History of OpenAI in Timeline
OpenAI is an American AI research organization founded in 2015, aiming to develop safe and beneficial AGI. It's known for its GPT family of large language models, DALL-E for text-to-image generation, and Sora for text-to-video. The release of ChatGPT in 2022 significantly boosted public interest in generative AI. OpenAI is headquartered in San Francisco, California and is considered a leader in the rapidly growing field of artificial intelligence.
1994: Stargate film as Homage
In 1994, the name "Stargate" was chosen as a homage to the 1994 science fiction film, Stargate.
December 2015: First Employees Hired
In December 2015, Brockman hired nine researchers as OpenAI's first employees.
December 2015: OpenAI Founding Details
In December 2015, OpenAI was founded by Sam Altman, Elon Musk, and others, with a pledged capital of $1 billion.
April 2016: OpenAI Gym Public Beta Release
In April 2016, OpenAI released a public beta of OpenAI Gym, a platform for reinforcement learning research.
August 2016: Nvidia DGX-1 Supercomputer Gift
In August 2016, Nvidia gifted its first DGX-1 supercomputer to OpenAI.
December 2016: Universe Release
In December 2016, OpenAI released Universe, a software platform for measuring and training AI general intelligence.
2016: Altman on Technological Singularity and AI Governance
During a 2016 conversation about technological singularity, Sam Altman mentioned a plan to "allow wide swaths of the world to elect representatives to a new governance board", while Greg Brockman stated, "Our goal right now ... is to do the best thing there is to do. It's a little vague."
2016: OpenAI Releases Gym
In 2016, OpenAI announced Gym, an open-source Python library designed to facilitate the development of reinforcement learning algorithms.
2017: OpenAI Five Demonstration at The International
In 2017, OpenAI Five, a team of five OpenAI-curated bots, had its first public demonstration at The International 2017. A professional player, Dendi, lost against a bot in a live one-on-one matchup of the video game Dota 2.
2017: OpenAI Introduces RoboSumo
In 2017, OpenAI released RoboSumo, a virtual world where humanoid metalearning robot agents learn to move and push the opposing agent out of the ring through adversarial learning.
2017: Cloud Computing Expenses
In 2017, OpenAI spent $7.9 million on cloud computing, a quarter of its functional expenses.
June 11, 2018: Original Paper on Generative Pre-training Published
On June 11, 2018, Alec Radford and colleagues published a preprint on OpenAI's website about generative pre-training of a transformer-based language model, demonstrating how a generative model of language could acquire world knowledge.
June 2018: OpenAI Five Expands to Full Team
By June 2018, the ability of OpenAI Five expanded to play together as a full team of five, and they were able to defeat teams of amateur and semi-professional players.
2018: OpenAI Develops Dactyl for Object Manipulation
Developed in 2018, Dactyl uses machine learning to train a Shadow Hand, a human-like robot hand, to manipulate physical objects. In 2018, OpenAI showed that the system was able to manipulate a cube and an octagonal prism.
2018: Elon Musk Resigns from Board
In 2018, Elon Musk resigned from his Board of Directors seat at OpenAI due to potential conflict of interest related to Tesla's AI development for self-driving cars.
2018: Debate Game Launched
In 2018, OpenAI launched the Debate Game, which teaches machines to debate toy problems in front of a human judge. The purpose is to research whether such an approach may assist in auditing AI decisions and in developing explainable AI.
2018: OpenAI Releases Gym Retro
In 2018, OpenAI released Gym Retro, a platform for reinforcement learning research on video games.
2018: Dota 2 Bots Training
In 2018, training OpenAI's Dota 2 bots required renting 128,000 CPUs and 256 GPUs from Google for multiple weeks.
2018: Musk Acknowledges Risk in Advancing AI
In the early years before his 2018 departure, Elon Musk acknowledged the risk of advancing AI, suggesting empowering as many people as possible with AI to prevent any single entity from having an AI superpower.
February 2019: GPT-2 Announcement
In February 2019, OpenAI announced GPT-2, which gained attention for its ability to generate human-like text.
April 2019: OpenAI Five Defeats World Champions OG
In April 2019, OpenAI Five defeated OG, the reigning world champions of Dota 2 at the time, 2:0 in a live exhibition match in San Francisco.
November 2019: OpenAI Releases Complete Version of GPT-2
In November 2019, OpenAI released the complete version of the GPT-2 language model, after initial concerns about its potential misuse.
2019: Collected Contributions
By 2019, the collected total amount of contributions was only $130 million.
2019: MuseNet Released
In 2019, MuseNet was released as a deep neural net trained to predict subsequent musical notes in MIDI music files. It can generate songs with 10 instruments in 15 styles.
2019: OpenAI Demonstrates Dactyl Solving Rubik's Cube
In 2019, OpenAI demonstrated that Dactyl could solve a Rubik's Cube 60% of the time. The robot was able to solve the puzzle 60% of the time.
2019: Transition to Capped For-Profit
In 2019, OpenAI transitioned from non-profit to a capped for-profit model, with profit capped at 100 times any investment.
2019: Criticism of OpenAI's Decision to Withhold GPT-2
In 2019, OpenAI's initial decision to withhold GPT-2 due to potential misuse was criticized by advocates of openness, who argued that open publication was necessary to replicate the research and create countermeasures.
May 2020: Generative Pre-trained Transformer 3 (GPT-3) Described
In May 2020, Generative Pre-trained Transformer 3 (GPT-3) was first described. It is an unsupervised transformer language model and the successor to GPT-2. The full version of GPT-3 contained 175 billion parameters.
June 2020: OpenAI Announces Multi-Purpose API
In June 2020, OpenAI announced a multi-purpose API for accessing new AI models developed by OpenAI, allowing developers to call on it for any English language AI task.
June 2020: GPT-3 Private Beta
In June 2020, OpenAI initiated a two-month free private beta for GPT-3, planning to allow access through a paid cloud API afterward. GPT-3 had dramatically improved benchmark results compared to GPT-2 but OpenAI cautioned that scaling up language models could be approaching fundamental capability limitations.
September 23, 2020: GPT-3 Licensed Exclusively to Microsoft
On September 23, 2020, OpenAI licensed GPT-3 exclusively to Microsoft.
December 2020: Anthropic Establishment
Between December 2020 and January 2021, eleven employees left OpenAI to establish Anthropic.
2020: Jukebox Released
In 2020, Jukebox was released as an open-sourced algorithm to generate music with vocals. After training on 1.2 million samples, the system accepts a genre, artist, and a snippet of lyrics and outputs song samples.
2020: GPT-3 Announcement
In 2020, OpenAI announced GPT-3, a large language model trained on internet datasets, and an associated API.
2020: MuseNet Used in Ben Drowned Internet Psychological Thriller
In 2020, initial applications of MuseNet were used as early as 2020 for the internet psychological thriller Ben Drowned to create music for the titular character.
January 2021: Anthropic Establishment
Between December 2020 and January 2021, eleven employees left OpenAI to establish Anthropic.
March 2021: DALL-E Revealed
In March 2021, DALL-E, a Transformer model that creates images from textual descriptions, was revealed. DALL-E uses a 12-billion-parameter version of GPT-3 to interpret natural language inputs and generate corresponding images.
August 2021: Codex API Released in Private Beta
In August 2021, OpenAI released the Codex API in private beta. Codex, a descendant of GPT-3, is additionally trained on code from 54 million GitHub repositories and powers GitHub Copilot. According to OpenAI, the model can create working code in over a dozen programming languages, most effectively in Python.
November 2021: OpenAI Begins Sending Data to Sama
In November 2021, OpenAI began sending snippets of data to Sama for annotation to train an AI model for toxicity detection.
2021: CLIP Model Revealed
In 2021, CLIP (Contrastive Language–Image Pre-training) was revealed as a model trained to analyze the semantic similarity between text and images. It can be used for image classification.
2021: Development of Whisper and Use of YouTube Data
In 2021, OpenAI developed a speech recognition tool called Whisper and used it to transcribe over one million hours of YouTube videos for training GPT-4, raising concerns about violating YouTube's terms of service.
2021: DALL-E Introduction
In 2021, OpenAI introduced DALL-E, a deep learning model for generating images from textual descriptions.
2021: Company Value
In January 2023, OpenAI Global, LLC was in talks for funding that would value the company at $29 billion, double its 2021 value.
April 2022: DALL-E 2 Announced
In April 2022, OpenAI announced DALL-E 2, an updated version of the DALL-E model with more realistic results.
November 2022: ChatGPT Launched
In November 2022, ChatGPT was launched as an artificial intelligence tool built on top of GPT-3 that provides a conversational interface. ChatGPT reached 1 million users 5 days after its launch.
December 2022: ChatGPT Launch and Media Coverage
In December 2022, OpenAI launched a free preview of ChatGPT, receiving widespread media coverage and over a million sign-ups within five days.
December 2022: Point-E Software Published on GitHub
In December 2022, OpenAI published software for Point-E, a new rudimentary system for converting a text description into a 3-dimensional model, on GitHub.
2022: OpenAI Publishes Approach to Alignment Problem
In 2022, OpenAI published its approach to the alignment problem, anticipating that aligning AGI to human values would likely be harder than aligning current AI systems and stating that unaligned AGI could pose substantial risks to humanity.
2022: Whisper Released
In 2022, Whisper was released as a general-purpose speech recognition model. It is trained on a large dataset of diverse audio and is also a multi-task model that can perform multilingual speech recognition as well as speech translation and language identification.
2022: Gym Developments Moved to Gymnasium Library
In 2022, new developments of Gym have been moved to the library Gymnasium.
January 2023: Funding Talks and Valuation
In January 2023, OpenAI Global, LLC was in talks for funding that would value the company at $29 billion.
January 2023: Criticism for Outsourcing Data Annotation to Sama
In January 2023, OpenAI faced criticism for outsourcing the annotation of data sets to Sama, a company in Kenya, to train an AI model for toxicity detection. The annotators described themselves as mentally scarred by the content, receiving low wages for their work.
January 23, 2023: Microsoft's Investment
On January 23, 2023, Microsoft announced a new US$10 billion investment in OpenAI Global, LLC over multiple years.
February 7, 2023: Microsoft Integrates AI Technology
On February 7, 2023, Microsoft announced that it was building AI technology based on the same foundation as ChatGPT into Microsoft Bing, Edge, Microsoft 365 and other products.
March 3, 2023: Reid Hoffman Resigns from Board
On March 3, 2023, Reid Hoffman resigned from his board seat at OpenAI to avoid conflicts of interest with his investments in AI companies.
March 14, 2023: GPT-4 Release
On March 14, 2023, OpenAI released GPT-4, both as an API and as a feature of ChatGPT Plus.
March 2023: Criticism for Lack of Technical Details on GPT-4
In March 2023, OpenAI was criticized for not disclosing enough technical details about products like GPT-4, which contradicted its initial commitment to openness. OpenAI cited competitiveness and safety concerns as justification.
March 23, 2023: Codex API Support Discontinued
On March 23, 2023, OpenAI announced that they would discontinue support for Codex API.
April 2023: EU Forms Task Force on ChatGPT
In April 2023, the EU's European Data Protection Board (EDPB) created a task force on ChatGPT to cooperate and exchange information on enforcement actions, following action by the Italian data protection authority.
May 2023: ChatGPT Launched for iOS
In May 2023, OpenAI launched a user interface for ChatGPT for the App Store on iOS.
May 22, 2023: Recommendations for Superintelligence Governance
On May 22, 2023, Sam Altman, Greg Brockman and Ilya Sutskever posted recommendations for the governance of superintelligence.
June 2023: Lawsuit Claiming Illegal Data Scraping
In June 2023, a lawsuit was filed in San Francisco claiming that OpenAI scraped 300 billion words online without consent and unlawfully collected personal data to train AI models.
July 2023: ChatGPT Launched for Android
In July 2023, OpenAI launched a user interface for ChatGPT for the Play Store on Android. The app supports chat history syncing and voice input (using Whisper, OpenAI's speech recognition model).
July 2023: Superalignment Project Launch
In July 2023, OpenAI launched the superalignment project, aiming to align future superintelligences.
July 2023: Copyright Infringement Lawsuit by Authors
In July 2023, OpenAI was sued for copyright infringement by authors Sarah Silverman, Matthew Butterick, Paul Tremblay and Mona Awad.
August 2023: Acquisition of Global Illumination
In August 2023, OpenAI acquired the New York-based start-up Global Illumination.
September 2023: Authors Guild Files Class Action Lawsuit Against OpenAI
In September 2023, 17 authors, including George R. R. Martin and John Grisham, joined the Authors Guild in filing a class action lawsuit against OpenAI, alleging illegal use of copyrighted work.
September 2023: DALL-E 3 Announced
In September 2023, OpenAI announced DALL-E 3, a more powerful model better able to generate images from complex descriptions without manual prompt engineering and render complex details like hands and text.
September 2023: ChatGPT Update: Can See, Hear, and Speak
In September 2023, OpenAI announced that ChatGPT "can now see, hear, and speak". ChatGPT Plus users can upload images, while mobile app users can talk to the chatbot.
September 21, 2023: Microsoft Copilot Rebranding
On September 21, 2023, Microsoft began rebranding all variants of its Copilot to Microsoft Copilot, including the former Bing Chat and the Microsoft 365 Copilot.
October 2023: DALL-E 3 Integrated into ChatGPT Plus and Enterprise
In October 2023, OpenAI's latest image generation model, DALL-E 3, was integrated into ChatGPT Plus and ChatGPT Enterprise. The integration uses ChatGPT to write prompts for DALL-E guided by conversation with users.
October 2023: Partnership with G42
In October 2023, Sam Altman and Peng Xiao announced Open AI would let G42 deploy Open AI technology.
November 6, 2023: GPTs Launch
On November 6, 2023, OpenAI launched GPTs, allowing individuals to create customized versions of ChatGPT.
November 14, 2023: Suspension of ChatGPT Plus Sign-Ups
On November 14, 2023, OpenAI announced a temporary suspension of new sign-ups for ChatGPT Plus due to high demand.
November 2023: Sam Altman's Removal and Reinstatement as CEO
In November 2023, Sam Altman was removed as CEO of OpenAI by the board, but was reinstated five days later.
November 17, 2023: Sam Altman Removed as CEO
On November 17, 2023, Sam Altman was removed as CEO of OpenAI due to a lack of confidence from the board of directors. Mira Murati stepped in as interim CEO, and Greg Brockman resigned as president. Several senior researchers also resigned from OpenAI.
November 18, 2023: Talks of Altman Returning as CEO
On November 18, 2023, discussions about Sam Altman's potential return as CEO of OpenAI began amid pressure from investors like Microsoft and Thrive Capital. Altman considered starting a new company if reinstatement talks failed.
November 19, 2023: Altman Negotiations Fail, Shear Appointed as Interim CEO
On November 19, 2023, negotiations for Altman to return as CEO of OpenAI failed, leading to Emmett Shear replacing Mira Murati as interim CEO. An offer to Anthropic CEO Dario Amodei to replace Altman and a proposed merger were declined.
November 20, 2023: Altman and Brockman Join Microsoft
On November 20, 2023, Satya Nadella, CEO of Microsoft, announced that Sam Altman and Greg Brockman would join Microsoft to lead a new AI research team. The majority of OpenAI employees threatened to quit and join Microsoft if Altman wasn't rehired, prompting investors to consider legal action.
November 21, 2023: Altman and Brockman Return to OpenAI
On November 21, 2023, Sam Altman and Greg Brockman returned to their previous roles at OpenAI following continued negotiations. A reconstructed board was formed, including Bret Taylor (as chairman) and Lawrence Summers.
November 22, 2023: Altman's Dismissal Possibly Linked to Project Q*
On November 22, 2023, emerging reports suggested Sam Altman's dismissal may have been related to his handling of project Q*, which aimed to develop AI with logical and mathematical reasoning capabilities.
November 29, 2023: Microsoft Employee Joins OpenAI Board as Observer
On November 29, 2023, OpenAI announced that an anonymous Microsoft employee joined the board as a non-voting member to observe the company's operations.
December 2023: MS-Copilot Added to Windows and Released as Standalone App
In December 2023, Microsoft added the MS-Copilot to many installations of Windows 11 and Windows 10 and released a standalone Microsoft Copilot app for Android and iOS.
December 2023: The New York Times Sues OpenAI
In late December 2023, The New York Times sued OpenAI for copyright infringement.
2023: Projected Revenue
According to sources in December 2022, OpenAI Global, LLC projected $200 million of revenue in 2023.
2023: ChatGPT Plus and GPT-4 API Made Available
As of 2023, ChatGPT Plus is a GPT-4 backed version of ChatGPT available for a US$20 per month subscription fee. OpenAI also makes GPT-4 available to a select group of applicants through their GPT-4 API waitlist.
2023: GPT Store Launch Deferred to Early 2024
In 2023, OpenAI's GPT Store, initially slated for a 2023 launch, was deferred to an undisclosed date in early 2024.
January 10, 2024: OpenAI Lifts Ban on Military Use of ChatGPT
On January 10, 2024, OpenAI lifted its ban on using ChatGPT for military and warfare purposes, revising its policies to focus on preventing harm and weapon development.
January 2024: Partnership with Arizona State University
In January 2024, OpenAI partnered with Arizona State University to provide access to ChatGPT Enterprise.
February 15, 2024: Sora Demonstration to the Public
On February 15, 2024, OpenAI demonstrated some Sora-created high-definition videos to the public, stating that it could generate videos up to one minute long. It also shared a technical report highlighting the methods used to train the model, and the model's capabilities. It acknowledged some of its shortcomings, including struggles simulating complex physics.
February 2024: Lawsuit by The Intercept and Others
In February 2024, The Intercept, Raw Story and Alternate Media Inc. filed a copyright litigation lawsuit against OpenAI, charting a new legal strategy for digital-only publishers.
February 29, 2024: Elon Musk Lawsuit
On February 29, 2024, Elon Musk filed a lawsuit against OpenAI and CEO Sam Altman, accusing them of shifting focus from public benefit to profit maximization.
April 2024: NOYB Files Complaint Against OpenAI
In April 2024, NOYB filed a complaint with the Austrian Datenschutzbehörde against OpenAI for violating the European General Data Protection Regulation. ChatGPT gave a false birth date for a living person and denied a correction request.
May 13, 2024: GPT-4o Announced and Released
On May 13, 2024, OpenAI announced and released GPT-4o, a model capable of processing and generating text, images, and audio. GPT-4o achieved state-of-the-art results in voice, multilingual, and vision benchmarks, setting new records in audio speech recognition and translation.
May 2024: OpenAI Destroyed Training Datasets
In May 2024 it was revealed that OpenAI had destroyed its Books1 and Books2 training datasets, which were used in the training of GPT-3, and which the Authors Guild believed to have contained over 100,000 copyrighted books.
May 2024: Leadership Changes and Partnerships
In May 2024, Ilya Sutskever resigned as Chief Scientist, succeeded by Jakub Pachocki, and co-leader Jan Leike departed. OpenAI also partnered with Reddit and News Corp.
May 17, 2024: Reports of Lifelong Non-Disparagement Agreement
On May 17, 2024, a Vox article reported that OpenAI was asking departing employees to sign a lifelong non-disparagement agreement. Daniel Kokotajlo forfeited his vested equity to avoid signing it.
May 22, 2024: Agreement with News Corp to Integrate News Content
On May 22, 2024, OpenAI entered into an agreement with News Corp to integrate news content from various publications into its AI platform.
May 23, 2024: OpenAI Releases Former Employees from Non-Disparagement Agreement
On May 23, 2024, OpenAI sent a memo releasing former employees from the lifelong non-disparagement agreement.
June 2024: Partnerships, Acquisition and Board Addition
In June 2024, OpenAI partnered with Apple Inc. to integrate ChatGPT features into Apple Intelligence and iPhone, added Paul Nakasone to its board, and acquired Multi.
July 2024: Microsoft Resigns From OpenAI Board
In July 2024, Microsoft resigned from the board of OpenAI where an anonymous employee was observing the company's operations.
July 2024: Project 'Strawberry' Development
In July 2024, Reuters reported that OpenAI was developing a project, codenamed ‘Strawberry’, to enhance AI reasoning.
July 18, 2024: GPT-4o mini Released
On July 18, 2024, OpenAI released GPT-4o mini, a smaller version of GPT-4o replacing GPT-3.5 Turbo on the ChatGPT interface. OpenAI expects it to be particularly useful for enterprises, startups and developers seeking to automate services with AI agents.
July 25, 2024: SearchGPT Unveiled and Released to Test Users
On July 25, 2024, SearchGPT, a prototype search engine developed by OpenAI, was unveiled with an initial limited release to 10,000 test users. It combines traditional search engine features with generative AI capabilities.
August 2024: Musk Revives Legal Action
In August 2024, Elon Musk revived legal action against Altman and others after his initial lawsuit was dismissed earlier in the year.
August 2024: Schulman Departure and Brockman Leave
In August 2024, cofounder John Schulman left to join rival startup Anthropic, and OpenAI’s president Greg Brockman took extended leave.
September 12, 2024: o1-preview and o1-mini Models Released
On September 12, 2024, OpenAI released the o1-preview and o1-mini models, designed to take more time to think about their responses, leading to higher accuracy. These models are particularly effective in science, coding, and reasoning tasks, and were made available to ChatGPT Plus and Team members.
September 2024: Microsoft Deal with Constellation Energy to Reopen Three Mile Island
In September 2024, Microsoft entered a deal with Constellation Energy to reopen the Three Mile Island nuclear plant to supply power to its AI-driven data centers, amid rising concerns about the energy consumption of generative AI, including ChatGPT.
September 2024: Endorsement of UK AI Regulation and CTO Departure
In September 2024, OpenAI’s global affairs chief endorsed the UK's “smart” AI regulation, and CTO Mira Murati announced her departure.
October 2024: Funding Secured, Domain Acquired, and Brockman's Return
In October 2024, OpenAI secured $6.6 billion in funding, valuing it at $157 billion, acquired the domain Chat.com, and saw the return of Greg Brockman after his brief absence.
October 2024: OpenAI's Tools Considered Essential for AFRICOM
In October 2024, The Intercept revealed that OpenAI's tools are considered "essential" for AFRICOM's mission and included in a contractual agreement between the United States Department of Defense and Microsoft.
November 2024: Canadian News Outlets Sue OpenAI
In November 2024, a coalition of Canadian news outlets sued OpenAI for using their news articles to train its software without permission.
November 26, 2024: Death of Suchir Balaji
On November 26, 2024, Suchir Balaji, a former researcher at OpenAI, was found dead in his San Francisco apartment. Investigations concluded he died by suicide.
December 2024: OpenAI Partners with Anduril to Build Drone Defense Technologies
In December 2024, OpenAI announced a partnership with defense-tech company Anduril to develop drone defense technologies for the United States and its allies.
December 2024: Free ChatGPT Calling Feature Launched
In December 2024, OpenAI launched a new feature allowing users to call ChatGPT for up to 15 minutes per month for free.
December 2024: o1 Replaced o1-preview
In December 2024, OpenAI replaced o1-preview with o1.
December 2024: OpenAI Launches Sora Model and Advanced Reasoning Model
In December 2024, during the "12 Days of OpenAI" event, OpenAI launched the Sora model for ChatGPT Plus and Pro users. Also, the advanced OpenAI o1 reasoning model was launched. ChatGPT Pro, a $200/month subscription service offering unlimited o1 access and enhanced voice features, was introduced, and preliminary benchmark results for the upcoming OpenAI o3 models were shared.
December 20, 2024: o3 and o3-mini Unveiled
On December 20, 2024, OpenAI unveiled o3, the successor of the o1 reasoning model. OpenAI also unveiled o3-mini, a lighter and faster version of OpenAI o3.
December 21, 2024: o3 and o3-mini Not Available for Public Use
As of December 21, 2024, the o3 and o3-mini model were not available for public use. According to OpenAI, they are testing o3 and o3-mini.
2024: Projected Revenue
According to sources in December 2022, OpenAI Global, LLC projected $1 billion in revenue in 2024.
2024: OpenAI Rebrands and Collaborates with Broadcom
In 2024, OpenAI underwent a rebranding with a new typeface, word mark, symbol, and palette. OpenAI began collaborating with Broadcom in 2024 to design a custom AI chip for mass production in 2026.
2024: Employee Departures and Restructuring at OpenAI
In 2024, following the temporary removal of Sam Altman and his return, many employees gradually left OpenAI, including most of the original leadership team and a significant number of AI safety researchers. OpenAI also planned a restructuring to operate as a for-profit company.
2024: GPT Store Launch Deferred from 2023 to Early 2024
In 2024, the GPT Store was deferred from 2023 to an undisclosed date in early 2024, likely attributed to leadership changes in November following the initial announcement.
2024: AI Safety Researchers Departures
Throughout 2024, roughly half of the then-employed AI safety researchers left OpenAI.
January 10, 2025: Early Access Application Opportunity for o3 Models Deadline
Until January 10, 2025, safety and security researchers had the opportunity to apply for early access to the o3 and o3-mini models. The model is called o3 rather than o2 to avoid confusion with telecommunications services provider O2.
January 16, 2025: Report on Autopsy of Suchir Balaji Not Shared
As of January 16, 2025, a report from the autopsy of Suchir Balaji has not been shared with any news agency.
January 20, 2025: DeepSeek Releases DeepSeek-R1 Model
On January 20, 2025, DeepSeek released the "DeepSeek-R1" model, rivaling the performance of OpenAI's o1. DeepSeek claimed it only took $5.6 million to train the model. This news led to panic from investors and caused Nvidia to record the biggest single-day market cap loss in history.
January 21, 2025: OpenAI, Oracle, SoftBank and MGX Launch The Stargate Project
On January 21, 2025, OpenAI, Oracle, SoftBank and MGX announced the launch of The Stargate Project, a joint venture to build an AI infrastructure system in conjunction with the US government. The project takes its name from OpenAI's existing "Stargate" supercomputer project and is estimated to cost $500 billion, to be funded over the next four years.
February 2, 2025: Deep Research Agent Unveiled
On February 2, 2025, OpenAI unveiled Deep Research, an agent developed by OpenAI. It leverages the capabilities of OpenAI's o3 model to perform extensive web browsing, data analysis, and synthesis, delivering comprehensive reports within a timeframe of 5 to 30 minutes.
February 2025: OpenAI Considers Collaboration with China
In February 2025, OpenAI CEO Sam Altman expressed interest in collaborating with China despite regulatory restrictions. This shift comes in response to the growing influence of DeepSeek.
February 2025: Elon Musk's Unsolicited Bid to Buy OpenAI Rejected
In February 2025, a consortium of investors led by Elon Musk submitted a $97.4 billion unsolicited bid to buy the nonprofit that controls OpenAI. The offer was rejected on 14 February 2025, with OpenAI stating that it was not for sale.
February 2025: Release of OCME Autopsy and SFPD Police Reports
In February 2025, the OCME autopsy and SFPD police reports on Suchir Balaji's death were released, confirming suicide. The reports noted his firearm purchase history and internet searches related to brain anatomy.
February 27, 2025: GPT-4.5 (Orion) Released
On February 27, 2025, OpenAI released GPT-4.5, codenamed Orion. Sam Altman claimed that GPT-4.5 would present inaccurate information less frequently than previous models, and described it as a "giant, expensive model".
March 2025: GPT-4o Native Image Generation Feature Released
In March 2025, OpenAI released GPT-4o's native image generation feature, as an alternative to DALL-E 3.
March 2025: OpenAI Signs $11.9 Billion Agreement with CoreWeave
In March 2025, OpenAI signed an $11.9 billion agreement with CoreWeave, an Nvidia-backed, AI-focused cloud service provider. OpenAI will receive $350 million worth of CoreWeave shares and access to its AI infrastructure, including over a quarter million NVIDIA GPUs.
March 2025: o1-Pro Model Available Through OpenAI API
In March 2025, the o1-Pro model was made available through OpenAI's developer API, which was previously available to ChatGPT Pro users since December 2024.
April 9, 2025: OpenAI Countersues Elon Musk
On April 9, 2025, OpenAI countersued Elon Musk in federal court, alleging "bad-faith tactics" to slow the company’s progress and seize its innovations for his personal benefit. The countersuit seeks damages and legal measures to prevent further alleged interference.
April 14, 2025: GPT-4.1 and Smaller Models Released
On April 14, 2025, OpenAI released the GPT-4.1 model. They also released two “smaller, faster, and cheaper” models including GPT-4.1 mini and GPT-4.1 nano.
April 2025: OpenAI Corporate Structure
As of April 2025, OpenAI is led by the non-profit OpenAI, Inc., with multiple for-profit subsidiaries including OpenAI Holdings, LLC and OpenAI Global, LLC.
April 2025: OpenAI Raises $40 Billion at $300 Billion Valuation
In April 2025, OpenAI raised $40 billion at a $300 billion post-money valuation, marking the largest private technology deal on record. The financing round was led by SoftBank, with other participants including Microsoft, Coatue, Altimeter, and Thrive.
April 2025: o3 released to all paid users
In April 2025, OpenAI released o3 to all paid users. o3 has enhance reasoning and problem-solving capabilities than o1.
April 2025: Lightweight Deep Research Version Rolling Out
In April 2025, OpenAI started rolling out lightweight version of Deep Research to all its ChatGPT Free Users.
2025: Public Calls for Investigation into Balaji's Death
As of January 2025, Elon Musk, Tucker Carlson, and others publicly echoed skepticism and calls for an investigation into the death of Suchir Balaji.
2026: Smaller OpenAI Supercomputer Planned Launch
Around 2026, the fourth phase of a series of AI-related construction projects by Microsoft and OpenAI should consist in a smaller OpenAI supercomputer.
2026: Targeted Mass Production of Custom AI Chip
In 2024, OpenAI began collaborating with Broadcom to design a custom AI chip targeted for mass production in 2026, manufactured by TSMC in 3 nm node. The initiative intends to reduce OpenAI's dependence on Nvidia GPUs.
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