Wales, a country within the United Kingdom, is bordered by the Irish Sea, England, the Bristol Channel, and the Celtic Sea. In 2021, its population was 3.2 million, inhabiting an area of 21,218 square kilometers with over 2,700 kilometers of coastline. The landscape is predominantly mountainous, featuring peaks like Snowdon. Located in the north temperate zone, Wales experiences a changeable, maritime climate. Cardiff serves as its capital and largest city.
In 1901, just under 50 percent of the Welsh population was able to speak the Welsh language.
The 1904–1905 Welsh Revival started through the evangelism of Evan Roberts and brought large numbers of converts, sometimes whole communities, to non-Anglican Christianity.
The 1904–1905 Welsh Revival started through the evangelism of Evan Roberts and brought large numbers of converts, sometimes whole communities, to non-Anglican Christianity.
In 1907, the Welsh Department for the Board of Education was established, marking Wales's first significant educational devolution.
By 1911 the population of Wales reached 2,421,000.
In 1911, 43.5 percent of the Welsh population was able to speak the Welsh language.
In 1913, nearly 233,000 men and women were employed in the South Wales coalfield, mining 56 million tons of coal at its peak of production.
The Church in Wales became independent from the Church of England in 1920 under the Welsh Church Act 1914.
The Church in Wales became independent from the Church of England in 1920 under the Welsh Church Act 1914.
Public healthcare in Wales was originally formed as part of the NHS structure for England and Wales by the National Health Service Act 1946.
In 1969, powers over the NHS in Wales came under the Secretary of State for Wales.
Since decimalisation in 1971, at least one of the coins in circulation has emphasized Wales.
In 1972, the population of Wales stood at 2.74 million and remained broadly static for the rest of the decade.
In 1980, the Royal Mint, responsible for issuing coinage across the UK, was based at a single site in Llantrisant.
In 1981, 18.9 percent of the Welsh population was able to speak the Welsh language.
In 1991, 18.7 per cent of the population said they could speak Welsh.
In 1995, at least one of the coins in circulation emphasised Wales.
In 1999, responsibility for NHS Wales passed to the Welsh Assembly under devolution, and is now the responsibility of the Minister for Health and Social Services.
In 2000, at least one of the coins in circulation emphasised Wales.
By 2001, the Jewish community in Wales had declined to approximately 2,000.
The results of the 2001 Census showed an increase in the number of Welsh speakers to 21 per cent of the population aged 3 and older.
Wales population census between 2001 and 2011 saw an increase of 5 percent.
In 2002, The Commercial Bank of Wales, established in Cardiff by Sir Julian Hodge in 1971, was absorbed into its parent company, Bank of Scotland.
In 2002, the Welsh economic output per head stood at 90 per cent of the EU25 average and around 80 per cent of the UK average.
In 2006, the Swansea to Cork ferry service was cancelled.
In 2006, there were seventeen district hospitals in Wales.
In June 2008, Wales became the first nation to be awarded Fairtrade status.
As at 2012, the last designs devoted to Wales saw production in 2008.
In March 2010, the Swansea to Cork ferry service was reinstated.
In the 2011 census it was recorded that the proportion of people able to speak Welsh had dropped from 20.8 per cent to 19 per cent. In 2011 the number of Welsh speakers in Wales dropped from 582,000 in 2001 to 562,000.
In the 2011 census, there were 24,000 reported Muslims in Wales, making up 0.8 per cent of the population.
Since 2011, Welsh-medium higher education has been supported by the Coleg Cymraeg Cenedlaethol (Welsh-language National College) as a delocalised federal institution.
The resident population of Wales in 2021 according to the census was 3,107,500 (1,586,600 female and 1,521,000 male), an increase of 1.4 per cent over 2011. A decreased change from the 5 percent increase between 2001 and 2011
As at 2012, the last designs devoted to Wales saw production in 2008.
In 2012, the Swansea to Cork ferry service was withdrawn again.
Since 2017, Intra-Wales flights used to run between Anglesey (Valley) and Cardiff, and were operated by Eastern Airways
In 2018/19, the UK government spent £1.75bn per year on the military in Wales, which is almost as much as Wales spends on education every year (£1.8 billion in 2018/19) and five times as much as the total amount spent on the police in Wales (£365 million).
As of 2019, the Jewish community in Wales only numbers in the hundreds.
During 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic and associated restrictions significantly impacted all sectors of the Welsh economy.
According to the 2021 census, the Welsh-speaking population of Wales aged three or older was 17.8 per cent (538,300 people).
In 2021–2022, there were 1,470 maintained schools in Wales.
The 2021 census recorded that 46.5 per cent had "No religion", more than any single religious affiliation and up from 32.1 per cent in 2011. The largest religion in Wales is Christianity, with 43.6 per cent of the population describing themselves as Christian in the 2021 census.
The National Survey for Wales in 2021–22 reported that 72 per cent of adults surveyed had good or very good general health.
The resident population of Wales in 2021 according to the census was 3,107,500 (1,586,600 female and 1,521,000 male), an increase of 1.4 per cent over 2011.
Well into 2021, the restrictions and lockdowns necessitated by the COVID-19 pandemic affected all sectors of the Welsh economy.
In June 2022, other estimates suggest that 29.7 per cent (899,500) of people aged three or older in Wales could speak Welsh.
In September 2022, Wrexham became Wales's newest and seventh city.
As of 2022, intra-Wales flights between Anglesey (Valley) and Cardiff, previously operated by Eastern Airways since 2017, are no longer available.
In 2021–22, the country had 471,131 pupils taught by 25,210 full-time equivalent teachers.
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