Colorado, a Mountain state in the Western U.S., is known for its diverse landscape encompassing mountains, forests, plains, mesas, canyons, and deserts. It borders Wyoming, Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma, Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah. Colorado encompasses a large portion of the Southern Rocky Mountains. As of July 1, 2024, its estimated population was 5,957,493, making it the 21st most populous and 8th largest state by area in the U.S.
In 1901, Denver established a record for consecutive days above 90 °F (32 °C).
In 1903, poor labor conditions and miner discontent led to clashes between strikers and the Colorado National Guard, including the 1903–1904 Western Federation of Miners Strike.
In 1904, the 1903–1904 Western Federation of Miners Strike continued, amidst poor labor conditions and miner discontent, leading to clashes with the Colorado National Guard.
In 1905, Holly Sugar was first milled from beets in Holly, Colorado.
In 1906, Irish playwright Oscar Wilde visited Colorado on his tour of the United States in 1882, writing in his 1906 Impressions of America that Leadville was "the richest city in the world. It has also got the reputation of being the roughest, and every man carries a revolver."
In 1908, Colorado became the first western state to host a major political convention when the Democratic Party met in Denver.
From 1910 to 1922, Colorado and Utah dominated radium mining, with uranium and vanadium as byproducts.
In 1910, Samsonite luggage, a well-known brand, originated in Denver factories and laboratories.
In 1911, Gates belts and hoses, a well-known brand, originated in Denver factories and laboratories.
In 1913, the 1913–1914 Colorado Coalfield War occurred, resulting in federal troops intervening to end the violence.
In 1914, the 1913-1914 Colorado Coalfield War included the Ludlow massacre, which resulted in the deaths of a dozen women and children.
In 1920, CoorsTek industrial ceramics originated in Golden, Colorado.
In 1920, the Denver streetcar strike resulted in federal troops intervening to end the violence.
In 1921, Sacred Heart College was renamed Regis College.
From 1910 to 1922, Colorado and Utah dominated radium mining, with uranium and vanadium as byproducts.
In 1923, Russell Stover Candies, a well-known brand, originated in Denver factories and laboratories.
On April 1, 1924, armed students patrolled the Regis College campus after a burning cross was found, which was the climax of tensions between the college and the Ku Klux Klan.
In 1924, the Ku Klux Klan Colorado Realm achieved dominance in Colorado politics, controlling local and state Democrat and Republican parties.
In 1927, the 1927-28 Colorado coal strike began, leading to a dollar a day increase in wages, although the Columbine Mine massacre resulted in six dead strikers.
By the U.S. census in 1930, the population of Colorado first exceeded one million residents.
In 1930, the present-day Swift packed meat of Greeley evolved from Monfort of Colorado, Inc.
On November 8, 1932, Colorado approved the repeal of alcohol prohibition, more than a year before the Twenty-first Amendment to the United States Constitution was ratified.
In 1935, the Agricultural College of Colorado was renamed the Colorado State College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts.
In 1940, the U.S. Census Bureau reported Colorado's population as 8.2% Hispanic and 90.3% non-Hispanic White.
In 1940, the Ute Mountain Ute Indian Reservation (Ute dialect: Wʉgama Núuchi) was established in Colorado.
In 1941, at the time of the attack on Pearl Harbor, the battleship USS Colorado was located at the naval base in San Diego, California, and thus went unscathed.
In 1945, the last wild wolf in Colorado was shot, following a process of extirpation by trapping and poisoning of the gray wolf from Colorado in the 1930s.
During the interval between 1947 and 1972, mountain goats were introduced to Colorado.
In 1948, Colorado voted for the Democratic candidate in the presidential election, marking an exception in the post-World War II era when it was a reliably Republican state.
In 1949, Jolly Rancher candy originated in Golden, Colorado.
Since at least 1953, Colorado has banned the sale of motor vehicles on Sunday via C.R.S. section 12-6-302.
On April 1, 1954, President Dwight Eisenhower signed a law to create a U.S. Air Force Academy.
On September 11, 1957, a plutonium fire occurred at the Rocky Flats Plant, resulting in the significant plutonium contamination of surrounding populated areas.
In 1957, the Colorado State College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts became Colorado State University.
Bill Ritter's election in 2007 marked the first electoral victory for a native-born Coloradan in a gubernatorial race since 1958.
In 1958, Estes model rockets were launched in Penrose, Colorado.
In 1962, Waterpik dental water jets and showerheads originated in Fort Collins, Colorado.
In 1964, Colorado voted for the Democratic candidate in the presidential election, marking an exception in the post-World War II era when it was a reliably Republican state.
In 1965, the Denver Flood occurred.
In 1967, Colorado was the first state to loosen restrictions on abortion when governor John Love signed a law allowing abortions in cases of rape, incest, or threats to the woman's mental or physical health.
In March 1969, the National Chicano Youth Liberation Conference, which is widely considered to have begun in Denver, was held in Colorado.
In 1969, Celestial Seasonings herbal teas have been made in Boulder, Colorado.
On May 12, 1970, Denver had been chosen by the International Olympic Committee as the host city for the 1976 Winter Olympics, which were scheduled to be held in the state.
During the interval between 1947 and 1972, mountain goats were introduced to Colorado.
In 1972, Colorado voters rejected a referendum proposal to fund the 1976 Winter Olympics, which had been scheduled to be held in the state.
As of June 2020, there were 525 recorded earthquakes in Colorado since 1973, a majority of which range 2 to 3.5 on the Richter scale.
John David Vanderhoof had ascended from the Lieutenant Governorship when John Arthur Love was given a position in Richard Nixon's administration in 1973.
From 1975 (when John David Vanderhoof left office) until 2007, Colorado did not have a native-born governor.
In 1976, the Big Thompson River flooding occurred.
The 1976 Winter Olympics were not held in Colorado, as in 1972 Colorado voters rejected a referendum proposal to fund them.
In 1981, Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory made its first candy in Durango, Colorado.
In presidential elections, it had not been won until 2020 by double digits since 1984 and has backed the winning candidate in 9 of the last 11 elections.
On February 1, 1985, the lowest official air temperature recorded in Colorado was −61 °F (−51.7 °C) at Maybell.
In 1988 the "Rio Grande" was acquired, but was merged into, the Southern Pacific Railroad by their joint owner Philip Anschutz.
On July 11, 1990, a severe hailstorm hit Denver.
In 1990, the Limon F3 tornado occurred in the Eastern Plains of Colorado.
In 1991, Regis College was renamed Regis University.
In 1992, Colorado voted for the Democratic candidate in the presidential election, marking an exception in the post-World War II era when it was a reliably Republican state.
In 1992, by a margin of 53 to 47 percent, Colorado voters approved an amendment to the state constitution (Amendment 2) that would have prevented any city, town, or county in the state from taking any legislative, executive, or judicial action to recognize homosexuals or bisexuals as a protected class.
In 1993, despite being an artificially-introduced species, the state declared mountain goats a native species.
On September 11, 1996, Philip Anschutz sold the combined company to the Union Pacific Railroad, creating the largest railroad network in the United States.
In 1996, in a 6–3 ruling in Romer v. Evans, the U.S. Supreme Court found that preventing protected status based upon homosexuality or bisexuality did not satisfy the Equal Protection Clause, effectively overturning Amendment 2.
In 1999, the Columbine High School massacre occurred, where two gunmen killed 12 students and one teacher before committing suicide.
On November 7, 2000, 54% of Colorado voters passed Amendment 20, which amends the Colorado State constitution to allow the medical use of marijuana.
According to the 2000 census, nearly 60% of Coloradans are native to other states.
According to the 2000 census, the largest ancestry groups in Colorado are German (22%), Mexican (18%), Irish (12%), and English (12%).
In 2000, Colorado legalized marijuana for medicinal use.
Per the 2000 census, the Hispanic population is estimated to be 918,899, or approximately 20% of the state's total population.
From 2001 to 2007, uranium price increases prompted several companies to revive uranium mining in Colorado.
In 2003, the Colorado Legislature temporarily suspended the state's senior property tax exemption.
In 2004, 17% of Colorado's population was considered medically obese, which increased to 24% by 2018.
The Real ID Act was established in 2005, and in line with this act, state-issued digital identifications in Colorado will be considered valid when Real ID enforcement begins in 2025.
In 2006, voters passed Amendment 43, which banned same-sex marriage in Colorado.
The senior property tax break was scheduled to return for the assessment year 2006, payable in 2007.
There were a total of 70,331 births in Colorado in 2006, which was a birth rate of 14.6 per thousand.
From 2001 to 2007, uranium price increases prompted several companies to revive uranium mining in Colorado.
In 2007, Bill Ritter, a native-born Coloradan, took office as governor.
In 2007, non-Hispanic Whites were involved in 59.1% of all births in Colorado. Some 14.06% of those births involved a non-Hispanic White person and someone of a different race, most often with a couple including one Hispanic. A birth where at least one Hispanic person was involved counted for 43% of the births in Colorado.
In 2007, the senior property tax break was payable, after being assessed in 2006.
During the summer of 2008, Denver's record from 1901 for consecutive days above 90 °F (32 °C) was broken, with a new record of 24 consecutive days.
In 2008, Colorado voted for Barack Obama in the presidential election, signaling a shift towards the Democratic Party.
In 2008, the Windsor EF3 tornado devastated a small town in the Eastern Plains of Colorado.
In late 2008, price drops and financing problems forced companies to cancel or scale back the uranium-mining project in Colorado.
In 2009, the United States Census Bureau estimated that the population of Colorado exceeded five million.
According to the Association of Religion Data Archives, in 2010 the largest Christian denominations by the number of adherents in Colorado were the Catholic Church with 811,630 adherents, multi-denominational Evangelical Protestants with 229,981, and the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints with 151,433.
As of the 2010 census, Colorado has the seventh highest percentage of Hispanics (20.7%) in the U.S.
In 2010, Boulder was named America's Foodiest Town by Bon Appétit.
In 2010, Colorado's per capita personal income was $51,940, ranking 11th in the nation.
Since the 2010 census, there was an increase of +15.29% in the Denver–Aurora–Centennial, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Since the 2010 census, there was an increase of +16.65% in the Front Range Urban Corridor.
Since the 2010 census, there was an increase of +17.23% in the Denver–Aurora–Greeley, CO Combined Statistical Area.
On August 22, 2011, a 5.3 magnitude earthquake occurred 9 miles (14 km) west-southwest of the city of Trinidad.
In 2011, 46% of Colorado's population younger than the age of one were minorities, meaning that they had at least one parent who was not non-Hispanic White.
In June 2012, the Waldo Canyon Fire and High Park Fire occurred in Colorado.
On July 20, 2012, a gunman killed 12 people in a movie theater in Aurora, leading to tighter restrictions on firearms in the state.
On November 6, 2012, Colorado voters amended the state constitution to protect "personal use" of marijuana for adults, establishing a framework to regulate marijuana similarly to alcohol.
In 2012, Colorado voted for Barack Obama in the presidential election, signaling a shift towards the Democratic Party.
In 2012, voters amended the Colorado state constitution, protecting the "personal use" of marijuana for adults and establishing a framework to regulate cannabis like alcohol.
In 2012, with the adoption of the 64th state amendment, Colorado became the first state in the union to legalize marijuana for industrial (referring to hemp) and recreational use.
As of January 2013 the RTD rail system in the Denver Metropolitan Area had 170 light-rail vehicles, serving 47 miles (76 km) of track.
By 2013, conservation efforts succeeded in bringing the stable population of pronghorn in Colorado back up to roughly 66,000.
In 2013, an unknown illness killed nearly all mountain goat kids, leading to a Colorado Parks and Wildlife investigation.
In 2013, the Colorado floods occurred.
On January 1, 2014, the first recreational marijuana shops in Colorado, and by extension the United States, opened their doors.
On April 4, 2014, Senate Bill 14–184 addressing oversight of Colorado's industrial hemp program was first introduced.
On May 31, 2014, Senate Bill 14–184 addressing oversight of Colorado's industrial hemp program was signed into law by Governor John Hickenlooper.
In August 2014, Colorado began to issue driver licenses to aliens not lawfully in the United States who lived in Colorado.
In September 2014, KCNC reported that 524 non-citizens were issued Colorado driver licenses that are normally issued to U.S. citizens living in Colorado.
According to a report in the Journal of the American Medical Association, residents of Colorado had a 2014 life expectancy of 80.21 years, the longest of any U.S. state.
As of 2014, major religious affiliations of the people of Colorado were 64% Christian, 1% Judaism, 1% Muslim, 1% Buddhist, 4% other, and 29% secular.
In 2014 while governor, John Hickenlooper allocated about half of the state's $13 million "Medical Marijuana Program Cash Fund" to medical research in the budget.
In 2014, an unknown illness killed nearly all mountain goat kids, leading to a Colorado Parks and Wildlife investigation.
In 2015, 5280, a Denver magazine, wrote that Kent Haruf is "widely considered [to be] Colorado's finest novelist".
In 2015, the U.S. Supreme Court's decision in Obergefell v. Hodges nullified Amendment 43, which had banned same-sex marriage in Colorado.
In 2015, the film Furious 7 was scheduled to film driving sequences on Pikes Peak Highway in Colorado.
As of 2016, there were no major uranium mining operations in Colorado, though plans existed to restart production.
Colorado's marijuana industry sold $1.31 billion worth of marijuana in 2016 and generated tax, fee, and license revenue of $194 million.
In 2016, Colorado voted for Hillary Clinton in the presidential election, continuing its trend towards the Democratic Party.
In 2016, Colorado's Median Annual Household Income was $70,666, ranking 8th in the nation.
On May 8, 2017, the costliest hailstorm ever in the state hit Colorado.
In the first three-quarters of 2017, Colorado's marijuana industry sold $1.26 billion worth of marijuana.
On August 24, 2018, four minor earthquakes rattled Colorado, ranging from magnitude 2.9 to 4.3.
As of December 2018, the state's unemployment rate was 4.2%.
As of 2018, 24% of Colorado's population was considered medically obese.
By 2018, the Medical Marijuana Program Cash Fund was the "largest pool of pot money in the state" and was used to fund programs including research into pediatric applications for controlling autism symptoms.
In 2018, Colorado attracted 85.2 million tourists, generating $22.3 billion in revenue.
In 2018, Wine Enthusiast Magazine named Colorado's Grand Valley AVA in Mesa County, Colorado, as one of the Top Ten wine travel destinations in the world.
In 2018, the Virginia-class submarine USS Colorado (SSN-788) was commissioned.
In 2018, the West Virginia teachers' strike inspired teachers in other states, including Colorado, to take similar action.
On July 20, 2019, the highest official ambient air temperature ever recorded in Colorado was 115 °F (46.1 °C) at John Martin Dam.
In October 2019, Colorado became the first state to accept digital ID via its myColorado app.
By 2019, Hispanics made up 22% of Colorado's population, and Non-Hispanic Whites made up 70%.
By 2019, the population of pronghorn in Colorado was estimated to have reached 85,000.
In 2019, The Denver Post reported that "[i]ndividuals living in southeastern Colorado are more vulnerable to potential health effects from climate change than residents in other parts of the state".
In 2019, a wolf pack recolonized Moffat County, Colorado in northwestern Colorado.
In 2019, an unknown illness killed nearly all mountain goat kids, leading to a Colorado Parks and Wildlife investigation.
In 2019, the total employment in Colorado was 2,473,192, with 174,258 employer establishments.
On April 18, 2020, the first class of Space Force officers from the Air Force Academy were commissioned.
As of June 2020, there were 525 recorded earthquakes in Colorado since 1973, a majority of which range 2 to 3.5 on the Richter scale.
On November 3, 2020, voters in Colorado authorized an initiative to lower the income tax rate to 4.55 percent.
At the 2020 United States census, 4,299,942 of the 5,773,714 Colorado residents (74.47%) lived in one of the 273 active incorporated municipalities. Another 714,417 residents (12.37%) lived in one of the 210 census-designated places, while the remaining 759,355 residents (13.15%) lived in the many rural and mountainous areas of the state.
At the 2020 United States census, the Denver–Aurora–Centennial, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area had a population of 2,963,821.
At the 2020 census, the Denver–Aurora–Greeley, CO Combined Statistical Area had a population of 3,623,560.
At the 2020 census, the Front Range Urban Corridor had a population of 5,055,344.
In 2020, Christianity was 66% of Colorado's population, Judaism was 2%, and the religiously unaffiliated were 28%.
In 2020, Coloradans voted to reintroduce gray wolves.
In 2020, Colorado voted for Joe Biden in the presidential election, continuing its trend towards the Democratic Party.
In 2020, arid conditions and drought negatively impacted corn yields in the Eastern Plains of Colorado.
In 2020, the Association of Religion Data Archives determined the largest Christian denominations in Colorado were Catholics (873,236), non/multi/inter-denominational Protestants (406,798), and Mormons (150,509). There were also 12,500 Hindus, 7,101 Hindu Yogis, and 17,369 Buddhists.
In 2020, the Pine Gulch Fire, Cameron Peak Fire, and East Troublesome Fire became the three largest fires in Colorado history.
In 2020, the United States Census recorded the population of Colorado. As of July 1, 2024, the Census Bureau estimated a 3.2% increase from this census.
In a 2020 study, Colorado was ranked as the seventh easiest state for citizens to vote in.
In presidential elections, it had not been won until 2020 by double digits since 1984 and has backed the winning candidate in 9 of the last 11 elections.
On July 1, 2024, the United States Census Bureau estimated the population of Colorado at 5,957,493, a 3.2% increase since the 2020 United States census.
On March 22, 2021, a gunman killed 10 people, including a police officer, in a King Soopers supermarket in Boulder.
On December 30, 2021, the Marshall Fire started, becoming the most destructive fire in Colorado history in terms of property loss.
By November 2022, The Colorado Governor's Office of Information Technology announced that the myColorado app had over 1 million users.
According to HUD's 2022 Annual Homeless Assessment Report, there were an estimated 10,397 homeless people in Colorado.
By 2022 the state committed to a plan to have a population in the state and permitting non-lethal methods of driving off wolves attacking livestock and pets.
In 2022, 61% of Colorado's population was Christian, 2% New Age, 1% Jewish, 1% Hindu, and 34% religiously unaffiliated.
In 2022, a gunman killed 5 people at a nightclub in Colorado Springs during the night of November 19–20, in an instance of anti-LGBT violence.
In 2022, arid conditions and drought negatively impacted corn yields in the Eastern Plains of Colorado.
On July 21, 2023, the Office of Management and Budget defined 21 statistical areas for Colorado comprising four combined statistical areas, seven metropolitan statistical areas, and ten micropolitan statistical areas.
On December 19, 2023, the Colorado Supreme Court ruled that Donald Trump was disqualified from the 2024 United States presidential election, in part due to his alleged incitement of the January 6 United States Capitol attack.
As of 2023, the Democratic Party holds a 23 to 12 majority in the Senate and a 46 to 19 majority in the House of the Colorado General Assembly.
On March 4, 2024, the United States Supreme Court overruled the Colorado Supreme Court's decision regarding Donald Trump's disqualification from the 2024 election.
On July 1, 2024, the United States Census Bureau estimated the population of Colorado to be 5,957,493, a 3.2% increase from the 2020 United States census.
In 2024, Colorado residents voted to establish an explicit right to abortion in Colorado's state constitution and to repeal Amendment 43's defunct marriage ban.
In 2024, Colorado voted for Kamala Harris in the presidential election, continuing its trend towards the Democratic Party.
In 2024, the Colorado GDP was $553,323,000,000.
On March 27, 2025, it was announced that the Sundance Film Festival would move to Boulder starting in 2027 after reaching a deal for a ten-year duration.
In 2025, the state-issued digital identifications will be considered valid when Real ID enforcement begins, in line with the Real ID Act of 2005.
The Sundance Film Festival would move to Boulder starting in 2027 after reaching a deal for a ten-year duration.
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