History of Community in Timeline

A community is a social unit defined by shared characteristics such as location, norms, culture, religion, values, customs, or identity. It fosters a sense of place, whether physical or virtual, and is characterized by durable relationships beyond immediate family. 'Community' can refer to both small, local groups and large affiliations like national or international communities, playing a vital role in shaping identity and social roles within institutions.

1986: McMillan and Chavis identify four elements of "sense of community"

In 1986, McMillan and Chavis identified four elements that constitute a 'sense of community'.

1987: Scott Peck argues for conscious community building in "The Different Drum"

In 1987, Scott Peck, in his book 'The Different Drum: Community-Making and Peace', argued that the sense of community can be consciously built through deliberate design and knowledge of specific rules, outlining a four-stage process.

The Different Drum: Community Making and Peace (New Hope for Humankind)

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1991: Peck remarks on maintaining community

In 1991, Peck noted that building community is easier than maintaining it in the modern world. He also outlined the three basic types of community organizing: grassroots, coalition building, and institution-based.

2001: Pew Internet survey on virtual communities

In 2001, a Pew Internet and The American Life Project survey found that virtual community members involved in entertainment, professional, and sports groups primarily focused on obtaining information. The survey highlighted how weak ties facilitate information exchange in virtual communities.