Judy Garland was a celebrated American actress and singer, famous for her powerful voice and emotional performances. She achieved international stardom as Dorothy Gale in The Wizard of Oz (1939), solidifying her place as a Hollywood icon. Garland's talents spanned acting, singing, and vaudeville, showcasing her versatility and endearing her to audiences worldwide. She remains a significant figure in entertainment history.
In 1900, L. Frank Baum's children's book "The Wizard of Oz" was released, which later served as the basis for the film starring Judy Garland.
On June 10, 1922, Judy Garland, originally named Frances Ethel Gumm, was born. She would become a celebrated American actress, singer, and vaudevillian.
In June 1926, Judy Garland's family relocated to Lancaster, California, due to rumors about her father. Her father bought a theater, and her mother focused on getting her daughters into motion pictures.
In 1928, The Gumm Sisters, including Judy Garland, enrolled in a dance school run by Ethel Meglin and appeared in the annual Christmas show.
In 1929, The Gumm Sisters made their film debut in a short subject called "The Big Revue," performing a song-and-dance number.
In 1930, The Gumm Sisters appeared in two Vitaphone shorts: "A Holiday in Storyland," which featured Judy Garland's first on-screen solo, and "The Wedding of Jack and Jill". They also appeared together in "Bubbles".
In 1934, The Gumm Sisters performed in Chicago at the Oriental Theater with George Jessel, who encouraged them to change their name after the audience laughed at "Gumm".
In 1934, the name "Garland" may have originated from Carole Lombard's character Lily Garland in the film "Twentieth Century", or from drama critic Robert Garland. This was around the time the Gumm Sisters were looking for a more appealing name.
In late 1934, The Gumm Sisters changed their name to The Garland Sisters. Frances also changed her name to "Judy" around this time, inspired by a Hoagy Carmichael song.
In August 1935, The Garland Sisters broke up when Mary Jane "Suzanne" Garland married musician Lee Kahn in Reno, Nevada.
In September 1935, Louis B. Mayer asked Burton Lane to watch The Garland Sisters' vaudeville act. Shortly after, Judy Garland had an impromptu audition at Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios and was immediately signed to a contract.
On November 16, 1935, while preparing for a radio performance, 13-year-old Judy Garland learned that her father had been hospitalized with meningitis and his condition had worsened.
In 1935, The Gumm Sisters made their final on-screen appearance together in an MGM Technicolor short entitled "La Fiesta de Santa Barbara".
In 1936, Judy Garland was cast opposite Deanna Durbin in the musical short "Every Sunday".
In 1937, Joan E. Dowlin marked the beginning of Judy Garland's 'innocent years', noting the vibrancy and exuberance in her voice.
In 1937, Judy Garland and Mickey Rooney first appeared together in "Thoroughbreds Don't Cry" as supporting characters.
In 1937, Judy Garland came to the attention of studio executives when she sang a special arrangement of "You Made Me Love You (I Didn't Want to Do It)" to Clark Gable at a birthday party.
On October 13, 1938, shooting commenced for "The Wizard of Oz", starring Judy Garland as Dorothy Gale.
In 1938, Judy Garland performed "You Made Me Love You (I Didn't Want to Do It)" in the all-star extravaganza "Broadway Melody of 1938", singing to a photograph of Clark Gable.
In 1938, Judy Garland was cast in "Love Finds Andy Hardy" as the girl-next-door to Mickey Rooney's character, Andy Hardy.
In 1938, Judy Garland, at sixteen, was cast as Dorothy Gale in "The Wizard of Oz", a film based on L. Frank Baum's children's book.
On March 16, 1939, the filming of "The Wizard of Oz" was completed, after commencing on October 13, 1938. It had a final cost of more than $2 million.
In 1939, "The Wizard of Oz" was released, featuring Judy Garland as Dorothy Gale singing "Over the Rainbow," which became her signature song.
In 1939, Judy Garland and Mickey Rooney teamed as lead characters for the first time in "Babes in Arms".
In 1939, Judy Garland received her only Academy Award, an Academy Juvenile Award, for her performances in 1939, including "The Wizard of Oz" and "Babes in Arms."
In 1939, Judy Garland starred as Dorothy Gale in "The Wizard of Oz," a role that propelled her to international fame and cemented her status as a Hollywood legend.
In 1940, Judy Garland and Mickey Rooney appeared in "Andy Hardy Meets Debutante", continuing their successful partnership.
In 1940, Judy Garland starred in three films: "Andy Hardy Meets Debutante", "Strike Up the Band", and "Little Nellie Kelly", where she played her first adult role.
In early 1940, Judy Garland experienced her first serious adult romance with bandleader Artie Shaw, but was devastated when he eloped with Lana Turner.
On July 27, 1941, Judy Garland, at 19 years old, married David Rose after a period of disapproval from MGM. They moved into a house in Bel Air, Los Angeles.
In 1941, Judy Garland and Mickey Rooney appeared in "Life Begins for Andy Hardy", as part of their series of films together.
In 1942, Judy Garland performed with Gene Kelly in his first screen appearance in "For Me and My Gal."
In January 1943, Judy Garland and David Rose agreed to a trial separation, signaling the end of their marriage.
In 1943, Judy Garland received the "glamor treatment" in "Presenting Lily Mars", being dressed in "grown-up" gowns and with her hair styled fashionably.
In April 1944, Judy Garland escorted Brigadier General Benjamin O. Davis Sr., the first black general, to a reception honoring him.
In 1944, Judy Garland divorced David Rose, ending their marriage after a period of separation and disapproval from MGM.
In 1944, Judy Garland starred in "Meet Me in St. Louis", adding to her list of musical film credits at MGM.
In 1944, Judy Garland starred in one of her most successful MGM films, 'Meet Me in St. Louis'. In the movie, she introduced three standards, "The Trolley Song", "The Boy Next Door" and "Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas". The film gave her the opportunity to be the attractive leading lady and her appearance was refined by make-up artist Dorothy Ponedel.
On June 15, 1945, Judy Garland married Vincente Minnelli, the director of 'Meet Me in St. Louis', after developing a relationship during filming.
In 1945, Joan E. Dowlin marked the end of Judy Garland's 'innocent years', a period during which her voice was vibrant and her musical expression exuberant.
In 1945, Judy Garland starred in 'The Clock', her first straight dramatic film with Robert Walker. The film was critically praised.
In early 1945, Judy Garland ended a brief affair with actor and film director Orson Welles, who was married to Rita Hayworth at the time. However, Garland and Welles remained on good terms afterwards.
On March 12, 1946, Judy Garland gave birth to her daughter Liza Minnelli.
In 1946, Judy Garland starred in 'The Harvey Girls', where she introduced the Academy Award-winning song "On the Atchison, Topeka and the Santa Fe".
In July 1947, during the filming of 'The Pirate', Judy Garland made her first suicide attempt by cutting her wrist with a broken glass and was placed in a private sanatorium.
In September 1947, Judy Garland joined the Committee for the First Amendment in support of the Hollywood Ten during the HUAC hearings.
On October 26, 1947, Judy Garland participated in the all-star radio broadcast, "Hollywood Fights Back," during which she advocated for free conscience and civil liberties.
In May 1948, 'The Pirate' was released, becoming the first film starring Judy Garland since 'The Wizard of Oz' that did not make a profit. She co-starred for the first and only time with Fred Astaire in 'Easter Parade', which was Hollywood's highest-grossing musical.
On July 18, 1948, Judy Garland was suspended by MGM after missing several shooting days due to a combination of prescription drugs, alcohol, and migraine headaches. She was replaced by Ginger Rogers in 'The Barkleys of Broadway'.
In 1948, Judy Garland starred in "Easter Parade", a part of her successful run in MGM musicals.
In 1948, after her suspension, Judy Garland performed two songs in 'Words and Music', marking her last appearance with Mickey Rooney.
On May 10, 1949, Judy Garland was fired from 'Annie Get Your Gun' due to her behavior, lack of effort, and health issues. She was replaced by Betty Hutton.
In 1949, Judy Garland starred in 'In the Good Old Summertime' with Van Johnson, replacing a pregnant June Allyson. Her daughter Liza made her film debut at the age of two and a half at the end of the film.
On June 17, 1950, Judy Garland's contract was suspended after failing to report to the set of 'Royal Wedding' on multiple occasions. She was replaced by Jane Powell.
In September 1950, Judy Garland and MGM parted company after 15 years.
On October 11, 1950, Judy Garland appeared as a guest on Kraft Music Hall, hosted by Bing Crosby, following her second suicide attempt.
In 1950, Judy Garland starred in "Summer Stock", continuing her career as one of MGM's most bankable stars.
In October 1951, Judy Garland's engagement at the Palace Theatre in Manhattan exceeded all previous records. She was honored with a Special Tony Award for her contribution to the revival of vaudeville.
In 1951, Judy Garland began a four-month concert tour of Britain and Ireland, playing to sold-out audiences. The successful concert tour was the first of her many comebacks.
On June 8, 1952, Judy Garland married Sidney Luft, her tour manager and producer, in Hollister, California.
On November 21, 1952, Judy Garland gave birth to her daughter Lorna Luft, who later became an actress and singer.
On March 17, 1954, the principal photography wrapped on the movie 'A Star Is Born', starring Judy Garland. Production delays led to cost overruns and angry confrontations with Warner Bros. head Jack L. Warner.
On September 29, 1954, a TV special was filmed in Hollywood at the Pantages Theatre premiere of "A Star Is Born", where George Jessel discussed the origin of the name "Garland".
In 1954, Judy Garland appeared with James Mason in the Warner Bros. film 'A Star Is Born'.
In 1954, Judy Garland starred in "A Star Is Born" which was a critically acclaimed performance that earned her an Academy Award nomination.
In 1954, Judy Garland was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress for her performance in 'A Star Is Born' but did not win.
On March 29, 1955, Judy Garland gave birth to her son Joey Luft.
In 1956, Judy Garland broadcast a live concert edition of General Electric Theater.
In November 1959, Judy Garland was hospitalized after being diagnosed with acute hepatitis, leading to fluid drainage from her body.
In January 1960, Judy Garland was released from the hospital in weak condition after treatment for acute hepatitis. Doctors gave her a grim prognosis, suggesting she had limited time to live and might never sing again.
In 1960, Judy Garland signed a contract with Random House to write her autobiography, "The Judy Garland Story," in collaboration with Fred F. Finklehoffe. She received a US$35,000 advance.
On April 23, 1961, Judy Garland's concert appearance at Carnegie Hall was a significant event, hailed as "the greatest night in show business history." The recording of the concert, "Judy at Carnegie Hall," achieved gold certification and topped the Billboard charts for 13 weeks, ultimately winning four Grammy Awards.
In 1961, Judy Garland and CBS settled contract disputes, leading to new negotiated specials.
In 1961, Judy Garland expressed her deep love for her audience and her determination to make them enjoy her shows, feeling warmed by their positive reception.
In 1961, Judy Garland released her live album, "Judy at Carnegie Hall", which won two Grammy Awards, including Album of the Year, making her the first woman to receive the honor.
In 1961, Judy Garland starred in 'Judgment at Nuremberg' and received an Oscar nomination for Best Supporting Actress.
In 1961, Julia Molony observed that Judy Garland's voice, while still rich with emotion, showed signs of wear from years of disappointment and hard living during her performance at Carnegie Hall.
In early 1961, Judy Garland signed and sealed her last will, making generous bequests.
On February 25, 1962, "The Judy Garland Show" aired on CBS, featuring Frank Sinatra and Dean Martin as guests.
In 1962, Judy Garland voiced a role in the animated feature 'Gay Purr-ee'.
On August 28, 1963, Judy Garland participated in the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, advocating for civil and economic rights of African Americans.
On September 16, 1963, Judy Garland, along with Liza Minnelli and others, held a press conference to protest the bombing of the 16th Street Baptist Church in Birmingham, Alabama, and requested funds for the victims' families.
On September 29, 1963, "The Judy Garland Show" weekly series debuted, receiving critical acclaim but lasting only one season due to various factors.
In 1963, George Jessel appeared as a guest on Judy Garland's television show, where he offered a later explanation for the origin of the name "Garland", though its veracity was questioned.
In 1963, Judy Garland had a six-month affair with actor Glenn Ford while she was doing her television show.
In 1963, Judy Garland hosted her own Emmy-nominated television series, "The Judy Garland Show".
In 1963, Judy Garland starred in 'A Child Is Waiting' with Burt Lancaster. Her final film role was in 'I Could Go On Singing' with Dirk Bogarde.
In 1963, Judy Garland sued Sidney Luft for divorce, citing mental cruelty and alleging physical abuse.
In November 1964, Judy Garland returned to the London Palladium, performing with her daughter Liza Minnelli.
In 1964, Judy Garland's Emmy-nominated television series, "The Judy Garland Show", aired.
In 1964, Judy Garland's tour of Australia ended badly; while initial Sydney concerts were successful, a delayed and poorly received performance in Melbourne led to negative press.
In 1964, despite critical praise and Emmy nominations, "The Judy Garland Show" was canceled after 26 episodes due to competition and other factors.
In 1964, while on tour, Judy Garland identified 'Over the Rainbow' as her favorite of all the songs she had ever recorded.
On May 19, 1965, Judy Garland's divorce from Sidney Luft became final.
On November 14, 1965, Judy Garland legally married Mark Herron.
In 1965, when asked about her large gay following, Judy Garland replied, "I could care less. I sing to people!"
By the fall of 1966, Judy Garland had parted ways with agents Freddie Fields and David Begelman due to mismanagement of her finances and embezzlement of her earnings.
In 1966, problems with Judy Garland's behavior ended her Hollywood Palace guest appearances.
In February 1967, Judy Garland was cast as Helen Lawson in "Valley of the Dolls" by 20th Century Fox, but faced mistreatment and was ultimately dismissed from the film.
In July 1967, Judy Garland made one of her last U.S. appearances at New York's Palace Theatre, performing with her children Lorna and Joey Luft.
In March 1969, Judy Garland made her last concert appearance in Copenhagen and married Mickey Deans in London.
June 22, 1969 marks the date of Judy Garland's death. She was an American actress, singer, and vaudevillian.
On June 26, 1969, Mickey Deans traveled with Judy Garland's remains to New York City, where thousands paid their respects.
On June 27, 1969, Judy Garland's funeral was held, with James Mason delivering a eulogy.
By 1969, the year of her death, Judy Garland had appeared in over 35 films and established herself as one of the greats of entertainment, with a lasting reputation.
In 1969, Judy Garland died at the age of 47 from an accidental barbiturate overdose, after struggling with substance use disorder.
In 1969, The New York Times obituarist noted that Judy Garland brought her well-publicized emotional breakdowns and career challenges onto the stage, and that her voice had changed with age.
In 1978, Andrea McArdle portrayed Judy Garland in the television movie 'Rainbow'.
In 1978, a selection of Judy Garland's personal items was auctioned off by her ex-husband Sidney Luft with the support of their daughter Lorna and their son Joey, raising US$250,000 for her heirs.
In 1989, Judy Garland was honored on a U.S. postage stamp as Dorothy from The Wizard of Oz.
In 1992, Gerald Clarke of Architectural Digest called Judy Garland "probably the greatest American entertainer of the twentieth century".
In 1992, Judy Garland is referenced in Tori Amos' song 'Happy Phantom', where she is imagined taking Buddha by the hand.
In 1996, Tori Amos refers to Judy Garland as 'Judy G' in her song 'Not the Red Baron'.
In 1997, Judy Garland was posthumously awarded the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award, recognizing her lasting contributions to music.
In June 1998, Camille Paglia wrote in The New York Times that Judy Garland was a personality on a grand scale, making contemporary pop stars seem lightweight.
In 1998, Carnegie Hall hosted a two-concert tribute to Judy Garland, promoted as a tribute to the world's greatest entertainer.
In 1998, Judy Garland was featured as a character in the musical 'The Boy from Oz', portrayed by Chrissy Amphlett in the original Australian production.
In 1999, Peter Lennon writing for The Guardian, identified Judy Garland as a "chameleon" due to her ability to alternate between comedic, musical and dramatic roles.
In 1999, the American Film Institute ranked Judy Garland as the eighth-greatest female screen legend of classic Hollywood cinema, cementing her legacy.
In 2001, Tammy Blanchard (young Judy) and Judy Davis (older Judy) portrayed Garland in the miniseries 'Life with Judy Garland: Me and My Shadows'.
In 2003, Isabel Keating portrayed Judy Garland in the Broadway production of the musical 'The Boy from Oz'.
In 2005, the play 'End of the Rainbow' featured Caroline O'Connor as Judy Garland and Paul Goddard as her pianist.
In 2006, Adrienne Barbeau played Judy Garland in 'The Property Known as Garland'.
In 2006, Judy Garland was again honored on a U.S. postage stamp as Vicki Lester from 'A Star Is Born'.
In 2006, the tribute album 'The Definitive Collection – Judy Garland' was released, highlighting Garland's natural phrasing, elegant delivery, mature pathos, and powerful dramatic dynamics.
In 2010, 'The Judy Monologues' initially featured male actors reciting Judy Garland's words before being revamped as a one-woman show.
In 2010, Joan E. Dowlin of The Huffington Post concluded that Judy Garland possessed a distinct 'it' quality, exemplifying star charisma, musical talent, natural acting ability, and good looks.
In 2012, Strassler described Judy Garland as more than an icon and comparable to Charlie Chaplin and Lucille Ball. She created a template that powers try to replicate.
In 2014, portions of Judy Garland's unfinished autobiography were included in the biography "Judy Garland on Judy Garland: Interviews and Encounters" by Randy L. Schmidt.
In 2015, Frog released a single titled 'Judy Garland'.
In 2015, Sigrid Thornton portrayed Judy Garland in 'Peter Allen: Not The Boy Next Door'.
In January 2017, Judy Garland's remains were moved from Ferncliff Cemetery to Hollywood Forever Cemetery in Los Angeles, at the request of her children.
In 2019, Renée Zellweger portrayed Judy Garland in the biopic 'Judy' and won the Academy Award for Best Actress.
On June 10, 2022, the centennial of her birth, Judy Garland was honored with a perfume named after her entitled "Judy — A Garland Fragrance" created by Vincenzo Spinnato.
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