Melatonin is a naturally occurring indoleamine found in diverse organisms. Discovered in 1958 by Aaron B. Lerner and his team, it was initially isolated from bovine pineal glands for its skin-lightening effects on frogs. Subsequently, it was identified as a hormone released by the brain at night. Melatonin plays a vital role in regulating the sleep-wake cycle, a key component of the circadian rhythm in vertebrates.
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