Ferrari S.p.A. is an Italian luxury sports car manufacturer established in 1939 by Enzo Ferrari. It produced its first car in 1940 and adopted its current name in 1945. The production of road cars began in 1947. Becoming a public company in 1960, it was later a subsidiary of Fiat S.p.A. from 1963 to 2014. In 2016, Ferrari was spun off from Fiat Chrysler Automobiles. The company produces a range of supercars, grand tourers, and an SUV. Older Ferraris from the 1950s and 1960s are among the most valuable cars ever sold.
After a victory in Ravenna in 1923, Enzo Ferrari met the family of Francesco Baracca, a deceased flying ace, who suggested he adopt the Prancing Horse emblem as a good luck charm.
In 1929, Enzo Ferrari founded Scuderia Ferrari, a racing team, initially to service gentleman drivers and amateur racers.
In 1932, Enzo Ferrari first used the Prancing Horse emblem on his racing team's Alfa Romeo 8C, with a canary yellow background representing Modena.
In 1932, Scuderia Ferrari established a motorcycle racing division to scout and train future Grand Prix drivers, utilizing British motorcycles from Norton and Rudge.
In 1933, Alfa Romeo's withdrawal from racing, coupled with Enzo's connections, transformed Scuderia Ferrari into Alfa Romeo's unofficial representative on the track.
In 1935, Ferrari concluded its motorcycle racing division due to obsolescence of pushrod engines and economic troubles from the Great Depression, despite achieving three national titles and 44 victories.
Between 1929 and 1937, Scuderia Ferrari achieved significant success, winning 144 out of 225 races with top drivers.
In 1937, Scuderia Ferrari was liquidated, marking a temporary end to its independent racing operations.
In 1939, Enzo Ferrari founded Ferrari S.p.A. in Maranello, Italy, though the company wouldn't produce its first car until the following year.
In 1939, Enzo Ferrari left Alfa Romeo due to disagreements, founding his own company, Auto Avio Costruzioni, to produce his own cars.
Aside from an abortive effort in 1940, Ferrari began racing sports cars.
In 1940, Ferrari built its first car.
In 1943, under threat of Allied bombing raids during World War II, Auto Avio Costruzioni moved its factory to Maranello, where Ferrari remains to this day.
In 1945, Auto Avio Costruzioni adopted the name Ferrari, marking a new era for the company.
In 1945, the company adopted its current name, Ferrari.
In 1947, Ferrari began to produce its current line of road cars.
In 1947, Ferrari returned to Grand Prix racing, which was evolving into modern-day Formula One.
In 1947, the 125 S won six out of the ten races it participated in, marking Ferrari's successful entry into sports car racing.
In 1947, the rectangular Prancing Horse was first used on the Ferrari 125 S, the first Ferrari-branded sports car.
In 1948, Ferrari started developing cars for Formula Two and Formula Libre events, which eventually led to the creation of the Dino engine.
In 1948, Ferrari's first homebuilt Grand Prix car, the 125 F1, made its debut at the Italian Grand Prix, leading Enzo to continue the racing program.
In 1949, Ferrari achieved a significant victory at the 24 Hours of Le Mans, enhancing its reputation as a high-quality automaker.
In 1949, Ferrari introduced the 166 Inter, marking a significant move into the grand touring road car market with a four-seat berlinetta coupe.
In 1951, Ferrari achieved its first victory in an F1 series at the British Grand Prix, signaling a period of strong performance.
In 1951, Ferrari secured a victory at the Carrera Panamericana, further solidifying its reputation in the racing world.
Between 1952 and 1964, Ferrari secured six World Drivers' Championships.
Since 1952, Scuderia Ferrari has fielded fifteen champion drivers.
By 1957, just ten years after beginning to compete, Ferrari had achieved significant success in sports car racing, including multiple championships and race victories.
In 1958, Ferrari began production of its first series-produced car, the 250 GT Coupé, marking a shift towards broader market appeal.
In 1960, Ferrari became a public company, marking a significant change in its corporate structure.
In 1963, Ferrari approached Ford to become a business partner, but negotiations ultimately failed.
In 1963, Ferrari became a subsidiary of Fiat S.p.A.
In 1963, the Ford Motor Company approached Enzo Ferrari for a possible buyout, conducting audits of Ferrari's assets; however, Ferrari unilaterally cut off negotiations when he realized he would not maintain control over the company racing program.
After 1964, Ferrari's initial fortunes began to decline, leading to less consistent title wins.
Between 1952 and 1964, Ferrari secured a Constructor's Championship.
In 1964, Ferrari and John Surtees won the Formula One season in American colors (blue with a white racing stripe) while protesting the FIA's homologation requirements, racing under the North American Racing Team.
In 1964, as a result of failed negotiations with Ferrari, Henry Ford II directed his racing division to build a car capable of beating Ferrari on the world endurance circuit, leading to the production of the Ford GT40.
In 1965, Ferrari had its last consecutive victory at the 24 Hours of Le Mans.
In 1967, Ferrari introduced the V6-powered Dino 206 GT, its first production rear mid-engined car, sold under the Dino marque.
In 1967, Ferrari won another WSC title.
In 1968, Ferrari produced the 365 GTB/4, which featured streamlined styling that modernized Ferrari's design language.
In 1969, Chris Amon won the Tasman Series championship driving a Dino 246 Tasmania, marking Ferrari's final participation in non-F1 formula racing.
In 1969, Fiat acquired 50% of Ferrari's shares, marking the beginning of a significant partnership.
In 1969, as the Ford deal fell through, FIAT approached Ferrari with a more flexible proposal and purchased controlling interests in the company. Enzo Ferrari retained a 10% share.
In 1969, the North American Racing Team's entries in the final three rounds of the season marked the last time a team other than Scuderia Ferrari entered a World Championship Grand Prix with a Ferrari car.
In 1972, Ferrari won another WSC title.
In 1973, Ferrari ceased competing in sports car events due to poor revenue allocation and Formula One performance, shifting to supporting privateer teams instead.
In 1973, Ferrari introduced the flat 12 powered Berlinetta Boxer, the first rear mid-engine model to be sold under the Ferrari name.
In 1975, Niki Lauda's skill granted Ferrari a drivers' title, improving the team's performance.
In 1977, Niki Lauda's skill granted Ferrari a drivers' title, improving the team's performance.
In 1982, Ferrari won the Constructors' Championship.
In 1983, Ferrari won the Constructors' Championship.
In 1984, the Ferrari 288 GTO was introduced and is regarded by many as the first in the line of Ferrari flagship supercars.
In 1988, Enzo Ferrari died, which led to Fiat expanding its stake in Ferrari to 90%. The last car he approved was the F40.
In 1988, Enzo Ferrari, the founder of Ferrari, passed away.
In 1991, Luca Cordero di Montezemolo succeeded Enzo Ferrari as chairman, beginning a 23-year period of significant expansion and increased profitability for the company.
Since 1993, Ferrari has supported the Ferrari Challenge, a one-make championship based around the company's road lineup.
In 1996, Michael Schumacher joined the Ferrari team, marking the beginning of a highly successful era.
Since 1996, Ferrari has had a long-standing relationship with Shell Oil. Shell develops and supplies fuel and oils to the Scuderia Ferrari's Formula One and World Endurance Championship teams, as well as Ducati Corse's MotoGP and World Superbike teams.
In 1997, Ferrari launched Formula Uomo, a long term master planned effort to improve overall corporate efficiency, production and employee happiness. It became a case study in social sustainability.
Beginning in 1999, Ferrari won six consecutive constructors' titles.
Between 2000 and 2004, Michael Schumacher secured five consecutive drivers' titles for Ferrari.
Between 2003 and 2006, the team successfully groomed Felipe Massa, which led to the start of the Ferrari Driver Academy.
In 2004, Luca Cordero di Montezemolo was also the chairman of Fiat proper.
In 2004, the Ferrari Formula One car served as the styling inspiration for the cars supplied to the A1 Grand Prix series.
In the 2004 season, Ferrari was especially dominant, losing only three races.
Since 2005, Ferrari cars sold in the US may potentially have faulty brake fluid reservoir caps. In August 2022, the company recalled these vehicles over a potential for brake failure.
Between 2003 and 2006, the team successfully groomed Felipe Massa, which led to the start of the Ferrari Driver Academy.
In 2007, Kimi Räikkönen won the drivers' title for Ferrari.
In 2007 and 2008, Ferrari won two constructors' titles.
In 2008, Ferrari displayed an F430 Spider that runs on ethanol at the Detroit Auto Show, showcasing alternative fuel technology.
In 2008, Ferrari launched the Special Projects programme to revive the tradition of one-off and limited production coachbuilt models, allowing clients to create bespoke cars based on modern Ferrari road cars.
In 2008, Ferrari supplied cars with V8 engines for the A1 Grand Prix series and launched the Special Projects programme for bespoke models.
In 2008, over €200 million had been invested in Formula Uomo, Ferrari's long term master planned effort to improve overall corporate efficiency, production and employee happiness.
In 2008, the first car completed under the Special Projects programme was the SP1, which was commissioned by a Japanese business executive.
In 2009, Ferrari began the Ferrari Driver Academy, a junior driver program, following the successful grooming of Felipe Massa.
In 2009, Ferrari continued to supply cars complete with V8 engines for the A1 Grand Prix series, with the car designed by Rory Byrne and styled to resemble the 2004 Ferrari Formula One car.
At the 2010 Geneva Motor Show, Ferrari unveiled the HY-KERS Concept, a hybrid version of their flagship 599, adding over 100 horsepower to the 599 Fiorano's 612 hp.
In 2010, Ferrari produced the Millechili, their most recent concept car made in-house.
In 2010, Ferrari's focus for the Special Projects programme shifted from external coachbuilders towards creating new in-house designs for clients, following the creation of Ferrari's in-house styling centre.
In 2010, Luca Cordero di Montezemolo was the chairman of Fiat proper.
In late 2011, Ferrari announced a significant update to its customisation philosophy with the Tailor Made programme, allowing clients to collaborate with designers in Maranello for extensive personalization options.
In 2012, rosso corsa ('racing red') remained a popular choice for Ferrari cars, with 40% of cars leaving the factory painted red.
In 2014, Ferrari was still a subsidiary of Fiat S.p.A.
In 2014, Luca Cordero di Montezemolo's 23-year chairmanship of Ferrari came to an end, marking the conclusion of a transformative era for the company.
In 2014, musician Deadmau5 received a cease and desist letter from Ferrari regarding his customized 458 Italia (dubbed the "Purrari"), which featured custom badges and a Nyan Cat-themed wrap, leading to controversies over brand perception and owner restrictions.
In mid-2014, Ferrari put the flagship LaFerrari into production, featuring a hybrid system to enhance performance.
In 2015, Ferrari's head of sales stated that the company's strategy of limiting production below customer demand and internally ranking purchasers was aimed at maintaining brand value and preserving the 'Ferrari dream.'
In 2016, Ferrari was spun off from Fiat Chrysler Automobiles, the successor entity to Fiat S.p.A.
In 2017, Ferrari's Australasia CEO stated that certain customizations, such as pink paint and Pokémon-themed designs, were "against the company's ethos" and prohibited under "brand rules."
As of 2019, 5 out of 18 Ferrari Driver Academy inductees had graduated and become F1 drivers.
As of the end of 2019, the total of Ferrari built and sold cars in their whole company history is 219,062.
In 2019, Ferrari introduced their first plug-in hybrid (PHEV) model with the SF90 Stradale, marking a step towards electrification.
In 2019, Ferrari was recognized as the world's strongest brand by the financial consultancy Brand Finance, owing to its cars, enthusiast culture, and successful licensing deals.
In 2019, Scuderia Ferrari began participating in sim racing, expanding their involvement in motorsport.
In January 2020, the Italian carmaker Ferrari recalled 982 vehicles for passenger airbags due to the Takata airbag recalls. Every car involved will get a new passenger-side airbag assembly.
In June 2021, Ferrari debuted their high fashion brand with their first runway.
Beginning in 2021, Benedetto Vigna replaced Louis Camilleri as CEO of Ferrari, announcing plans to develop Ferrari's first fully electric model.
In 2021, Ferrari continued its move toward electrification by introducing the 296, a plug-in hybrid (PHEV) model.
On 8 August 2022, Ferrari recalled almost every car it's sold in the US since 2005 over a potential for brake failure. The affected cars will be fitted with a replacement cap and receive a software update.
As of May 2023, Ferrari's market capitalization was approximately US$85.5 billion.
In October 2023, Ferrari started accepting payment in cryptocurrency for its vehicles in the US with intentions to expand the scheme to Europe in 2024. The cryptocurrency payments will be immediately traded into traditional currency to avoid price swings.
In 2023, Ferrari reentered prototype sports car racing, fielding two 499P sports prototypes for the FIA World Endurance Championship.
In 2024, Ferrari plans to expand accepting payment in cryptocurrency to Europe after starting the scheme in the US in October 2023. The cryptocurrency payments will be immediately traded into traditional currency to avoid price swings.
In 2024, Ferrari repeated its feat at the 24 Hours of Le Mans, marking its first consecutive victory at the race since 1965.
In February 2025, Ferrari announced plans to unveil its first-ever fully electric car in October, promising a unique and innovative presentation.
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