The Weather Underground was an organization that created collectives around the United States. They challenged the government in solidarity with Third World liberation movements, especially the Black Power movement and the Vietnamese. The collectives organized the white working class against imperialism through militant demonstrations and property damage.
From August 10–14, 1969, women participating in the Ave Riots in Seattle's University District bonded and formed "the core of the Seattle Weathermen". The Ave Riots, protesting the Vietnam War and police brutality, preceded the formation of the Seattle Weather Collective less than a week later in 1969.
In May 1970, Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC) centers became targets of protests, with "thirty ROTC buildings burned or bombed" across sixteen states, leading to National Guard mobilizations on twenty-one campuses. These protests were part of a larger movement against war preparation during May 1970.