An earthquake is the shaking of the Earth's surface caused by a sudden release of energy in the lithosphere, generating seismic waves. These events vary in intensity, from imperceptible tremors to catastrophic upheavals capable of causing widespread damage and displacement. Seismic activity measures the frequency, type, and magnitude of earthquakes in a given area over time, while seismicity quantifies the rate of seismic energy release per unit volume at a specific location.
Since 1900, it has been estimated that there have been an average of 18 major earthquakes (magnitude 7.0–7.9) and one great earthquake (magnitude 8.0 or greater) per year.
In 1906, the San Andreas Fault earthquake's rupture on strike-slip faults was about half to one third as long as the lengths along subducting plate margins.
In the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, more deaths were caused by fire than by the earthquake itself, due to damaged power and gas lines and rupturing water mains.
In 1913, Beno Gutenberg located the Earth's core through analysis of seismograms.
In 1931, the number of seismic stations was about 350, which has now increased to many thousands.
In 1935, Charles Francis Richter developed the first scale for measuring earthquake magnitudes, called the Richter scale.
In 1939, the North Anatolian Fault earthquake in Turkey's rupture on strike-slip faults was about half to one third as long as the lengths along subducting plate margins.
In 1988 Saguenay earthquake and the 1946 Vancouver Island earthquake, Canada had the second highest area affected by landslides with 66,000 km.
An earthquake occurred in Alaska in 1957 within a subduction zone, showcasing a rupture length of approximately 1,000 km.
On 22 May 1960, the Chilean earthquake, reaching 9.5 magnitude, became the largest earthquake ever measured on a seismograph. Its epicenter was near Cañete, Chile.
An earthquake occurred in Chile in 1960 within a subduction zone, showcasing a rupture length of approximately 1,000 km.
The 1960 Valdivia earthquake in Chile was the largest earthquake ever recorded, with a magnitude of 9.5. The earthquake resulted in ground shaking, soil liquefaction, and tsunamis, leading to significant damage and loss of life.
In March 27 1964, the Good Friday earthquake centered in Prince William Sound, Alaska. Its energy released was approximately half of the most powerful earthquake, the 1960 Chilean earthquake.
In the 1964 Alaska earthquake, soil liquefaction caused many buildings to sink into the ground, eventually collapsing upon themselves.
The Ragged Edge, published in 1968, is a story about earthquakes that generally begin with the disaster and focus on its immediate aftermath.
Due to the 1970 Ancash earthquake, Peru had 22% of all landslide fatalities within the study. The study group consisted of 162 earthquakes (from 1772 to 2021).
Short Walk to Daylight, published in 1972, is a story about earthquakes that generally begin with the disaster and focus on its immediate aftermath.
The 1976 Tangshan earthquake in China was one of the deadliest of the 20th century, causing between 240,000 and 655,000 deaths.
Goodbye California, published in 1977, is a novel depicting the hypothetical "Big One" expected of California's San Andreas Fault someday.
During the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens, earthquakes served as an early warning of the volcanic eruption.
In 1988 Saguenay earthquake and the 1946 Vancouver Island earthquake, Canada had the second highest area affected by landslides with 66,000 km.
The memory of the great city of Kobe laid waste in 1995 shapes the portrayal of earthquakes in modern popular culture.
Richter 10, published in 1996, is a novel depicting the hypothetical "Big One" expected of California's San Andreas Fault someday.
Aftershock: Earthquake in New York, released in 1999, is a story about earthquakes that generally begin with the disaster and focus on its immediate aftermath.
The unusually wide zone of damage caused by the 2001 Kunlun earthquake has been attributed to the effects of the sonic boom developed in supershear earthquakes.
In 2002, the Denali Fault in Alaska earthquake's rupture on strike-slip faults was about half to one third as long as the lengths along subducting plate margins.
An earthquake occurred in Sumatra in 2004 within a subduction zone, showcasing a rupture length of approximately 1,000 km.
An example of an earthquake swarm is the 2004 activity at Yellowstone National Park, where a series of earthquakes struck in a specific area within a short period.
The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, while being one of the ten largest recorded earthquakes, is also one of the deadliest earthquakes in history.
Due to the 2005 Kashmir earthquake, Pakistan had 21% of all landslide fatalities within the study. The study group consisted of 162 earthquakes (from 1772 to 2021).
A Columbia University paper suggested that the 8.0 magnitude 2008 Sichuan earthquake was induced by loading from the Zipingpu Dam, though the link has not been conclusively proved.
Due to the 2008 Sichuan earthquake, China had 42% of all landslide fatalities within the study. The study group consisted of 162 earthquakes (from 1772 to 2021).
2012, published in 2009, is a novel depicting the hypothetical "Big One" expected of California's San Andreas Fault someday.
The media depictions of the 2010 Haiti earthquake highlighted the importance of not pathologizing reactions to loss, displacement, or disruption of governmental administration and services, but rather validating the reactions to support constructive problem-solving and reflection.
In 2011, gravitational records associated with the Tohoku-Oki ("Fukushima") earthquake confirmed the use of gravitational measurement for instantaneous detection of earthquakes.
The 5.7 magnitude 2011 Oklahoma earthquake is thought to have been caused by disposing wastewater from oil production into injection wells.
In August 2012, a swarm of earthquakes shook Southern California's Imperial Valley, showing the most recorded activity in the area since the 1970s.
2012, published in 2009, is a novel depicting the hypothetical "Big One" expected of California's San Andreas Fault someday.
San Andreas, published in 2015, is a novel depicting the hypothetical "Big One" expected of California's San Andreas Fault someday.
In 2016, scientists realized that gravitational measurement could provide instantaneous detection of earthquakes.
China stood out in several categories in a study group of 162 earthquakes from 1772 to 2021.
California is the most populous US state located on the...
Japan is an East Asian island country in the Pacific...
China officially the People's Republic of China PRC is located...
Yellowstone National Park primarily located in Wyoming with extensions into...
San Francisco officially the City and County of San Francisco...
Turkey officially the Republic of T rkiye is a transcontinental...
33 minutes ago Johnny Cardoso's World Cup 2026 Prospects, Tottenham Transfer Links, and MLS Documentary Release
33 minutes ago Kanye West's new song hints at Bianca Censori split; divorce implications examined.
34 minutes ago Dyson Daniels' DPOY Case: Analyst Champions Aussie's Defensive Prowess, Snyder Acknowledges
34 minutes ago OG Anunoby makes his case for Defensive Player of the Year award.
34 minutes ago Dansby Swanson: Key Player for Chicago Cubs, Potential All-Star in 2025
2 hours ago Ian Happ Reaches 1000 Games, Scores Twice, Injury Updates Before Opening Day
LeBron James nicknamed King James is a highly decorated American...
Facebook is a social media and networking service created in...
The Nintendo Switch is a video game console developed by...
Bruce Pearl is an American college basketball coach currently head...
Michael Jordan also known as MJ is a celebrated American...
Cristiano Ronaldo nicknamed CR is a Portuguese professional footballer widely...