History of Ash Wednesday in Timeline

Ash Wednesday is a significant holy day in Western Christianity, initiating the Lenten season. Observed after Shrove Tuesday, it's a period of prayer, fasting, and repentance lasting six weeks, leading up to Easter. The day's name comes from the practice of marking the faithful with ashes, symbolizing mortality and sorrow for sins. Ash Wednesday emphasizes spiritual reflection, self-denial, and preparation for the commemoration of Christ's death and resurrection during Easter.

1923: Ash Wednesday Coincides with Valentine's Day

In 1923, Ash Wednesday coincided with Valentine's Day (February 14).

1934: Ash Wednesday Coincides with Valentine's Day

In 1934, Ash Wednesday coincided with Valentine's Day (February 14).

1943: Ash Wednesday Latest Date

In 1943, Ash Wednesday occurred on March 10, the latest possible date for the observance.

1945: Ash Wednesday Coincides with Valentine's Day

In 1945, Ash Wednesday coincided with Valentine's Day (February 14).

1969: Introduction of Alternative Formula

In 1969, the Roman Rite missal introduced an alternative formula based on Mark 1:15, "Repent, and believe in the Gospel," placing it before the older formula that reminded worshippers of their sinfulness and mortality.

1969: Revision of the Roman Rite

In 1969, the Roman Rite revision formally incorporated the blessing and imposition of ashes into the Mass and allowed for similar ceremonies outside of Mass. Laypeople were also permitted to assist in distributing ashes or to bring them to those unable to attend.

1970: Changes to Ash Distribution Ritual

In 1970, pre-1970 editions had much more elaborate instructions about the order in which the participants were to receive the ashes, but again without any indication of the form of placing the ashes on the head.

1970: Insertion of Blessing into Mass

In 1970, the rite of blessing acquired an untraditionally weak association with Psalm 51 when it was inserted into the celebration of Mass.

1984: First No Smoking Day in the UK

In 1984, the United Kingdom held its first No Smoking Day on Ash Wednesday; it is now fixed as the second Wednesday in March.

2007: 'Ashes to Go' Activities Begin

In 2007, some members of major Christian Churches in the United States began 'Ashes to Go' activities, distributing ashes in public places. Emily Mellott turned the idea into a movement.

2012: Ecumenical 'Ashes to Go' and University Outreach

In 2012, Anglicans and Catholics in parts of the United Kingdom such as Sunderland, began offering 'Ashes to Go' together. The Catholic Student Association of Kent State University also offered ashes to university students.

2013: Expansion of 'Ashes to Go'

In 2013, 'Ashes to Go' expanded beyond the United States to include churches in the United Kingdom, Canada, and South Africa.

2014: Anglican Liverpool Cathedral Offers Ashes

In 2014, Anglican Liverpool Cathedral offered to impose ashes within the church without a solemn ceremony.

2016: Saint Stephen Martyr Lutheran Church Offers Ashes to Go

In 2016, Saint Stephen Martyr Lutheran Church in Canton offered Ashes to Go for "believers whose schedules make it difficult to attend a traditional service".

2017: Drive-Through Ashes

In 2017, Father Paddy Mooney in Glenamaddy, Ireland, set up a drive-through Ashes to Go station. Urban Village United Methodist Church in Chicago also offered ashes, even to people waiting at stoplights.