Jammu is a city located in the Indian-administered union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. It serves as the winter capital and is the largest city in the Jammu district. Situated on the Tawi River, Jammu is bordered by the Himalayas to the north and plains to the south, covering an area of 240 sq km. It is the second-most populous city in the union territory and is renowned as the 'City of Temples' due to its numerous ancient temples and Hindu shrines.
According to the 1941 census, the city of Jammu had a Muslim population of 30.4 per cent.
In September 1947, Pakistan suspended the old railway link to Sialkot, leaving Jammu without rail services.
During the 1947 Jammu massacres, many Muslims were killed and displaced to Pakistan.
In 1952, Jammu ceased to be the winter capital of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir, marking the end of an era.
In 1961, the Muslim population in the city of Jammu was about 17 per cent.
In 1971, Indian Railways laid the Pathankot-Jammu Tawi Broad Gauge line, re-establishing rail services to Jammu.
In October 1972, the new Jammu Tawi station opened, becoming an origination point for express trains.
In May 1988, Jammu recorded its highest temperature of 47.4 °C (117.3 °F).
Starting in 1989, Kashmiri Hindus migrated from the Kashmir Valley and settled in Jammu city.
During the 2001 census of India, Jammu was designated as a municipal committee.
Effective from 5 September 2003, Jammu's status was upgraded to a municipal corporation.
As of the 2011 census, the population of Jammu city was 502,197 with a literacy rate of 89.66%.
In 2014, the Finance Minister of India, Arun Jaitley, proposed an Indian Institute of Technology for the division.
In 2015, the Finance Minister of India, Arun Jaitley, proposed an Indian Institute of Management for the division.
In January 2016, Jammu recorded its lowest temperature of 0.5 °C (32.9 °F).
During the 2018 Sunjuwan attack, intelligence agencies suspected involvement of Rohingya Muslims in the attack.
In January 2025, the Jammu Division of Indian Railways was inaugurated, aiming to boost employment, infrastructure, tourism, and socio-economic development in the region.
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