Colorado is a Mountain state in the Western United States, known for its diverse landscape including mountains, forests, high plains, mesas, canyons, plateaus, rivers, and deserts. It encompasses much of the Southern Rocky Mountains, parts of the Colorado Plateau, and the western Great Plains. It is the eighth-largest U.S. state by area and the 21st by population, with an estimated population of nearly 6 million as of 2024.
In 1901, Denver's record for the number of consecutive days above 90 °F was set.
In 1903, poor labor conditions led to clashes between striking miners and the Colorado National Guard during the Western Federation of Miners Strike.
In 1904, poor labor conditions led to clashes between striking miners and the Colorado National Guard during the Western Federation of Miners Strike.
In 1905, Holly Sugar was first milled from beets in Holly, Colorado. The company later moved its headquarters to Colorado Springs.
In 1906, Oscar Wilde's Impressions of America was published, in which he described Leadville, Colorado, as "the richest city in the world".
In 1908, Colorado became the first western state to host a major political convention when the Democratic Party met in Denver.
From 1910 to 1922, Colorado and Utah dominated radium mining, with uranium and vanadium as byproducts of the mining process.
In 1910, Samsonite luggage, a brand known nationally, originated in a Colorado factory in Denver.
In 1911, Gates belts and hoses, a brand known nationally, originated in a Colorado factory in Denver.
In 1913, the Colorado Coalfield War resulted in federal troops intervening to end the violence.
In 1914, the Colorado Coalfield War resulted in federal troops intervening to end the violence.
In 1920, CoorsTek industrial ceramics, a brand known nationally, originated in a Colorado factory in Golden.
In 1920, the Denver streetcar strike resulted in federal troops intervening to end the violence.
In 1923, Russell Stover Candies, a brand known nationally, originated in a Colorado factory in Denver.
On April 1, 1924, armed students patrolled the campus after a burning cross was found, during tensions between Regis College and the Ku Klux Klan.
In 1924, the Ku Klux Klan Colorado Realm achieved dominance in Colorado politics, controlling both local and state Democrat and Republican parties.
In 1927, the 1927-28 Colorado coal strike occurred and was ultimately successful in winning a dollar a day increase in wages.
By the U.S. census in 1930, the population of Colorado first exceeded one million residents.
In 1930, Monfort of Colorado, Inc. was established, which later evolved into the present-day Swift packed meat of Greeley.
On November 8, 1932, Colorado approved the repeal of alcohol prohibition, which occurred more than a year before the Twenty-first Amendment to the United States Constitution was ratified.
In 1935, the Agricultural College of Colorado was renamed the Colorado State College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts.
In 1940, the U.S. Census Bureau reported Colorado's population as 8.2% Hispanic and 90.3% non-Hispanic White.
In 1940, the Ute Mountain Ute Indian Reservation (Ute dialect: Wʉgama Núuchi) was established in Colorado.
In 1941, at the time of the attack on Pearl Harbor, the battleship USS Colorado was located at the naval base in San Diego, California, and thus went unscathed.
In 1945, the last wild wolf in Colorado was shot, following a process of extirpation by trapping and poisoning of the gray wolf from the state in the 1930s.
Between 1947 and 1972, the mountain goat was introduced to Colorado.
In 1948, Colorado voted for the Democratic presidential candidate, marking one of the few times during the post-World War II era when the state did not vote Republican.
In 1949, Jolly Rancher candy, a brand known nationally, originated in a Colorado factory in Golden.
Since at least 1953, Colorado has banned the sale of motor vehicles on Sundays, as per C.R.S. section 12-6-302.
On April 1, 1954, President Dwight Eisenhower signed a law that paved the way for the establishment of the U.S. Air Force Academy.
On September 11, 1957, a plutonium fire occurred at the Rocky Flats Plant, resulting in significant plutonium contamination of surrounding populated areas.
In 1957, the Colorado State College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts became Colorado State University.
Bill Ritter's 2006 election marked the first electoral victory for a native-born Coloradan in a gubernatorial race since 1958.
In 1958, Estes model rockets were first launched in Penrose, Colorado.
Since 1962, Fort Collins has been the home of Waterpik dental water jets and showerheads.
In 1964, Colorado voted for the Democratic presidential candidate, marking one of the few times during the post-World War II era when the state did not vote Republican.
In 1965, the Denver Flood occurred.
In 1967, Colorado was the first state to loosen restrictions on abortion, allowing abortions in cases of rape, incest, or threats to the woman's health.
In March 1969, the National Chicano Youth Liberation Conference was held in Colorado.
Since 1969, Celestial Seasonings herbal teas have been made in Boulder, Colorado.
On May 12, 1970, Denver was selected by the International Olympic Committee to host the 1976 Winter Olympics.
Between 1947 and 1972, the mountain goat was introduced to Colorado.
In 1972, Colorado voters rejected a referendum proposal to fund the 1976 Winter Olympics, which had been scheduled to be held in the state.
As of June 2020, there were 525 recorded earthquakes in Colorado since 1973, a majority of which range 2 to 3.5 on the Richter scale.
When John Arthur Love was given a position in Richard Nixon's administration in 1973, John David Vanderhoof ascended from the Lieutenant Governorship.
In 1975 John David Vanderhoof left office; this marked the last time a native-born governor was in office in Colorado until 2007.
In 1976, the Big Thompson River flooding occurred.
The 1976 Winter Olympics were to be hosted in Colorado, however, the funding was rejected in 1972.
In 1981, Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory made its first candy in Durango, Colorado.
Prior to 2020, the presidential election of 1984 was the last time that Colorado was won by a double-digit margin.
On February 1, 1985, the lowest official air temperature ever recorded in Colorado was −61 °F at Maybell.
In 1988 the "Rio Grande" was acquired, but was merged into, the Southern Pacific Railroad by their joint owner Philip Anschutz.
On July 11, 1990, a severe hailstorm hit Denver.
In 1990, the Limon F3 tornado occurred in the Eastern Plains.
In 1991, Regis College was renamed Regis University.
In 1992, Colorado voted for the Democratic presidential candidate, marking one of the few times during the post-World War II era when the state did not vote Republican.
In 1992, Colorado voters approved Amendment 2, which sought to prevent cities, towns, or counties from recognizing homosexuals or bisexuals as a protected class.
In 1993, despite being an artificially-introduced species, the state declared mountain goats a native species.
On September 11, 1996, Philip Anschutz sold the combined Southern Pacific and Rio Grande company to the Union Pacific Railroad, creating the largest railroad network in the United States.
In 1996, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in Romer v. Evans that preventing protected status based on homosexuality or bisexuality violated the Equal Protection Clause.
In 1999, the Columbine High School massacre occurred, where two gunmen killed 12 students and one teacher before committing suicide.
On November 7, 2000, 54% of Colorado voters passed Amendment 20, amending the Colorado State constitution to allow the medical use of marijuana.
According to the 2000 census, nearly 60% of Coloradans are native to other states.
According to the 2000 census, the largest ancestry groups in Colorado are German (22%), Mexican (18%), Irish (12%), and English (12%).
In 2000, Colorado legalized marijuana for medicinal use.
Per the 2000 census, the Hispanic population is estimated to be 918,899, or approximately 20% of the state's total population.
From 2001 to 2007, rising uranium prices prompted several companies to revive uranium mining in Colorado.
In 2003, the senior property tax exemption in Colorado was temporarily suspended by the Colorado Legislature.
Colorado has the lowest obesity rates in the US, as of 2018, 24% of the population was considered medically obese, which had increased from 17% in 2004.
Colorado's state-issued digital identifications will be considered valid when Real ID enforcement begins in 2025, in line with the Real ID Act of 2005.
In 2006, Colorado voters passed Amendment 43, which banned same-sex marriage in the state.
In 2006, the return of Colorado's senior property tax break was scheduled for the assessment year.
In 2006, there were a total of 70,331 births in Colorado, which was a birth rate of 14.6 per thousand.
From 2001 to 2007, rising uranium prices prompted several companies to revive uranium mining in Colorado.
In 2007, Bill Ritter took office as governor; his election the previous year marked the first electoral victory for a native-born Coloradan in a gubernatorial race since 1958.
In 2007, non-Hispanic Whites were involved in 59.1% of all births. Some 14.06% of those births involved a non-Hispanic White person and someone of a different race.
In 2007, the tax break was payable.
During the summer of 2008, the record for consecutive days above 90 °F in Denver was broken, reaching 24 days.
In 2008, Colorado voted for Barack Obama, signaling a shift towards the Democratic Party.
In 2008, the Windsor EF3 tornado devastated the small town of Windsor.
In late 2008, price drops and financing problems forced companies to cancel or scale back uranium-mining projects in Colorado.
In 2009, the United States Census Bureau estimated that the population of Colorado exceeded five million.
According to the Association of Religion Data Archives, in 2010 the largest Christian denominations in Colorado were the Catholic Church with 811,630 adherents, multi-denominational Evangelical Protestants with 229,981, and the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints with 151,433.
As of the 2010 census, Colorado had the seventh highest percentage of Hispanics (20.7%) in the U.S.
In 2010, Boulder, Colorado was named America's Foodiest Town by Bon Appétit.
In 2010, the per capita personal income in Colorado was $51,940, ranking the state 11th in the nation.
The 10-county Denver–Aurora–Centennial, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area increased by +15.29% since the 2010 census.
The 12-county Denver–Aurora–Greeley, CO Combined Statistical Area had a population increase of +17.23% since the 2010 census.
The 18-county Front Range Urban Corridor had a population increase of +16.65% since the 2010 census.
On August 22, 2011, a 5.3 magnitude earthquake occurred 9 miles west-southwest of the city of Trinidad.
In 2011, 46% of Colorado's population younger than the age of one were minorities, meaning that they had at least one parent who was not non-Hispanic White.
In June 2012, the Waldo Canyon Fire and High Park Fire occurred.
On July 20, 2012, a gunman killed 12 people in a movie theater in Aurora.
On November 6, 2012, Colorado voters amended the state constitution to protect the "personal use" of marijuana for adults, establishing a framework to regulate marijuana similarly to alcohol.
In 2012, Colorado voted for Barack Obama for the second time, continuing the state's trend toward supporting Democratic candidates.
In 2012, voters amended the state constitution to protect the "personal use" of marijuana for adults, establishing a framework to regulate cannabis like alcohol.
With the adoption of the 64th state amendment in 2012, Colorado became the first state in the union to legalize marijuana for medicinal, industrial (hemp), and recreational use.
As of January 2013, the Regional Transportation District (RTD) rail system in the Denver Metropolitan Area had 170 light-rail vehicles, serving 47 miles (76 km) of track.
By 2013, conservation efforts succeeded in bringing the stable population of pronghorn back up to roughly 66,000.
In 2013, 2014, and 2019, an unknown illness killed nearly all mountain goat kids, leading to a Colorado Parks and Wildlife investigation.
In 2013, the Colorado Floods occurred.
On January 1, 2014, the first recreational marijuana shops in Colorado, and by extension the United States, opened their doors.
On April 4, 2014, Senate Bill 14–184 addressing oversight of Colorado's industrial hemp program was first introduced.
On May 31, 2014, Senate Bill 14–184 was signed into law by Governor John Hickenlooper, addressing oversight of Colorado's industrial hemp program.
In August 2014, Colorado began issuing driver licenses to aliens not lawfully in the United States who lived in Colorado.
In September 2014, KCNC reported that 524 non-citizens were issued Colorado driver licenses that are normally issued to U.S. citizens living in Colorado.
According to a report in the Journal of the American Medical Association, residents of Colorado had a 2014 life expectancy of 80.21 years, the longest of any U.S. state.
As of 2014, major religious affiliations in Colorado were 64% Christian (44% Protestant, 16% Roman Catholic, 3% Mormon, and 1% Eastern Orthodox), 1% Judaism, 1% Muslim, 1% Buddhist, 4% other, and 29% secular.
In 2013, 2014, and 2019, an unknown illness killed nearly all mountain goat kids, leading to a Colorado Parks and Wildlife investigation.
In the 2014 budget, while governor, John Hickenlooper allocated about half of the state's $13 million "Medical Marijuana Program Cash Fund" to medical research.
In 2015, driving sequences for Furious 7 were planned to be filmed on Pikes Peak Highway in Colorado.
In 2015, the U.S. Supreme Court's decision in Obergefell v. Hodges nullified Amendment 43, the ban on same-sex marriage in Colorado.
In 2015, the total state product in Colorado was $318.6 billion.
As of 2016, there were no major uranium mining operations in Colorado, though plans existed to restart production.
Colorado's marijuana industry sold $1.31 billion worth of marijuana in 2016, generating tax, fee, and license revenue of $194 million.
In 2016, Colorado voted for Hillary Clinton in the presidential election, further establishing the state's lean towards the Democratic Party.
In 2016, the median annual household income in Colorado was $70,666, which ranked 8th in the nation.
On May 8, 2017, a hailstorm hit Denver, becoming the costliest ever in the state's history.
Colorado's marijuana industry sold $1.26 billion worth of marijuana in the first three-quarters of 2017.
On August 24, 2018, four minor earthquakes rattled Colorado, ranging from magnitude 2.9 to 4.3.
As of December 2018, Colorado's unemployment rate was 4.2%.
As of 2018, 24% of the population in Colorado was considered medically obese.
By 2018, the Medical Marijuana Program Cash Fund was the "largest pool of pot money in the state" and was used to fund programs including research into pediatric applications for controlling autism symptoms.
In 2018, Colorado attracted 85.2 million tourists, generating $22.3 billion in revenue.
In 2018, Wine Enthusiast Magazine named Colorado's Grand Valley AVA in Mesa County, Colorado, as one of the Top Ten wine travel destinations in the world.
In 2018, the Virginia-class submarine USS Colorado (SSN-788) was commissioned.
In 2018, the West Virginia teachers' strike inspired teachers in other states, including Colorado, to take similar action.
On July 20, 2019, the highest official ambient air temperature ever recorded in Colorado was 115 °F at John Martin Dam.
In October 2019, Colorado became the first state to accept digital ID via its myColorado app.
By 2019, Hispanics made up 22% of Colorado's population, and Non-Hispanic Whites made up 70%.
By 2019, the population of pronghorn was estimated to have reached 85,000 and had increasingly more run-ins with the increased suburban housing along the eastern Front Range.
In 2013, 2014, and 2019, an unknown illness killed nearly all mountain goat kids, leading to a Colorado Parks and Wildlife investigation.
In 2019, The Denver Post reported that individuals living in southeastern Colorado are more vulnerable to potential health effects from climate change than residents in other parts of the state.
In 2019, a wolf pack recolonized Moffat County, Colorado in northwestern Colorado.
In 2019, the total employment in Colorado was 2,473,192 and the number of employer establishments was 174,258.
On April 18, 2020, the Air Force Academy commissioned its first class of Space Force officers.
As of June 2020, there were 525 recorded earthquakes in Colorado since 1973, a majority of which range 2 to 3.5 on the Richter scale.
In November 2020, Colorado voters authorized an initiative to lower the state income tax rate to 4.55 percent.
According to a 2020 study, Colorado was ranked as the seventh easiest state in the United States for citizens to vote in.
At the 2020 United States census, 4,299,942 of the 5,773,714 Colorado residents (74.47%) lived in one of the 273 active incorporated municipalities. Another 714,417 residents (12.37%) lived in one of the 210 census-designated places.
At the 2020 United States census, the Denver–Aurora–Centennial, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area had a population of 2,963,821.
In 2020, Christianity represented 66% of the population in Colorado, while the religiously unaffiliated comprised 28%.
In 2020, Coloradans voted to reintroduce gray wolves.
In 2020, Colorado solidified its status as a safe blue state in both state and federal elections. In presidential elections, the state had not been won by double digits since 1984.
In 2020, Colorado voted for Joe Biden in the presidential election, reinforcing its Democratic lean.
In 2020, arid conditions and drought negatively impacted corn yields in the Eastern Plains of Colorado.
In 2020, the 18-county Front Range Urban Corridor had a population of 5,055,344.
In 2020, the Association of Religion Data Archives determined the largest Christian denominations in Colorado were Catholics (873,236), non/multi/inter-denominational Protestants (406,798), and Mormons (150,509).
In 2020, the Pine Gulch Fire, Cameron Peak Fire, and East Troublesome Fire, the three largest fires in Colorado history, occurred.
In 2020, the United States Census was conducted.
On July 1, 2024, the United States Census Bureau estimated the population of Colorado at 5,957,493, a 3.2% increase since the 2020 United States census.
On March 22, 2021, a gunman killed 10 people, including a police officer, in a King Soopers supermarket in Boulder.
On December 30, 2021, the Marshall Fire started, becoming the most destructive fire in Colorado history in terms of property loss.
By November 2022, the Colorado Governor's Office of Information Technology announced that the myColorado app had over 1 million users.
According to HUD's 2022 Annual Homeless Assessment Report, there were an estimated 10,397 homeless people in Colorado.
By 2022, the state committed to a plan to have a population of gray wolves in the state and permitting non-lethal methods of driving off wolves attacking livestock and pets.
In 2022, 61% of Colorado was Christian, 2% New Age, 1% Jewish, 1% Hindu, and 34% religiously unaffiliated.
In 2022, a gunman killed 5 people at a nightclub in Colorado Springs during the night of November 19–20 in an instance of anti-LGBT violence.
In 2022, arid conditions and drought negatively impacted corn yields in the Eastern Plains of Colorado.
On July 21, 2023, the Office of Management and Budget defined 21 statistical areas for Colorado comprising four combined statistical areas, seven metropolitan statistical areas, and ten micropolitan statistical areas.
On December 19, 2023, the Colorado Supreme Court ruled that Donald Trump was disqualified from the 2024 United States presidential election due to his alleged incitement of the January 6 United States Capitol attack.
As of 2023, the Democratic Party holds a 23 to 12 majority in the Senate and a 46 to 19 majority in the House of the Colorado General Assembly.
On March 4, 2024, the United States Supreme Court overruled the Colorado Supreme Court's decision to disqualify Donald Trump from the 2024 presidential election.
On July 1, 2024, the United States Census Bureau estimated Colorado's population to be 5,957,493, which is a 3.2% increase from the 2020 United States census.
In 2024, Colorado residents voted to establish an explicit right to abortion in the state's constitution and to repeal Amendment 43's defunct marriage ban.
In 2024, Colorado voted for Kamala Harris, continuing its trend of supporting Democratic candidates in presidential elections.
On March 27, 2025, it was announced that the Sundance Film Festival would move to Boulder starting in 2027 after reaching a deal for a ten-year duration.
In 2025, the state-issued digital identifications will be considered valid when Real ID enforcement begins, in line with the Real ID Act of 2005.
In 2027, the Sundance Film Festival will move to Boulder after reaching a deal for a ten-year duration.
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