Justin Trudeau, Canada's 23rd and current Prime Minister since 2015, leads the Liberal Party (since 2013). His tenure includes a prior role as Minister of Intergovernmental Affairs and Youth (2015-2018).
On October 30, 1917, Major Talbot Mercer Papineau, Justin Trudeau's fifth cousin, twice removed, was killed during the Battle of Passchendaele.
On January 28, 1933, Margaret Mary Theodora Macdonald, the first child born to a sitting Canadian Prime Minister, died. Justin Trudeau would become the second.
On June 23, 1971, the Prime Minister's Office announced that Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau's wife was pregnant and due in December.
On December 25, 1971, Justin Pierre James Trudeau was born. He would later become the 23rd Prime Minister of Canada.
On January 16, 1972, Justin Trudeau was baptized at Ottawa's Notre Dame Basilica, marking his first public appearance.
On April 14, 1972, U.S. President Richard Nixon toasted to the future Prime Minister of Canada, Justin Pierre Trudeau, during a gala hosted by Trudeau's parents.
On December 25, 1973, Justin Trudeau's younger brother, Alexandre (Sacha), was born.
On October 2, 1975, Justin Trudeau's younger brother, Michel, was born.
In 1976, Justin Trudeau was enrolled in the French immersion program at Rockcliffe Park Public School.
In 1977, Justin Trudeau's parents announced their separation when he was five years old.
In September 1979, Justin Trudeau and his brothers lived on the top floor of Stornoway while repairs were done after his father's government was defeated, and his mother purchased a new home nearby.
In October 1979, Justin Trudeau's nanny Dianne Lavergne noted that he was a 'mommy's boy' after his parents separated.
For the first time since 1979, the party that garnered the largest share of the national popular vote did not win the most seats; the Liberals under Trudeau had 33.1% of the popular vote, while the Conservatives under Andrew Scheer had 34.4%.
In February 1980, Justin Trudeau and his brothers returned to the prime minister's official residence after his father's election victory.
In 1980, the Liberal Party, achieved a significant victory in Quebec, winning 40 seats. This was the party's best performance in the province since Justin Trudeau's father led them to a near-sweep in 1980.
In June 1984, after his father's retirement, Justin Trudeau moved with his family into his father's home at 1418 Pine Avenue, Montreal, known as Cormier House.
In 1984, the Supreme Court of Ontario granted Justin Trudeau's parents a no-fault divorce.
In 1985, Atwal had previously been convicted for the assault on former BC premier Ujjal Dosanjh.
In 1986, Atwal had previously been convicted for the shooting and attempted murder of Indian Cabinet minister Malkiat Singh Sidhu.
In 1988, Justin Trudeau supported Liberal Party leader John Turner in the federal election, marking his early involvement and support for the Liberal Party.
In 1988, the Emergencies Act was enacted.
On November 13, 1998, Justin Trudeau's younger brother, Michel, died.
In 1998, after the death of his brother Michel, Justin Trudeau participated in an Alpha course and rediscovered his Catholic faith.
In August 2000, Justin Trudeau attended the Kokanee Summit, where he was accused of groping an unnamed female reporter, leading to a subsequent apology.
In October 2000, Justin Trudeau delivered a prominent eulogy at his father's state funeral, which was widely praised and rebroadcast.
In 2000, Justin Trudeau and his family started the Kokanee Glacier Alpine Campaign for winter sports safety after his brother Michel's death.
Between 2001 and 2011, SNC-Lavalin paid CA$48 million in bribes in Libya to officials in the government of Muammar Gaddafi.
In the spring of 2001, Justin Trudeau wore brownface makeup at an Arabian Nights-themed gala while he was a teacher at West Point Grey Academy.
From 2002, Justin Trudeau studied engineering at the École Polytechnique de Montréal but did not graduate.
In 2002, Justin Trudeau became the chair of the Katimavik youth program, a project initiated by a long-time family friend, Jacques Hébert. This marked an early step in his involvement in youth-focused initiatives.
In 2002, Justin Trudeau criticized the British Columbia government's decision to stop funding a public avalanche warning system.
In 2002, Justin Trudeau returned to Montreal to further his studies after teaching in Vancouver.
In 2002, Justin Trudeau served as a panelist on CBC Radio's Canada Reads series, where he championed Wayne Johnston's novel, "The Colony of Unrequited Dreams". This appearance highlighted his interest in Canadian literature and culture.
In June 2003, Justin Trudeau reconnected with Sophie Grégoire, his brother's childhood friend, when they co-hosted a charity ball, leading to them dating.
In 2003, Justin Trudeau, along with Olympian Charmaine Crooks, co-hosted a tribute to outgoing prime minister Jean Chrétien at the Liberal Party's leadership convention, indicating his increasing involvement in the party.
In 2003, a CBC book included Justin Trudeau's eulogy in its list of significant Canadian events from the past fifty years.
In April 2004, Justin Trudeau and his brother Alexandre inaugurated the Trudeau Centre for Peace and Conflict Studies at the University of Toronto, which later became part of the Munk School of Global Affairs, demonstrating their commitment to academic research in peace and conflict resolution.
In October 2004, Justin Trudeau and Sophie Grégoire became engaged.
In 2004, Justin Trudeau started a master's degree in environmental geography at McGill but withdrew to seek public office.
On May 28, 2005, Justin Trudeau married Sophie Grégoire in a ceremony at Montreal's Sainte-Madeleine d'Outremont Church.
In 2005, Justin Trudeau actively opposed a proposed $100 million zinc mine, arguing that it would poison the Nahanni River, a United Nations World Heritage Site. He emphasized the river's magnificence and the inappropriateness of mining in that location.
On September 17, 2006, Justin Trudeau served as the master of ceremonies at a Toronto rally organized by Roméo Dallaire, advocating for Canadian involvement in resolving the Darfur crisis. This event showcased his engagement with international humanitarian issues.
In October 2006, Justin Trudeau voiced criticism of Quebec nationalism, generally describing political nationalism as outdated and irrelevant to modern Quebec, leading to controversy and debate within the Liberal Party.
In 2006, Justin Trudeau concluded his tenure as the chair of the Katimavik youth program, a role he had held since 2002. This period marked an early chapter in his career, focusing on youth development and engagement.
In 2006, Justin Trudeau hosted the presentation ceremony for the Giller Prize for literature, further showcasing his involvement in and support for Canadian literary achievements.
In 2006, Justin Trudeau supported Gerard Kennedy for the leadership of the Liberal Party and introduced him during the candidates' final speeches. After Kennedy withdrew, Trudeau supported Stéphane Dion, the eventual winner.
In 2006, Justin Trudeau was appointed as chair of the Liberal Party's Task Force on Youth Renewal.
In 2006, after the Liberal Party's defeat in the federal election, Justin Trudeau was appointed to chair a task force on youth renewal, signaling his growing influence within the party and focus on engaging younger demographics.
In 2006, the Papineau riding, which had been held by the Liberal Party for 53 years, fell to the Bloc Québécois, setting the stage for Trudeau's later attempt to win back the riding for the Liberals.
On April 29, 2007, Justin Trudeau secured the Liberal party's nomination in Papineau, defeating Mary Deros and Basilio Giordano. This victory marked a significant step towards his entry into federal politics.
In 2007, Justin Trudeau starred in the CBC Television miniseries 'The Great War', portraying Major Talbot Mercer Papineau.
In early 2007, amid rumors of running in Outremont, Justin Trudeau announced his intention to seek the Liberal nomination in the Papineau riding for the next general election, signaling his ambition to enter federal politics.
On October 14, 2008, Justin Trudeau was narrowly elected as the Member of Parliament for Papineau, defeating incumbent Vivian Barbot of the Bloc Québécois. This victory marked his entry into federal politics and the beginning of his parliamentary career.
In December 2008, Michael Ignatieff was named leader of the Liberal Party after Justin Trudeau did not enter the race, despite being seen as a potential candidate.
After Stéphane Dion's resignation as Liberal leader in 2008, Justin Trudeau's name was mentioned as a potential candidate. Polls showed him as a favorite among Canadians for the position, highlighting his rising profile.
Following the 2008 election, in which the Conservative Party won a minority government, Justin Trudeau entered parliament as a member of the Official Opposition, beginning his role as a legislator.
In 2008, Justin Trudeau stated he enjoyed camping with his father the most, because that was where his father was just a dad.
In 2008, Justin Trudeau was elected to represent the riding of Papineau in the House of Commons.
In April 2009, Justin Trudeau co-chaired the Liberal Party's national convention in Vancouver, indicating his growing influence and involvement within the party's organizational activities.
In 2009, Canada had failed an attempt to join the Security Council under Prime Minister Stephen Harper.
In 2009, Justin Trudeau became the Liberal Party's Official Opposition critic for youth and multiculturalism.
In 2009, Justin Trudeau reflected on his parents' marriage, stating they loved each other passionately but his mother was never an equal partner in his father's life of duty and country.
In September 2010, Justin Trudeau was reassigned as the Liberal Party's critic for youth, citizenship, and immigration. During this time, he voiced concerns about the government's legislation targeting human smuggling, arguing it would penalize the victims.
During the leadership campaign in November 2012, comments Justin Trudeau had made in a 2010 interview surfaced, where he stated, "Canada isn't doing well right now because it's Albertans who control our community and socio-democratic agenda."
In 2010, Justin Trudeau advocated for increased Canadian relief efforts following the Haiti earthquake. He sought more accessible immigration procedures for Haitians moving to Canada during the crisis, reflecting his engagement with humanitarian issues.
In 2010, Justin Trudeau became the critic for citizenship and immigration.
As of August 2011, the first numbered company Trudeau and his brothers were given by their father had assets of $1.2 million.
After the Liberal Party's poor showing in the 2011 election, and Michael Ignatieff's subsequent resignation, Justin Trudeau was again considered a potential candidate to lead the party. This speculation marked a significant moment in his career.
Between 2001 and 2011, SNC-Lavalin paid CA$48 million in bribes in Libya to officials in the government of Muammar Gaddafi.
In 2011, Justin Trudeau stated that his personal faith is an extremely important part of who he is and the values he tries to lead with.
In 2011, Justin Trudeau was appointed as a critic for secondary education and sport.
In the 2011 federal election, Justin Trudeau was re-elected in Papineau. However, the Liberal Party experienced a significant setback, falling to third-party standing in the House of Commons with only thirty-four seats.
Justin Trudeau led the Liberals to a decisive victory in the federal election on October 19, 2015. The Liberals won 184 of the 338 seats, with 39.5% of the popular vote, for a strong majority government; a gain of 150 seats compared to the 2011 federal election.
On March 31, 2012, Justin Trudeau participated in a charity boxing match against Conservative senator Patrick Brazeau for the Fight for the Cure event, and won in the third round. The result was considered an upset victory.
In June 2012, after interim leader Bob Rae announced he would not be entering the race, Justin Trudeau received a "tsunami" of calls from supporters to reconsider his earlier decision not to seek the leadership.
In July 2012, Justin Trudeau stated that he would reconsider his earlier decision not to seek the Liberal leadership and would announce his final decision at the end of the summer. This reconsideration marked a pivotal moment in his political career.
On September 26, 2012, multiple media outlets began reporting that Justin Trudeau would launch his bid for the leadership of the Liberal Party the following week, although he faced criticism for his perceived lack of substance.
On October 2, 2012, Justin Trudeau officially launched his campaign for the leadership of the Liberal Party at a rally in Montreal, assembling a campaign team composed of longtime friends and experienced political advisors.
On November 26, 2012, three by-elections were held. A week before, Sun Media reported on comments Justin Trudeau had made in a 2010 interview with Télé-Québec, in which he said, "Canada isn't doing well right now because it's Albertans who control our community and socio-democratic agenda."
On March 13, 2013, Marc Garneau withdrew from the Liberal Party leadership race, citing polling data that indicated he could not defeat Justin Trudeau.
On April 14, 2013, Justin Trudeau was declared the winner of the Liberal Party leadership election, receiving 80.1% of the votes. This victory marked a significant turning point in his political career, positioning him as the leader of the Liberal Party.
Weeks after the 2011 election, it was decided that the Liberal Party leadership convention would be held in April 2013.
In June 2013, two months after becoming leader of the Liberal Party, Justin Trudeau and his wife sold their Montreal home and moved to a rented home in Ottawa's Rockcliffe Park.
In July 2013, Justin Trudeau fulfilled a campaign pledge by setting up a blind trust with BMO Private Banking for his assets, excluding real estate holdings, setting an example for transparency among opposition leaders.
In 2013, Justin Trudeau became the leader of the Liberal Party of Canada.
In 2013, Justin Trudeau gave up his seat at Nelson Mandela's funeral, deferring to Irwin Cotler as the representative of the Liberal Party of Canada, in recognition of Cotler's work with Nelson Mandela in fighting apartheid.
In 2013, Justin Trudeau was elected leader of the Liberal Party.
On August 18, 2014, Sophie Grégoire and the couple's children were home when an intruder broke into their house and left a threatening note.
In 2014, ahead of the Liberal party convention, Justin Trudeau launched an internet video titled "An economy that benefits us all", narrating his economic platform and advocating for Ottawa to "step up" due to reduced debt-to-GDP ratios.
Justin Trudeau led the Liberals to a decisive victory in the federal election on October 19, 2015. The Liberals won 184 of the 338 seats, with 39.5% of the popular vote, for a strong majority government; a gain of 150 seats compared to the 2011 federal election.
On November 4, 2015, Justin Trudeau and his Cabinet were officially sworn in by Governor General David Johnston.
On November 5, 2015, during the first Liberal caucus meeting since forming a majority government, the party announced the reinstatement of the mandatory long-form census, effective with the 2016 census, after it had been scrapped in 2010.
On December 3, 2015, Justin Trudeau announced that his primary legislative goal was to reduce taxes for middle-income Canadians while increasing taxes for the top 1% of earners after parliament reconvened.
After his electoral victory in 2015, Trudeau opted to live at Rideau Cottage, on the grounds of Rideau Hall.
In 2015, Justin Trudeau became the 23rd Prime Minister of Canada and also served as the Minister of Intergovernmental Affairs and Youth.
In 2015, Justin Trudeau led the Liberal Party to a majority government in the federal election, becoming Prime Minister.
In 2015, Trudeau told the New York Times Magazine that Canada could be the "first postnational state".
In 2015, asylum claims by Mexicans were at 110.
In November 2016, Trudeau was criticized for his fundraising tactics, which were seen as "cash for access" schemes.
In 2016, Canada introduced the right to medically-assisted dying.
In 2016, Trudeau lifted visa requirements for Mexican citizens, leading to a surge in asylum claims.
In 2016, advisors to Justin Trudeau recommended drastically increasing immigration levels to boost the economy.
In 2016, the country estate land given to Justin Trudeau and his brothers was estimated to be worth $2.7 million.
In January 2017, Trudeau posted a tweet welcoming those fleeing persecution, terror, and war, which led to an increase in irregular border crossings.
In January 2017, the ethics commissioner began an investigation into Trudeau for a vacation he and his family took to Aga Khan IV's private island in the Bahamas.
In December 2017, the ethics commissioner's report found that Trudeau had violated four provisions of the Conflict of Interest Act.
In 2017, Trudeau introduced legislation to eliminate exclusive fundraising events by requiring increased transparency.
In February 2018, Trudeau's government was criticized for inviting Khalistani nationalist Jaspal Atwal to the Canadian High Commission's dinner party in Delhi.
In December 2018, Meng Wanzhou was arrested at the Vancouver International Airport at the behest of the United States, escalating tensions with China.
In 2018, Justin Trudeau ceased to be the Minister of Intergovernmental Affairs and Youth, a role he held since becoming Prime Minister.
In 2018, Justin Trudeau was questioned about the alleged groping incident from 2000 but said he did not remember any negative incidents.
In 2018, Saudi Arabia recalled its Canadian ambassador and froze trade with the country in response to Canada's call for the release of blogger Raif Badawi.
On February 8, 2019, The Globe and Mail reported that the Prime Minister's Office had allegedly attempted to influence Attorney General Jody Wilson-Raybould concerning the SNC-Lavalin prosecution.
On March 19, 2019, the Liberal committee members voted as a bloc to shut down the Justice Committee's investigation into the SNC-Lavalin affair.
On August 14, 2019, the ethics commissioner's report concluded that "Mr. Trudeau contravened section 9 of the Act" in regards to the SNC-Lavalin affair.
On September 11, 2019, Justin Trudeau visited Governor General Julie Payette to request the dissolution of Parliament, formally triggering an election.
In September 2019, controversial pictures and video were published showing Justin Trudeau in brownface and blackface.
On September 18, 2019, Time magazine published a photograph of Justin Trudeau wearing brownface makeup in 2001, prompting a public apology.
In 2019, Canada doubled its weapons sales to Saudi Arabia, despite a moratorium on export permits.
In 2019, Canadian media reported that the People's Republic of China had made attempts to interfere in the Canadian federal election.
In 2019, Justin Trudeau's Liberal Party was reduced to a minority government in the federal election.
In 2019, Trudeau appointed Dominic Barton as ambassador to China.
In 2019, Trudeau pledged to ban single-use plastics.
In 2019, allegations arose regarding Chinese government interference in the Canadian federal elections.
The results of the 2021 federal election were mostly unchanged from the 2019 federal election.
In April 2020, Justin Trudeau introduced the Canada Emergency Wage Subsidy, the Canada Emergency Business Account, and the Canada Emergency Student Benefit to address the economic impact of the pandemic.
On May 12, 2020, the Trudeau government announced an exclusive deal with CanSino Biologics for COVID-19 vaccines, which later fell through due to deteriorating Canadian-Chinese relations.
On July 3, 2020, the ethics commissioner announced an investigation into Trudeau's decision to have WE Charity administer a summer, student-grant program.
On July 16, 2020, the ethics commissioner's investigation was expanded to include Finance Minister Bill Morneau in relation to the WE Charity scandal.
On August 5, 2020, the Trudeau government established a plan to secure doses of the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines.
Starting in December 2020, Justin Trudeau oversaw the implementation of Canada's mass-vaccination program.
In 2020, Canada lost its bid to join the United Nations Security Council.
In 2020, Justin Trudeau's government announced an "assault-style" weapons ban in response to the Nova Scotia attacks.
In 2020, The Joint Federal/Provincial Commission into the Nova Scotia attacks occurred, in partnership with the Government of Nova Scotia
In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted Canada's economy, disrupting the Trudeau government's economic policy, which had previously focused on reducing the debt-to-GDP ratio.
In the fall of 2020, Canada experienced a strong second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.
On August 15, 2021, Justin Trudeau advised Governor General Mary Simon to dissolve parliament, scheduling an election for September 20. The election was called on the same day as the Fall of Kabul.
In September 2021, Michael Spavor, Michael Kovrig, and Meng Wanzhou were released, leading to speculation of a deal between the United States and China.
The 2021 Canadian federal budget planned to phase out federal aid programs by the end of September 2021, projecting a significant deficit.
During the spread of the Omicron variant in December 2021, the Canada Worker Lockdown Benefit was expanded.
In 2021, Canadian media reported that the People's Republic of China had made attempts to interfere in the Canadian federal election.
In 2021, Justin Trudeau announced the creation of a national child care plan, aiming to reduce day care fees for parents to $10 a day per child within five years.
In 2021, Justin Trudeau led the Liberals to another minority government in the federal election.
In 2021, Justin Trudeau promoted his Child Benefit Program, asserting it had lifted 400,000 children out of poverty.
In 2021, allegations arose regarding Chinese government interference in the Canadian federal elections.
In the 2021 federal election, Justin Trudeau secured a third mandate and his second minority government after winning 160 seats.
Since the 2021 federal election, the Liberals have faced declining poll numbers and disappointing results in by-elections, including losses in safe seats.
On January 15, 2022, the Government of Canada introduced COVID-19 vaccine requirements for truckers re-entering the country by land, leading to the Canada convoy protest.
On February 14, 2022, Justin Trudeau invoked the Emergencies Act for the first time since 1988, due to the public order emergency caused by demonstrations in Ottawa.
On February 23, 2022, Justin Trudeau announced that the federal government would revoke the emergency declaration.
On March 22, 2022, the Liberals and the NDP entered a confidence and supply agreement, where the NDP would support the Liberals in confidence votes, and the Liberals would back key NDP priorities.
In November 2022, the Trudeau government announced Canada would admit 500,000 immigrants per year by 2025.
In December 2022, the Trudeau government announced a ban on producing and importing single-use plastics.
In 2022, Canada reached almost 1 million newcomers, including permanent and temporary residents.
In 2022, Canadian media reported that the People's Republic of China had made attempts to interfere in the 2019 and 2021 Canadian federal elections.
In 2022, Justin Trudeau invoked the Emergencies Act in response to the Freedom Convoy protests.
In 2022, it was reported that the Royal Canadian Mounted Police had considered bringing criminal charges against Trudeau over the Aga Khan affair.
On February 17, 2023, a judicial inquiry concluded that the Trudeau government met the legal threshold required to invoke the Emergencies Act.
In March 2023, Roxham Road was closed due to increased strain on services and criticism over the influx of claimants.
In May 2023, David Johnston delivered a report on election interference, describing China's interference as a danger to Canadian democracy.
On August 2, 2023, Justin Trudeau announced that he and Sophie Grégoire had separated.
In September 2023, Trudeau stated that the government had credible intelligence that the government of India was involved in the killing of Hardeep Singh Nijjar, a Canadian citizen.
On September 22, 2023, Yaroslav Hunka, a Ukrainian Canadian who fought in the SS Division Galicia, was invited to the House of Commons and recognized, leading to widespread condemnation and embarrassment for Parliament and Canada.
In December 2023, the sale of single-use plastic items was banned.
In 2023, Canada reached almost 1 million newcomers, including permanent and temporary residents, mirroring the previous year's high immigration levels.
In 2023, Canadian media reported that the People's Republic of China had made attempts to interfere in the 2019 and 2021 Canadian federal elections.
In 2023, Freeland's resignation, threats of tariffs from the Trump administration, opposition to Trudeau's proposed cheques, and a large deficit in the government's economic statement created significant challenges for Trudeau's leadership.
In 2023, asylum claims by Mexicans grew to 24,000.
In May 2024, Justin Trudeau asserted in an interview that "housing needs to retain its value," even while initiating measures to combat housing inflation.
In May 2024, the inquiry issued its preliminary report, finding that China engaged in foreign interference in both elections, but the interference did not affect the ultimate result of either election.
As of June 2024, the federal government planned to appeal the ruling that the invocation of the Emergencies Act was "not justified".
In September 2024, the NDP pulled their support and ended the confidence and supply agreement with the Liberal government.
On September 19, 2024, Minister of Transport Pablo Rodriguez resigned to run for leadership of the Quebec Liberal Party.
In October 2024, facing a cost of living and housing crisis and declining approval ratings, Justin Trudeau announced cuts to immigration targets.
On November 20, 2024, Alberta MP Randy Boissonnault resigned following allegations that he ran a business seeking federal contracts and falsely claimed to be Indigenous.
On December 15, 2024, Housing Minister Sean Fraser announced his intention to leave the federal cabinet in the next shuffle, citing family reasons.
In December 2024, Chrystia Freeland's sudden resignation as deputy prime minister led to a political crisis.
In December 2024, Justin Trudeau's approval rating plummeted to 22%, amidst a cost of living and housing crisis.
On December 16, 2024, Chrystia Freeland resigned as Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Finance, hours before she was due to release the government's fall economic statement, citing a loss of confidence from the Prime Minister.
On December 20, 2024, NDP leader Jagmeet Singh pledged to put forward another no-confidence motion and vote out Trudeau's government.
In 2024, Michael Spavor was awarded $7 million in compensation for his arrest and detainment in China.
In 2024, food bank usage reached an all-time high, with more working people relying on them, amidst global food crises.
In 2024, visas and some restrictions were reinstated for Mexican citizens due to the large growth of asylum claims.
In late 2024, the NDP opted to terminate the confidence and supply agreement with Justin Trudeau's Liberal party.
On January 6, 2025, Justin Trudeau announced that he would resign as both the prime minister and leader of the Liberal Party.
On January 15, 2025, Trudeau confirmed that he would not seek re-election in his riding of Papineau.
On January 6, 2025, Trudeau announced that Governor General Mary Simon would prorogue Parliament until March 24, 2025, to allow the Liberal Party to organize a leadership election. This event will occur on March 24, 2025.
By 2025, the Trudeau government planned to admit 500,000 immigrants per year.
By 2025, the export of single-use plastic items will be banned.
Reports released in early 2025 suggested that population growth would not be significantly slowed, even with the Trudeau government's proposed cuts to immigration.
The Trudeau government set a target to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 30% before 2030.
The Trudeau government set a target to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050.