Health care encompasses the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and management of diseases, illnesses, injuries, and impairments affecting physical and mental well-being. Delivered by various health professionals across fields like medicine, dentistry, nursing, and therapy, it spans primary, secondary, tertiary, and public health services. The broad aim is to improve and maintain health, addressing a wide spectrum of needs from basic care to specialized interventions.
Since 1970, the OECD's average life expectancy exceeded 80 years for the first time ever in 2011: 80.1 years, a gain of 10 years.
In 1980, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the worldwide eradication of smallpox. This marked the first time in human history that a disease was eliminated through deliberate healthcare interventions.
In 2011, the health care industry consumed an average of 9.3 percent of the GDP or US$ 3,322 (PPP-adjusted) per capita across the 34 members of OECD countries.
In 2013, the National Health Interview Survey in the United States identified the most common reasons for physician visits as skin disorders (42.7%), osteoarthritis and joint disorders (33.6%), back problems (23.9%), disorders of lipid metabolism (22.4%), and upper respiratory tract disease (22.1%, excluding asthma).
In 2020, the healthcare industry in the United States accounted for 18% of the nation's gross domestic product.
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