Cathay Pacific is the flag carrier of Hong Kong, headquartered at Hong Kong International Airport. It operates scheduled passenger and cargo services to over 190 destinations in more than 60 countries, including codeshares and joint ventures, solidifying its position as a major international airline.
Morgan Stanley decreased Cathay Pacific's price target. Cathay Pacific offered business class airfare from Tokyo to Sydney. The airline announced improvements to Wi-Fi connectivity starting in August.
In 1945, Roy Farrell purchased the airline's first aircraft, a Douglas DC-3, nicknamed Betsy, at Bush Field, New York City.
On 11 May 1946, the company relocated, flying its two planes to Hong Kong.
On 28 August 1946, The Roy Farrell Export Import Company (Hong Kong) Limited was incorporated and chartered some flights from Cathay.
On 24 September 1946, Cathay Pacific was founded by Australian Sydney H. de Kantzow and American Roy C. Farrell.
On 24 September 1946, Farrell and de Kantzow re-registered their business in Hong Kong as Cathay Pacific Airways Limited.
By 1947, Cathay Pacific had added another five DC-3s and two Vickers Catalina seaplanes to its fleet.
In 1948, a new legal person of Cathay Pacific Airways was incorporated, with John Swire & Sons (now known as Swire Group), China Navigation Company, Australian National Airways being the new shareholders.
On 28 January 1950, the company began freight services from Sydney to Shanghai, after Farrell and Russell obtained a licence to carry freight earlier that month. Its first commercial flight was a shipment of Australian goods.
In 1950, HAECO, an aeroplane repair service company, was established.
De Kantzow remained in the airline until 1951 under Swire's management.
Cathay Pacific acquired Hong Kong Airways on July 1, 1959.
In 1959, Cathay Pacific acquired Hong Kong Airways, becoming the dominant airline in Hong Kong.
Between 1962 and 1967, the airline recorded double digit growth on average every year and became one of the world's first airlines to operate international services to Fukuoka, Nagoya and Osaka in Japan.
In 1964, Cathay Pacific carried its one millionth passenger and acquired its first jet engine aircraft, the Convair 880.
In 1967, Cathay Pacific became an all jet airline with the replacement of its last Lockheed L-188 Electra with a Convair 880.
From June 1971, Cathay Pacific aircraft featured a "lettuce leaf sandwich" livery in Brunswick green and white over bare metal, along with the British flag on the empennage.
In 1971, Cathay Pacific Airways received the first Boeing aircraft 707-320B.
By 1972, Cathay Pacific had five 707s. The new aircraft color was known as Brunswick green.
Since 1972, Cathay Pacific has not had any incidents or accidents resulting in a hull loss or loss of life and has maintained a good safety reputation.
In 1974, Cathay Pacific almost purchased the McDonnell Douglas DC-10 to open a new flight route.
In 1979, Cathay Pacific acquired its first Boeing 747 and applied for traffic rights to fly to London in 1980.
Cathay Pacific's first flight to London took place on 16 July 1980.
In 1982, Cathay Pacific Airways introduced Cathay Pacific Cargo, providing cargo service. The airline's long-haul dedicated cargo services started twice a week with Hong Kong-Frankfurt-London service operated jointly with Lufthansa.
Cathay Pacific kept its service to Vancouver in 1983.
Cathay Pacific added service to San Francisco in 1986, when an industry-wide boom encouraged route growth to many European and North American centers.
In January 1990, Cathay Pacific and Swire Pacific acquired a significant shareholding in Dragonair.
Until November 1994, Cathay Pacific aircraft used a "lettuce leaf sandwich" livery in Brunswick green and white over bare metal and carried the British flag on the empennage.
In 1994 Cathay Pacific had a logo consisting of green and white stripes that were in place from the early 1970s until 1994.
In 1994, Cathay Pacific acquired a 75% stake in cargo airline Air Hong Kong and launched a program to upgrade its passenger service.
In 1996, CITIC Pacific increased its holdings in Cathay Pacific from 10% to 25%, while the Swire Group holding was reduced to 44%.
On 21 May 1998, Cathay Pacific took the first delivery of the Boeing 777-300.
Before July 1998, Cathay Pacific's chief executive officers were referred to as Managing Directors.
On 5 July 1998, Cathay Pacific operated its last flight from Kai Tak International Airport. The next day, Cathay Pacific began flights from New York John F. Kennedy International Airport to the new Hong Kong-Chek Lap Kok International Airport, with the world's first nonstop transpolar flight from New York to Hong Kong.
Cathay City, Cathay Pacific's head office located at Hong Kong International Airport, was scheduled to be built in increments between April and September 1998.
On 21 September 1998, Cathay Pacific, together with American Airlines, British Airways, Canadian Airlines, and Qantas, co-founded Oneworld airline alliance.
From 26 September to 7 October 1998, Cathay Pacific temporarily took over the domestic and international operations of Philippine Airlines during its two-week shutdown.
Cathay Pacific recorded a record HK$5 billion profit in 2000.
The year 2000 saw Cathay Pacific experience labour relations issues while completing the acquisition of Dragonair.
On 9 July 2001, Cathay Pacific fired 49 of its 1,500 pilots, a group known as "the 49ers," following a review of employment histories.
In 2001, the Hong Kong Aircrew Officers Association (HKAOA) launched a "work to rule" campaign, leading to flight cancellations due to pilots calling in sick and the airline refusing to negotiate under threat of industrial action.
In 2001, the dismissals were challenged in legal proceedings. The airline later offered terminated pilots the chance to reapply for positions with its cargo division.
In September 2006, Cathay Pacific underwent a shareholding realignment, acquiring Dragonair as a wholly owned subsidiary. CNAC and Air China acquired a 17.5 percent stake in Cathay Pacific, and Cathay Pacific doubled its shareholding in Air China to 17.5 percent. CITIC Pacific and Swire Group reduced their shareholdings to 17.5 percent and 40 percent, respectively.
In 2006, to celebrate its 60th anniversary, Cathay Pacific held a year of roadshows named the "Cathay Pacific 60th Anniversary Skyshow". Anniversary merchandise and in-flight meals served by restaurants in Hong Kong were also introduced.
Beginning in 2007, Cathay Pacific introduced self-check-in kiosks at Hong Kong International Airport and other locations, along with mobile phone check-in. Cathay Pacific also launched a mobile application on App Store and Google Play, formerly named CX Mobile.
Cathay Pacific had five types of Economy Class in 2021, different on each aircraft. From the oldest 2007 type to the newest 2021 type, each had its own unique features.
In June 2008, Cathay Pacific entered into a plea bargain with the United States Department of Justice in respect of antitrust investigations over air cargo price-fixing agreements and was fined US$60 million. The airline then set up an internal Competition Compliance Office.
In July 2008, Cathay Pacific introduced old Economy Class seats designed by B/E Aerospace, featuring a fixed back design, a 9-inch PTV, AC power, and a relocated literature pocket.
In September 2008, three of Cathay Pacific's top ten global accounts, Lehmann Brothers, AIG and Merrill Lynch, faced financial trouble.
In March 2009, Cathay Pacific reported a record full-year loss of HK$8.56 billion for 2008, including fuel-hedging losses of HK$7.6 billion and a HK$468 million charge for a price-fixing fine in the US. The airline had to scrap its final dividend.
On 11 November 2009, 18 of the 49ers succeeded in the Hong Kong Court of First Instance concerning their joint claims for breach of contract, breach of the Employment Ordinance, and defamation.
By 2009, Dragonair planned to have a dedicated cargo fleet of nine Boeing 747-400BCF aircraft operating to New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, San Francisco and Columbus. Dragonair had also acquired three Airbus A330-300 aircraft to commence services to Sydney and Seoul.
In 2009, Cathay Pacific recorded a paper fuel hedging gain but reported an operating loss due to the global economic situation. Frequencies were reduced, capital expenditure deferred, aircraft parked, and a Special Leave Scheme for staff was introduced.
In March 2010, Tony Tyler left his position as CEO at Cathay Pacific to pursue his new job at the IATA. John Slosar had succeeded as the new CEO.
In December 2010, the Court of Appeal overturned the lower court's judgment dismissing the claim for wrongful termination, but upheld the finding that Cathay Pacific wrongly sacked the 18 pilots for their union activities. The court also upheld the defamation claim, reduced damages, and modified the judgment on legal costs.
In 2010, Cathay Pacific, together with Cathay Dragon, transported nearly 27 million passengers and more than 1.8 million tons of cargo and mail.
On January 4, 2011, Cathay Pacific Cargo became the first airline operating out of Hong Kong to fully switch to e-air waybills, eliminating the need for paper documents. Cathay Pacific was selected by the International Air Transport Association (IATA) to run the e-AWB pilot program.
On March 2011, Captain John Warham, the leader of the 49er Plaintiffs, launched a book titled 'The 49ers – The True Story'.
In October 2011, the pilots were awarded leave to take their case to the Court of Final Appeal, with the matters to be decided concerning wrongful termination of contract and the level of damages for defamation.
In 2011, Cathay Pacific introduced a new business class seat featuring reverse herringbone seating in a 1-2-1 configuration. Each seat converts into a fully flat bed, with a small side cabinet and an adjustable 18.5-inch personal television.
Cathay Pacific introduced a premium economy class in March 2012 on all Airbus A350s and Boeing 777-300ERs, as well as selected Airbus A330-300s. The seat has greater pitch, and is wider with a bigger recline. It also includes a 10.6-inch personal television, an in-seat power outlet, a multi-port connector for personal devices, and extra personal storage space.
In March 2012, Cathay Pacific updated its economy class seats, replacing the older fixed back design with seats that have a six-inch recline. These seats are 17.5 inches in width and have 32 inches of pitch.
In August 2012, the case regarding wrongful termination of contract and defamation damages was heard by the Court of Final Appeal.
In September 2012, after 11 years since being sacked, the 49ers were judged to have won the 3 prime issues of their legal case: breach of contract, breach of the Employment Ordinance, and defamation. The Court of Final Appeal agreed with the Court of Appeal's methodology for reducing the defamation damages, and reinstated one month's salary for each of the 49ers.
By 2012, The phased-out old Economy Class seats introduced in July 2008, were replaced with an updated Economy Class seat on aircraft receiving Cathay Pacific's updated long-haul interior configuration.
In 2012, Cathay Pacific launched the StudioCX system, featuring movies, TV, music, an inflight map, and games, which is now found on unrefurbished A330s. The system is identical to Cathay Dragon's Entertainment (StudioKA).
Cathay Pacific's logo was updated in 2014.
In 2014, Cathay Pacific underwent the largest network expansion in recent years, adding links to Manchester, Zurich and Boston.
On November 1, 2015, Cathay Pacific unveiled a refreshed version of its previous livery, featuring a simpler paint scheme while maintaining its trademark brushwing on an all-green tail. It was first unveiled on a Boeing 777-300ER (B-KPM).
In January 2016, Cathay Pacific announced it was rebranding Dragonair as Cathay Dragon.
From September 15, 2016, Cathay Pacific decided to reintroduce fuel surcharge on many flights after its half-year net profits dropped more than 80% and it suffered HK$4.5 billion loss from wrong bets on fuel prices.
On October 8, 2016, Cathay Pacific retired their last passenger Boeing 747 (a 747–400 with reg B-HUJ) with a farewell scenic flight around Hong Kong after more than 35 years of service. Cathay operated the 747 since August 1979, when it was inaugurated on services to Australia.
During the first half of 2016, Cathay Pacific's passenger yields fell 10 per cent. In October 2016, Cathay Pacific scrapped its profit forecast for the second half of the year.
In 2016, Cathay Pacific celebrated its 70th anniversary.
In 2016, Cathay Pacific launched a new entertainment system with the new A350-900, featuring a modern design, new content, a moving map, live TV, reading materials, magazines, news, shopping, and more movies. The resolution is 4K on A321s.
In 2016, on delivery of the Airbus A350-900 fleet, Cathay Pacific introduced a new Premium Economy seat, which features a 12.1 in (31 cm) HD PTV, and improved pitch of 40 inches (100 cm).
In 2016, upon delivery of the Airbus A350s, Cathay Pacific introduced a refreshed reverse herringbone business class seat designed by Porsche Design, with HD personal televisions and additional enclosed storage space on the side.
As of 31 December 2017, Swire Group owns 45% of Cathay Pacific Airways through its subsidiary Swire Pacific Limited, making it the largest shareholder.
In 2017, Cathay Pacific invested in an upgraded website and new lounges. Wi-Fi was introduced in 2017 and planned to be retrofitted across its fleet by 2020.
In 2017, Cathay Pacific restructured its organisation and launched 13 new routes. It also brought back hot meals on the Hong Kong-Taipei route, designed an inflight menu featuring famous Hong Kong dishes, and revamped its Business Class service.
In 2017, Cathay Pacific updated the introduction for the StudioCX entertainment system.
Since 2017, all Boeing 777s were retrofitted with the long-haul economy product Recaro CL3710 seat. In addition, the fleet featured a change in configuration from 9 abreast to 10 abreast.
In March 2018, a data breach was suspected. Data of around 9.4 million passengers were compromised during the breach, with passport numbers, Hong Kong identity card numbers and credit card numbers being accessed.
In May 2018, the data breach which was suspected in March 2018 was confirmed. The data breach compromised the data of around 9.4 million passengers.
In 2018, Cathay Pacific was ranked as the 19th-largest airline group in the world by traffic.
In 2018, the Economy Class featured the HAECO Vector Y+ design.
On March 27, 2019, Cathay Pacific officially announced it would acquire HK Express for HK$4.93 billion.
In July 2019, the transaction of the acquisition of HK Express was closed, and HK Express became Cathay Pacific's wholly owned subsidiary.
During the 2019 Hong Kong protests, Cathay Pacific employees participated in protests. The Beijing government ordered Cathay to suspend any employees who participated in the protest. CEO Rupert Hogg declared his support of the government. Cathay Pacific and Cathay Dragon terminated the employment of 31 aviation professionals, or forced their resignations.
In March 2020, Cathay Pacific was fined £500,000 by the British Information Commissioner's Office (ICO) for the 2018 data breach.
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, in April 2020, Cathay Pacific's subsidiary HKExpress suspended all flight operations from March 23 to April 30, 2020, due to reduced demand. At one point during the crisis, only 582 passengers flew with Cathay Pacific in an entire day.
On June 10, 2020, Cathay Pacific and the Government of Hong Kong jointly announced a HK$39 billion recapitalisation plan and rescue package for Cathay Pacific. The Government of Hong Kong would be issued HK$19.5 billion dividend-paying preference shares and HK$1.95 billion of warrants, giving it a 6% stake.
On November 1, 2015, the airline revealed a refreshed version of its previous livery, featuring a simpler paint scheme while maintaining its trademark brushwing on an all-green tail. It was first unveiled on a Boeing 777-300ER (B-KPM). The aircraft was withdrawn from service in June 2020 amidst the COVID-19 pandemic
On October 21, 2020, Cathay Pacific announced it would shut down all operations of Cathay Dragon and merge it with its parent company due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Cathay Pacific and HK Express would take over Cathay Dragon's existing routes.
In December 2020, Cathay Pacific announced that it anticipated higher losses in the second half of the year compared to the first half, attributing the expected losses to low demand, restructuring costs, and fleet impairments.
By 2020, Cathay Pacific planned to have Wi-Fi retrofitted across its entire fleet.
In 2020, Cathay Pacific's defunct wholly-owned subsidiary airline Cathay Dragon, ceased operations.
In 2021, Cathay Pacific reported a record annual loss of US$2.8 billion for the year 2020 and announced the reduction of an additional 8,500 jobs.
In June 2021, Cathay Pacific announced that its losses in the first half of 2021 were expected to be lower than the US$1.27 billion loss in 2020, due to cost-saving measures and strong demand for cargo flights.
On April 22, 2021, Cathay Pacific started job cuts by closing its Canada pilot base. The airline also began consultations with pilots at its Australia and New Zealand bases regarding potential base closures. Pilots with Hong Kong work rights were offered employment, while others faced redundancy. Additionally, the company announced plans to review its bases in Europe and the United States later in 2021.
On May 12, 2021, Cathay Pacific declared the closure of its Frankfurt pilot base, putting approximately 50 pilots' jobs at risk. Similar to the earlier announcement regarding the Canada base, pilots with the right to live and work in Hong Kong were offered jobs, while those without such rights faced redundancy.
In June 2021, Cathay Pacific announced that its losses in the first half of 2021 were expected to be lower than the US$1.27 billion loss in 2020, due to cost-saving measures and strong demand for cargo flights.
On November 1, 2015, the airline revealed a refreshed version of its previous livery, featuring a simpler paint scheme while maintaining its trademark brushwing on an all-green tail. It was first unveiled on a Boeing 777-300ER (B-KPM). The aircraft was withdrawn from service in June 2020 amidst the COVID-19 pandemic and returned to its lessor in September 2021 at the expiration of its lease.
Cathay Pacific had five types of Economy Class in 2021, different on each aircraft. From the oldest 2007 type to the newest 2021 type, each had its own unique features.
In 2021, Cathay Pacific reported a record annual loss of US$2.8 billion for the year 2020 and announced the reduction of an additional 8,500 jobs.
In 2021, Cathay Pacific updated the cabin on the Airbus A321neo aircraft with a new business class seat design, featuring hard-shell recliner seats with divider screens and a 15.6-inch PTV.
In 2021, Cathay Pacific's Economy Class design, identical to the 2018 version, received upgrades including a 4K resolution in-flight entertainment system and a smaller LCD screen for flight information. The privacy screen was removed due to user feedback. The aircraft, originally intended for Cathay Dragon, features a Cordova red color scheme.
Before August 2022, the airline had two separate loyalty programs: The frequent flyer program called Marco Polo Club and Asia Miles, the travel reward program. Members of Cathay are automatically enrolled as Asia Miles members.
In August 2022, Cathay Pacific merged its Asia Miles and Marco Polo Club loyalty programs, providing members with a single membership for both.
On June 18, 2023, Cathay Pacific updated its freighter livery, replacing the "Cathay Pacific Cargo" text with the larger "Cathay Cargo" text, as part of Cathay Pacific's rebranding. It was first unveiled on a Boeing 747-8F (B-LJN).
From December 2023, Cathay Pacific began trimming its schedules by an average of twelve flights per day through to the end of February to avoid significant flight cancellations over the peak Lunar New Year period, due to a significant pilot shortage.
Since December 24, 2023, Cathay Pacific faced scrutiny in Hong Kong due to a series of flight cancellations, including forty flights over four days. The cancellations primarily affected routes with multiple daily services, enabling the airline to transfer booked passengers to same-day services.
In 2023, Cathay Pacific announced their “Aria Suite” business class seating option.
In 2023, Cathay Pacific collaborated with the Airport Authority Hong Kong's "World of Winners" campaign to promote tourism in Hong Kong. The airline provided some of the 500,000 tickets for the campaign, releasing them in tranches for each region. Participants were required to register for the airline's frequent flyer program and complete a registration form.
In 2023, Cathay Pacific faced significant difficulties recruiting pilots, especially senior pilots, after slashing its workforce during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Hong Kong Free Post reported that Cathay only recruited 100 new pilots in 2023.
From December 2023 to January 2024, Cathay Pacific trimmed its schedules by an average of twelve flights per day through to the end of February to avoid significant flight cancellations over the peak Lunar New Year period, due to a significant pilot shortage.
On June 24, 2024, Cathay Pacific was voted the 2024 World's Best Economy Class by Skytrax.
An Airbus A330-300 (B-HLV) was the last remaining aircraft that had the classic "Brushwing" livery until it was repainted in November 2024 after Cathay Pacific updated its freighter livery, which replaced the "Cathay Pacific Cargo" text with the larger "Cathay Cargo" text, as part of Cathay Pacific's rebranding on June 18, 2023.
Repainting for the refreshed livery that was unveiled on November 1, 2015, was completed in November 2024, with the second aircraft being a freighter aircraft, Boeing 747-400ERF (B-LIA).
On December 12, 2024, it was reported that Cathay Pacific had met its target of hiring 3,400 pilots, restoring the airline's capacity to pre-pandemic levels. The airline also planned to add another 100 pilots in January 2025.
On December 5, 2024, it was reported that Cathay Pacific would launch two direct flights to Munich, Germany, and Brussels, Belgium, in the summer of 2025. Additionally, a new route between Hong Kong and Dallas/Fort Worth was planned to commence in April 2025, becoming the airline's longest route operated four times weekly on its Airbus A350-1000.
As of 2024, Cathay Pacific is ranked as the fifth best airline in the world.
Cathay Pacific has been installing the Aria Suite on their Boeing 777-300ERs since 2024.
On December 12, 2024, it was reported that Cathay Pacific had met its target of hiring 3,400 pilots, restoring the airline's capacity to pre-pandemic levels. The airline also planned to add another 100 pilots in January 2025.
On January 8, 2025, Cathay Pacific announced its return to Rome, marking its 12th destination in Europe and second in Italy after Milan. The flight will commence on June 5, 2025, using an Airbus A350-900 aircraft.
On December 5, 2024, it was reported that Cathay Pacific would launch two direct flights to Munich, Germany, and Brussels, Belgium, in the summer of 2025. Additionally, a new route between Hong Kong and Dallas/Fort Worth was planned to commence in April 2025, becoming the airline's longest route operated four times weekly on its Airbus A350-1000.
On January 8, 2025, Cathay Pacific announced its return to Rome, marking its 12th destination in Europe and second in Italy after Milan. The flight will commence on June 5, 2025, using an Airbus A350-900 aircraft.
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