A ceasefire is a temporary suspension of hostilities in a conflict, agreed upon by opposing sides. It halts aggressive actions, often facilitated through mediation by a third party. Ceasefires can occur between states or involve non-state actors, providing a pause in warfare. The duration and conditions of a ceasefire can vary greatly depending on the specific context and the goals of the parties involved.
Donald Trump announced a full ceasefire agreement between India and Pakistan after a night of intense talks. Pakistan launched military action, alleging India targeted its bases.
On December 24, 1914, during World War I, an unofficial Christmas ceasefire occurred on the Western Front. Troops from France, the United Kingdom, and Germany participated, exchanging greetings and songs between trenches, starting when German soldiers lit Christmas trees.
The Indo-Pakistani War of 1947 led to the establishment of a cease-fire line in Kashmir, which would be formalized later in the Karachi Agreement of 1949.
In 1949, the Karachi Agreement was signed by military representatives of India and Pakistan, supervised by the United Nations Commission for India and Pakistan, establishing a cease-fire line in Kashmir following the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947.
On November 29, 1952, US President-elect Dwight D. Eisenhower traveled to Korea to explore ways to end the Korean War.
On July 27, 1953, the UN Command, the Korean People's Army (KPA), and the People's Volunteer Army (PVA) signed the Korean Armistice Agreement, establishing the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ). South Korean President Syngman Rhee did not sign the agreement.
On New Year's Day, 1968, Pope Paul VI arranged a 24-hour truce in South Vietnam and the United States. However, the Viet Cong and North Vietnam broke the truce, attacking the 2nd Battalion, Republic of Vietnam Marine Division, and a U.S. Army fire support base.
On January 15, 1973, US President Richard Nixon ordered a ceasefire of the aerial bombings in North Vietnam after Henry Kissinger returned from Paris with a draft peace proposal; combat missions continued in South Vietnam.
In 1989, it was estimated that there were at least 2202 ceasefires across 66 countries in 109 civil conflicts over the period 1989–2020.
In June 1993, Iraq was bombed in response to an alleged assassination attempt of former US President George H. W. Bush by Iraqi agents while on a visit to Kuwait.
In 1998, during Operation Desert Fox, US President Bill Clinton ordered the bombing of Baghdad.
On February 8, 2005, a ceasefire was announced between Israel and the Palestinian National Authority, with both sides pledging a full cessation of violence.
In 2018, India declared a ceasefire in Kashmir Valley during Ramadan.
On June 24, 2020, 170 UN Member States and Observers signed a non-binding statement in support of the appeal for a global ceasefire as part of the United Nations' response to the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic, rising to 172 on June 25, 2020.
On July 1, 2020, the UN Security Council passed a resolution demanding a general and immediate global cessation of hostilities for at least 90 days.
By 2020, it was estimated that there were at least 2202 ceasefires across 66 countries in 109 civil conflicts over the period 1989–2020.
In May 2023, Donald Trump stated that as US president, he could end the war between Ukraine and Russia within 24 hours, claiming he had good relationships with both leaders and could easily conclude a ceasefire agreement.
On November 21, 2023, Qatar announced that they had negotiated a truce between Israel and Hamas to pause Gaza war, allow for the release of some hostages and bring more aid to Palestinian civilians. As part of the deal, 50 hostages held by Hamas were released while Israel released 150 Palestinian prisoners.
On November 26, 2024, the 2024 Israel–Hezbollah ceasefire was announced by United States President Joe Biden.
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