisberger, or Peyton Manning frequently leading their teams.
Until 2001, the Super Bowl was held in January.
The Mega Millions lottery game changed its name in 2002, discontinuing the use of "The Big Game".
U2 performed at Super Bowl XXXVI's halftime show in 2002, including a tribute to the victims of 9/11.
The Houston Texans, another of the NFL's youngest franchises, began playing in 2002.
Super Bowl XXXVI in 2002 was the first to be played in February due to the September 11 attacks.
In 2002, the Tampa Bay Buccaneers achieved victory in their sole Super Bowl appearance.
2003 was the last year the Super Bowl was held in late January.
In 2003, the area where the stadium used for Super Bowls was located officially became Miami Gardens. Before this date, the stadium was located in unincorporated Miami-Dade County.
Super Bowl XXXVII, initially awarded to a proposed new stadium in San Francisco, was relocated to Qualcomm Stadium in San Diego in 2003 due to the stadium's failure to be built.
From 2004 to 2021, the game was played on the first Sunday of February.
The NFL began issuing cease-and-desist letters in 2004 to Las Vegas casinos that held "Super Bowl" parties. This action was taken because the NFL owns the "Super Bowl" trademark and sought to prevent its unauthorized commercial use, leading many casinos to rename their events "Big Game Parties".
With the return of Joe Gibbs as coach in 2004, the Washington Redskins resumed their tradition of wearing white jerseys for home games, continuing this practice through 2007.
The Pittsburgh Steelers were victorious in Super Bowl XL in 2005, defeating the Seattle Seahawks.
The original Stanford Stadium, which hosted Super Bowl XIX, was demolished in 2006. Following the demolition, a new stadium was constructed at the same location.
The NFL applied to trademark "The Big Game" in 2006.
The Indianapolis Colts won Super Bowl XLI in 2006, beating the Chicago Bears.
Alan Roach became the official public address announcer for the Super Bowl in 2006, starting with Super Bowl XL.
Facing significant opposition, primarily from Stanford University and the University of California, Berkeley, whose annual football game is traditionally called "The Big Game," the NFL withdrew its trademark application for the phrase in 2007. The opposition also cited the previous use of the name for the Mega Millions lottery.
In 2007, NFL commissioner Roger Goodell suggested the possibility of holding a Super Bowl in London, potentially at Wembley Stadium.
The New England Patriots achieved a perfect 16-0 regular season record in 2007, becoming the first team to do so in the 16-game era.
The Redskins tradition of wearing white at home ended in 2007 after Gibbs' second tenure with the team.
In 2008, Senator Orrin Hatch proposed legislation aiming to allow non-profit organizations to show live football games, including the Super Bowl, without infringing on copyright restrictions. This proposal aimed to balance the NFL's trademark enforcement with fair use principles.
In 2008, during the Belichick-Brady era, the New England Patriots wore white jerseys for a home game, deviating from their usual blue.
In 2009, the New Orleans Saints won their first Super Bowl championship, defeating the Indianapolis Colts in Super Bowl XLIV with a score of 31-17.
Starting in 2009 with Super Bowl XLIII, "America the Beautiful" is sung before the national anthem.
In February 2010, Super Bowl XLIV, originally planned for New York City's proposed West Side Stadium, was moved to Sun Life Stadium in Miami Gardens, Florida, due to disagreements over stadium funding.
The trend of different NFC teams reaching the Super Bowl every year ended in 2010.
In 2010, Nielsen reported that 51% of Super Bowl viewers tuned in specifically for the commercials.
The Patriots wore white jerseys for a home game again in 2010, continuing to occasionally deviate from their standard blue.
The 2010 NFL season culminated in Super Bowl XLV, where the Packers defeated the Steelers.
In February 2011, the Green Bay Packers won Super Bowl XLV, securing their fourth Super Bowl victory and thirteenth NFL championship overall.
In 2011, the New England Patriots made an appearance in the Super Bowl.
In 2011, the Patriots wore white jerseys at home for a game, continuing their occasional practice of choosing white over blue.
In the years leading up to Super Bowl XLVII in 2013, New Orleans invested over $1 billion in infrastructure improvements.
In February 2014, Super Bowl XLVIII was played at MetLife Stadium in New Jersey. It was the first Super Bowl held outdoors in a cold-weather environment. The Seattle Seahawks won their first Super Bowl title, defeating the Denver Broncos 43-8.
U.S. Bank Stadium was selected to host Super Bowl LII.
Comedian Stephen Colbert began referring to the Super Bowl as the "Superb Owl" in 2014 as a way to parody the NFL's strict trademark enforcement of the term "Super Bowl".
In 2014, the New England Patriots appeared in the Super Bowl.
A document detailing the specific requirements for Super Bowl host cities was leaked in 2014, revealing the extensive criteria for hosting the event.
In 2015, renovations began on Sun Life Stadium to add a roof, a key requirement for hosting future Super Bowls. The stadium had previously experienced a significant rainstorm during Super Bowl XLI.
In 2015, the NFL filed a formal opposition against a trademark application for the term "Superb Owl" submitted by an Arizona-based nonprofit organization. This was a part of the ongoing effort by the NFL to protect its "Super Bowl" trademark. Another entity had already secured a service mark for the term.
Super Bowl 50 followed the 2015 NFL season.
Super Bowl 50 was played on February 7, 2016, breaking the tradition of using Roman numerals.
The New England Patriots appeared in the Super Bowl in 2016.
The Rams returned to Los Angeles.
The renovation of Sun Life Stadium, including the addition of a roof, was completed in 2016, making it eligible to host future Super Bowls.
Raymond James Stadium was chosen to host Super Bowl LV.
The Chargers moved to Los Angeles.
In 2017, the Patriots made another Super Bowl appearance.
Around 2018, there was a potential shift in the pattern of AFC teams dominating the Super Bowl appearances.
In 2018, the NFL rescinded the competitive bidding process for Super Bowl hosting rights. From Super Bowl LVII onward, the league unilaterally chooses potential venues and then votes on the submitted hosting proposals.
In 2018, the Patriots made their fifth Super Bowl appearance of the decade.
The 2018 Super Bowl marked a point where the pattern of Tom Brady, Ben Roethlisberger, or Peyton Manning representing the AFC was broken.
The Tampa Bay Buccaneers played and won Super Bowl LV at their home stadium in 2020.
The 18-week regular season format for the NFL began in 2021.
The NFL schedule expanded in 2021, moving the Super Bowl to the second Sunday in February.
The Los Angeles Rams won Super Bowl LVI, which was held at their home stadium, SoFi Stadium.
In 2021, Super Bowl LV included "Lift Every Voice and Sing" before "America the Beautiful" to honor Black History Month.
Due to construction delays at SoFi Stadium, Super Bowl LV was moved from SoFi Stadium to Raymond James Stadium in 2021, and SoFi Stadium was then awarded Super Bowl LVI in 2022.
As of 2021, San Diego became the only metropolitan area to have hosted previous Super Bowls but no longer have an NFL team. This occurred after the San Diego Chargers relocated to Los Angeles, despite San Diego Stadium having hosted three Super Bowls. There were discussions around this time about London potentially hosting a Super Bowl at Wembley Stadium.
2021 marked the end of Super Bowls being played on the first Sunday of February.
Super Bowl LVI, played on February 13, 2022, was the first under the expanded NFL schedule.
NBC aired Super Bowl LVI in 2022, coinciding with their coverage of the 2022 Winter Olympics.
Since 2022, the Super Bowl has been played on the second Sunday in February.
Super Bowl LVI was awarded to SoFi Stadium in 2022 after initially being planned for 2021 but delayed due to construction.
The price of a 30-second Super Bowl commercial reached $7 million in 2022, reflecting the increasing viewership of the event.
Los Angeles hosted Super Bowl LVI in 2022.
On February 12, 2023, the Kansas City Chiefs won Super Bowl LVII against the Philadelphia Eagles at State Farm Stadium in Glendale, Arizona.
A new broadcasting contract will begin in 2023, including ABC in the Super Bowl rotation.
In 2023, the Philadelphia Eagles won Super Bowl LII against the defending champion New England Patriots, ending a 57-year championship drought.
Starting in 2024, NBC will be awarded the Super Bowl broadcast during Winter Olympic years.
Super Bowl LVIII, originally planned for the Superdome in New Orleans, was moved to Allegiant Stadium in Nevada in 2024 due to a scheduling conflict with Mardi Gras.
Super Bowl LIX was awarded to New Orleans in 2025 after Super Bowl LVIII, originally planned for the city, was moved due to a scheduling conflict.
By 2028, it was anticipated that a stadium outside the NFL's traditional geographic footprint might host a Super Bowl, possibly as early as Super Bowl LXII. Although bids were submitted for Super Bowls through Super Bowl LIX, a non-NFL stadium hadn't yet been selected.
The current TV contract for Super Bowl broadcasts expires after the 2033 season.
The current TV contract expires in early 2034.