Pixar Animation Studios, located in Emeryville, California, is a renowned American animation studio celebrated for its computer-animated films, which have achieved both critical acclaim and commercial success. A subsidiary of Walt Disney Studios, and ultimately a part of The Walt Disney Company, Pixar has become a household name synonymous with high-quality animation. The studio's innovative use of computer technology has revolutionized the animation industry, setting new standards for storytelling and visual artistry in filmmaking.
Steve Jobs worked as a technician at Atari in 1973.
The Computer Graphics Lab (CGL) was founded at NYIT in 1974, marking an important step toward Pixar's eventual creation.
Bushnell sold Atari to Warner Communications in 1976.
Chuck E. Cheese's Pizza Time Theatres was founded by Nolan Bushnell in 1977.
Pixar's journey began in 1979 as part of the Lucasfilm computer division, known as the Graphics Group.
The Graphics Group, which would later evolve into Pixar, was launched at Lucasfilm in 1979.
The name "Pixar" emerged around 1981, initially as a name suggestion for a compositing computer.
John Ratzenberger, a future Pixar voice actor, began starring in the television series Cheers in 1982.
Pixar began collaborating with Industrial Light & Magic (ILM) on special effects in 1982.
George Lucas's divorce in 1983 impacted the future of the Graphics Group, ultimately leading to its spin-off as Pixar.
John Lasseter joined Lucasfilm in 1983.
Nolan Bushnell founded Kadabrascope in 1983. Later, it was sold to Lucasfilm and its assets were merged into the Computer Division.
PTT declared bankruptcy and was acquired by ShowBiz Pizza Place in 1984.
The Graphics Group officially became Pixar, a corporation, in February 1986.
Pixar became a corporation in 1986, with Steve Jobs as a major shareholder.
Cheers, starring John Ratzenberger, concluded its run in 1993.
Pixar's first fully computer-animated feature film, "Toy Story," premiered in 1995.
The success of Toy Story in 1995 established Pixar as the first major successful computer-animation studio for theatrical feature films.
Around the release of A Bug's Life in 1998, Pixar significantly expanded its animation department.
Following Toy Story 2's release in 1999, Pixar and Disney entered an agreement regarding sequels.
Pixar's streak of Academy Award wins for Best Animated Feature began in 2001.
The release of Monsters, Inc. in 2001 led to another surge in hiring for Pixar's animation department.
"Finding Nemo" won the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature in 2003.
Following the release of Finding Nemo in 2003, Pixar's animation department experienced further growth.
"The Incredibles" took home the Best Animated Feature Oscar in 2004.
In 2004, Disney announced plans to proceed with Pixar sequels, with or without Pixar's involvement.
In 2004, negotiations between Pixar and Disney ended due to disagreements between Steve Jobs and Michael Eisner. Pixar explored partnerships with other studios.
During the opening of Hong Kong Disneyland in September 2005, Bob Iger observed a lack of recent Disney-created characters in the parade, which influenced his decision to acquire Pixar.
Michael Eisner's departure from Disney in September 2005 paved the way for renewed negotiations between Disney and Pixar.
Cars was originally slated for release on November 4, 2005.
In January 2006, Disney announced its plan to acquire Pixar.
Disney agreed to acquire Pixar for $7.4 billion on January 24, 2006.
On May 5, 2006, Disney finalized its acquisition of Pixar, making Steve Jobs Disney's largest shareholder.
Disney finalized its acquisition of Pixar in May 2006.
In May 2006, John Lasseter revealed that Bob Iger's decision to purchase Pixar stemmed from observing a lack of recent Disney characters in a Hong Kong Disneyland parade.
Toy Story 3 was brought back into production under Pixar's control in May 2006.
Cars' release date was changed to June 9, 2006, to capitalize on the summer movie season and give Pixar more leverage in negotiations with Disney.
Pixar paid tribute to John Ratzenberger in the end credits of Cars (2006), acknowledging his voice acting contributions to their films.
"Ratatouille" was awarded Best Animated Feature in 2007.
In 2007, Pixar and Disney struck a distribution deal for Ratatouille to ensure its release even if the acquisition talks fell through. This deal became void after Disney successfully acquired Pixar.
In a 2007 interview, John Lasseter discussed Pixar's recurring theme of self-improvement in its films, emphasizing character growth.
Ratatouille, one of Pixar's high-budget films, was released in 2007.
Cars 2, Pixar's first non-Toy Story sequel, was officially announced in April 2008.
"WALL-E" won the Oscar for Best Animated Feature in 2008.
In 2008, Pixar hosted the second Julia Robinson Mathematics Festival, highlighting the role of mathematics in filmmaking.
In 2008, despite the merger, Lasseter and Catmull maintained separate operations for Pixar and Disney Animation, requiring each studio to handle its own projects.
Jim Morris, producer of WALL-E, became Pixar's general manager in 2008.
WALL-E, featuring a small amount of live-action, was released in 2008.
In February 2009, key Pixar figures received the Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement at the Venice Film Festival.
"Up" received the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature in 2009.
Monsters University, a prequel to Monsters, Inc., was announced in April 2010.
Toy Story 3 was released as Pixar's eleventh feature film on June 18, 2010.
"Toy Story 3" was released in 2010.
Toy Story 3, another high-budget Pixar film, was released in 2010.
Cars 2 was released on June 24, 2011, as Pixar's twelfth feature film.
Hawaiian Vacation, a Toy Story Toons short, was released in 2011, including live-action elements.
Pixar consulted on the script for The Muppets in 2011.
Monsters University was initially slated for release in November 2012.
"Brave" won the Best Animated Feature Oscar in 2012.
Following the release of Brave in 2012, the "Pixar Theory" gained popularity, suggesting connections between all Pixar characters.
John Carter, produced by Pixar's Jim Morris, was released in 2012.
Finding Dory was officially announced in April 2013.
Monsters University was released on June 21, 2013.
The Pixar Theory, a blog post proposing that all Pixar characters are connected, was published in 2013.
Toy Story of Terror!, Pixar's first television special, was released in 2013.
In March 2014, Pixar announced that Incredibles 2 and Cars 3 were in development.
In November 2014, Jim Morris was promoted to president of Pixar, while Andrew Millstein was promoted to president of Disney Animation.
Toy Story 4 was officially confirmed to be in development in November 2014, with John Lasseter as director.
Toy Story That Time Forgot, Pixar's second television special, was released in 2014.
"Inside Out" was awarded Best Animated Feature in 2015.
Inside Out and The Good Dinosaur, both big-budget Pixar productions, were released in 2015.
Finding Dory, the sequel to Finding Nemo, was released on June 17, 2016.
On July 3, 2016, Pixar president Jim Morris announced a potential shift away from sequels after Toy Story 4.
Borrowed Time, the first 3D film in the Pixar Co-op Program, was accepted in 2016.
Pixar assisted in the story development of The Jungle Book in 2016.
Pixar released "Finding Dory" in 2016.
In July 2017, John Lasseter stepped down as director of Toy Story 4, leaving Josh Cooley as sole director.
John Lasseter announced a six-month leave of absence on November 21, 2017, following allegations of misconduct.
"Coco" won the Best Animated Feature Oscar in 2017.
It was announced on June 8, 2018 that John Lasseter would be leaving Disney Animation and Pixar at the end of the year.
Incredibles 2 was released on June 15, 2018, achieving record-breaking box office success.
In June 2018, Brad Bird discussed the possibility of adapting 1906 as a TV series or live-action film.
Pete Docter was named as Lasseter's replacement at Pixar on June 19, 2018.
Ed Catmull announced his retirement on October 23, 2018.
"Incredibles 2" hit theaters in 2018.
Incredibles 2, a high-budget Pixar film, was released in 2018.
Pixar animators contributed to a hand-drawn sequence in Mary Poppins Returns in 2018.
Lee Unkrich left Pixar on January 18, 2019, after 25 years.
In May 2019, Pixar affirmed its intention to focus on original projects.
Toy Story 4 was released in June 2019 and became one of the top 40 highest-grossing films in the US.
Toy Story 4, released on June 21, 2019, broke box office records and won an Academy Award.
Ed Catmull officially retired in July 2019.
"Toy Story 4" premiered in 2019.
Pixar in Real Life, a live-action reality show, was developed in 2019.
Toy Story 4, a high-budget Pixar film, was released in 2019.
Onward was theatrically released on March 6, 2020.
Soul's release was delayed to November 2020 due to the pandemic.
Three Pixar series for Disney+ were announced on December 10, 2020: Dug Days, Cars on the Road, and Win or Lose.
Soul was released on Disney+ on December 25, 2020.
"Soul" was awarded Best Animated Feature in 2020.
John Ratzenberger voiced characters in every Pixar feature film from Toy Story through Onward (2020), and a character in Soul (2020) bears his likeness.
Pixar announced Soul's release for 2020 and launched SparkShorts on Disney+.
Luca was released directly on Disney+ in June 2021.
Monsters at Work premiered on Disney+ in July 2021.
Dug Days premiered on Disney+ on September 1, 2021.
Turning Red was released directly on Disney+ in March 2022.
In June 2022, Pixar released Lightyear, its first film to return to theaters since the start of the pandemic. However, the film underperformed at the box office, resulting in significant financial losses for the studio.
Cars on the Road premiered on Disney+ on September 8, 2022.
As of September 2022, six Pixar films were slated to have sequels or prequels: Toy Story, Cars, Monsters, Inc., Finding Nemo, The Incredibles, and Inside Out.
Inside Out 2 was officially confirmed during the D23 Expo in September 2022.
Jonas Rivera was promoted to Executive VP of Film Production at Pixar in September 2022, overseeing all film and streaming production.
In December 2022, Disney CEO Bob Iger announced a renewed focus on the Pixar brand, emphasizing its importance to the company.
Turning Red and Lightyear, both expensive Pixar productions, were released in 2022.
Toy Story 5 was announced in February 2023, with a planned release in 2026.
A TV series based on Inside Out was announced in June 2023.
In June 2023, Disney laid off 75 employees, including Lightyear's director Angus MacLane and producer Galyn Susman.
As of July 2023, Pixar's films have generated over $15 billion globally.
Elemental was released in August 2023. Despite initially underperforming, the film made a box office comeback, exceeding expectations and becoming profitable.
In December 2023, Disney announced the theatrical re-release of Soul, Turning Red, and Luca in the United States during the first quarter of 2024.
Elemental, a high-budget film, was released in 2023. In an interview that year, Pixar's president explained the reasons behind their films' high budgets.
In January 2024, planned layoffs at Pixar were delayed due to production schedules.
Pixar proceeded with layoffs in May 2024, impacting approximately 14% of its workforce. This coincided with a shift in focus from streaming series back to theatrical releases.
Incredibles 3 was announced during the D23 Expo in August 2024.
Dream Productions, a series based on Inside Out, premiered on Disney+ on December 11, 2024.
Inside Out 2, another high-budget Pixar film, is slated for release in 2024.
Win or Lose is set to premiere on Disney+ on February 19, 2025.
Elio is scheduled to be released on June 13, 2025.
Hoppers is scheduled to be released on March 6, 2026.
Toy Story 5 is scheduled to be released on June 19, 2026.
A release date of June 18, 2027 has been reserved for a Pixar film.