Mitt Romney is an American businessman and former politician. He served as a U.S. Senator for Utah (2019-2025) and as the 70th Governor of Massachusetts (2003-2007). A member of the Republican Party, he was the party's nominee for President of the United States in 2012, losing to incumbent Barack Obama. Prior to his political career, Romney had a successful business career, including co-founding Bain Capital, a private equity investment firm.
In 1913, a law barred out-of-state residents from getting married in Massachusetts if their union would be illegal in their home state, cited by Romney in 2004 regarding same-sex marriage.
On March 12, 1947, Willard Mitt Romney was born. He is an American businessman and retired politician who served as a United States senator from Utah and as the 70th governor of Massachusetts.
In 1953, the Romney family moved from Detroit to Bloomfield Hills.
By 1959, Mitt Romney's father had become a nationally known figure.
During his "Faith in America" speech on December 6, 2007, Mitt Romney echoed Senator John F. Kennedy's famous speech during his 1960 presidential campaign.
In 1962, Mitt Romney participated in his father's successful Michigan gubernatorial campaign.
Around June 1965, Mitt Romney became informally engaged to Ann Davies, around the time he graduated from high school.
In 1965, Mitt Romney attended Stanford University during the 1965-1966 academic year.
In May 1966, Mitt Romney joined a counterprotest against a sit-in at Stanford's administration building.
In July 1966, Mitt Romney began a 30-month stint in France as a Mormon missionary.
In May 1968, Romney experienced the May 1968 general strike and student uprisings while in France.
In June 1968, while in southern France, Mitt Romney was seriously injured in a car accident that killed one of his passengers.
By the end of December 1968, Mitt Romney was overseeing the work of 175 others, ending his stint in France. As a result of his experience there, Romney developed a lifelong affection for France and its people, and has remained fluent in French.
In early 1968, Mitt Romney became a zone leader in Bordeaux, and soon thereafter became an assistant to the mission president in Paris while serving as a Mormon missionary.
On March 21, 1969, Mitt Romney married Ann Davies in a civil ceremony in Bloomfield Hills.
During the December 1969 draft lottery, Mitt Romney drew number 300, ensuring he would not be drafted.
In 1969, Mitt Romney married Ann Davies. The couple went on to have five sons together.
In 1970, Mitt and Ann Romney's first son, Taggart, was born while they were undergraduates at BYU.
In 1971, Mitt Romney graduated from BYU with a Bachelor of Arts degree in English.
In 1971, Mitt Romney graduated from Brigham Young University (BYU) with a Bachelor of Arts degree in English.
In 1971, Mitt and Ann Romney's second son, Matthew, was born.
In 1975, Mitt Romney graduated from Harvard with a Juris Doctor degree cum laude and was named a Baker Scholar.
In 1975, Mitt and Ann Romney's third son, Joshua, was born.
In 1977, Mitt Romney joined Bain & Company in Boston as a management consultant.
In 1977, Romney became a counselor to the president of the Boston Stake.
In 1978, Mitt Romney became a vice president of Bain & Company.
In 1978, Mitt and Ann Romney's fourth son, Benjamin, was born.
In 1981, Mitt Romney was arrested for disorderly conduct after a disagreement with a state park ranger regarding his motorboat's license.
In 1981, Mitt and Ann Romney's fifth son, Craig, was born.
In 1981, Romney served as bishop of the ward at Belmont, Massachusetts.
In 1983, Mitt Romney placed the family's dog in a carrier on the roof of their car during a road trip, which later became a subject of controversy.
In 1984, Mitt Romney co-founded Bain Capital, a private equity investment firm.
In 1984, after the destruction of the Belmont meetinghouse by a fire of suspicious origins, Romney forged links with other religious institutions, allowing the congregation to rotate its meetings to other houses of worship during the reconstruction of the Belmont building.
From 1986, Romney was president of the Boston Stake, which included more than a dozen wards in eastern Massachusetts and almost 4,000 church members.
In 1986, Bain Capital made its first significant investment by helping to start Staples Inc., after Thomas G. Stemberg convinced Romney of the market size for office supplies. Bain Capital eventually reaped a nearly sevenfold return on its investment, and Romney sat on Staples's board of directors for over a decade.
In 1986, Romney finished serving as bishop of the ward at Belmont, Massachusetts.
In 1990, Bain & Company faced financial collapse and asked Romney to return to lead the company.
In January 1991, Romney became the CEO of Bain & Company, drawing a symbolic salary of one dollar, while remaining managing general partner of Bain Capital. He led an effort to restructure the company's finances and governance, bringing it back to profitability within about a year.
In December 1992, after successfully leading Bain & Company back to profitability, Romney turned the company over to new leadership and returned to Bain Capital.
In 1992, Romney registered as an Independent and voted in the presidential primaries for the Democratic former senator from Massachusetts, Paul Tsongas.
In October 1993, Romney changed his affiliation to Republican, as he was preparing to challenge Ted Kennedy for his senate seat.
In November 1993, Romney took a leave of absence from Bain Capital to run for U.S. Senate.
From 1993 to 2002, Mitt Romney served on the board of directors of Marriott International, a company founded by his namesake J. Willard Marriott.
In February 1994, Romney formally announced his candidacy to challenge incumbent Democratic U.S. senator Ted Kennedy.
In May 1994, Romney won 68% of the vote at the Massachusetts Republican Party convention, eliminating Janet Jeghelian.
By mid-September 1994, polls showed the race between Kennedy and Romney about even.
In September 1994, Romney defeated John Lakian in the Republican primary with more than 80% of the vote.
In November 1994, Romney's leave of absence from Bain Capital ended.
In 1994, Mitt Romney expressed abortion rights positions during his campaign.
In 1994, Mitt Romney ran as the Republican nominee for the U.S. Senate in Massachusetts, but lost to Ted Kennedy.
In 1994, Mitt Romney's campaign staged "work days" to overcome the image of a wealthy corporate buyout specialist. He performed blue-collar jobs, but TV ads highlighting these efforts received a poor public response.
In 1994, Romney ended his time as the president of the Boston Stake.
In 1994, during his Senate campaign, Romney expressed his belief that "abortion should be safe and legal in this country."
While running for Senate in 1994, Romney described same-sex marriage as a "state issue".
In 1995, after his father's death, Mitt Romney donated his inheritance to BYU's George W. Romney Institute of Public Management.
In 1998, Ann Romney learned that she had multiple sclerosis. Mitt described watching her fail a series of neurological tests as the worst day of his life.
On February 11, 1999, the Salt Lake Organizing Committee for the Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games of 2002 hired Romney as its president and CEO.
In February 1999, Romney took a paid leave of absence from Bain Capital to serve as the president and CEO of the 2002 Salt Lake City Olympic Games Organizing Committee.
By 1999, Bain Capital had become a leading private equity firm, increasing its number of partners, employees, and assets under management, achieving high annual returns on investments.
In 1999, Romney filed state tax returns as a Utah resident, which was later used to challenge his eligibility to run for governor of Massachusetts in 2002.
In 2000, Romney filed state tax returns as a Utah resident, which was later used to challenge his eligibility to run for governor of Massachusetts in 2002.
In August 2001, Romney announced that he would not return to Bain Capital.
On March 19, 2002, Jane Swift announced she would not seek her party's nomination for governor and hours later Romney declared his candidacy.
In June 2002, the Massachusetts Democratic Party challenged Romney's eligibility to run for governor. They noted that state law required seven years' consecutive residence and that Romney had filed his state tax returns as a Utah resident in 1999 and 2000.
On November 5, 2002, Mitt Romney won the Massachusetts gubernatorial election with 50% of the vote, defeating Shannon O'Brien.
During the 2008 presidential campaign, the campaign emphasized Mitt Romney's highly profitable career in the business world and his stewardship of the 2002 Olympics.
From 1993 to 2002, Mitt Romney served on the board of directors of Marriott International, a company founded by his namesake J. Willard Marriott.
In 2002, Mitt Romney expressed abortion rights positions during his campaign.
In 2002, Mitt Romney served as the president and CEO of the Salt Lake Organizing Committee for the Winter Olympics.
In 2002, People magazine included Romney in its 50 Most Beautiful People list.
In 2002, Romney opposed a constitutional ban on same-sex marriage.
In 2002, Romney served as the CEO of the Salt Lake City Olympic Games Organizing Committee.
In 2002, during his campaign for governor, Romney reiterated his stance that "abortion should be safe and legal in this country."
In 2002, the Salt Lake City Winter Olympics and Paralympics Games where held, during which Mitt Romney was the CEO of the organizing committee.
In early 2002, Romney's separation from Bain Capital concluded. He transferred his ownership to other partners and negotiated an agreement that allowed him to receive a share of the profits as a retired partner.
On January 2, 2003, Mitt Romney was sworn in as the 70th governor of Massachusetts. He faced a state legislature with large Democratic majorities and declined a governor's salary of $135,000 during his term.
In November 2003, the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court ruled that the state had to recognize same-sex marriages.
In 2003, Mitt Romney had a 61 percent job approval rating after his initial fiscal actions.
In February 2004, Mitt Romney backed a state constitutional amendment that would have banned same-sex marriages but still allowed civil unions.
In May 2004, Mitt Romney instructed town clerks to issue marriage licenses to same-sex couples per the court decision.
In 2004, Mitt Romney formed a team to create a new Massachusetts health insurance measure that wouldn't raise taxes or resemble "Hillarycare."
In 2004, Mitt Romney spent considerable effort trying to bolster the state Republican Party, but it failed to gain any seats in the legislative elections that year. Given a prime-time appearance at the 2004 Republican National Convention, he began to be discussed as a potential 2008 presidential candidate.
In 2004, Romney wrote a book about his experience with the Salt Lake City Olympics, titled Turnaround: Crisis, Leadership, and the Olympic Games.
In 2004, a foundation that promotes the Olympic truce gave Romney its inaugural Truce Ideal Award.
In June 2005, Mitt Romney abandoned his support for the compromise amendment, stating that it confused voters.
On December 14, 2005, Mitt Romney announced that he would not seek reelection as governor.
In December 2005, Mitt Romney pulled Massachusetts out of the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative shortly before its signing, citing a lack of cost limits for industry.
In 2005, Mitt Romney publicly described himself as "pro-life", stating that abortion should only be an option in cases of incest, rape, or to save the mother's life.
In 2005, Mitt Romney revealed a change of view regarding abortion, moving from abortion rights positions expressed to an anti-abortion one.
In 2005, Romney maintained that his positions were moderate.
In 2005, the Cranbrook School gave Romney its Distinguished Alumni Award.
On April 12, 2006, Mitt Romney signed the Massachusetts health reform law, commonly called "Romneycare", which required nearly all Massachusetts residents to buy health insurance coverage or face tax penalties.
In November 2006, Mitt Romney's job approval rating stood at 34 percent, ranking 48th of the 50 U.S. governors.
In 2006, Mitt Romney dealt with a public crisis of confidence in Boston's Big Dig project by wresting control of the project from the Massachusetts Turnpike Authority.
In 2006, Mitt Romney did not seek reelection as governor, and instead focused on his campaign for the Republican nomination in the 2008 presidential election.
In 2006, Mitt Romney urged the U.S. Senate to vote for the Federal Marriage Amendment.
Mitt Romney's term as governor ended on January 4, 2007. On his penultimate day in office, he filed to register a presidential campaign committee.
On February 13, 2007, Mitt Romney formally announced his candidacy for the 2008 Republican nomination for president in Dearborn, Michigan.
On December 6, 2007, Mitt Romney gave his "Faith in America" speech, addressing questions about the role of religion in his life.
For the first half of 2007, Mitt Romney was little-known nationally, and hovered around 10% support in Republican preference polls.
In 2007, Romney addressed the layoffs that sometimes occurred due to Bain Capital's leveraged buyouts, stating that while the "medicine is a little bitter," it's necessary to save the enterprise and that his job was to try and make the enterprise successful.
Mitt Romney supported the Bush administration's Troubled Asset Relief Program in response to the 2007–2008 financial crisis, later saying that it prevented the U.S. financial system from collapsing.
On January 3, 2008, Mitt Romney took second place in the Iowa Republican caucuses, losing to Huckabee.
After the 2008 election, it was suggested that Romney was already planning his presidential run.
In 2004, Mitt Romney began to be discussed as a potential 2008 presidential candidate.
In 2008, Mitt Romney lost the Republican nomination in the presidential election to Senator John McCain.
In 2008, Romney and his wife Ann shared the Canterbury Medal from The Becket Fund for Religious Liberty for refusing to compromise their principles and faith during the presidential campaign.
In 2008, after the election, Mitt Romney began preparing for a potential 2012 presidential campaign. He used his PAC to raise money for Republican candidates and pay his political staff. This built a network of supporters and former staff who were eager for him to run again in 2012.
In late 2008, Ann Romney was diagnosed with mammary ductal carcinoma in situ and underwent a lumpectomy.
On February 13, 2007, Mitt Romney formally announced his candidacy for the 2008 Republican nomination for president in Dearborn, Michigan.
Romney's 2008 campaign was marked by accusations of flip-flopping.
From 2009 to 2011, Mitt Romney served on the board of directors of Marriott International, a company founded by his namesake J. Willard Marriott. He had previously served on the board from 1993 to 2002.
In 2009, the Romneys sold their primary residence in Belmont and their ski chalet in Utah. They maintained an estate in New Hampshire and a home in San Diego.
In January 2010, a National Journal survey of political insiders found that a majority of Republican insiders predicted Mitt Romney would be the party's 2012 nominee.
In February 2010, Mitt Romney had a minor altercation with LMFAO member Skyler Gordy, known as Sky Blu, on an airplane flight.
Immediately after the passage of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act in March 2010, Mitt Romney criticized it as an "unconscionable abuse of power" and called for its repeal.
In March 2010, Mitt Romney released his book, "No Apology: The Case for American Greatness", and promoted it with an 18-state book tour. The book focused on his views on American exceptionalism, economics, and geopolitics.
During the U.S. automotive industry crisis of 2008–2010, Mitt Romney opposed a bailout of the industry in the form of direct government intervention.
On April 11, 2011, Mitt Romney announced that he had formed an exploratory committee for a run for the Republican presidential nomination.
On June 2, 2011, Mitt Romney formally announced the start of his presidential campaign in Stratham, New Hampshire. He focused on the economy and criticized Obama's handling of it.
In July 2011, the Twitter account 'Pierre Delecto' was registered, later confirmed in 2019 to belong to Mitt Romney.
In September 2011, Rick Perry experienced a poll surge after entering the race the month before, during Mitt Romney's campaign.
In October 2011, the decisions of Palin and Chris Christie not to run effectively settled the field of candidates for the Republican nomination.
In November 2011, after charges of flip-flopping that marked his 2008 campaign began to accumulate again, Mitt Romney stated, "I've been as consistent as human beings can be."
Beginning in early 2011, Mitt Romney presented a more relaxed image, including more casual attire.
From 2009 to 2011, Mitt Romney served on the board of directors of Marriott International, a company founded by his namesake J. Willard Marriott. He had previously served on the board from 1993 to 2002.
In 2011, Romney signed a pledge promising to seek passage of an amendment to the U.S. Constitution to define marriage as the union of one man and one woman.
In February 2012, Mitt Romney won five contests, including a closely fought one in Michigan, and received Donald Trump's endorsement.
In July 2012, Mitt Romney visited the United Kingdom, Israel, and Poland to raise his credibility as a world statesman. He met with leaders including Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu.
On August 11, 2012, the Romney campaign announced Representative Paul Ryan of Wisconsin as his running mate.
On August 28, 2012, Mitt Romney was officially nominated for president at the 2012 Republican National Convention in Tampa, Florida. He became the first LDS Church member to be a major-party presidential nominee.
In December 2012, Mitt Romney joined the board of Marriott International for a third stint as a director.
In 2012, Mitt Romney was the Republican nominee in the presidential election, but lost the election to President Barack Obama.
In 2012, Romney led or placed in the top three with Palin and Huckabee.
In 2012, Romney was preparing to launch his presidential campaign after laying the groundwork since 2008.
In 2012, Time magazine included Romney in their List of The 100 Most Influential People in the World.
In 2012, plans to replace their La Jolla home with a bigger one including a car elevator was met with some derision.
The first of three 2012 presidential election debates took place on October 3, in Denver. Media figures and political analysts widely viewed Romney as having delivered a stronger and more focused presentation than Obama.
In March 2013, Mitt Romney gave a reflective interview on Fox News Sunday, expressing regret at not being in the White House and at the "47 percent" remark.
By 2013, Mitt and Ann Romney had 22 grandchildren and spent considerable time with them.
A July 2014 CNN poll showed Mitt Romney with a 53% to 44% lead over Obama in a hypothetical election "redo".
In August 2014, a poll of Iowa Republicans showed Mitt Romney with a large lead there over other potential 2016 candidates.
Romney reemerged onto the political scene in the run-up to the 2014 U.S. midterm elections, endorsing, campaigning, and fundraising for a number of Republican candidates, especially those running for the U.S. Senate.
The 2014 documentary film 'Mitt' showed a behind-the-scenes, family-based perspective on both of Mitt Romney's presidential campaigns.
On January 30, 2015, Mitt Romney announced that he would not run for president in 2016, stating that he believed another Republican leader would be better positioned to win the general election.
On March 3, 2016, Mitt Romney delivered a speech at the Hinckley Institute of Politics, launching a strong attack on Donald Trump's character, business record, and policy stances, calling him a "con man" and a "phony".
By early 2014, the lack of a clear mainstream Republican candidate for the 2016 presidential election led some supporters, donors, and pollsters to suggest that Romney stage a third run.
In 2016, Mitt Romney did not vote for Donald Trump in the presidential election.
In February 2017, Mitt Romney stated that Donald Trump was "off to a very strong start" in fulfilling his campaign promises, despite his earlier criticisms.
In October 2017, press reports stated that should U.S. Senator Orrin Hatch retire, Mitt Romney would run for that seat in 2018.
In the summer of 2017, Mitt Romney was treated for prostate cancer.
On January 2, 2018, Mitt Romney changed his Twitter location from Massachusetts to Holladay, Utah, fueling speculation about a potential Senate campaign.
On February 16, 2018, Mitt Romney formally launched his campaign for U.S. Senate with a video message posted on Facebook and Twitter.
On April 21, 2018, at the state Republican nominating convention, Mitt Romney received 1,585 delegate votes (49.1%), finishing second to Mike Kennedy.
In May 2018, Mitt Romney revealed that he had cast a write-in vote for his wife, Ann, in the election.
In 2018, Donald Trump endorsed Mitt Romney's campaign for the U.S. Senate seat.
In 2018, Mitt Romney was elected to the U.S. Senate representing Utah.
In October 2019, Mitt Romney revealed he used a secret Twitter account, later identified as "Pierre Delecto", to follow political conversations.
On November 9, 2019, Mitt Romney was one of the few Republican senators who declined to co-sponsor a resolution opposing the impeachment inquiry process into President Trump.
On February 5, 2020, Mitt Romney broke with the Republican party and voted to convict President Trump in his first impeachment trial, becoming the first U.S. Senator to vote to convict a president of the same party.
On June 7, 2020, Mitt Romney became the first Republican senator to participate in a Black Lives Matter protest, expressing support for the movement against racism and police brutality.
In July 2020, Romney criticized President Trump's decision to commute Roger Stone's sentence, labeling it as "Unprecedented, historic corruption."
In September 2020, Romney stated that the Republicans' decision to nominate and confirm Amy Coney Barrett to the Supreme Court before the 2020 presidential election was fair, referencing the Garland decision as consistent with historical precedent.
In 2020, Mitt Romney did not endorse Donald Trump's reelection campaign and stated that he did not vote for him. He also congratulated Joe Biden and Kamala Harris on their victory, being the first Republican senator to do so.
In 2020, Mitt Romney did not vote for Donald Trump in the presidential election.
In 2020, Romney opposed the use of mandatory limits on greenhouse gas emissions to deal with global warming. He was a proponent of increased domestic oil drilling and nuclear power plants.
On January 5, 2021, Mitt Romney was heckled and harassed at the airport en route to Washington, D.C., by Trump supporters who accused him of not supporting Trump's claims of election fraud.
On January 13, 2021, the House voted to impeach Trump a second time for incitement of insurrection.
On February 10, 2021, during Trump's second impeachment trial, a video was released showing Capitol Police officer Eugene Goodman diverting Mitt Romney away from the Capitol rioters on January 6.
On February 13, 2021, Mitt Romney voted to convict Donald Trump for the second time along with six of his Republican colleagues.
On May 27, 2021, Mitt Romney voted with a group of Republicans and all present Democrats to establish a bipartisan commission to investigate the January 6 attack on the Capitol. The vote failed.
In 2021, Mitt Romney voted to convict Donald Trump in his second impeachment trial.
In 2021, Romney received the Profile in Courage Award for being the only member of his party to vote to convict Donald Trump during his first impeachment trial.
In 2021, during the attack on the U.S. Capitol, Mitt Romney rebuked President Trump and condemned the actions of the attackers, stating, "This is what you've gotten, guys!"
In 2022, Romney reversed his previous position on federal marriage and voted to advance legislation to codify same-sex marriage into federal law by voting for the Respect for Marriage Act.
In 2023, Mitt Romney confronted Representative George Santos, stating that he "shouldn't be in Congress" due to ethics concerns.
In 2023, Romney announced he would not run for reelection in 2024.
In June 2024, Romney, along with other senators, proposed a framework to mitigate risks from artificial general intelligence, suggesting regulations to restrict actions that could lead to existential or serious consequences.
On July 21, 2024, Romney released a statement following President Biden's decision to withdraw from the 2024 presidential election, respecting Biden's decision and stating it was in the best interest of the country.
In 2024, Romney received the annual Legislative Achievement Award from the National Emergency Management Association for his efforts in creating the Wildland Fire Mitigation and Management Commission in Utah.
In 2025, Romney retired from the Senate when his term expired.