Controversies are a part of history. Explore the biggest scandals linked to Donald Trump.
Donald John Trump is an American politician, media personality, and businessman. As a member of the Republican Party, he served as the 45th U.S. President from 2017 to 2021. He is also the 47th president of the United States.
Donald Trump started a global trade war, imposing tariffs at the highest level since the 1930 Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act at the onset of the Great Depression.
In 2025, Trump rescinded Lyndon B. Johnson's 1965 Executive Order 11246, which mandated that federal contractors take affirmative action to end racial discrimination.
In 1973, Donald Trump, with the help of Roy Cohn, countersued the U.S. government for $100 million over charges of discrimination against Black applicants and tenants, though the counterclaims were dismissed and the case was settled.
In 1976, Donald Trump did not release his tax returns, contrary to the practice of every major candidate since then.
In 1984, Donald Trump, posing as a Trump Organization official named "John Barron", called journalist Jonathan Greenberg, trying to get a higher ranking on the Forbes 400 list of wealthy Americans.
From 1986, Donald Trump purchased significant blocks of shares in various public companies while suggesting that he intended to take over the company.
In 1987, Donald Trump placed full-page advertisements in major newspapers expressing his views on foreign policy and how to eliminate the federal budget deficit.
In 1988, Donald Trump approached Lee Atwater, asking to be put into consideration to be Republican nominee George H. W. Bush's running mate.
In 1988, Donald Trump sold his shares for a profit after suggesting that he intended to take over the company, leading some observers to think he was engaged in greenmail.
In 1989, Donald Trump insisted that a group of five black and Latino teenagers were guilty of raping a white woman in the Central Park jogger case.
In 1990, Donald Trump and Ivana Zelníčková divorced following his affair with Marla Maples.
In 1992, Donald Trump and his siblings formed All County Building Supply & Maintenance Corp, alleged to have been a shell company for marking up the costs of services and supplies for Trump's rental units.
In January 1994, Donald Trump and his siblings formed Apartment Management Associates to take over the management fees formerly collected by Trump Management, which served to inflate rents and transfer assets from Fred Trump.
In 1995, Donald Trump declared a loss of $916 million, which could have let him avoid taxes for up to 18 years.
In 2002, the black and Latino teenagers were exonerated, but Donald Trump continued to insist they were guilty.
In 2005, Donald Trump cofounded Trump University, a company that sold real estate seminars.
In 2005, Donald Trump was recorded on a "hot mic" bragging about kissing and groping women without their consent, saying that, "when you're a star, they let you do it. You can do anything. ... Grab 'em by the pussy."
The case stemmed from evidence that Donald Trump booked Michael Cohen's hush-money payments to adult film actress Stormy Daniels as business expenses to cover up his alleged 2006–2007 affair with Daniels during the 2016 election.
The case stemmed from evidence that Donald Trump booked Michael Cohen's hush-money payments to adult film actress Stormy Daniels as business expenses to cover up his alleged 2006–2007 affair with Daniels during the 2016 election.
In 2010, Trump University's name was changed to the Trump Entrepreneur Initiative after New York State authorities notified the company that its use of "university" violated state law.
In 2011, Donald Trump became the leading proponent of the racist "birther" conspiracy theory that Barack Obama was not born in the United States.
In 2013, the State of New York filed a $40 million civil suit against Trump University, alleging that the company made false statements and defrauded consumers.
In 2014, Donald Trump promised to release tax returns if he ran for office.
In June 2015, NBC and Univision dropped the Miss Universe pageants in reaction to Donald Trump's comments about Mexican immigrants.
From August 2015 to April 2020, there were at least 54 criminal cases where Donald Trump's rhetoric was invoked in connection with violence or threats of violence.
In 2015, Donald Trump promised to release tax returns if he ran for office.
In July 2016, the FBI launched Crossfire Hurricane, an investigation into possible links between Russia and Donald Trump's 2016 campaign.
In September 2016, Donald Trump acknowledged that Barack Obama was born in the U.S., though reportedly expressed birther views privately in 2017.
In October 2016, a 2005 "hot mic" recording surfaced, featuring Donald Trump bragging about kissing and groping women without their consent. He said, "when you're a star, they let you do it. You can do anything. ... Grab 'em by the pussy." The incident led to widespread media exposure and his first public apology during his 2016 presidential campaign.
In October 2016, portions of Donald Trump's state filings for 1995 were leaked to a reporter from The New York Times.
In December 2016, Donald Trump's team announced that the Donald J. Trump Foundation would be dissolved.
During his 2016 campaign, Donald Trump urged or praised physical attacks against protesters or reporters.
During the 2016 campaign, Donald Trump benefited from an estimated $2 billion in free media coverage. He also accused the press of bias, calling it the "fake news media" and "the enemy of the people".
During the 2016 campaign, Donald Trump pledged that Roe v. Wade would be overturned "automatically" if he were elected and given the opportunity to appoint two or three anti-abortion justices.
In 2016, Donald Trump mentioned "rigged election" and "election interference" during his campaign.
In 2016, Donald Trump said he supported the use of interrogation torture methods "a hell of a lot worse than waterboarding."
Shortly after he won the 2016 presidential election, Donald Trump agreed to pay a total of $25 million to settle the Trump University cases.
The case stemmed from evidence that Donald Trump booked Michael Cohen's hush-money payments to adult film actress Stormy Daniels as business expenses to cover up his alleged affair with Daniels during the 2016 election.
In January 2017, Donald Trump signed an executive order that denied entry to citizens from six Muslim-majority countries for four months and from Syria indefinitely, leading to protests and legal challenges.
In January 2017, three U.S. intelligence agencies jointly stated with "high confidence" that Russia interfered in the 2016 presidential election to favor Donald Trump.
In February 2017, three of Donald Trump's agents reportedly seized his medical records in a raid on Harold Bornstein's office.
In May 2017, Donald Trump dismissed James Comey as FBI director, citing concerns about Comey's role in the Trump–Russia investigations.
In May 2017, after Donald Trump fired Comey, the FBI opened a second investigation into Trump's personal and business dealings with Russia.
In December 2017, The Supreme Court allowed the version of the travel ban that extended travel bans to North Koreans, Chadians, and some Venezuelan officials to go into effect.
Between 2017 and 2021 during Trump's first presidency, 63 percent of Americans did not believe that he was religious, despite his professed Christian affiliation.
In 2017, Donald Trump reportedly expressed birther views privately, despite acknowledging Barack Obama's birth in the U.S. in September 2016.
In 2017, Donald Trump's comments on the Unite the Right rally, condemning "this egregious display of hatred, bigotry and violence on many sides" and stating that there were "very fine people on both sides", were criticized as implying a moral equivalence between the white supremacist demonstrators and the counter-protesters.
In July 2025, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act made the tax cuts of the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act permanent.
In January 2018, during a discussion of immigration legislation, Donald Trump reportedly referred to El Salvador, Haiti, Honduras, and African nations as "shithole countries," which were widely condemned as racist.
In June 2018, Donald Trump acceded to public pressure and mandated that illegal immigrant families be detained together unless "there is a concern" of risk for the child, after initially blaming Democrats for the family separation policy.
In June 2018, the New York attorney general's office filed a civil suit against the Donald J. Trump Foundation, Donald Trump, and his adult children.
In June 2018, the Trump administration joined 18 Republican-led states in arguing before the Supreme Court that the elimination of the financial penalties associated with the Affordable Care Act's individual mandate had rendered the Act unconstitutional, which could have eliminated health insurance coverage for up to 23 million Americans.
In December 2018, the Donald J. Trump Foundation ceased operation and disbursed its assets to other charities.
As of 2018, Donald Trump had been involved in more than 4,000 lawsuits, liens, and other filings.
In 2018, Harold Bornstein stated that Donald Trump had dictated the contents of the 2015 health letter released by his campaign.
In 2018, it was revealed that Donald Trump borrowed at least $60 million from his father, largely did not repay the loans, and received another $413 million (2018 equivalent, adjusted for inflation) from his father's company.
In a 2018 national poll, about half of respondents said Donald Trump is racist; a greater proportion believed that he emboldened racists.
In March 2019, Robert Mueller submitted his final report on Russian interference in the 2016 election. The report found that Russia did interfere to favor Donald Trump and that Trump and his campaign welcomed and encouraged the effort, but that the evidence "did not establish" that Trump campaign members conspired or coordinated with Russia.
In April 2019, the House Oversight Committee issued subpoenas seeking financial details from Donald Trump's banks, Deutsche Bank and Capital One, and his accounting firm, Mazars USA. He sued to prevent the disclosures.
In July 2019, Donald Trump tweeted that four Democratic congresswomen—all minorities, three of whom are native-born Americans—should "go back" to the countries they "came from", resulting in the House of Representatives voting to condemn his "racist comments".
In July 2019, a whistleblower complaint revealed that Donald Trump had pressured Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelenskyy to investigate Joe and Hunter Biden.
In November 2019, a New York state judge ordered Donald Trump to pay $2 million to a group of charities for misusing the Donald J. Trump Foundation's funds.
In December 2019, the House voted to impeach Donald Trump for abuse of power and obstruction of Congress.
In 2019, Donald Trump was impeached for abuse of power and obstruction of Congress, but was acquitted by the Senate.
In 2019, journalist E. Jean Carroll accused Donald Trump of raping her in the 1990s and sued him for defamation over his denial.
In January 2020, Donald Trump expressed willingness to consider cuts to Medicare and other social safety-net programs, despite promising to protect funding for these programs during the 2016 campaign.
From August 2015 to April 2020, there were at least 54 criminal cases where Donald Trump's rhetoric was invoked in connection with violence or threats of violence.
In April 2020, Donald Trump halted funding of the World Health Organization after weeks of attacks to draw attention away from his slow response to the pandemic. Also in April 2020, he encouraged anti-lockdown protests on Twitter, despite the targeted states not meeting his administration's guidelines for reopening.
In May 2020, ABC News conducted a nationwide review identifying at least 54 criminal cases, spanning from August 2015 to April 2020, where Donald Trump's rhetoric was invoked in direct connection with violence or threats of violence, primarily by white men against minorities.
In May 2020, Twitter began to tag some of Donald Trump's tweets with fact-checks, leading him to say social media platforms "totally silence" conservatives.
In June 2020, during the George Floyd protests, federal law-enforcement officials used tear gas and other crowd control tactics to remove protesters from Lafayette Square, outside the White House, after which Donald Trump posed with a Bible for a photo-op at St. John's Episcopal Church.
In August 2020, a federal judge halted the Trump administration's attempted rollback of anti-discrimination protections for transgender patients, following a Supreme Court ruling that extended employees' civil rights protections to gender identity and sexual orientation.
In November 2020, Joe Biden won the election, receiving 81.3 million votes to Trump's 74.2 million. Trump baselessly alleged election fraud.
In December 2020, reports emerged that U.S. military leaders were on high alert, discussing what to do if Donald Trump declared martial law. There were also concerns he might attempt a coup or military action against China or Iran.
After his reelection, the 2020 election obstruction case and the classified documents case were dismissed without prejudice due to Justice Department policy against prosecuting sitting presidents.
After the 2020 presidential election, Donald Trump promoted conspiracy theories regarding his defeat, which were characterized as "the big lie."
As of 2020, 26 women had publicly accused Donald Trump of sexual misconduct, including rape, kissing without consent, groping, looking under women's skirts, and walking in on naked teenage pageant contestants. He has denied all of the allegations.
In 2020, Donald Trump made attempts to overturn the results of the presidential election.
In 2020, Donald Trump mentioned "rigged election" and "election interference" during his campaign.
In 2020, Donald Trump's presidential campaign sued The New York Times, The Washington Post, and CNN for defamation in opinion pieces about his stance on Russian election interference. All suits were dismissed.
In 2020, Donald Trump's unproven promotion of antimalarial drugs as a treatment for COVID-19 led to a U.S. shortage and panic-buying in Africa and South Asia.
In 2020, a racketeering case related to the election is pending in Georgia.
In 2020, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, Donald Trump downplayed its severity, contradicted health officials, and signed the CARES Act.
Starting in early 2020, Trump sowed doubts about the election, claiming without evidence that it would be rigged and that widespread use of mail balloting would produce massive election fraud.
These events are in connection with Donald Trump's efforts to overturn the 2020 election and his involvement in the January 6 attack.
On January 6, 2021, Donald Trump held a rally at the Ellipse, urging his supporters to "fight like hell" and march to the Capitol. His supporters then formed a mob that broke into the building.
On January 13, 2021, the House of Representatives charged Donald Trump with incitement of insurrection following the January 6 Capitol attack.
In February 2021, the U.S. Supreme Court allowed Donald Trump's tax records to be released to the Manhattan district attorney for a criminal investigation.
In May 2021, Donald Trump and many of his supporters began using the term "big lie" to refer to the 2020 election itself.
In July 2021, The Washington Post surveyed federal agencies, which reported that they had not received any gifts from Donald Trump after July 2020, despite his earlier publicized donations of his presidential salary.
Between 2017 and 2021 during Trump's first presidency, 63 percent of Americans did not believe that he was religious, despite his professed Christian affiliation.
In 2021, Donald Trump reduced the number of refugees admitted to the United States to a record low of 15,000, down from an annual limit of 110,000 before he took office.
In 2021, Donald Trump resigned from SAG-AFTRA to avoid a disciplinary hearing regarding the January 6 attack. Two days later, the union permanently barred him.
In 2021, following his attempts to overturn the 2020 presidential election, the January 6 Capitol attack occurred, and Donald Trump was impeached for incitement of insurrection, though he was later acquitted.
In January 2022, the National Archives and Records Administration retrieved 15 boxes of documents that Donald Trump had taken to Mar-a-Lago after leaving the White House, some of which were classified.
On August 8, 2022, FBI agents searched Mar-a-Lago for illegally held documents, including those in breach of the Espionage Act, collecting 11 sets of classified documents, some marked top secret.
In September 2022, Donald Trump and the House Oversight Committee reached a settlement regarding Mazars, and the firm began turning over documents.
In December 2022, the U.S. House committee on the January 6 attack recommended criminal charges against Donald Trump for obstructing an official proceeding, conspiracy to defraud the United States, and inciting or assisting an insurrection.
In 2022, New York filed a civil lawsuit against Donald Trump accusing him of inflating the Trump Organization's value.
In 2022, Roe v. Wade was overturned by Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization. Trump later took credit, noting that all three of his Supreme Court nominees voted with the majority.
In June 2023, a federal grand jury constituted by Special Counsel Jack Smith indicted Donald Trump on 31 counts of "willfully retaining national defense information" under the Espionage Act, among other charges.
In August 2023, a grand jury in Fulton County, Georgia, indicted Donald Trump on 13 charges, including racketeering, for his efforts to subvert the 2020 election in the state.
In 2023, Donald Trump was found liable in civil cases for sexual abuse, defamation, and business fraud.
In May 2024, Donald Trump was convicted on 34 felony counts of falsifying business records related to hush-money payments.
In July 2024, Judge Aileen Cannon dismissed the case against Donald Trump, ruling Special Counsel Jack Smith's appointment as special prosecutor was unconstitutional.
In December 2024, federal appeals courts upheld the findings and awards in the E. Jean Carroll defamation case.
By 2024, Donald Trump repeatedly voiced support for outlawing political dissent and criticism, suggesting that reporters should be prosecuted and media companies should possibly lose their broadcast licenses.
Donald Trump's rhetoric intensified during his 2024 presidential campaign, using fearmongering and demagogy.
During his 2024 campaign and second presidency, Donald Trump frequently posted AI-generated content of himself as pop-culture icons or mocking immigrants.
During the 2024 campaign, Donald Trump promised to release files relating to Jeffrey Epstein.
During the 2024 presidential campaign, Donald Trump made false attacks against the racial identity of his opponent, Kamala Harris, that were described as reminiscent of the birther conspiracy theory. His 2024 campaign made extensive use of dehumanizing language and racial stereotypes.
In 2024, Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington reported that Donald Trump had donated $448,000 of an estimated $13.6 million in payments from foreign governments during his first term.
In 2024, Donald Trump refused to commit to accepting the election results and analysts noted the intensification of his "heads I win; tails you cheated" rhetorical strategy, with claims of a rigged election becoming the backbone of the campaign.
In 2024, Donald Trump was found guilty of falsifying business records, making him the first U.S. president convicted of a felony.
On January 10, 2025, the judge gave Donald Trump a no-penalty sentence known as an unconditional discharge, saying that punitive requirements would have interfered with presidential immunity.
In February 2025, Donald Trump and Vice President Vance berated Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelenskyy in a highly contentious televised meeting, described by media outlets as an unprecedented public confrontation between an American president and a foreign head of state.
In February 2025, the White House stated that Elon Musk was a special government employee, and Donald Trump gave Musk's Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE) access to many federal government agencies.
By July 2025, Donald Trump had extracted more than $1.2 billion in settlements as part of a "cultural crackdown" against various institutions. These actions, aimed at political opponents and civil society, were described as authoritarian and negatively impacting the rule of law.
In July 2025, Donald Trump signed the One Big Beautiful Bill Act into law, making the tax cuts of the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act permanent, increasing funding for national defense, deportations, the border wall, and a missile shield, and removing tax credits for clean energy projects. It also cut funding for Medicaid and SNAP with additional work requirements.
In July 2025, the Trump administration accepted a $400 million luxury jet from Qatar to serve as Air Force One until the end of his second term, with retrofitting estimated to cost up to $1 billion.
By August 2025, Donald Trump had dismissed or fired several of his own nominees and gave existing personnel multiple jobs.
In August 2025, Donald Trump's mandatory disclosure of investment showed that, since taking office, he had made 690 purchases of municipal bonds and corporate stock totaling around at least $104 million, including stock in companies affected by his changes to federal policies.
In August 2025, the appeals court upheld Donald Trump's liability and nonmonetary penalties in the New York civil lawsuit but voided the monetary penalty as excessive.
In September 2025, federal appeals courts upheld the findings and awards in the E. Jean Carroll battery case.
In 2025, Donald Trump promoted false claims of white genocide in South Africa and created the White South African refugee program.
In 2025, media attention and public pressure mounted when Donald Trump's administration did not release files relating to Jeffrey Epstein, despite his promise to do so during the 2024 campaign.
In 2025, upon taking office, Donald Trump signed a series of executive orders, many of which tested his legal authority and drew immediate legal action. Analysis showed that nearly two-thirds of his executive actions mirrored proposals from Project 2025, and several actions ignored or violated federal laws, regulations, and the Constitution.
The cuts and additional requirements to Medicaid and SNAP, as part of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, will take effect after the 2026 general election.
The Congressional Budget Office projected that the One Big Beautiful Bill Act would increase the budget deficit by $3.4 trillion by 2034.
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