San Francisco is the fourth-most populous city in California and the 17th-most populous in the United States, with 827,526 residents in 2024. It ranks first among U.S. cities with a population of 300,000 or more by per capita income and second by population density as of 2023. Its metropolitan statistical area has approximately 4.6 million residents, and the San Jose–San Francisco–Oakland combined statistical area has around 9.2 million residents.
Around 1900, the first North American plague epidemic was the San Francisco plague.
The creation of Golden Gate Park between 1870 and 1900 contributed to the development of the west side of San Francisco.
Around 1901, San Francisco was a major city known for its flamboyant style, stately hotels, ostentatious mansions on Nob Hill, and a thriving arts scene.
In 1901, Golden Gate University, a private, nonsectarian university, was formed in the Financial District of San Francisco.
The first North American plague epidemic, the San Francisco plague, ended in 1904.
On April 18, 1906, a major earthquake struck San Francisco and northern California, leading to widespread fires and destruction. More than three-quarters of the city lay in ruins, and over half the population was left homeless.
An Historical Center of San Francisco monument, where the 1899–1906 City Hall was once located, is in United Nations Plaza.
Following the 1906 earthquake, wealthy San Franciscans built homes in Pacific Heights.
In 1906, the San Andreas Fault caused an earthquake in San Francisco. The threat of major earthquakes plays a large role in the city's infrastructure development.
In 1910, the San Francisco Planning and Urban Research Association or SPUR was founded to address the quality of housing after the 1906 earthquake.
In September 1912, Michael O'Shaughnessy was hired as chief engineer for San Francisco to supervise infrastructure construction.
Since 1912, the Bay to Breakers footrace has been held annually in San Francisco, known for colorful costumes and a celebratory community spirit.
In 1913, San Francisco was granted a perpetual leasehold over the Hetch Hetchy Valley and watershed in Yosemite National Park by the Raker Act.
Between 1915 and 1927, San Francisco's streetcar system was pushed to completion.
In 1915, San Francisco celebrated its rebirth at the Panama–Pacific International Exposition.
In 1918, the construction of the Twin Peaks Tunnel connected southwest neighborhoods to downtown via streetcar, hastening the development of West Portal, and nearby affluent Forest Hill and St. Francis Wood.
In 2012, San Francisco was ranked No. 1 in a study that examined which U.S. metro areas have produced the most Major Leaguers since 1920.
Between 1915 and 1927, San Francisco's streetcar system was pushed to completion.
In the wake of the 1929 stock market crash, not a single San Francisco-based bank failed.
On December 11, 1932, the lowest recorded temperature was 27 °F (−3 °C).
In 1934, a 103-foot tall cross was built on Mount Davidson, San Francisco's tallest hill.
In 1936, San Francisco completed the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge.
In 1939, San Francisco celebrated its regained grandeur with the Golden Gate International Exposition.
In 1940, non-Hispanic White residents formed 92.5% of San Francisco's population.
In 1945, the United Nations Charter was drafted and signed in San Francisco.
The coldest daytime high since the station's opening in 1945 was recorded in December 1972 at 37 °F (3 °C).
In 1946, the San Francisco 49ers of the National Football League (NFL) began playing as an All-America Football Conference (AAFC) league charter member.
By 2000, San Francisco's population reached new highs, surpassing the previous record set in 1950.
In 1951, the Treaty of San Francisco re-established peaceful relations between Japan and the Allied Powers.
In 1955, Bill Russell led the San Francisco Dons basketball team to an NCAA championship.
In 1956, Bill Russell led the San Francisco Dons basketball team to another NCAA championship.
In 1958, Major League Baseball's San Francisco Giants moved from New York to San Francisco.
In 1959, San Francisco had fewer than thirty-three hundred first-class hotel rooms.
In 1962, the NBA's Golden State Warriors moved from Philadelphia to the San Francisco Bay Area and played as the San Francisco Warriors.
In 1967, hippies flocked to Haight-Ashbury, reaching a peak with the Summer of Love.
The California Institute of Integral Studies was founded in 1968.
In 1969, Bank of America, completed 555 California Street in San Francisco.
In 1969, San Francisco had a significant manufacturing sector employing nearly 60,000 workers.
By 1970, the number of hotel rooms was nine thousand in San Francisco.
In 1971, KPOO, an independent, African-American owned and operated noncommercial radio station, was established in San Francisco.
In 1971, The Fillmore music venue in San Francisco closed its doors after a final performance by Santana.
In 1971, the San Francisco 49ers moved into Candlestick Park.
Prior to the 1971–1972 season, the San Francisco Warriors were renamed the Golden State Warriors.
In December 1972, the coldest daytime high since the station's opening in 1945 was recorded at 37 °F (3 °C).
In 1972, the Transamerica Pyramid was completed.
Prior to the 1971–1972 season, the San Francisco Warriors were renamed the Golden State Warriors in an attempt to present the team as a representation of the whole state of California, which had already adopted "The Golden State" nickname.
Since 1972, San Francisco Pride events have been held continuously, becoming one of the largest and oldest pride parades.
In 1973, Sutro Tower, an important broadcast tower for KTVU, KRON, and KPIX, was built between Mount Sutro and the Twin Peaks.
In 1974, the Zebra murders left at least 16 people dead in San Francisco.
After the last serious Republican challenger for city office lost the 1975 mayoral election by a narrow margin, the Democrats and to a lesser extent the Green Party dominated city politics.
In 1976, up to 5 inches of snowfall fell on Twin Peaks in San Francisco.
Since 1977, the number of San Franciscans employed by firms of more than 1,000 employees has fallen by half.
In 1978, Harvey Milk and Mayor George Moscone were assassinated.
In January 1980, Mayor Dianne Feinstein signed a sister cities agreement with Shanghai during a visit to China.
From 1950 to 1980, San Francisco lost over 10 percent of its population.
Since 1980, the Escape from Alcatraz triathlon has attracted 2,000 professional and amateur triathletes for its annual race.
The 1980 San Francisco Recycling Program was one of the earliest curbside recycling programs.
In 1981, the non-profit Friends of the Urban Forest was established in San Francisco.
Between 1982 and 1995, the San Francisco 49ers won five Super Bowl titles.
The Folsom Street Fair started in 1984 and is an annual BDSM and leather subculture street fair held in September as the endcap to San Francisco's Leather Pride Week.
San Francisco has not voted more than 20% for a Republican presidential or senatorial candidate since 1988.
After the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, city leaders demolished the Embarcadero Freeway and a portion of the Central Freeway, converting them into street-level boulevards.
During the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, the Marina district experienced extensive damage to property built on landfill due to soil liquefaction.
San Francisco declared itself a sanctuary city in 1989.
Between 1990 and 2000, the number of foreign-born residents in San Francisco increased from 33% to nearly 40%.
In 1990, technology jobs accounted for just 1 percent of San Francisco's economy.
Between 1991 and 2020, San Francisco recorded an average warmest night at 64 °F (18 °C).
Since 1993, the San Francisco Department of Public Health has distributed 400,000 free syringes every month aimed at reducing HIV and other health risks for drug users, as well as providing disposal sites and services.
In 1994, CNET was founded in San Francisco.
The Fillmore in San Francisco reopened in 1994 with a performance by the Smashing Pumpkins.
Between 1982 and 1995, the San Francisco 49ers won five Super Bowl titles.
In 1995, Salon.com was founded in San Francisco.
In 1995, the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art (SFMOMA) moved to its current building in the South of Market neighborhood and attracted more than 600,000 visitors annually.
In 1998, the Wattis Institute for Contemporary Arts was founded as part of the California College of the Arts.
Between 1999 and 2000, the job growth rate was 4.9% in San Francisco.
By 1999, there were more than thirty thousand hotel rooms in San Francisco.
Between 1990 and 2000, the number of foreign-born residents in San Francisco increased from 33% to nearly 40%.
Between 1999 and 2000, over 50,000 jobs were created in technology firms and internet content production in San Francisco.
By 2000, San Francisco's population reached new highs, surpassing the previous record set in 1950.
In 2000, 48.6% of San Francisco residents commuted by driving alone or carpooling in private vehicles, which declined to 41.3% by 2014.
In 2000, the San Francisco Giants began playing at Oracle Park.
In 2001, San Francisco had lower pedestrian deaths in vehicle collisions than in 2013, which had 21 deaths.
In 2001, San Francisco was an early adopter of carsharing in America, with the non-profit City CarShare opening, followed closely by Zipcar.
In 2001, the dot-com bubble burst, causing many startup companies to fold and lay off employees in San Francisco.
From 2002 through 2013, Oracle Park hosted the annual Fight Hunger Bowl college football game.
In 2003, the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) opened a 43-acre (17 ha) Mission Bay campus, complementing its original facility in Parnassus Heights.
In 2004, the Small Business Commission started a publicity campaign to keep a larger share of retail dollars in the local economy.
In 2004, the city approved a payroll tax exemption for biotechnology companies to foster growth in the Mission Bay neighborhood.
In 2006, small businesses with fewer than 10 employees and self-employed firms made up 85% of city establishments in San Francisco.
Since 2006, San Francisco has received a Bicycle Friendly Community status of "Gold" from the League of American Bicyclists.
The 2010 Municipal Transportation Agency (MTA) annual bicycle count showed a 58% increase from the 2006 baseline counts.
In 2007, the city expanded its Medicaid and other indigent medical programs into the Healthy San Francisco program, which subsidizes certain medical services for eligible residents.
San Francisco ranked third of American cities in median household income with a 2007 value of $65,519.
In 2008, the MTA estimated that about 128,000 trips were made by bicycle each day in the city, or 6% of total trips.
In December 2010, the Sunset Reservoir Solar Project, featuring 24,000 solar panels, opened and more than tripled the city's solar generation capacity.
By 2010, technology jobs had grown to 4 percent of San Francisco's economy.
In 2010, 55% (411,728) of San Francisco residents spoke only English at home, while 19% (140,302) spoke a variety of Chinese (mostly Taishanese and Cantonese), 12% (88,147) Spanish, 3% (25,767) Tagalog, and 2% (14,017) Russian.
In 2010, Chinese ethnicity constituted the largest single ethnic minority group in San Francisco at 21% of the population.
The 2020 United States census showed San Francisco's population to be 873,965, an increase of 8.5% from the 2010 census.
Bloomberg West was launched in 2011 from a studio on the Embarcadero in San Francisco.
In 2011, Ed Lee was selected by the board to finish the term of Gavin Newsom, who resigned to take office as Lieutenant Governor of California.
In 2011, San Francisco International Airport (SFO) was the eighth-busiest airport in the U.S. and the 22nd-busiest in the world, handling over 40.9 million passengers.
In 2011, San Francisco reported 50 murders, 134 rapes, 3,142 robberies, 2,139 assaults, 4,469 burglaries, 25,100 thefts, and 4,210 motor vehicle thefts. The Tenderloin area had the highest crime rate.
Since 2011, manufacturing jobs had doubled in San Francisco.
In 2012, the San Francisco Giants won the World Series again. Also in 2012, San Francisco was ranked No. 1 in a study examining which U.S. metro areas have produced the most Major Leaguers since 1920.
In August 2013, Bay Area Bike Share launched with 700 bikes in downtown San Francisco, selected cities in the East Bay, and San Jose.
From 2002 through 2013, Oracle Park hosted the annual Fight Hunger Bowl college football game before it moved to Santa Clara.
In 2013, 21 pedestrians were killed in vehicle collisions, which is the highest since 2001.
In 2013, 25 people were killed by car and truck drivers while walking and biking in the city and 9 car drivers and passengers were killed in collisions.
In 2013, San Francisco hosted the America's Cup yacht racing competition.
In 2013, San Francisco proper attracted 423 financings worth US$4.58 billion in venture capital investments.
In 2013, San Francisco strengthened its sanctuary city stance with its 'Due Process for All' ordinance.
In 2013, a record low 5.59 inches of rainfall was recorded at downtown San Francisco.
In 2013, over 1.5 million people attended San Francisco Pride events, which was approximately 500,000 more attendees than the previous year.
In 2013, the SFJAZZ Center opened, hosting jazz performances year round in San Francisco.
In 2013, the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art (SFMOMA) closed for renovation and expansion.
The new Terminal Project at Pier 27 opened on September 25, 2014, replacing the old Pier 35.
According to a 2014 quality of life survey of global cities, San Francisco has the highest quality of living of any U.S. city.
As of 2014, San Francisco experienced a small resurgence in manufacturing, with more than 4,000 manufacturing jobs across 500 companies.
In 2014, San Francisco committed to Vision Zero, aiming to end all traffic fatalities caused by motor vehicles within the city by 2024.
In 2014, only 41.3% of residents commuted by driving alone or carpooling in private vehicles in San Francisco, marking a decline from 48.6% in 2000.
In 2014, the San Francisco 49ers left San Francisco, moving approximately 50 miles south to Santa Clara, and began playing its home games at Levi's Stadium.
In a 2014 study, the largest religious groupings in San Francisco's metropolitan area are Christians (48%), followed by those of no religion (35%), Hindus (5%), Jews (3%), Buddhists (2%), Muslims (1%) and a variety of other religions have smaller followings.
In the first six months of 2014 there were 14 murders in the Bayview-Hunters Point area.
By June 2, 2015, the median rent in San Francisco was reported to be as high as $4,225.
For fiscal year 2015–16, the City of San Francisco's municipal budget was $8.99 billion. The City of San Francisco spent over $10,000 per resident.
From 2015 to 2019, the Golden State Warriors made five consecutive NBA Finals, winning three of them.
In 2015, survey data released by Gallup indicated that 6.2% of adults in the San Francisco metro area identified as LGBTQ, the highest proportion among the 50 most populous metropolitan areas measured.
In the first six months of 2015, there were 25 murders, compared to 14 in the first six months of 2014 in the Bayview-Hunters Point area.
Since 2015, CNBC has broadcast from One Market Plaza in San Francisco.
In May 2016, the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art (SFMOMA) reopened with an addition designed by Snøhetta, doubling the museum's size.
By 2016, San Francisco was rated low by small businesses in a Business Friendliness Survey.
For fiscal year 2015–16, the City of San Francisco's municipal budget was $8.99 billion. The City of San Francisco spent over $10,000 per resident.
In 2016, San Francisco attracted the fifth-highest number of foreign tourists of any city in the United States.
In 2016, San Francisco had a diversified service economy, with approximately 27% of workers employed in professional business services, 14% in leisure and hospitality, 13% in government services, 12% in education and health care, 11% in trade, transportation, and utilities, and 8% in financial activities.
In 2016, the San Francisco Police Department reported 59 murders, marking a 13.5% increase from the 52 homicides in 2015.
In 2016–17, San Francisco increased its spending by $241 million on homelessness services.
On September 1, 2017, the highest recorded temperature at the official National Weather Service downtown observation station was 106 °F (41 °C).
On December 12, 2017, San Francisco Board of Supervisors President London Breed temporarily replaced Ed Lee after he died.
A major expansion of Bay Area Bike Share started in 2017, along with a rebranding as Ford GoBike.
In 2017, 6,858 homeless people were counted in San Francisco's point-in-time street and shelter count.
In 2017, more than half of the Asian population in San Francisco was either Chinese-born (40.3%) or Philippine-born (13.1%).
In 2017, the Overwatch League's San Francisco Shock Esports team was established.
In 2017–18 the budget for combatting homelessness stood at $305 million.
In January 2018, Leilani Farha, a United Nations special rapporteur on homelessness, expressed being "completely shocked" by San Francisco's homelessness crisis during her visit, comparing the conditions of homeless camps to those in Mumbai.
On January 23, 2018, Supervisor Mark Farrell was appointed by the Board of Supervisors to finish Ed Lee's term as mayor.
As of 2018, the San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA Combined Statistical Area had a population of over 9.6 million, making it the fifth-largest in the United States.
During the first half of 2018, reports of human feces on San Francisco sidewalks were the second-most-frequent complaint, with about 65 calls per day, leading to the formation of a "poop patrol".
In 2018, Jewish Americans made up an estimated 10% (80,000) of the city's population.
In 2018, San Francisco ranked fifth in the U.S. for park access and quality in the ParkScore ranking of the top 100 park systems across the United States, according to the nonprofit Trust for Public Land.
In 2018, the dog population was cited as exceeding the child population of 115,000.
As of 2019, 2.6% of the city's streets have protected bike lanes, with 28 miles of protected bike lanes in the city.
From 2015 to 2019, the Golden State Warriors made five consecutive NBA Finals, winning three of them.
In 2019, 42 people were killed in traffic collisions in San Francisco.
In 2019, 8,035 homeless people were counted in San Francisco's point-in-time street and shelter count.
In 2019, Chase Center opened as the new home of the Golden State Warriors in the Mission Bay area.
In 2019, Ford GoBike received its current name, Bay Wheels.
In 2019, San Francisco Shock won a championship title.
In the 2019–2020 budget year, the city budgeted $368 million for homelessness services.
Starting in 2019, the railings on the west side of the Golden Gate Bridge pedestrian walkway were replaced with thinner, more flexible slats as part of the retrofitting to improve aerodynamic tolerance of high wind.
In May 2020, San Francisco officially sanctioned homeless encampments within the city.
Starting in June 2020, reports were received of a loud hum produced by the new railing slats on the Golden Gate Bridge, heard across the city when a strong west wind was blowing.
As of 2020, the OECD-defined San Francisco metropolitan area, with 6.7 million residents, ranked 5th by GDP ($874 billion) and 2nd by GDP per capita ($131,082) across all metropolitan areas in the OECD countries.
As of the 2020 census, the racial makeup and population of San Francisco included: 361,382 Whites (41.3%), 296,505 Asians (33.9%), 46,725 African Americans (5.3%), 86,233 Multiracial Americans (9.9%), 6,475 Native Americans and Alaska Natives (0.7%), 3,476 Native Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders (0.4%) and 73,169 persons of other races (8.4%). There were 136,761 Hispanic or Latino residents of any race (15.6%).
Between 1991 and 2020, San Francisco recorded an average warmest night at 64 °F (18 °C).
In 2020, African Americans constituted about 5% of San Francisco's population.
In 2020, San Francisco Shock won a championship title.
In the proposed 2020–2021 budget, the city budgeted $850 million for homelessness services.
The 2020 United States census showed San Francisco's population to be 873,965, an increase of 8.5% from the 2010 census.
As of 2021, sea levels are projected to rise by as much as 5 feet (1.5 m) in San Francisco due to climate change, resulting in periodic flooding and rising groundwater levels.
In 2021, San Francisco had over 19,000 car break-ins, gaining a reputation for this type of crime.
In 2021, Walk Score ranked San Francisco the most walkable city in the United States.
In the proposed 2020–2021 budget, the city budgeted $850 million for homelessness services.
As of the first quarter of 2022, the median value of homes in San Francisco County was $1,297,030, ranking third in the U.S. for counties with the highest median home value.
In 2022 a measure on the ballot passed to protect JFK drive in Golden Gate Park as a pedestrian and biking space with 59% of voters in favor.
In 2022, San Francisco had more than 1.7 million international visitors and approximately 20 million domestic visitors.
In 2022, the Golden State Warriors won the franchise's first championship while residing in San Francisco proper.
The San Francisco Art Institute, founded in 1871, closed in 2022.
As of 2023, Muni is the eighth-largest transit system in the United States.
As of 2023, San Francisco was ranked first among U.S. cities with a population of 300,000 or more by per capita income.
In 2023, 23.1 million visitors arrived in San Francisco, adding US$9.3 billion to the economy.
In April 2024, statistics released by SFPD indicated that crime figures were down in the first 100 days of the year, particularly in robberies, burglaries and larceny.
As of 2024, Salesforce is the largest private-sector employer in San Francisco, with 11,953 employees.
By 2024, San Francisco aims to end all traffic fatalities caused by motor vehicles as part of its Vision Zero plan, which was committed to in 2014.
In 2024, San Francisco was the fourth-most populous city in California and the 17th-most populous in the United States, with a population of 827,526. It was ranked first among U.S. cities with a population of 300,000 or more by per capita income.
In 2024, San Francisco's Point-in-Time (PIT) count indicated approximately 8,323 homeless individuals, with over 20,000 seeking homeless services in the city.
In 2024, the 13-county San Jose–San Francisco–Oakland combined statistical area had a GDP of $1.408 trillion, ranking 3rd among CSAs. As of 2024, San Francisco County ranked 9th by income per capita among U.S. counties, with a per capita personal income of $171,497.
In 2024, the GDP in the nine-county San Francisco Bay Area grew 4.3% in real terms to $1.332 trillion.
In 2024, the Global Financial Centres Index ranked San Francisco as the fifth-most competitive financial center in the world.
In 2024, the San Francisco Bay Area had a GDP of $1.332 trillion. San Francisco proper had a GDP of $268 billion and a GDP per capita of $324,000. The city is home to companies like Salesforce, Uber, Airbnb, Levi's, Gap, OpenAI, Chime, Anthropic, Databricks, Dropbox, and Lyft.
In the Summer of 2025, Rikki's, the first and only women's sports bar, opened in San Francisco.
San Francisco aims to divert 100% of waste from landfills by 2025.
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