History of Shinzo Abe in Timeline
Shinzo Abe was a prominent Japanese statesman known for his tenure as prime minister and president of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP). He served as prime minister from 2006 to 2007 and later from 2012 to 2020, becoming the longest-serving prime minister in Japan's history. Abe's political career also included serving as Chief Cabinet Secretary under Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi from 2005 to 2006 and briefly acting as the opposition leader in 2012. His leadership was marked by various domestic and international policies, strengthening Japan's economic stance and reinforcing its diplomatic relations. Abe's tenure significantly influenced Japan's political landscape, making him a key figure in the country's modern political history.
1936: Last Assassination of a Former Japanese Prime Minister
Prior to Abe's assassination, the last time a former Japanese Prime Minister was assassinated was in 1936.
1941: Fumimaro Konoe's Prime Ministership
Fumimaro Konoe served as Prime Minister of Japan until 1941, holding the record for the youngest individual in the position until Abe's election in 2006.
1948: Shigeru Yoshida's Return to Office
In 1948, Shigeru Yoshida returned to office as Prime Minister.
1951: Previous Visits to Honolulu
While initially thought to be unprecedented, Abe's visit to Honolulu brought to light previous visits by Japanese prime ministers in 1951, 1956, and 1957.
September 1954: Shinzo Abe's Birth
Shinzo Abe was born in September 1954.
September 1954: Birth of Shinzo Abe
Shinzo Abe was born on September 21, 1954, in Tokyo.
1955: Founding of the Liberal Democratic Party
Nobusuke Kishi, Shinzo Abe's grandfather, helped establish the Liberal Democratic Party in 1955.
1956: Previous Visits to Honolulu
While initially thought to be unprecedented, Abe's visit to Honolulu brought to light previous visits by Japanese prime ministers in 1951, 1956, and 1957.
1957: Nobusuke Kishi Becomes Prime Minister
Nobusuke Kishi, Shinzo Abe's grandfather, served as the Prime Minister of Japan from 1957 to 1960.
1957: Previous Visits to Honolulu
While initially thought to be unprecedented, Abe's visit to Honolulu brought to light previous visits by Japanese prime ministers in 1951, 1956, and 1957.
1958: Shintaro Abe's Political Career Begins
Shinzo Abe's father, Shintaro Abe, began his career in the House of Representatives in 1958.
1960: Resignation of Nobusuke Kishi
Nobusuke Kishi resigned as Prime Minister in 1960 after protests against the Anpo treaty.
1972: US Occupation of Okinawa Ends
In 1972, the US occupation of Okinawa came to an end, marking a significant moment in the relationship between the two countries. However, the continued presence of US military bases on the island remained a point of contention for many Okinawans.
1977: Graduation from Seikei University
Shinzo Abe completed his studies and earned a bachelor's degree in political science from Seikei University in 1977.
1978: Studies at the University of Southern California
Shinzo Abe attended the University of Southern California as a visiting student, focusing on English studies, from 1978 to 1979.
April 1979: Start of Work at Kobe Steel
In April 1979, Shinzo Abe began his career at Kobe Steel.
1979: End of Studies at the University of Southern California
Shinzo Abe ended his studies at the University of Southern California in 1979 after completing three semesters.
1982: Departure from Kobe Steel and Pursuit of Government Positions
Shinzo Abe left Kobe Steel in 1982 to pursue opportunities in government.
1986: Abe's Father Heads Seiwa Seisaku Kenkyukai Faction
In 1986, Shinzo Abe's father, Shintaro Abe, assumed leadership of the Seiwa Seisaku Kenkyukai, a prominent faction within the Liberal Democratic Party.
1987: Abe Marries Akie Matsuzaki
In 1987, Abe married Akie Matsuzaki, a socialite and former radio DJ, marking the beginning of their enduring relationship. Akie, known for her outspoken nature and often contrasting views to her husband's, earned the nickname "domestic opposition party." Notably, the couple remained childless, having undergone unsuccessful fertility treatments.
1991: End of Shintaro Abe's Leadership of Seiwa Seisaku Kenkyukai
Shintaro Abe concluded his term as head of the Seiwa Seisaku Kenkyukai faction in 1991.
1991: End of Shintaro Abe's Political Career
Shintaro Abe's time in the House of Representatives concluded in 1991.
1991: Death of Shintaro Abe
Shinzo Abe's father, Shintaro Abe, passed away in 1991.
1992: Kono Statement Acknowledges Wartime Atrocities
The Kono Statement, issued in 1992, marked a significant moment in which the Japanese government formally admitted and apologized for the military's role in forcing women into sexual slavery during World War II.
1993: Election to the Japanese House of Representatives
In the 1993 election, Shinzo Abe was elected to the Japanese House of Representatives.
1993: Yohei Kono Issues Comfort Women Apology
In 1993, Yohei Kono, serving as Chief Cabinet Secretary, issued an apology acknowledging the Japanese government's role in the comfort women issue. This apology was later acknowledged by Shinzo Abe during a Diet session in October 2006.
1993: Senior Tokyo Official Issues Apology
In 1993, a high-ranking Tokyo official issued a partial apology for the Japanese military's involvement in the comfort women system, acknowledging the suffering inflicted. This event came years before Shinzo Abe's controversial statements downplaying government coercion in the recruitment of comfort women.
1993: Election to the House of Representatives
Following his father's passing in 1991, Shinzo Abe was elected to represent Yamaguchi Prefecture's first district in the House of Representatives in 1993.
1995: Murayama Statement
Abe's 2015 statement referenced the Murayama Statement of 1995, indicating his intention to uphold previous apologies made by Japanese leaders.
1997: Shinzo Abe leads the Society for History Textbook Reform
In 1997, Shinzo Abe assumed leadership of the Society for History Textbook Reform. This organization played a key role in promoting a revisionist view of Japanese history.
1997: Abe's Involvement with History Education Reform Groups
Since 1997, Abe has been a supporter of organizations like the Japanese Society for History Textbook Reform, known for their controversial views on Japanese history.
1999: Shimonoseki Mayoral Election and Refusal of Bribery
In 1999, Abe's aide reportedly refused to provide funds to a Shimonoseki real estate broker in exchange for supporting a mayoral candidate, potentially leading to attacks in the following year.
1999: Appointment as Director of the Social Affairs Division
In 1999, Shinzo Abe took on the role of Director of the Social Affairs Division.
2000: Appointment as Deputy Chief Cabinet Secretary
Shinzo Abe served as Deputy Chief Cabinet Secretary in the Yoshirō Mori and Junichiro Koizumi Cabinets from 2000 to 2003.
2000: Attacks on Abe's Residence and Office
Shinzo Abe's home and office were targeted in 2000 with Molotov cocktails by members of the Kudo-kai, a yakuza syndicate, allegedly in retaliation for a local aide's refusal to engage in bribery related to a mayoral election.
2001: Allegations of Censorship Against Abe and Nakagawa
The Asahi Shimbun levied accusations against Shinzo Abe and Shoichi Nakagawa, alleging their involvement in censoring a 2001 NHK program that focused on "The Women's International War Crimes Tribunal." This tribunal, a private committee, aimed to address complaints from comfort women.
2002: Abe's Role in Japanese Abductee Negotiations
Shinzo Abe served as the primary negotiator for Japan in talks with North Korea concerning Japanese citizens abducted by the regime. Abe accompanied Prime Minister Koizumi to meet with Kim Jong-il and later advocated for abductees visiting Japan to remain in the country.
2002: Tetsuya Yamagami's Grudge with the Unification Church
Around 2002, Tetsuya Yamagami, the individual who would later assassinate Shinzo Abe, developed a grudge against Hak Ja Han of the Unification Church and sought to kill her. Unable to get close to Han, Yamagami later shifted his target to Abe due to his perceived role in spreading the religion in Japan.
2002: Japan-North Korea Abductee Negotiations Break Down
Following an agreement between Japan and North Korea allowing abducted Japanese citizens to visit Japan, the Japanese government, with Abe claiming responsibility for the decision, prevented their return to North Korea. This action led to the collapse of the negotiations.
2003: Appointment as Secretary-General of the Liberal Democratic Party
In 2003, Shinzo Abe was appointed Secretary-General of the LDP.
2005: Appointment as Chief Cabinet Secretary
Shinzo Abe served as Chief Cabinet Secretary under Junichiro Koizumi from 2005 to 2006.
2005: Appointment as Chief Cabinet Secretary
Shinzo Abe was appointed Chief Cabinet Secretary by Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi in 2005.
2005: Start of Period with Errors in Economic Statistics
This year marked the beginning of a period during which significant errors were found in Japan's key economic statistics, as later revealed in 2019. These errors, spanning over a decade, raised concerns about the accuracy of economic data used for policymaking.
February 2006: Abe on Defining Aggressive Wars
During a meeting of the Lower House Budget Committee in February 2006, Shinzo Abe addressed the issue of defining aggressive wars. He suggested it was a complex matter without a universally accepted academic definition, and stated that it was not the government's role to determine such definitions, leaving it to historians to assess.
April 2006: Abe's Visit to Yasukuni Shrine Sparks Diplomatic Tensions
In April 2006, during his time as Chief Cabinet Secretary, Abe's visit to the Yasukuni Shrine, a site honoring Japan's war dead including convicted war criminals, drew sharp criticism from South Korea, who deemed the visit "regrettable."
July 2006: Abe Publishes "Toward a Beautiful Nation"
Shinzo Abe's book, "Toward a Beautiful Nation" was released in July 2006, swiftly becoming a bestseller in Japan. The book, however, ignited concerns from the South Korean and Chinese governments, along with academics and commentators, who expressed anxieties about Abe's historical perspectives.
August 2006: Koizumi's Visit to Yasukuni Shrine
In August 2006, then-Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi visited the Yasukuni Shrine, a move that sparked diplomatic backlash and set a precedent that Abe would later follow.
September 2006: Abe Refrains from Yasukuni Shrine Visit During First Term
Unlike his predecessor Junichiro Koizumi, Abe chose not to visit the Yasukuni Shrine throughout his first term as Prime Minister, which lasted from September 2006 to September 2007. This decision was likely influenced by a desire to avoid exacerbating diplomatic tensions.
September 2006: Abe Becomes Japan's Youngest Prime Minister
In September 2006, Shinzo Abe was inaugurated as Prime Minister of Japan at the age of 52, making him the youngest individual and the first born after World War II to hold the position.
September 2006: Abe Elected President of Liberal Democratic Party
Shinzo Abe secured victory in September 2006 as the president of the Liberal Democratic Party, besting contenders Sadakazu Tanigaki and Taro Aso.
October 2006: Abe Administration Accused of Meddling with NHK
In October 2006, the Abe administration faced accusations of pressuring NHK, Japan's public broadcaster, regarding their coverage of the North Korean abductees issue. Critics, including members within Abe's own Liberal Democratic Party, argued that the government's actions threatened freedom of expression.
October 2006: Abe Acknowledges Comfort Women Issue
During a Diet session in October 2006, Shinzo Abe acknowledged the 1993 report by then-Chief Cabinet Secretary Yohei Kono. This report marked the Japanese government's official recognition of the comfort women issue.
December 2006: Revelation of Staged Town Hall Meetings
In December 2006, it was revealed that the Japanese government under former Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi, where Abe served as Chief Cabinet Secretary, had influenced town hall-style meetings. These meetings featured paid performers who would ask government officials pre-determined questions, raising concerns about transparency and manipulation.
2006: First Term as Prime Minister
Shinzo Abe served as the Prime Minister of Japan and President of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) from 2006 to 2007.
March 2007: Abe Supports Nationalism in Education
In March 2007, Abe and other right-wing politicians put forth a bill promoting nationalism and a 'love for one's country' among Japanese youth. This initiative aimed to incorporate 'love of country' into the Fundamental Law of Education.
March 2007: Abe Denies Military-Imposed Sexual Slavery
In March 2007, Abe disputed the historical consensus on the Japanese military's involvement in coercing women into sexual slavery during World War II. This stance contradicted the Japanese government's previous acknowledgment and apology issued in the 1992 Kono Statement.
March 2007: Abe Denies Government Coercion in Comfort Women Recruitment
In March 2007, responding to a US Congressional resolution introduced by Mike Honda, Shinzo Abe denied any Japanese government coercion in recruiting comfort women during World War II. This denial, consistent with his earlier stance, drew international criticism.
August 2007: Abe Strengthens Japan-India Relations
During his time as Prime Minister, Abe made efforts to enhance the strategic partnership between Japan and India. In August 2007, his visit to India marked a significant step in solidifying the bilateral relationship.
August 2007: Abe Restructures Cabinet, Mirroring White House
In August 2007, Abe reshuffled his cabinet, a move interpreted as an attempt to reorganize the Prime Minister's office along the lines of the White House structure.
August 2007: Scandals and Election Loss for Abe's Party
In the lead-up to the July election, Abe's administration was rocked by a series of scandals, including the suicide of Agriculture Minister Toshikatsu Matsuoka. The Liberal Democratic Party subsequently lost its majority in the upper house, a first in over five decades.
September 2007: Abe Announces Resignation as Prime Minister
On September 12, 2007, just days into a new parliamentary session, Abe unexpectedly declared his intention to resign as Prime Minister, citing his unpopularity as an obstacle to passing key legislation.
September 2007: End of Abe's First Term
September 2007 marked the end of Abe's first term as Prime Minister, a period during which he notably abstained from visiting the Yasukuni Shrine, a decision that drew criticism from Japanese nationalists.
2007: Initiation of the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue
During his first term in 2007, Abe initiated the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue, which was aimed at addressing China's growing influence.
2007: Abe Denies Coercion in Comfort Women Issue
In 2007, Shinzo Abe, then Prime Minister of Japan, publicly denied that the Japanese government had forced women into sexual slavery during World War II, sparking controversy and straining relations with South Korea. He characterized South Korean perspectives on the matter as meddling in Japan's domestic affairs.
2007: End of First Term and Initiation of Quadrilateral Security Dialogue
Shinzo Abe's first term as Prime Minister ended in 2007. In that same year, he initiated the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue.
2007: Beginning of the "Twisted Diet"
Since the 2007 election, no single party had controlled both houses of the Diet, creating a situation known as the "Twisted Diet." This led to political gridlock and frequent changes in prime ministers.
2007: The Washington Post Criticizes Abe's Stance
The Washington Post, in a 2007 editorial titled "Shinzo Abe's Double Talk," criticized Abe for his seeming disregard of Japan's war crimes while passionately advocating for Japanese victims of North Korea. The editorial highlighted a perceived hypocrisy in his selective approach to historical accountability.
2009: Democratic Party of Japan Abandons Council on Economic and Fiscal Policy
In 2009, the Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ), which had come to power after the LDP's defeat, abandoned the Council on Economic and Fiscal Policy (CEFP). This council, initially established during the Koizumi cabinet, had played a significant role in shaping Japan's economic policy.
2009: Liberal Democratic Party Loses Power; Abe Remains in Diet
In 2009, the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) lost power to the Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ). Despite this, Abe was re-elected to his seat in the Yamaguchi 4th district, demonstrating his continued political influence.
September 2010: Senkaku Boat Collision Incident
In September 2010, a Chinese fishing trawler collided with Japanese Coast Guard vessels near the Senkaku Islands, sparking a diplomatic dispute. Abe criticized the then-incumbent Kan Cabinet's response as "naive" and expressed concerns about Japan's vulnerability to Chinese pressure.
October 2010: Abe Delivers Speech on US-Japan Relations
In October 2010, while serving as a member of the Japanese Diet, Abe delivered a speech in Washington DC expressing concerns about China's growing influence and its implications for US-Japan relations.
2010: Abe Visits Taiwan, Strengthens Ties
During his time as a Diet member, Abe visited Taiwan in 2010, meeting with key political figures including President Ma Ying-jeou. This visit underscored his commitment to strengthening ties with Taiwan.
2011: Abe Visits Taiwan, Meets Future President Tsai Ing-wen
In 2011, Abe again visited Taiwan, further solidifying relations. During this visit, he met with Tsai Ing-wen, then-leader of the Democratic Progressive Party, who would later become Taiwan's president.
2011: Fukushima Disaster and Impact on Energy Policy
The 2011 Fukushima nuclear disaster had a significant impact on Japan's energy policy. It led to a push for greater energy security and diversification, as well as increased scrutiny of nuclear power.
August 2012: Abe's Second Visit to Yasukuni Shrine
On the anniversary of the end of World War II in August 2012, Abe made another visit to the Yasukuni Shrine, further escalating diplomatic tensions.
September 2012: Abe Re-elected as President of the Liberal Democratic Party
Abe was re-elected as president of the LDP in September 2012, defeating former Defense Minister Shigeru Ishiba in a runoff vote. This victory paved the way for his return as prime minister.
October 2012: Abe Visits Yasukuni Shrine as LDP President
In October 2012, after securing the presidency of the Liberal Democratic Party, Abe visited the controversial Yasukuni Shrine in an official capacity, signifying its importance to him and potentially signaling his future actions as Prime Minister.
November 2012: TBS Airs Abe's Photo in Error
In November 2012, a TBS morning show mistakenly displayed Abe's photo during a news segment about an NHK announcer's arrest for sexual misconduct. Abe publicly expressed his discontent on Facebook, suggesting the incident was potentially politically motivated and demanding an apology from the station, which he ultimately didn't receive.
November 2012: Dissolution of the Lower House, General Election Announced
In November 2012, Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda dissolved the lower house of the Japanese parliament, setting the stage for a general election on December 16th.
December 2012: LDP Wins Landslide Victory, Abe Poised to Return as Prime Minister
The LDP, led by Abe, secured a resounding victory in the December 2012 general election, winning 294 out of 480 seats in the House of Representatives. This landslide win marked a significant shift in Japanese politics and set the stage for Abe's second term as prime minister.
December 2012: Abe Formally Elected as Prime Minister, Second Cabinet Takes Office
On December 26, 2012, Abe was formally elected as Prime Minister by the Diet, marking the beginning of his second term. He swiftly formed his second cabinet, which he referred to as a "crisis-busting cabinet," signaling his determination to address Japan's economic challenges.
December 2012: Abe's Second Cabinet Takes Office
Abe's second cabinet, inaugurated in December 2012, marked a period of political stability, becoming the longest-serving cabinet in post-war Japan's history. It remained unchanged for 617 days until a reshuffle in September 2014.
December 2012: Beginning of Abe's Diplomatic Tours
Abe embarked on a series of diplomatic tours beginning in December 2012, marking the start of his active approach to foreign affairs as Prime Minister.
2012: Abe Returns to Power
In 2012, Shinzo Abe returned to the political forefront and took power, marking the beginning of his second term as Prime Minister of Japan.
2012: Abe Expresses Regret Over Not Visiting Yasukuni Shrine
While campaigning for leadership of the Liberal Democratic Party in 2012, Abe revealed his regret over not visiting the Yasukuni Shrine during his previous tenure as Prime Minister, a statement that likely resonated with nationalist sentiments.
2012: Council on Economic and Fiscal Policy Remains Inactive Under DPJ Administrations
The CEFP remained inactive throughout the DPJ's tenure in government from 2009 to 2012, indicating a shift in economic policy focus during this period.
2012: Second Term as Prime Minister and LDP President
Shinzo Abe returned to office and served as Prime Minister and LDP president from 2012 to 2020.
2012: Abe Proposes "Restoration of Sovereignty Day"
In 2012, Abe put forth the idea of establishing a "Restoration of Sovereignty Day" to commemorate the end of the US occupation of Japan. The proposal, while popular among some, sparked controversy and highlighted the complexities of Japan's relationship with its own history and with the United States.
2012: Public Backlash and Protests Against Abe's Military Reforms
In 2012, Abe faced public backlash and protests after his return to power, with his approval ratings declining due to his push for military reforms.
2012: Strained Relations with China and South Korea
Following Abe's return to office in 2012, relations with China and South Korea remained strained. No bilateral meetings took place between Abe and the leadership of either country during this period.
2012: Return to Office as Prime Minister
After winning the LDP leadership in 2012, Abe became Prime Minister again, the first former Prime Minister to do so since 1948.
2012: Suspension of Trilateral Summits
The trilateral summits mentioned in the November 2015 entry had been suspended since 2012 due to tensions, highlighting the challenges in East Asian international relations.
January 2013: Abe Advocates for Monetary Easing, Pressures Bank of Japan
At the first CEFP meeting in January 2013, Abe strongly advocated for the Bank of Japan (BOJ) to adopt a policy of monetary easing to achieve a 2% inflation target. He maintained pressure on BOJ Governor Masaaki Shirakawa, who was hesitant to set specific targets.
January 2013: Abe Announces 'Abenomics,' a Three-Pronged Economic Strategy
In January 2013, during his policy speech to the Diet, Abe declared economic revival and overcoming deflation as Japan's most pressing challenges. He introduced "Abenomics," his economic strategy consisting of three key elements: monetary expansion, flexible fiscal policy, and a growth strategy focused on structural reform and private sector investment.
February 2013: "Japan is Back": Abe Outlines Economic and Diplomatic Goals
In February 2013, during an address at the Centre for Strategic and International Studies in Washington, D.C., Abe outlined his economic and diplomatic objectives, famously declaring that "Japan is back." This speech signaled his intent to revitalize Japan's economy and strengthen its international standing.
March 2013: Entering TPP Negotiations
In March 2013, Abe announced Japan's entry into negotiations for the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), aiming to liberalize sectors like agriculture. This decision faced criticism from farm lobbies but was seen as potentially boosting Japan's competitiveness.
April 2013: Restoration of Sovereignty Day Celebration Stirs Controversy
In April 2013, a new public event called "Restoration of Sovereignty Day" was held to commemorate the end of the US occupation of Japan in 1952. Proposed by Abe in 2012, the event drew criticism, particularly from Okinawans who saw it as insensitive considering the continued US military presence in Okinawa and the historical context of the occupation's end.
May 2013: Abe's Photo Op with Military Aircraft Sparks Outrage
In May 2013, Abe sparked international controversy by posing for photos in the cockpit of a military training aircraft numbered "731." This number held a chilling significance as it was the same as the infamous Unit 731, responsible for horrific human experiments during World War II. The incident drew condemnation, particularly from South Korea, and while the Japanese Defense Ministry claimed the numbering was coincidental, the damage to Abe's image was done.
June 2013: Announcement of "Third Arrow" Policies
June 2013 marked the unveiling of initial measures related to Abe's "third arrow" policies, including plans for deregulated economic zones and online drug sales. However, the lack of substantial labor market or business reforms led to criticism and a perception that these measures lacked detail.
August 2013: Abe Sends Offerings to Yasukuni Shrine on World War II Anniversary
On the anniversary of the end of World War II in August 2013, Abe chose to send offerings to the Yasukuni Shrine rather than visiting in person, demonstrating sensitivity to international concerns.
September 2013: Abe Champions Tokyo's 2020 Olympics Bid
In September 2013, Abe actively supported Tokyo's bid to host the 2020 Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games. He delivered a speech in English at the IOC session in Buenos Aires, emphasizing the importance of sport in Japan and assuring the committee that the situation at the Fukushima plant was controlled.
September 2013: Promoting Women's Participation in the Workforce
In September 2013, Abe called for greater participation of women in the workforce, aiming for 30% of leadership positions to be held by women by 2020. He highlighted the economic and social benefits of women's contributions, particularly in light of Japan's declining population.
September 2013: Abe Delivers Herman Kahn Lecture, Outlining Foreign Policy Vision
On September 25, 2013, Abe became the first non-American to deliver the Herman Kahn Lecture, outlining his foreign policy vision for the coming years. He advocated for an "Indo-Pacific century" grounded in principles of freedom, democracy, human rights, and a rules-based order, with the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) as its foundation. He also proposed a shift in the interpretation of Japan's constitution, moving away from its restrictive nature, which he believed hindered the Japan Self-Defense Forces (JSDF) from effectively assisting allies in times of need. During this lecture, Abe announced the establishment of the National Security Council of Japan, highlighting the increasing military budget of a neighboring country. He emphasized Japan's role as a mature democracy and advocated for its proactive contribution to global peace and security.
October 2013: Abe Sends Offerings to Yasukuni Shrine
In October 2013, Abe opted to send ritual offerings to the Yasukuni Shrine for its festivals, a decision intended to demonstrate respect for the war dead while minimizing potential diplomatic fallout.
November 2013: Liberalization of Japan's Electricity Market
In November 2013, the Abe cabinet passed a bill to liberalize Japan's electricity market. This involved dismantling price controls, breaking up regional monopolies, and separating power transmission and generation. This move was partly influenced by the 2011 Fukushima disaster and faced minimal opposition.
November 2013: Abe Establishes National Security Council
In November 2013, Abe's government passed a law creating Japan's first National Security Council (NSC), aiming to centralize security policy decision-making within the Prime Minister's office. The NSC, modeled after its American counterpart, became operational the following month with the appointment of Shotaro Yachi as Japan's inaugural National Security Advisor.
December 2013: Abe's Controversial Visit to Yasukuni Shrine as Prime Minister
In December 2013, Abe made a highly controversial visit to the Yasukuni Shrine, marking the first visit by a sitting Prime Minister since Junichiro Koizumi in August 2006. The visit drew immediate condemnation from China, who saw it as an attempt to glorify Japan's militaristic past.
December 2013: Abe Announces Five-Year Military Expansion Plan
Citing concerns over China's military buildup and the evolving security landscape in Asia, Abe announced a five-year plan for military expansion in December 2013. He characterized this approach as "proactive pacifism," with the objective of enabling Japan to play a more assertive role in regional security.
December 2013: Abe's Visit to Yasukuni Shrine Sparks Controversy
In December 2013, Shinzo Abe's visit to the Yasukuni Shrine, a site honoring Japan's war dead, including convicted war criminals, drew sharp criticism from China and South Korea, straining diplomatic relations.
December 2013: Abe Explains Stance on Yasukuni Shrine Visits
In December 2013, Abe articulated his position on visits to the Yasukuni Shrine, acknowledging the importance of honoring war dead while aiming to prevent such visits from becoming political or diplomatic flashpoints.
2013: Record Performance of Japan Hedge Fund Index
The Eurekahedge Japan Hedge Fund Index achieved a record 28% return in 2013, largely attributed to the unprecedented actions taken by the Abe government. This highlighted the positive response from certain financial markets to Abenomics.
2013: Comparison with 2013 Announcements
The June 2014 announcement of structural reforms was seen as more substantial and well-received compared to the initial "third arrow" policies revealed in 2013.
2013: Abe's Campaign for Economic Revival and Stable Mandate
Abe focused his 2013 election campaign on economic revitalization, seeking a strong mandate from voters to implement reforms. He adopted a more moderate stance on defense and constitutional issues.
2013: Abe's Educational Influence and Support for the Top Global University Project
During 2013, Abe's influence was seen in the push to downplay Japan's wartime atrocities within school textbooks, a move that had previously contributed to his earlier resignation. That same year, he showed support for the Top Global University Project, a ten-year initiative aimed at boosting the presence of international students and faculty in Japanese universities. The program also included funding for chosen universities to develop undergraduate programs taught entirely in English.
2013: Decision on Consumption Tax Increase and Stimulus Package
In 2013, Abe's government decided to proceed with a consumption tax increase, planned to rise from 5% to 8% in two stages. To counter potential economic slowdown, a 5-trillion yen stimulus package was announced.
2013: LDP Victory in Upper House Election
In the 2013 upper house election, the LDP secured a victory, becoming the largest party with 115 seats. This win, along with the Komeito's 20 seats, granted Abe's coalition control over both houses of the Diet. While this did not provide the two-thirds majority required for constitutional revision, it did offer a projected "three golden years" of parliamentary stability, allowing Abe to focus on implementing his policies.
2013: In Amenas Hostage Crisis and the Call for a National Security Council
Shortly after returning to power in 2013, Abe's cabinet was confronted with the In Amenas hostage crisis, a tragic event that resulted in the death of ten Japanese citizens. Abe strongly condemned the killings, labeling them "absolutely unforgivable," and confirmed that Japan and Britain had cooperated in response to the crisis. The incident solidified Abe's belief in the necessity of a Japanese National Security Council, leading him to assemble a panel to explore its establishment shortly after.
January 2014: Abe Attends India's Republic Day Parade and Strengthens Bilateral Relations
In January 2014, Abe became the first Japanese leader to attend India's Republic Day Parade in Delhi as the chief guest. During his three-day visit, he and Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh agreed to bolster cooperation in economic, defense, and security areas. They also signed trade agreements concerning energy, tourism, and telecommunications.
April 2014: Implementation of Consumption Tax Increase and Economic Recession
In April 2014, the first stage of a consumption tax increase from 5% to 8% came into effect, a policy inherited from the previous government. This measure, aimed at funding social spending, was accompanied by a stimulus package to mitigate economic impact. However, Japan entered a recession, leading Abe to delay the second stage of the tax increase and call a snap election.
May 2014: Abe Signals Japan's Desire for a Greater Regional Security Role
In a significant policy shift, Abe declared Japan's intention to assume a more prominent role in maintaining regional security. This departure from Japan's post-World War II passiveness was communicated to officials from ASEAN countries, the United States, and Australia. Abe expressed Japan's willingness to support other nations in resolving territorial disputes, signaling a more assertive foreign policy stance.
May 2014: Anticipation of Close Ties Between Abe and Newly Elected Indian PM Modi
Following the election of Narendra Modi as Prime Minister of India in May 2014, there was an expectation of a strong relationship between Abe and Modi. Their connection dated back at least seven years to when Modi was the Chief Minister of Gujarat. They had established communication, with Modi being one of the few people Abe followed on Twitter. Following Modi's victory, the two leaders exchanged congratulatory messages.
June 2014: Announcement of Extensive Structural Reforms
In June 2014, Abe unveiled a comprehensive package of structural reforms, encompassing areas like corporate governance, foreign staff hiring, healthcare, support for entrepreneurs, corporation tax cuts, childcare expansion, and overtime regulations. This announcement was seen as more substantial than the 2013 "third arrow" policies.
July 2014: Abe Cabinet Reinterprets Constitution to Allow Collective Self-Defense
In a move supported by the United States but met with criticism from China, the Abe cabinet reinterpreted Japan's constitution in July 2014 to allow for "Collective Self-Defense." This significant shift permitted the Japanese Self-Defense Forces to defend allies under attack, departing from the strictly pacifist interpretation that had previously restricted the use of force to self-defense only.
July 2014: Abe Cabinet's Decision on Collective Self-Defense
In July 2014, the Abe cabinet made a decision to reinterpret the constitution in favor of collective self-defense, allowing Japan's Self-Defense Forces to aid allied nations under attack.
August 2014: Abe Skips Yasukuni Shrine Visit on War Anniversary
In a gesture widely interpreted as an attempt to improve relations with China, South Korea, and Taiwan, Abe chose not to visit the Yasukuni Shrine on the 69th anniversary of Japan's surrender in World War II in August 2014. Despite his absence, the visit of other politicians to the shrine still sparked criticism from China and South Korea.
September 2014: Abe Reshuffles Cabinet, Appointing Record Number of Women
Seeking to promote gender diversity, Abe reshuffled his cabinet in September 2014, appointing a record-tying five women to ministerial positions.
September 2014: Conclusion of Abe's Early Diplomatic Tours
By September 2014, Abe had concluded a series of diplomatic tours, visiting a significant number of countries in an effort to raise Japan's global profile and strengthen relationships, particularly in light of strained ties with China and the Koreas.
October 2014: Bank of Japan Expands Monetary Easing Program
In a surprising move in October 2014, Haruhiko Kuroda, the Governor of the Bank of Japan, announced an expansion of the monetary easing program and an acceleration of asset purchases. This decision, supported by a narrow majority within the monetary policy committee, was seen as a response to weaker-than-expected economic data following an increase in the consumption tax.
November 2014: Speculation Mounts Over Snap Election as Abe Attends International Summits
While Abe attended the APEC forum in China and the G20 Summit in Australia in November 2014, rumors emerged in the media suggesting he might call a snap election. This speculation arose in connection with the potential delay of a planned consumption tax increase and the perceived need to reset parliamentary proceedings following recent ministerial resignations.
November 2014: Abe and Xi Jinping Hold First Meeting at APEC Summit
In November 2014, Shinzo Abe and Chinese President Xi Jinping held their first meeting since taking office, on the sidelines of the APEC summit in Beijing. Despite an initially awkward photo opportunity, the meeting marked a step towards improving relations. Abe proposed establishing a hotline to address maritime disputes.
November 2014: Delay of Consumption Tax Increase and "Growth First" Policy
In November 2014, Abe made the decision to delay the consumption tax increase, prioritizing economic growth over fiscal consolidation. This signaled a victory for the "growth first" faction within the LDP and a commitment to economic recovery.
December 2014: Controversial State Secrecy Law Takes Effect
The State Secrecy Law, passed by the Japanese Diet in December 2014, significantly expanded the government's authority to classify information as state secrets. This sparked public protests and raised concerns about potential limitations on press freedom and government transparency.
December 2014: Abe Re-elected as Prime Minister, Forms Third Cabinet
Following his coalition's victory in the general election, Abe was re-elected as Prime Minister by the House of Representatives in December 2014. His third cabinet saw minimal changes, with Gen Nakatani replacing Akinori Eto as defense minister.
2014: Abe as the "Drill Bit" for Structural Reform
At the 2014 World Economic Forum, Abe presented himself as a force for breaking down barriers to structural reforms, citing progress in agriculture, energy, and health sectors. He emphasized his commitment to the TPP, a Japan-EU trade deal, and tax, corporate governance, and planning reforms.
2014: The New York Times Labels Abe a "Nationalist"
In 2014, The New York Times published an editorial characterizing Shinzo Abe as a "nationalist" and posing a significant threat to US-Japanese relations. A separate opinion piece in the same publication branded Abe's position on comfort women a "war on truth," further solidifying his image as a revisionist figure in the eyes of international and some Japanese media outlets.
2014: LDP Victory in General Election
The LDP, led by Shinzo Abe, won the 2014 general election.
2014: Addressing Japan's Declining Birthrate
In 2014, Abe's government took steps to address Japan's declining birthrate, an issue that had become a growing concern. Millions of dollars from the fiscal budget were allocated to support programs designed to help single individuals in Japan find partners. These "Marriage support programs" were implemented with the hope of reversing the trend of a declining birthrate, which had fallen to half of what it was six decades prior.
2014: LDP-Komeito Coalition Retains Two-Thirds Majority in General Election
Despite a slight decrease in seats for the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), the ruling coalition with Komeito maintained its two-thirds majority in the 2014 general election. The LDP secured 291 seats (down by 3), while Komeito increased its representation by 4 seats to reach 35. This victory solidified the coalition's control over the lower house, now reduced to 475 members.
2014: Abe Makes Historic Address to Australian Parliament and Signs Economic Partnership Agreement
In 2014, Abe made history by becoming the first Japanese Prime Minister to address the Australian Parliament. This visit was marked by the signing of the Japan-Australia Economic Partnership Agreement with the Abbott government. During his address, Abe offered condolences for the suffering endured by Australians during World War II, specifically mentioning the Kokoda Track campaign and the Sandakan Death Marches.
2014: Strengthening Security Ties with Britain and France
In 2014, Abe prioritized strengthening Japan's security cooperation with European nations. He established a "2 + 2 framework" with British Prime Minister David Cameron, involving annual consultations between their respective foreign and defense ministries. This agreement aimed to foster collaboration on a wide range of security issues, from maritime security to cybersecurity. Similar agreements were also reached with France earlier that year, reflecting Abe's focus on expanding Japan's security partnerships beyond the Asia-Pacific region.
2014: Abe Proposes "Robot Olympics" Alongside 2020 Games
In 2014, Abe put forward the idea of hosting a "robot olympics" concurrent with the 2020 Olympic Games. He saw this as an opportunity to showcase and promote Japan's advancements in the robotics industry.
2014: Abe's Speech at the WEF Raises Concerns over China's Military Expansion
At the World Economic Forum in 2014, Abe's speech, while not explicitly mentioning China, was interpreted as a critique of its foreign and defense policies. He emphasized that economic growth in Asia should not fuel military expansion and called for upholding freedom of navigation based on international law.
January 2015: ISIL Hostage Crisis
In January 2015, ISIL threatened to kill two Japanese hostages if Japan didn't pay a ransom. Abe refused, and tragically, both hostages were killed. This event led to Abe's increased efforts to secure Japan's international security role.
February 2015: Deal to Limit JA-Zenchu Power
In February 2015, Abe's government struck a deal to limit the control of the JA-Zenchu body over Japan's agricultural co-operatives. This move aimed to facilitate TPP negotiations, improve farming sector competitiveness, and curb the influence of the agricultural lobby.
March 2015: Companies Entering the Electricity Retail Market
By March 2015, over 500 companies had applied to join the electricity retail market following the liberalization efforts. This demonstrated the success of the reforms in attracting new players and increasing competition in the energy sector.
April 2015: Address to the United States Congress
In April 2015, Abe became the first Japanese Prime Minister to address a joint session of the U.S. Congress. During this visit, he focused on strengthening the Japan-U.S. alliance, calling it an "Alliance of Hope."
May 2015: Introduction of the "Peace and Security Preservation Legislation"
In May 2015, the Abe cabinet introduced eleven bills known as the "Peace and Security Preservation Legislation" to the Diet, aiming to expand the military's capacity for operations and allow for a limited expansion of military powers.
July 2015: IMF Report on Abenomics
In July 2015, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) acknowledged the modest positive impact of Abenomics on growth prospects. However, they stressed the need for further substantial structural reforms to achieve sustainable growth and reduce dependence on yen depreciation.
August 2015: 70th Anniversary of World War II Statement
In August 2015, Abe issued a statement on the 70th anniversary of the end of World War II, expressing remorse for Japan's actions while also saying Japan shouldn't have to apologize forever. This statement drew mixed reactions internationally.
September 2015: Abe Re-elected as LDP President and Conducts Cabinet Reshuffle
In September 2015, Abe was re-elected as president of the LDP, and subsequently reshuffled his cabinet, retaining key ministers and establishing a new position for economic and social policy coordination.
October 2015: Conclusion of Trans-Pacific Partnership Talks
Abe praised the Trans-Pacific Partnership agreement in October 2015, highlighting its potential for economic growth and broader free trade agreements within the Asia-Pacific region and with Europe.
October 2015: Abe Delays Consumption Tax Increase, Calls Snap Election
Following Japan's economic recession, Abe announced in November 2014 the postponement of a planned consumption tax hike from October 2015 to April 2017. Simultaneously, he called a snap general election for December 14, framing it as a referendum on his economic policies, dubbed "Abenomics."
October 2015: Abe Presides Over JMSDF Fleet Review and Visits USS Ronald Reagan
In October 2015, Abe presided over the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force fleet review and became the first Japanese Prime Minister to step onto a US warship, signifying a strengthening of the US-Japan alliance.
October 2015: Postponed Consumption Tax Increase
Originally scheduled for October 2015, the second stage of the consumption tax increase, raising it to 10%, was postponed due to the recession that followed the first stage implemented in April 2014.
November 2015: Bilateral Meeting with South Korean President
Abe held his first bilateral meeting with South Korean President Park Geun-hye in November 2015, where they focused on resolving the "comfort women" dispute.
November 2015: Revision of GDP Figures and Aversion of Recession
Initial GDP figures released in November 2015 suggested that Japan was entering another recession. However, revised figures demonstrated modest economic growth, allowing Japan to avoid a recession.
November 2015: China-Japan-South Korea Trilateral Summit
Abe participated in the first China-Japan-South Korea trilateral summit in three years in November 2015, aiming to restore regular summits and improve relations strained by historical issues.
December 2015: Deals and Agreements with India
In December 2015, Abe and Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi signed deals involving Shinkansen technology, naval exercises, and nuclear technology, strengthening the relationship between the two countries.
December 2015: Creation of New Intelligence Unit and Approval of Largest Defense Budget
In December 2015, the Abe government announced a new intelligence unit to counter terrorism and approved Japan's largest defense budget to date, indicating a proactive stance towards national security.
December 2015: Corporation Tax Reduction Announcement
In December 2015, the government brought forward the planned corporation tax reduction, announcing a decrease to 29.97% in 2016, a year earlier than initially scheduled. This move was part of the broader structural reform efforts.
December 2015: Agreement on Reduced Consumption Tax Rate
In December 2015, the governing coalition agreed to a reduced consumption tax rate on food, a move supported by Komeito and Abe, despite opposition from some LDP members.
December 2015: Resolution of the "Comfort Women" Dispute
In December 2015, Japan and South Korea reached a deal on the "comfort women" issue. Japan offered an apology and compensation, which was met with mixed reactions in both countries.
2015: Revision of US-Japan Defense Cooperation Guidelines
The reinterpretation of Japan's constitution in 2014 paved the way for a revision of the US-Japan defense cooperation guidelines in 2015.
2015: Abe's Potential Re-election Strategies Emerge
Speculation arose that Abe might leverage a snap election to bolster his chances of re-election in 2015 or 2016.
2015: Enactment of Military Reforms
Shinzo Abe oversaw military reforms in 2015 that allowed Japan to engage in collective security and deploy the JSDF overseas.
2015: Abe Government's Restrictive Refugee Policy
In 2015, the Abe government faced criticism for its strict stance on accepting refugees from conflicts in the Middle East and Africa. Abe's statement that Japan needed to prioritize its own problems before accepting immigrants drew controversy and highlighted the challenges Japan faced in addressing its aging population and shrinking workforce.
2015: Pushing for a Large Fiscal Deficit
In 2015, Abe's government pushed for a large fiscal deficit in the budget without making cuts to social security, further demonstrating a commitment to stimulating economic growth.
2015: Criticism and Rebound of Abe's Approval Ratings
Abe's new economic policies in 2015 were met with criticism regarding their effectiveness and the feasibility of their targets. Despite this, his approval ratings saw a recovery towards the end of the year.
April 2016: Implementation of Japan's Largest Defense Budget
In April 2016, Japan's largest defense budget, approved in December 2015, went into effect, funding the purchase of advanced military equipment like drones, fighter jets, and a refueling aircraft.
May 2016: Visit to Hiroshima with Barack Obama
In a historic event in May 2016, Abe accompanied U.S. President Barack Obama to Hiroshima, the first visit of a sitting U.S. president to the city.
December 2016: Visit to USS Arizona Memorial
In December 2016, Abe visited the USS Arizona Memorial in Honolulu, reciprocating Obama's visit to Hiroshima and further emphasizing the reconciliation between the two countries.
2016: Japan's Decline in Press Freedom Rankings
In 2016, Japan's ranking on the Press Freedom Index plummeted to 72nd place, a stark contrast from its 11th place ranking just six years earlier. Abe's persistent attempts to control and suppress media outlets were highlighted as a major contributing factor to this decline.
2016: Implementation of Corporation Tax Cut
The corporation tax cut, bringing it down to 29.97%, came into effect in 2016, a year ahead of the initial schedule. This demonstrated a commitment to stimulating business growth and investment.
2016: Expected Full Liberalization of the Electricity Industry
The electricity industry was expected to be fully liberalized by 2016, marking a significant shift in Japan's energy sector and opening up opportunities for new businesses and competition.
2016: Anticipated End of "Three Golden Years"
This year marked the projected end of the "three golden years" of parliamentary stability that followed the LDP's victory in the 2013 upper house election, leading up to the next scheduled national elections.
2016: Abe Considers Long-Term Political Strategy
Abe contemplated potential political maneuvering, including a snap election, as part of a broader strategy for re-election in 2016.
2016: LDP–Komeito Victory in House of Councillors Election
The LDP–Komeito coalition, led by Abe, won the 2016 House of Councillors election, securing the largest majority since its establishment and igniting discussions on constitutional reform.
April 2017: Rescheduled Second Stage of Consumption Tax Increase
After being postponed twice, the second stage of the consumption tax increase was rescheduled for April 2017. This decision followed a period of economic recession and careful consideration of its potential impact.
April 2017: New Deadline Set for Consumption Tax Increase
With Japan entering a recession, Abe made the decision to delay a planned increase in the consumption tax, setting a new target date of April 2017. This move aimed to mitigate the economic downturn.
April 2017: Implementation of Consumption Tax Increase with Reduced Rate for Food
The consumption tax increase from 8% to 10% took effect in April 2017, with a reduced rate applied to food items, as agreed upon by the ruling coalition in December 2015.
May 2017: Abe Announces Timeline for Constitutional Reform
In May 2017, Abe announced that the constitutional reform, a topic of debate since the 2016 election, would be implemented by 2020.
2017: LDP Victory in General Election
The LDP, under Shinzo Abe's leadership, secured another victory in the 2017 general election.
2017: End of Period with Errors in Economic Statistics
This year marked the end of a period plagued by errors in Japan's key economic statistics, as revealed in 2019. The discovery of these errors, which spanned over a decade, led to questions about the reliability of Japanese economic data and its potential impact on policy decisions.
2017: 2017 General Election and Typhoon Lan
On 22 October 2017, amidst the North Korea crisis and the onslaught of Typhoon Lan, Japan held a general election. Prime Minister Abe's call for this snap election on 25 September was met with criticism from political opponents who saw it as a tactic to avoid parliamentary scrutiny regarding alleged scandals. Despite the challenges, Abe's ruling coalition secured a near majority of the votes and two-thirds of the seats.
2017: US Withdrawal from the Trans-Pacific Partnership
In 2017, the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) faced a significant setback when the United States, under then-President Donald Trump, decided to withdraw from the agreement. This move cast uncertainty over the future of the TPP.
2017: Anticipated Liberalization of Gas Utilities
Following the liberalization of the electricity industry, gas utilities were expected to follow suit by 2017, further enhancing competition in the energy sector and providing more choices for consumers.
2017: Abe's Legacy and Influence in 2017
In 2017, even after his death, Shinzo Abe continued to be recognized for his impact. He was called the "shadow shogun" for his significant influence, and experts dubbed him the "most consequential modern Japanese leader." Some believed his legacy might be a revised Japanese constitution, particularly Article 9, which prohibits war. He's also credited with the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) and its successor, the CPTPP, after the US pulled out.
March 2018: Moritomo Gakuen Scandal and Accusations
March 2018 saw Abe facing serious allegations. The finance ministry, led by Taro Aso, was exposed for falsifying documents related to the Moritomo Gakuen scandal. These documents were presented to the parliament and aimed to conceal Abe's involvement in the controversy. Adding to the turmoil, accusations surfaced claiming Abe had shown favoritism to his friend Kotaro Kake in securing approval for a veterinary department at Kake Gakuen. Despite Abe's denials and pronouncements of innocence, public trust in his administration plummeted, with approval ratings dropping below 30%, the lowest since he took office in 2012.
July 2018: Ratification of the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP)
In a significant move towards regional trade liberalization, Japan, under Abe's leadership, became the second country after Mexico to ratify the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) in July 2018. The CPTPP emerged from the Trans-Pacific Partnership, which failed to come into effect after the United States, under then-President Donald Trump, withdrew from the agreement in early 2017.
July 2018: Drinking Party During Floods
In July 2018, amidst devastating floods in western Japan, Abe's decision to attend a drinking party with LDP lawmakers sparked public outrage and further tarnished his public image. The incident raised concerns about his judgment and sensitivity to the plight of those affected by the disaster.
September 2018: Re-election as LDP Leader
Shinzo Abe solidified his leadership within the Liberal Democratic Party by winning the election for party leader in September 2018.
2018: Deterioration of Relations with South Korea and "Comfort Women" Dispute
From 2018 onwards, Japan's relationship with South Korea faced a significant downturn. During negotiations regarding a "comfort women" agreement with then South Korean President Moon Jae-in, Abe insisted on the removal of comfort women statues erected in South Korea, the United States, Australia, and Germany. This demand caused further friction between the two nations.
2018: "Two Plus Alpha" Approach to Territorial Dispute with Russia
In 2018, Abe introduced the "two plus alpha" approach to the territorial dispute with Russia, modifying the stance of previous governments that demanded the return of Habomai, Shikotan, Etorofu, and Kunashiri islands to Japan's sovereignty.
2018: Review of Fiscal Strategy
The government pledged to review its fiscal strategy in 2018 if the primary deficit had not fallen to 1% of GDP by that time, indicating a flexible approach to economic management and a willingness to adapt based on results.
2018: Visit to China and Promise to Ease Visa Restrictions
During his formal visit to China in 2018, Abe aimed to strengthen diplomatic relations with the nation. He held meetings with President Xi Jinping and pledged to ease visa restrictions for Chinese citizens, particularly teenagers, in 2019. Abe also extended an invitation to Xi Jinping to visit Japan to further enhance relations between the two countries.
2018: Support for the North Korea-United States Summit
In 2018, Abe expressed support for the North Korea-United States summit, acknowledging North Korea's shift in diplomatic approach. He credited the change to the collective sanctions imposed by the United States, Japan, and South Korea. However, Abe urged caution to President Trump, advising against compromising on North Korea's missile program. Abe also sought a bilateral meeting with North Korea to address the abduction of Japanese citizens and requested President Trump's assistance in raising the issue during the summit.
August 2019: Trade Dispute and Removal of South Korea from Trade Whitelist
The Supreme Court of Korea and other high courts issued orders in late 2018 requiring several Japanese companies, including Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Nachi-Fujikoshi, and Nippon Steel, to compensate families of Koreans subjected to unfair treatment and forced labor during World War II. These rulings were met with strong opposition from the Japanese government. Abe argued that all matters pertaining to Japan's rule of Korea were settled under the Treaty on Basic Relations Between Japan and the Republic of Korea, which normalized relations between the two countries. He contended that South Korea's demands for further reparations violated the treaty. In August 2019, Abe's cabinet made the decision to remove South Korea from Japan's trade "whitelist," leading to a trade dispute that further strained relations between the two countries.
November 2019: Longest-Serving Prime Minister of Japan
In a historic moment in November 2019, Shinzo Abe surpassed Katsura Taro's record to become Japan's longest-serving prime minister, marking 2,883 days in office.
2019: Allegations of Cover-Up Regarding Missing Japanese Citizens in North Korea
Reports in 2019 revealed that Abe authorized the concealment of information regarding two missing Japanese citizens residing in North Korea. The revelation raised concerns about transparency and accountability in Abe's government.
2019: Resumption of Commercial Whaling
In 2019, after a hiatus of 31 years, Japan resumed commercial whaling. This decision followed Japan's withdrawal from the International Whaling Commission (IWC). Abe, who represented a district with a prominent whaling center, had long advocated for the resumption of commercial whaling.
2019: Strained Japan-South Korea Relations and Trade Dispute
In 2019, tensions arose between Japan and South Korea over historical disputes and a trade dispute initiated by Abe's government after a South Korean Supreme Court ruling on reparations.
2019: Data Scandal Raises Doubts about Abenomics' Effectiveness
In 2019, a significant data scandal emerged, revealing widespread errors in Japan's economic statistics collected between 2005 and 2017. This revelation cast doubt on the effectiveness of Abe's economic program and the reliability of Japanese economic data, leading to criticism from opposition politicians and scrutiny from journalists.
2019: Caution to Xi Jinping Regarding Hong Kong Protests
During the G20 Summit, Abe cautioned Xi Jinping about the protests in Hong Kong. He emphasized the importance of a "free and open Hong Kong" that thrives under the "one country, two systems" framework.
May 2020: Hiromu Kurokawa Scandal
In May 2020, Abe faced renewed scrutiny and criticism for extending the term of Tokyo's top prosecutor, Hiromu Kurokawa. The situation deteriorated further when Kurokawa was implicated in a gambling scandal, leading to his resignation. The handling of the Kurokawa affair significantly impacted Abe's approval rating, which plummeted from 40% to 27% during that month.
June 2020: Relapse of Colitis and Deteriorating Health
In June 2020, Abe experienced a relapse of his ulcerative colitis, leading to a decline in his health throughout the summer.
August 2020: Longest Consecutive Term as Prime Minister
Shinzo Abe achieved another milestone in August 2020, this time surpassing Eisaku Sato's record for the longest consecutive term as prime minister with 2,798 days in office.
August 2020: Announcement of Resignation as Prime Minister
On 28 August 2020, after multiple hospital visits due to his worsening health, Abe announced his decision to step down as Prime Minister. He cited his inability to fulfill his duties while undergoing treatment for his condition as the reason for his resignation.
September 2020: Election of Yoshihide Suga as Successor
Following Abe's resignation announcement, Yoshihide Suga was elected as his successor by the LDP on 14 September 2020, assuming office as Prime Minister on 16 September.
2020: Resignation as Prime Minister
Citing health concerns, Shinzo Abe resigned from his position as Prime Minister in 2020.
2020: Tokyo Hosts the Olympic and Paralympic Games
The Olympic and Paralympic Games were held in Tokyo, an event that Abe had hoped would symbolize the success of his Abenomics economic revitalization program.
2020: Resignation from Second Term as Prime Minister
In 2020, Shinzo Abe stepped down as Prime Minister due to health reasons.
2020: Preparation for 2020 Olympics
In 2020, Japan hosted the Olympic Games, for which Abe's government had been actively preparing, including by strengthening security measures.
2020: Target for Primary Surplus
Despite the focus on economic growth, the government committed to achieving a primary surplus by 2020. This target demonstrated a long-term view of fiscal responsibility alongside the short-term focus on economic stimulus.
2020: Target for Women in Leadership Positions
Abe set a goal for women to hold 30% of leadership positions by 2020. This ambitious target reflected a commitment to gender equality and recognizing the untapped potential of women in the Japanese workforce.
2020: Target Year for Constitutional Reform
Abe had set a goal to implement constitutional reform by 2020, a move that had been a subject of debate and speculation within Japanese politics.
July 2021: Career Retrospective Interview
In July 2021, Abe participated in a career retrospective interview with H.R. McMaster of the Hoover Institute, reflecting on his time in office and sharing insights into his political journey.
2021: Announcement of "Abenomics 2.0"
Abe announced "Abenomics 2.0" in 2021, aiming to address Japan's low fertility rate, aging population, and create a more active society.
2021: Confirmation of Negotiation Strategy with Russia
In a 2021 interview, Abe shed light on his 2018 negotiations with Russian President Vladimir Putin. He confirmed that he had requested Fumio Kishida to continue with the "two plus alpha" approach to prevent further deterioration of Japan's relationship with Russia.
July 2022: Assassination of Shinzo Abe
On July 2022, while delivering a campaign speech in Nara, Japan, former Prime Minister Shinzo Abe was fatally shot. The assassin, Tetsuya Yamagami, approached Abe from behind and fired two shots from an improvised firearm, striking Abe in the neck and arm.
July 2022: Assassination of Shinzo Abe
On July 8, 2022, Shinzo Abe was tragically assassinated while giving a speech in Nara.
July 2022: Assassination of Shinzo Abe
Shinzo Abe was assassinated on July 8, 2022, while giving a campaign speech in Nara.
September 2022: State Funeral for Shinzo Abe
Following his assassination in July, a state funeral for former Prime Minister Shinzo Abe was held in September 2022. The event drew condolences and support from numerous world leaders, past and present.