SEPTA, the Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority, is a regional public transportation agency serving approximately four million people in and around Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It operates a diverse network, including bus, rapid transit, commuter rail, light rail, and electric trolleybus services. Beyond operation, SEPTA also manages projects focused on maintaining, replacing, and expanding its existing infrastructure, facilities, and vehicle fleet.
A Nor'easter brought heavy snow and strong winds to the Philadelphia region, causing SEPTA to make service adjustments. Blizzard conditions intensified, reducing visibility and impacting travel. These adjustments ensured safety during the winter storm.
In 1902, the Philadelphia Rapid Transit Company was formed.
In 1913, the original proposal for the Roosevelt Boulevard Subway dates back but construction has remained elusive.
In 1940, the PTC had been created with the merger of the Philadelphia Rapid Transit Company (formed in 1902), and a group of smaller, then-independent transit companies operating within the city and its environs.
On August 17, 1963, SEPTA was created by the Pennsylvania General Assembly to coordinate government funding to various transit and railroad companies in southeastern Pennsylvania.
On February 18, 1964, SEPTA commenced operations.
On November 1, 1965, SEPTA absorbed two predecessor agencies.
By 1966, the Reading Company and Pennsylvania Railroad commuter railroad lines were operated under contract to SEPTA.
On February 1, 1968, the Pennsylvania Railroad merged with the New York Central railroad to become Penn Central.
On September 30, 1968, SEPTA acquired the Philadelphia Transportation Company (PTC).
At its founding in 1968, the SEPTA board had 11 members.
On January 30, 1970, SEPTA acquired the Philadelphia Suburban Transportation Company, also known as the Red Arrow Lines.
On June 21, 1970, Penn Central filed for bankruptcy.
In 1974, the City of Philadelphia began construction of the airport line.
On March 1, 1976, SEPTA acquired the transit operations of Schuylkill Valley Lines, known today as the Frontier Division.
In 1976, Conrail took over Penn Central's assets along with those of several other bankrupt railroads, including the Reading Company.
Most of the cars used on the lines were built between 1976 and 2011.
In 1977, SEPTA and Reeder's Inc. partnered to operate three bus routes out of West Chester: Route 120 (West Chester to Coatesville), Route 121 (West Chester to Paoli), and Route 122 (West Chester to Oxford).
From 1978–79 SEPTA used AM General vehicles.
In 1980, a prototype of the K-cars used on the SEPTA Subway-Surface trolley lines was delivered and tested before Kawasaki began building the full fleet in 1981.
Beginning in 1981, Kawasaki built the 112 vehicles used on the SEPTA Subway–Surface trolley lines, known as "K-cars".
SEPTA established its current Transit Police Department in 1981.
In July 1982, SEPTA replaced Route 122 service with its own Route 91, after only one year of service.
In October 1982, Route 121 was replaced by SEPTA's Route 92, which continues to operate today.
Between 1982 and 1984, Kawasaki built B-IV cars for the Broad Street Line, which are stainless steel and include cars with operating cabs at both ends and some with only a single cab.
In 1982, SEPTA ordered buses from Neoplan USA, marking the largest purchase for Neoplan at the time and SEPTA's largest to date.
On January 1, 1983, SEPTA took over commuter services operations from Conrail and acquired track, rolling stock, and other assets to form the Railroad Division.
In November 1983, SEPTA turned over the Bucks County routes (formerly Trenton-Philadelphia Coach Line Routes, a subsidiary of SEPTA) to Frontier Division.
In 1983, SEPTA, along with other transit operators in Pennsylvania, ordered 1,000 Neoplan buses of various lengths, with SEPTA receiving 450 buses from this order.
Between 1982 and 1984, Kawasaki built B-IV cars for the Broad Street Line, which are stainless steel and include cars with operating cabs at both ends and some with only a single cab.
In 1984, the City of Philadelphia completed construction of the airport line.
In 1984, with the construction and opening of the Center City Commuter Connection Tunnel, lines were paired such that a former Pennsylvania Railroad line was coupled with a former Reading line, resulting in route designations numbered R1 through R8.
In 1998, SEPTA ordered 155 articulated buses from Neoplan. These buses replaced the 1984 Volvo 10BM 60-foot articulated buses.
In 1986, SEPTA purchased additional Neoplans without rear wheelchair lifts.
In late 1987, SEPTA purchased additional Neoplans with rear wheelchair lifts.
In 1989, SEPTA purchased additional Neoplans with rear wheelchair lifts.
In 1991, the state legislature added four additional members to the SEPTA board, increasing their influence.
In 1992, Krapf purchased the Reeder's operation and designated the remaining (West Chester to Coatesville) bus route as Krapf Transit "Route A".
In 1993, the Norristown High Speed Line received its unique class of 26 cars known as N-5s, delivered by ABB after production difficulties.
Through late 1997, SEPTA replaced the earlier fleet of AK and BD Neoplans (8285–8581) with 400 buses built by American Ikarus and North American Bus Industries which was the same company after a 1996 reorganization.
From 1997 to 1999, Adtranz built M-4 cars for the Market–Frankford Line, representing the line's fourth generation of cars.
Through late 1997, SEPTA replaced the earlier fleet of AK and BD Neoplans (8285–8581) with 400 buses built by American Ikarus and North American Bus Industries.
In 1998, SEPTA ordered 155 articulated buses from Neoplan, replacing the 1984 Volvo 10BM 60-foot articulated buses.
In 1998, SEPTA purchased 89 29-foot Transmark-29 buses from National-Eldorado (4501–4580, 4581 received later).
From 1997 to 1999, Adtranz built M-4 cars for the Market–Frankford Line, representing the line's fourth generation of cars.
SEPTA had decided to buy from Metrotrans Legacy, SEPTA's first choice in small buses, but the company filed for bankruptcy in 1999.
The first of the 29-foot Transmark-29 buses from National-Eldorado began to arrive in late 2000.
After evaluating sample buses from New Flyer and NovaBus in 1994–96, in 2001, SEPTA ordered 100 low-floor buses (nos. 5401–5500) from New Flyer.
SEPTA delivered 525 2017–2022 NFI XDE40 hybrid buses to replace all the diesel buses that were delivered between 2001 and 2004.
Until June 2002, five SEPTA routes (29, 59, 66, 75 and 79) were operated with trackless trolleys, but were converted to diesel buses for an indefinite period starting in 2002 and 2003.
In 2003, SEPTA purchased two small groups of hybrids, 5601H–5612H.
In 2003, SEPTA retired its fleet of buses known as "cutaways", which were built on Ford van chassis and resembled airport car rental shuttles. These buses were replaced with slightly larger cutaway buses on a Freightliner truck chassis.
In 2003, SEPTA suspended trackless trolley (trolley bus) service, and the 110 AM General vehicles that served SEPTA's five routes were permanently retired.
In 2003, the PCC cars on SEPTA's Route 15 (Girard Avenue Line) were rebuilt by Brookville (and renamed PCC II) for the line's reopening, including the addition of air conditioning and a wheelchair lift.
Until June 2002, five SEPTA routes (29, 59, 66, 75 and 79) were operated with trackless trolleys, but were converted to diesel buses for an indefinite period starting in 2002 and 2003.
In 2004, SEPTA purchased two small groups of hybrids, 5831H–5850H.
SEPTA delivered 525 2017–2022 NFI XDE40 hybrid buses to replace all the diesel buses that were delivered between 2001 and 2004.
In 2021, SEPTA placed an order for 220 New Flyer XDE40 buses with an option for 120 additional buses. These buses replaced the New Flyer D40LF buses that were delivered in 2005.
In February 2006, SEPTA placed an order for 38 new low-floor trackless trolleys from New Flyer Industries.
In October 2006, the SEPTA board voted not to order additional vehicles for Routes 29 and 79, and those routes permanently became non-electric.
In early 2006, SEPTA ordered 38 new low-floor trackless trolleys from New Flyer, to replace SEPTA Neoplan EZs.
In June 2007, the pilot trackless trolley from New Flyer Industries arrived for testing.
In 2007, SEPTA bus Route 306 began service, connecting the Great Valley Corporate Center and West Chester with the Brandywine Town Center.
On April 14, 2008, trackless trolley service resumed on Routes 66 and 75.
On June 20, 2008, SEPTA received its first low-floor fleet and retired the last AN440 buses.
Between February and August 2008, the new trackless trolleys from New Flyer Industries were delivered.
In 2008, the 38 new low-floor trackless trolleys from New Flyer entered service, restoring trackless service on routes 59, 66 and 75.
In 2021, SEPTA placed an order for 220 New Flyer XDE40 buses with an option for 120 additional buses. These buses replaced the New Flyer DE40LF buses that were delivered between 2008-2009.
In the spring of 2008, trolleybus service resumed after a nearly five-year suspension.
Prior to the 2008 purchase, SEPTA was the first to purchase New Flyer DE40LFs equipped with rooftop HVAC units.
SEPTA placed an order with delivery starting in 2008 for 400 New Flyer hybrid buses—with options for up to 80 additional buses to replace the NABI Ikarus buses at the end of their 12-year life.
Starting in 2008, SEPTA's revenue from advertisements on the backs of its buses leads the authority to order mainly buses equipped with a rooftop HVAC, and with their rear route-number sign mounted on the roof, especially on 2008–2009 New Flyer DE40LFs.
In February 2009, SEPTA bus Route 113 commenced connecting bus service with DART at the Tri-State Mall, allowing service between Delaware County and Delaware, and connecting with DART First State's #13 and #61 bus at the Tri-State Mall.
Between 2009 and 2013, SEPTA was criticised for its use of sex identification markers on the SEPTA-issued monthly transit passes, as some transgender and gender-queer people had experienced discrimination related to the markers. The lobby group SEPTA Riders Against Gender Exclusion (SEPTA R.A.G.E) said that the sex identification markers had resulted in harassment, violence, and discrimination for those who did not physically match the stated sex on the pass.
In 2009, $191 million of funds made available from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 were utilized to make over 30 major improvements to the system.
In 2021, SEPTA placed an order for 220 New Flyer XDE40 buses with an option for 120 additional buses. These buses replaced the New Flyer DE40LF buses that were delivered between 2008-2009.
SEPTA continues to order buses equipped with a rooftop HVAC, and with their rear route-number sign mounted on the roof, especially on 2008–2009 New Flyer DE40LFs.
SEPTA has had more labor strikes than any other transit agency in the U.S., occurring in 1977, 1981, 1983, 1986, 1995, 1998, 2005, 2009, 2014, and 2016. There was a labor strike in 2009.
SEPTA was successfully sued in 2009 over its lack of accessibility.
In July 2010, SEPTA removed the R-numbers from the lines and began referring to the lines by the names of their termini.
On October 29, 2010, the first Silverliner V cars were introduced into service.
In 2010, SEPTA built the first Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) station at Fox Chase terminal.
In 2010, service between West Chester and Brandywine Town Center was discontinued on SEPTA bus Route 306 due to low ridership.
Most of the cars used on the lines were built between 1976 and 2011.
In July 2012, SEPTA was voted the best large transit agency in North America by the American Public Transportation Association (APTA).
As of March 19, 2013, all Silverliner V cars are in service.
The sex identification markers on SEPTA-issued monthly transit passes were stopped in June 2013.
In 2013, Act 89 was signed into law, which impacted SEPTA's funding from the Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission.
The Neoplan articulated buses have been retired since late 2015, replaced by the 2013–2016 NovaBus LFS-A HEV.
From 2014 to 2019, Ridership had decreased 13% due to increased competition, structural changes in ridership patterns, and moderate gas prices.
SEPTA has had more labor strikes than any other transit agency in the U.S., occurring in 1977, 1981, 1983, 1986, 1995, 1998, 2005, 2009, 2014, and 2016. There was a labor strike in 2014.
The Neoplan articulated buses, purchased in 1998, have been retired since late 2015 and were replaced by the 2013–2016 NovaBus LFS-A HEV.
In July 2016, a serious structural flaw was discovered in more than 95% of the Silverliner V cars in the SEPTA regional rail fleet, leading to reduced system capacity.
The loss of system capacity due to structural flaws in Silverliner V cars was expected to cause transportation issues for the Democratic National Convention being held in Philadelphia on the week of July 25, 2016.
In 2016, SEPTA launched a pilot program to replace diesel buses with battery electric buses on former trackless trolley routes 29 and 79, ordering 25 buses from Proterra, Inc. of California.
SEPTA has had more labor strikes than any other transit agency in the U.S., occurring in 1977, 1981, 1983, 1986, 1995, 1998, 2005, 2009, 2014, and 2016. There was a labor strike in 2016.
The Neoplan articulated buses have been retired since late 2015, replaced by the 2013–2016 NovaBus LFS-A HEV.
As of December 2017, SEPTA had completed an Environmental Impact Statement to extend the Norristown High Speed Line to the King of Prussia area, but the project was discontinued midway through.
In 2017, 90 Market-Frankford Line M-4 cars had emergency welding to fix cracking steel beams.
In 2017, The 25 battery electric buses from Proterra, Inc. of California were expected to enter service, returning electric propulsion to these routes after nearly 15 years of diesel operation.
SEPTA delivered 525 2017–2022 NFI XDE40 hybrid buses to replace all the diesel buses that were delivered between 2001 and 2004.
On April 30, 2018, SEPTA discontinued token sales, and the token vending machines were removed from transit stations.
As of 2018, SEPTA has the sixth-largest U.S. rapid transit system in the nation by ridership, and the fifth-largest overall transit system in the nation, with about 302 million annual unlinked trips. It controls 290 active stations, over 450 miles of track, 2,350 revenue vehicles, and 196 routes.
From 2014 to 2019, Ridership had decreased 13% due to increased competition, structural changes in ridership patterns, and moderate gas prices.
In late 2019, Route 205 (Paoli Station to Chesterbrook), formerly operated by Krapf, was merged into SEPTA's own Route 206 (Paoli Station to Great Valley).
In March 2020, a 24% decrease in ridership from 2019 to 2020 was mostly attributable to the impact of government-implemented lock-downs in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
In October 2020, SEPTA trialled the use of lean benches instead of traditional seating at some of its stations to encourage social distancing to prevent the spread the COVID-19.
In 2020, all Market-Frankford Line M-4 cars, including the ones temporarily repaired in 2017, had to have more permanent welding to fix cracking steel beams.
In 2020, sales of paper tickets for Regional Rail were discontinued.
In February 2020, SEPTA's battery electric buses were sidelined for an undisclosed reason, with sources blaming a defect in the buses' plastic chassis.
Since 2020, the PCC cars on SEPTA's Route 15 (Girard Avenue Line) are once again being rebuilt by SEPTA.
Valid paper tickets were still accepted on trains until April 1, 2021.
As of April 2, 2021, previously purchased paper tickets were no longer accepted on Regional Rail.
In August 2021, SEPTA acquired the "A" Bus from Krapf's and rebranded it to Route 135.
As of September 2021, the New York City Subway had the lowest ADA compliance rate in the nation at 28%.
In September 2021, SEPTA concluded its trial of lean benches and removed them from stations.
In September 2021, SEPTA proposed rebranding their rail transit services, including the Market–Frankford Line and Broad Street Line, as the "SEPTA Metro" to improve navigation, with new maps, station signage, and line designations.
In 2021, SEPTA placed an order for 220 New Flyer XDE40 buses with an option for 120 additional buses. These buses replaced the New Flyer D40LF buses that were delivered in 2005 and have also replaced the New Flyer DE40LF buses that were delivered between 2008-2009.
In the fiscal year of 2021, SEPTA had total operating expenses of $1,530,984,000, with the majority allocated to labor and fringe benefits.
As of February 2022, about 46% of SEPTA's subway and commuter rail stations combined are ADA-compliant.
As of June 2022, SEPTA no longer receives $180,000,000 annually from the Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission due to Act 89.
In July 2022, Charles Lawson appointed acting chief of SEPTA Transit Police. In May 2023, he was appointed chief of the Transit Police.
In August 2022, SEPTA introduced the ability to pay for transit rides using electronic tickets that can be bought through the SEPTA mobile apps for Android and iOS.
After a limited pilot program, the electronic ticket feature was released to the general public in December 2022, allowing passengers to pay for transit rides using electronic tickets bought through the SEPTA mobile apps.
SEPTA delivered 525 2017–2022 NFI XDE40 hybrid buses to replace all the diesel buses that were delivered between 2001 and 2004. Deliveries completed in 2022. SEPTA is replacing cloth seats with plastic seats on their buses that were delivered after 2008 in an effort to combat bed bug infestations.
In March 2023, the members of the SEPTA Board were listed.
In May 2023, Charles Lawson was appointed chief of the SEPTA Transit Police, after serving as acting chief since July 2022.
In June 2023, SEPTA budgeted $40 million for the SEPTA Metro rebranding project.
In July 2023, SEPTA launched a limited pilot program to allow passengers to pay for transit trips using contactless credit cards and digital wallets on NFC-enabled phones and smart watches.
On September 29, 2023, SEPTA made contactless payments available to the general public for transit rides, allowing passengers to use contactless credit cards and digital wallets on NFC-enabled phones and smart watches.
In 2023, SEPTA became the only U.S. transit authority that operates all five major types of terrestrial transit vehicles: regional commuter rail trains, rapid transit subway and elevated trains, light rail trolleys, trolleybuses, and motorbuses, after Boston discontinued its trolleybus service.
In 2023, the daily ridership on the regional rail network averaged 58,713.
In 2023, the transfer point at the Tri-State Mall for SEPTA bus Route 113 was moved to the Claymont Transportation Center.
In the 2023 fiscal year, SEPTA's funding from the Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission was reduced to $50,000,000 under Act 89.
The PCC cars on SEPTA's Route 15 (Girard Avenue Line) will be rebuilt by SEPTA and when scheduled to return in 2023, they will feature plastic seating.
Effective January 1, 2024, SEPTA no longer accepts tokens at vehicle fareboxes or fare kiosks.
As of June 2024, regional rail ridership was at 66% and transit at 75%, with a systemwide recovery rate of 74% of pre-COVID ridership.
On July 1, 2024, the ADA Paratransit Service, formerly known as CCT Connect, was renamed SEPTA Access.
On December 1, 2024, the electronic payment rate for SEPTA transit services was raised to $2.50, matching the cash base rate.
In December 2024, SEPTA began a limited pilot program to test contactless payments on Regional Rail.
In 2024, SEPTA planned the rollout of SEPTA Metro.
In 2024, SEPTA's general manager, Leslie Richards, resigned.
As of February 2025, all lettered bus routes, except Route K, have changed to number designations as part of a bus route reorganization project.
On April 4, 2025, SEPTA made contactless payments generally available on Regional Rail (excluding Trenton and West Trenton stations), becoming the first agency in the US to offer contactless payments on commuter rail.
As of April 2025, SEPTA may need to cut many routes if the Pennsylvania State Senate does not vote to give SEPTA a higher budget for 2026.
On June 26, 2025, the SEPTA board voted to cut service and raise fares amid budget deficiencies, potentially impacting bus routes, Regional Rail lines, service frequency, metro and Regional Rail hours, special services, station closures, and fares.
By June 30, 2025, SEPTA plans to distribute a further 20,000 Zero Fare Key Cards during the second year of the Zero Fare pilot program.
On September 14, 2025, the fare for SEPTA's transit services (buses, rapid transit, trolleys, and trackless trolleys) increased to $2.90.
In 2025, SEPTA announced unprecedented service cuts, reducing service on all bus and rail lines by 20% and eliminating 32 bus routes while also increasing transit fares to $2.90 per ride. A court order on September 4th halted service cuts while allowing fare increases to proceed on September 14th.
In 2025, SEPTA took over the operation of Route 204 between Paoli Regional Rail Station and Eagleview, previously operated by Krapf Transit under contract.
In 2025, a geographically accurate map of SEPTA and connecting rail transit services including regional rail, rapid transit, interurban, and trolley lines was created.
As of April 2025, SEPTA may need to cut many routes if the Pennsylvania State Senate does not vote to give SEPTA a higher budget for 2026.
Currently, SEPTA is ordering new 130 low floor streetcars that will be built and delivered by Alstom. These trolley cars are scheduled to enter service between 2027-2030.
Currently, SEPTA is ordering new 130 low floor streetcars that will be built and delivered by Alstom. These trolley cars are scheduled to enter service between 2027-2030.
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