History of Judy Garland in Timeline

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Judy Garland

Judy Garland was a celebrated American actress and singer, famous for her powerful voice and emotional performances. She achieved international stardom as Dorothy Gale in The Wizard of Oz (1939), solidifying her place as a Hollywood icon. Garland's talents spanned acting, singing, and vaudeville, showcasing her versatility and endearing her to audiences worldwide. She remains a significant figure in entertainment history.

1900: The Wizard of Oz Book Release

In 1900, L. Frank Baum's children's book "The Wizard of Oz" was released, which later served as the basis for the film starring Judy Garland.

June 10, 1922: Judy Garland Born

On June 10, 1922, Judy Garland, originally named Frances Ethel Gumm, was born. She would become a celebrated American actress, singer, and vaudevillian.

Others born on this day/year

June 1926: Relocation to Lancaster, California

In June 1926, Judy Garland's family relocated to Lancaster, California, due to rumors about her father. Her father bought a theater, and her mother focused on getting her daughters into motion pictures.

1928: Enrolled in Dance School

In 1928, The Gumm Sisters, including Judy Garland, enrolled in a dance school run by Ethel Meglin and appeared in the annual Christmas show.

1929: Film Debut in The Big Revue

In 1929, The Gumm Sisters made their film debut in a short subject called "The Big Revue," performing a song-and-dance number.

1930: Appearances in Vitaphone Shorts

In 1930, The Gumm Sisters appeared in two Vitaphone shorts: "A Holiday in Storyland," which featured Judy Garland's first on-screen solo, and "The Wedding of Jack and Jill". They also appeared together in "Bubbles".

1934: Performance at the Oriental Theater

In 1934, The Gumm Sisters performed in Chicago at the Oriental Theater with George Jessel, who encouraged them to change their name after the audience laughed at "Gumm".

1934: Possible Origin of the Name Garland

In 1934, the name "Garland" may have originated from Carole Lombard's character Lily Garland in the film "Twentieth Century", or from drama critic Robert Garland. This was around the time the Gumm Sisters were looking for a more appealing name.

1934: Name Change to Garland Sisters

In late 1934, The Gumm Sisters changed their name to The Garland Sisters. Frances also changed her name to "Judy" around this time, inspired by a Hoagy Carmichael song.

August 1935: Group Disbanded

In August 1935, The Garland Sisters broke up when Mary Jane "Suzanne" Garland married musician Lee Kahn in Reno, Nevada.

September 1935: MGM Audition and Contract

In September 1935, Louis B. Mayer asked Burton Lane to watch The Garland Sisters' vaudeville act. Shortly after, Judy Garland had an impromptu audition at Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios and was immediately signed to a contract.

November 16, 1935: Father's Hospitalization

On November 16, 1935, while preparing for a radio performance, 13-year-old Judy Garland learned that her father had been hospitalized with meningitis and his condition had worsened.

1935: Final Appearance as The Gumm Sisters

In 1935, The Gumm Sisters made their final on-screen appearance together in an MGM Technicolor short entitled "La Fiesta de Santa Barbara".

1936: Cast Opposite Deanna Durbin

In 1936, Judy Garland was cast opposite Deanna Durbin in the musical short "Every Sunday".

1937: Start of 'Innocent Years'

In 1937, Joan E. Dowlin marked the beginning of Judy Garland's 'innocent years', noting the vibrancy and exuberance in her voice.

1937: First Appearance with Mickey Rooney

In 1937, Judy Garland and Mickey Rooney first appeared together in "Thoroughbreds Don't Cry" as supporting characters.

1937: Attention of Studio Executives

In 1937, Judy Garland came to the attention of studio executives when she sang a special arrangement of "You Made Me Love You (I Didn't Want to Do It)" to Clark Gable at a birthday party.

October 13, 1938: Shooting of The Wizard of Oz Commenced

On October 13, 1938, shooting commenced for "The Wizard of Oz", starring Judy Garland as Dorothy Gale.

1938: Broadway Melody of 1938

In 1938, Judy Garland performed "You Made Me Love You (I Didn't Want to Do It)" in the all-star extravaganza "Broadway Melody of 1938", singing to a photograph of Clark Gable.

1938: Love Finds Andy Hardy

In 1938, Judy Garland was cast in "Love Finds Andy Hardy" as the girl-next-door to Mickey Rooney's character, Andy Hardy.

1938: Cast as Dorothy Gale in The Wizard of Oz

In 1938, Judy Garland, at sixteen, was cast as Dorothy Gale in "The Wizard of Oz", a film based on L. Frank Baum's children's book.

March 16, 1939: The Wizard of Oz Filming Completed

On March 16, 1939, the filming of "The Wizard of Oz" was completed, after commencing on October 13, 1938. It had a final cost of more than $2 million.

1939: The Wizard of Oz Film Release

In 1939, "The Wizard of Oz" was released, featuring Judy Garland as Dorothy Gale singing "Over the Rainbow," which became her signature song.

1939: Babes in Arms

In 1939, Judy Garland and Mickey Rooney teamed as lead characters for the first time in "Babes in Arms".

1939: Academy Juvenile Award

In 1939, Judy Garland received her only Academy Award, an Academy Juvenile Award, for her performances in 1939, including "The Wizard of Oz" and "Babes in Arms."

1939: The Wizard of Oz

In 1939, Judy Garland starred as Dorothy Gale in "The Wizard of Oz," a role that propelled her to international fame and cemented her status as a Hollywood legend.

1940: Andy Hardy Meets Debutante

In 1940, Judy Garland and Mickey Rooney appeared in "Andy Hardy Meets Debutante", continuing their successful partnership.

1940: Films Released in 1940

In 1940, Judy Garland starred in three films: "Andy Hardy Meets Debutante", "Strike Up the Band", and "Little Nellie Kelly", where she played her first adult role.

1940: Relationship with Artie Shaw

In early 1940, Judy Garland experienced her first serious adult romance with bandleader Artie Shaw, but was devastated when he eloped with Lana Turner.

July 27, 1941: Marriage to David Rose

On July 27, 1941, Judy Garland, at 19 years old, married David Rose after a period of disapproval from MGM. They moved into a house in Bel Air, Los Angeles.

1941: Life Begins for Andy Hardy

In 1941, Judy Garland and Mickey Rooney appeared in "Life Begins for Andy Hardy", as part of their series of films together.

1942: For Me and My Gal

In 1942, Judy Garland performed with Gene Kelly in his first screen appearance in "For Me and My Gal."

January 1943: Trial Separation from David Rose

In January 1943, Judy Garland and David Rose agreed to a trial separation, signaling the end of their marriage.

1943: Glamor Treatment in Presenting Lily Mars

In 1943, Judy Garland received the "glamor treatment" in "Presenting Lily Mars", being dressed in "grown-up" gowns and with her hair styled fashionably.

April 1944: Escorted General Benjamin O. Davis Sr.

In April 1944, Judy Garland escorted Brigadier General Benjamin O. Davis Sr., the first black general, to a reception honoring him.

1944: Divorce from David Rose

In 1944, Judy Garland divorced David Rose, ending their marriage after a period of separation and disapproval from MGM.

1944: Starring in Meet Me in St. Louis

In 1944, Judy Garland starred in "Meet Me in St. Louis", adding to her list of musical film credits at MGM.

1944: Successful film 'Meet Me in St. Louis'

In 1944, Judy Garland starred in one of her most successful MGM films, 'Meet Me in St. Louis'. In the movie, she introduced three standards, "The Trolley Song", "The Boy Next Door" and "Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas". The film gave her the opportunity to be the attractive leading lady and her appearance was refined by make-up artist Dorothy Ponedel.

June 15, 1945: Marriage to Vincente Minnelli

On June 15, 1945, Judy Garland married Vincente Minnelli, the director of 'Meet Me in St. Louis', after developing a relationship during filming.

1945: End of 'Innocent Years'

In 1945, Joan E. Dowlin marked the end of Judy Garland's 'innocent years', a period during which her voice was vibrant and her musical expression exuberant.

1945: Starring in 'The Clock'

In 1945, Judy Garland starred in 'The Clock', her first straight dramatic film with Robert Walker. The film was critically praised.

1945: Brief affair with Orson Welles

In early 1945, Judy Garland ended a brief affair with actor and film director Orson Welles, who was married to Rita Hayworth at the time. However, Garland and Welles remained on good terms afterwards.

March 12, 1946: Birth of daughter Liza Minnelli

On March 12, 1946, Judy Garland gave birth to her daughter Liza Minnelli.

1946: Starring in 'The Harvey Girls'

In 1946, Judy Garland starred in 'The Harvey Girls', where she introduced the Academy Award-winning song "On the Atchison, Topeka and the Santa Fe".

July 1947: First Suicide Attempt

In July 1947, during the filming of 'The Pirate', Judy Garland made her first suicide attempt by cutting her wrist with a broken glass and was placed in a private sanatorium.

September 1947: Joined Committee for the First Amendment

In September 1947, Judy Garland joined the Committee for the First Amendment in support of the Hollywood Ten during the HUAC hearings.

October 26, 1947: Participated in Hollywood Fights Back Radio Broadcast

On October 26, 1947, Judy Garland participated in the all-star radio broadcast, "Hollywood Fights Back," during which she advocated for free conscience and civil liberties.

May 1948: Release of 'The Pirate'

In May 1948, 'The Pirate' was released, becoming the first film starring Judy Garland since 'The Wizard of Oz' that did not make a profit. She co-starred for the first and only time with Fred Astaire in 'Easter Parade', which was Hollywood's highest-grossing musical.

July 18, 1948: Suspension from MGM

On July 18, 1948, Judy Garland was suspended by MGM after missing several shooting days due to a combination of prescription drugs, alcohol, and migraine headaches. She was replaced by Ginger Rogers in 'The Barkleys of Broadway'.

1948: Starring in Easter Parade

In 1948, Judy Garland starred in "Easter Parade", a part of her successful run in MGM musicals.

1948: Appearance in 'Words and Music'

In 1948, after her suspension, Judy Garland performed two songs in 'Words and Music', marking her last appearance with Mickey Rooney.

May 10, 1949: Firing from 'Annie Get Your Gun'

On May 10, 1949, Judy Garland was fired from 'Annie Get Your Gun' due to her behavior, lack of effort, and health issues. She was replaced by Betty Hutton.

1949: Starring in 'In the Good Old Summertime'

In 1949, Judy Garland starred in 'In the Good Old Summertime' with Van Johnson, replacing a pregnant June Allyson. Her daughter Liza made her film debut at the age of two and a half at the end of the film.

June 17, 1950: Suspension from 'Royal Wedding'

On June 17, 1950, Judy Garland's contract was suspended after failing to report to the set of 'Royal Wedding' on multiple occasions. She was replaced by Jane Powell.

September 1950: Departure from MGM

In September 1950, Judy Garland and MGM parted company after 15 years.

October 11, 1950: Guest on Kraft Music Hall

On October 11, 1950, Judy Garland appeared as a guest on Kraft Music Hall, hosted by Bing Crosby, following her second suicide attempt.

1950: Starring in Summer Stock

In 1950, Judy Garland starred in "Summer Stock", continuing her career as one of MGM's most bankable stars.

October 1951: Engagement at the Palace Theatre

In October 1951, Judy Garland's engagement at the Palace Theatre in Manhattan exceeded all previous records. She was honored with a Special Tony Award for her contribution to the revival of vaudeville.

1951: Concert tour of Britain and Ireland

In 1951, Judy Garland began a four-month concert tour of Britain and Ireland, playing to sold-out audiences. The successful concert tour was the first of her many comebacks.

June 8, 1952: Marriage to Sidney Luft

On June 8, 1952, Judy Garland married Sidney Luft, her tour manager and producer, in Hollister, California.

November 21, 1952: Birth of daughter Lorna Luft

On November 21, 1952, Judy Garland gave birth to her daughter Lorna Luft, who later became an actress and singer.

March 17, 1954: Principal photography wrapped on 'A Star Is Born'

On March 17, 1954, the principal photography wrapped on the movie 'A Star Is Born', starring Judy Garland. Production delays led to cost overruns and angry confrontations with Warner Bros. head Jack L. Warner.

September 29, 1954: A Star Is Born Premiere

On September 29, 1954, a TV special was filmed in Hollywood at the Pantages Theatre premiere of "A Star Is Born", where George Jessel discussed the origin of the name "Garland".

1954: Appearance in 'A Star Is Born'

In 1954, Judy Garland appeared with James Mason in the Warner Bros. film 'A Star Is Born'.

1954: A Star Is Born

In 1954, Judy Garland starred in "A Star Is Born" which was a critically acclaimed performance that earned her an Academy Award nomination.

1954: Nomination for Academy Award for Best Actress

In 1954, Judy Garland was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress for her performance in 'A Star Is Born' but did not win.

March 29, 1955: Birth of son Joey Luft

On March 29, 1955, Judy Garland gave birth to her son Joey Luft.

1955: First Television Special

In 1955, Judy Garland appeared in her first television special, the debut episode of Ford Star Jubilee, which was the first full-scale color broadcast ever on CBS.

1956: Second Television Special

In 1956, Judy Garland broadcast a live concert edition of General Electric Theater.

1956: Performances at the New Frontier Hotel in Las Vegas

In 1956, Judy Garland performed for four weeks at the New Frontier Hotel on the Las Vegas Strip, becoming the highest-paid entertainer to work in Las Vegas.

November 1959: Hospitalization for Acute Hepatitis

In November 1959, Judy Garland was hospitalized after being diagnosed with acute hepatitis, leading to fluid drainage from her body.

January 1960: Release from Hospital

In January 1960, Judy Garland was released from the hospital in weak condition after treatment for acute hepatitis. Doctors gave her a grim prognosis, suggesting she had limited time to live and might never sing again.

1960: Signed Autobiography Contract

In 1960, Judy Garland signed a contract with Random House to write her autobiography, "The Judy Garland Story," in collaboration with Fred F. Finklehoffe. She received a US$35,000 advance.

April 23, 1961: Carnegie Hall Concert

On April 23, 1961, Judy Garland's concert appearance at Carnegie Hall was a significant event, hailed as "the greatest night in show business history." The recording of the concert, "Judy at Carnegie Hall," achieved gold certification and topped the Billboard charts for 13 weeks, ultimately winning four Grammy Awards.

1961: Settlement with CBS and New Specials

In 1961, Judy Garland and CBS settled contract disputes, leading to new negotiated specials.

1961: Garland's Connection with Audiences

In 1961, Judy Garland expressed her deep love for her audience and her determination to make them enjoy her shows, feeling warmed by their positive reception.

1961: Judy at Carnegie Hall

In 1961, Judy Garland released her live album, "Judy at Carnegie Hall", which won two Grammy Awards, including Album of the Year, making her the first woman to receive the honor.

1961: Oscar nomination for 'Judgment at Nuremberg'

In 1961, Judy Garland starred in 'Judgment at Nuremberg' and received an Oscar nomination for Best Supporting Actress.

1961: Carnegie Hall Performance

In 1961, Julia Molony observed that Judy Garland's voice, while still rich with emotion, showed signs of wear from years of disappointment and hard living during her performance at Carnegie Hall.

1961: Signed Last Will

In early 1961, Judy Garland signed and sealed her last will, making generous bequests.

February 25, 1962: The Judy Garland Show Airs

On February 25, 1962, "The Judy Garland Show" aired on CBS, featuring Frank Sinatra and Dean Martin as guests.

1962: Voice Acting in 'Gay Purr-ee'

In 1962, Judy Garland voiced a role in the animated feature 'Gay Purr-ee'.

August 28, 1963: Participation in March on Washington

On August 28, 1963, Judy Garland participated in the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, advocating for civil and economic rights of African Americans.

September 16, 1963: Press Conference on 16th Street Baptist Church Bombing

On September 16, 1963, Judy Garland, along with Liza Minnelli and others, held a press conference to protest the bombing of the 16th Street Baptist Church in Birmingham, Alabama, and requested funds for the victims' families.

September 29, 1963: Debut of Weekly Series

On September 29, 1963, "The Judy Garland Show" weekly series debuted, receiving critical acclaim but lasting only one season due to various factors.

1963: Jessel on Garland's Television Show

In 1963, George Jessel appeared as a guest on Judy Garland's television show, where he offered a later explanation for the origin of the name "Garland", though its veracity was questioned.

1963: Affair with Glenn Ford

In 1963, Judy Garland had a six-month affair with actor Glenn Ford while she was doing her television show.

1963: The Judy Garland Show

In 1963, Judy Garland hosted her own Emmy-nominated television series, "The Judy Garland Show".

1963: Starring in 'A Child Is Waiting' and 'I Could Go On Singing'

In 1963, Judy Garland starred in 'A Child Is Waiting' with Burt Lancaster. Her final film role was in 'I Could Go On Singing' with Dirk Bogarde.

1963: Filed for Divorce from Sidney Luft

In 1963, Judy Garland sued Sidney Luft for divorce, citing mental cruelty and alleging physical abuse.

November 1964: Return to the London Palladium

In November 1964, Judy Garland returned to the London Palladium, performing with her daughter Liza Minnelli.

1964: The Judy Garland Show

In 1964, Judy Garland's Emmy-nominated television series, "The Judy Garland Show", aired.

1964: Australian Tour

In 1964, Judy Garland's tour of Australia ended badly; while initial Sydney concerts were successful, a delayed and poorly received performance in Melbourne led to negative press.

1964: Cancellation of The Judy Garland Show

In 1964, despite critical praise and Emmy nominations, "The Judy Garland Show" was canceled after 26 episodes due to competition and other factors.

1964: Garland Identifies Favorite Song

In 1964, while on tour, Judy Garland identified 'Over the Rainbow' as her favorite of all the songs she had ever recorded.

May 19, 1965: Divorce from Sidney Luft Finalized

On May 19, 1965, Judy Garland's divorce from Sidney Luft became final.

November 14, 1965: Marriage to Mark Herron

On November 14, 1965, Judy Garland legally married Mark Herron.

1965: Garland's Response to Gay Following

In 1965, when asked about her large gay following, Judy Garland replied, "I could care less. I sing to people!"

1966: Parted Ways with Fields and Begelman

By the fall of 1966, Judy Garland had parted ways with agents Freddie Fields and David Begelman due to mismanagement of her finances and embezzlement of her earnings.

1966: Hollywood Palace Guest Appearance Ended

In 1966, problems with Judy Garland's behavior ended her Hollywood Palace guest appearances.

February 1967: Cast in Valley of the Dolls

In February 1967, Judy Garland was cast as Helen Lawson in "Valley of the Dolls" by 20th Century Fox, but faced mistreatment and was ultimately dismissed from the film.

July 1967: Last U.S. Appearances at New York's Palace Theatre

In July 1967, Judy Garland made one of her last U.S. appearances at New York's Palace Theatre, performing with her children Lorna and Joey Luft.

March 1969: Last Concert Appearance and Marriage to Mickey Deans

In March 1969, Judy Garland made her last concert appearance in Copenhagen and married Mickey Deans in London.

June 22, 1969: Judy Garland's Death

June 22, 1969 marks the date of Judy Garland's death. She was an American actress, singer, and vaudevillian.

June 26, 1969: Remains Taken to New York City

On June 26, 1969, Mickey Deans traveled with Judy Garland's remains to New York City, where thousands paid their respects.

June 27, 1969: Judy Garland's Funeral

On June 27, 1969, Judy Garland's funeral was held, with James Mason delivering a eulogy.

1969: Garland's Death and Legacy

By 1969, the year of her death, Judy Garland had appeared in over 35 films and established herself as one of the greats of entertainment, with a lasting reputation.

1969: Death by Accidental Overdose

In 1969, Judy Garland died at the age of 47 from an accidental barbiturate overdose, after struggling with substance use disorder.

1969: NYT Obituary on Garland

In 1969, The New York Times obituarist noted that Judy Garland brought her well-publicized emotional breakdowns and career challenges onto the stage, and that her voice had changed with age.

1978: Andrea McArdle portrays Garland in 'Rainbow'

In 1978, Andrea McArdle portrayed Judy Garland in the television movie 'Rainbow'.

1978: Auction of Personal Items

In 1978, a selection of Judy Garland's personal items was auctioned off by her ex-husband Sidney Luft with the support of their daughter Lorna and their son Joey, raising US$250,000 for her heirs.

1989: US Postage Stamp (Dorothy)

In 1989, Judy Garland was honored on a U.S. postage stamp as Dorothy from The Wizard of Oz.

1992: Garland Dubbed Greatest American Entertainer

In 1992, Gerald Clarke of Architectural Digest called Judy Garland "probably the greatest American entertainer of the twentieth century".

1992: Reference in 'Happy Phantom'

In 1992, Judy Garland is referenced in Tori Amos' song 'Happy Phantom', where she is imagined taking Buddha by the hand.

1996: Reference in 'Not the Red Baron'

In 1996, Tori Amos refers to Judy Garland as 'Judy G' in her song 'Not the Red Baron'.

1997: Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award

In 1997, Judy Garland was posthumously awarded the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award, recognizing her lasting contributions to music.

June 1998: Garland Compared to Modern Pop Stars

In June 1998, Camille Paglia wrote in The New York Times that Judy Garland was a personality on a grand scale, making contemporary pop stars seem lightweight.

1998: Carnegie Hall Tribute

In 1998, Carnegie Hall hosted a two-concert tribute to Judy Garland, promoted as a tribute to the world's greatest entertainer.

1998: Garland in 'The Boy from Oz'

In 1998, Judy Garland was featured as a character in the musical 'The Boy from Oz', portrayed by Chrissy Amphlett in the original Australian production.

1999: Garland Identified as a Chameleon

In 1999, Peter Lennon writing for The Guardian, identified Judy Garland as a "chameleon" due to her ability to alternate between comedic, musical and dramatic roles.

1999: AFI's Greatest Female Screen Legends

In 1999, the American Film Institute ranked Judy Garland as the eighth-greatest female screen legend of classic Hollywood cinema, cementing her legacy.

2001: 'Life with Judy Garland: Me and My Shadows'

In 2001, Tammy Blanchard (young Judy) and Judy Davis (older Judy) portrayed Garland in the miniseries 'Life with Judy Garland: Me and My Shadows'.

2003: Garland in 'The Boy from Oz' on Broadway

In 2003, Isabel Keating portrayed Judy Garland in the Broadway production of the musical 'The Boy from Oz'.

2005: 'End of the Rainbow' Featuring Garland

In 2005, the play 'End of the Rainbow' featured Caroline O'Connor as Judy Garland and Paul Goddard as her pianist.

2006: Adrienne Barbeau in 'The Property Known as Garland'

In 2006, Adrienne Barbeau played Judy Garland in 'The Property Known as Garland'.

2006: US Postage Stamp (Vicki Lester)

In 2006, Judy Garland was again honored on a U.S. postage stamp as Vicki Lester from 'A Star Is Born'.

2006: Release of 'The Definitive Collection – Judy Garland'

In 2006, the tribute album 'The Definitive Collection – Judy Garland' was released, highlighting Garland's natural phrasing, elegant delivery, mature pathos, and powerful dramatic dynamics.

2010: 'The Judy Monologues'

In 2010, 'The Judy Monologues' initially featured male actors reciting Judy Garland's words before being revamped as a one-woman show.

2010: Garland's Enduring 'It' Quality

In 2010, Joan E. Dowlin of The Huffington Post concluded that Judy Garland possessed a distinct 'it' quality, exemplifying star charisma, musical talent, natural acting ability, and good looks.

2012: Garland as a Template

In 2012, Strassler described Judy Garland as more than an icon and comparable to Charlie Chaplin and Lucille Ball. She created a template that powers try to replicate.

2014: Unfinished Autobiography Included in Biography

In 2014, portions of Judy Garland's unfinished autobiography were included in the biography "Judy Garland on Judy Garland: Interviews and Encounters" by Randy L. Schmidt.

2015: Frog's 'Judy Garland' Single

In 2015, Frog released a single titled 'Judy Garland'.

2015: Sigrid Thornton in 'Peter Allen: Not The Boy Next Door'

In 2015, Sigrid Thornton portrayed Judy Garland in 'Peter Allen: Not The Boy Next Door'.

January 2017: Re-interment at Hollywood Forever Cemetery

In January 2017, Judy Garland's remains were moved from Ferncliff Cemetery to Hollywood Forever Cemetery in Los Angeles, at the request of her children.

2019: Renée Zellweger Wins Oscar for 'Judy'

In 2019, Renée Zellweger portrayed Judy Garland in the biopic 'Judy' and won the Academy Award for Best Actress.

June 10, 2022: Release of "Judy — A Garland Fragrance"

On June 10, 2022, the centennial of her birth, Judy Garland was honored with a perfume named after her entitled "Judy — A Garland Fragrance" created by Vincenzo Spinnato.