History of Narwhal in Timeline

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Narwhal

The narwhal, a toothed whale species native to the Arctic, is the sole member of the genus *Monodon* and one of two living species in the family Monodontidae. Closely related to the beluga whale, with which it shares habitat and can interbreed, the narwhal is a robust cetacean with a relatively blunt snout, a prominent melon, and a shallow ridge instead of a dorsal fin. Male narwhals possess a distinctive tusk, a protruding left canine ranging from 1.5 to 3.0 meters in length. This tusk is believed to function as a weapon, a feeding tool, a means of attracting mates, or a sensory organ for detecting water salinity. Specialized slow-twitch muscles, combined with jointed neck vertebrae and a shallow dorsal ridge, facilitate the narwhal's movement through the Arctic environment, where it frequently dives to significant depths.

1914: Narwhal Entrapment Events

Around 1,000 narwhal carcasses were discovered in 1914-1915 following entrapment events, predominantly in Disko Bay, West Greenland.

1915: Narwhal Entrapment Events

Following the events of 1914, in 1915, continued discoveries of narwhal carcasses were made due to entrapment, totaling approximately 1000 over the two year period.

1922: IRSNB M 1922

An event or discovery related to IRSNB M 1922 occurred in 1922. Further context is needed to provide a specific title and description.

1972: US Ban on Narwhal Product Imports

The United States banned imports of products made from narwhal parts in 1972 under the Marine Mammal Protection Act.

1990: Discovery of a Possible Narluga Hybrid

In 1990, the remains of an unusual whale were discovered in West Greenland, possessing characteristics of both a narwhal and a beluga.

1999: Increase in Canadian Narwhal Catches

Canadian narwhal catches, which had declined in the late 1980s and 1990s, started to rise again after 1999.

2002: Increased Narwhal Catches in Siorapaluk

Hunters in Siorapaluk reported increased narwhal catches in 2002, potentially due to increased vulnerability caused by climate change.

2007: Analysis of Narwhal Hunts in Hudson Bay

Narwhal hunts in Hudson Bay during 2007 were analyzed for a study.

2008: Increased Narwhal Sea Entrapment

Several narwhal sea entrapment events were recorded in 2008-2010 during the Arctic winter, including in new locations, suggesting later departure from summering grounds.

2010: Increased Narwhal Sea Entrapment

In 2010, along with the events recorded in 2008-2009, continued increased narwhal sea entrapment events were observed, particularly during the Arctic winter, raising concerns about changing environmental conditions and their impact on migration patterns.

2011: Narwhal Population in Northern Hudson Bay

In 2011, approximately 12,000 narwhals were estimated to be present in Northern Hudson Bay.

2013: Economic Analysis of Narwhal Hunting

A 2013 paper, based on a 2007 analysis of narwhal hunts in Hudson Bay, estimated a gross revenue of CA$6,542 (US$6,091) per narwhal.

2013: Narwhal Population near Somerset Island

Around 49,000 narwhals were estimated near Somerset Island in 2013.

August 2016: Narwhal Tusk Usage for Feeding

Drone footage from Tremblay Sound, Nunavut, in August 2016, showed narwhals using their tusks to tap and stun small Arctic cod to facilitate feeding.

2017: Global Narwhal Population Estimate

In 2017, the global narwhal population was estimated at 170,000, with 123,000 mature individuals.

2018: Molecular Analysis of Monodontidae Fossils

A 2018 molecular analysis of Monodontidae fossils suggests that they diverged from Phocoenidae between 10.82 and 20.12 million years ago.

2018: Alphaherpesvirus in Narwhal

In 2018, a female narwhal was found to have alphaherpesvirus.

2019: Phylogenetic Tree of Monodontidae

A phylogenetic tree of the Monodontidae family was published based on a 2019 study.

2019: Confirmation of Narluga Hybrid

DNA analysis in 2019 confirmed that the unusual whale remains found in 1990 belonged to a narluga, a hybrid between a narwhal and a beluga.

2019: Discovery of Possible Narwhal Ancestor

In 2019, the fossil species Casatia thermophila, discovered in central Italy, was proposed as a potential ancestor of the narwhal.

2020: Phylogenetic Study of Narwhal and Beluga Divergence

A 2020 phylogenetic study using mitochondrial DNA indicated that narwhals and beluga whales split around 4.98 million years ago.