Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton is a prominent American politician, lawyer, and diplomat. She served as the 67th United States Secretary of State under President Barack Obama, a U.S. Senator representing New York, and First Lady during Bill Clinton's presidency. As a member of the Democratic Party, she made history as the first woman nominated for president by a major U.S. party in 2016, also winning the popular vote, though ultimately losing the election to Donald Trump. Notably, she is the only former First Lady to have pursued and achieved elected office.
On October 26, 1947, Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton was born.
In December 2011, Hillary Clinton staged the first visit to Burma by a U.S. secretary of state since 1955. She met with Burmese leaders and opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi to support the 2011 Burmese democratic reforms.
At age 13, Hillary Rodham helped canvass Chicago's South Side after the very close 1960 U.S. presidential election and claimed to have seen evidence of electoral fraud.
Around 1961, Hillary Rodham was inspired by the U.S. efforts during the Space Race and sent a letter to NASA asking what she could do to become an astronaut, only to be informed that women were not being accepted into the program.
In 1962, Hillary Rodham saw and briefly met civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. when he gave a speech in Chicago's Orchestra Hall.
In the 1964 election, Hillary Rodham volunteered to campaign for Republican candidate Barry Goldwater.
In 1965, Hillary Rodham enrolled at Wellesley College, where she majored in political science and became president of the Wellesley Young Republicans.
In 1965, Hillary Rodham graduated from Maine South High School in the top five percent of her class.
In 1968, Hillary Rodham attended the Republican National Convention in Miami Beach and was upset by the portrayal of Nelson Rockefeller and the convention's "veiled" racist messages, leading her to leave the Republican Party.
In early 1968, Hillary Rodham became a supporter of the antiwar presidential nomination campaign of Democrat Eugene McCarthy.
In 1969, Hillary Rodham graduated from Wellesley College.
In early 1969, Hillary Rodham held her position as president of the Wellesley College Government Association.
During the summer of 1970, Hillary Rodham worked at Marian Wright Edelman's Washington Research Project, researching migrant workers' issues.
In the spring of 1971, Hillary Rodham began dating fellow law student Bill Clinton.
During the summer of 1972, Hillary Rodham and Bill Clinton campaigned in Texas for unsuccessful 1972 Democratic presidential candidate George McGovern.
In 2008, Hillary Clinton was the first woman to run in the primary or caucus of every state and she eclipsed, by a very wide margin, Congresswoman Shirley Chisholm's 1972 marks for most votes garnered and delegates won by a woman.
During her second year at Yale Law School, Hillary Rodham worked as a research assistant on the seminal work, Beyond the Best Interests of the Child.
In 1973, Hillary Rodham graduated from Yale Law School.
In 1973, Hillary Rodham received a Juris Doctor degree from Yale.
In late 1973, Hillary Rodham's first scholarly article, "Children Under the Law", was published in the Harvard Educational Review, discussing the new children's rights movement.
In August 1974, Hillary Rodham moved to Fayetteville, Arkansas, and became one of two female faculty members at the University of Arkansas School of Law.
In August 1974, President Richard Nixon resigned, which was the culmination of the work done by the House Committee, including Hillary Rodham's advisory role during the Watergate scandal.
In 1974, Bill Clinton lost an Arkansas congressional race to incumbent Republican John Paul Hammerschmidt.
On October 11, 1975, Hillary Rodham and Bill Clinton got married in a Methodist ceremony in their living room. Hillary decided to retain the name Hillary Rodham, upsetting both mothers.
In November 1976, Bill Clinton was elected Arkansas attorney general, and the couple moved to the state capital of Little Rock.
In 1976, Hillary Rodham temporarily relocated to Indianapolis to work as an Indiana state campaign organizer for the presidential campaign of Jimmy Carter.
In February 1977, Hillary Rodham joined the venerable Rose Law Firm, specializing in patent infringement and intellectual property law, while working pro bono in child advocacy.
In 1977, Hillary Clinton co-founded Arkansas Advocates for Children and Families.
Later in 1977, President Jimmy Carter appointed Hillary Rodham to the board of directors of the Legal Services Corporation.
Following her husband's November 1978 election as governor of Arkansas, Hillary Rodham became that state's first lady.
During 1978 and 1979, while looking to supplement their income, Hillary Rodham engaged in the trading of cattle futures contracts; an initial $1,000 investment generated nearly $100,000 when she stopped trading after ten months.
From 1978 until the end of 1981, Hillary Rodham held a position on the board of directors of the Legal Services Corporation. From mid-1978 to mid-1980, she served as the first female chair of that board.
In 1978, the Hillary Clinton cattle futures controversy arose, relating to cattle futures trading Clinton had made. Some in the press alleged that Clinton had engaged in a conflict of interest and disguised a bribery.
In January 1979, Hillary Rodham became the first lady of Arkansas, following her husband's election as governor.
In 1979, Hillary Clinton became the first lady of Arkansas.
In 1979, Hillary Rodham became the first woman to be made a full partner in Rose Law Firm.
In 1979, the Hillary Clinton cattle futures controversy continued, relating to cattle futures trading Clinton had made. Some in the press alleged that Clinton had engaged in a conflict of interest and disguised a bribery. No formal investigation was made and she was never charged with any wrongdoing in relation to this.
On February 27, 1980, Hillary Rodham gave birth to the couple's only child, a daughter whom they named Chelsea.
In November 1980, Bill Clinton was defeated in his bid for re-election as Governor of Arkansas.
From mid-1978 to mid-1980, Hillary Rodham served as the first female chair of the Legal Services Corporation.
From 1978 until the end of 1981, Hillary Rodham held a position on the board of directors of the Legal Services Corporation.
Hillary Rodham served as the first lady of Arkansas for twelve nonconsecutive years from 1979-1981, 1983-1992.
From 1982 to 1988, Hillary Clinton was on the board of directors, sometimes as chair, of the New World Foundation, which funded a variety of New Left interest groups.
In 1982, Bill Clinton returned to the governorship of Arkansas after winning the election. During her husband's campaign, Hillary began to use the name "Hillary Clinton", or sometimes "Mrs. Bill Clinton".
Hillary Rodham served as the first lady of Arkansas for twelve nonconsecutive years from 1979-1981, 1983-1992.
In 1983, Hillary Clinton was named chair of the Arkansas Education Standards Committee, where she worked to reform the state's public education system.
From 1988–1992, Hillary Clinton was on the board of the Arkansas Children's Hospital's Legal Services. In addition to her positions with nonprofit organizations, she also held positions on the corporate board of directors of TCBY (1985–1992), Wal-Mart Stores (1986–1992) and Lafarge (1990–1992).
In 1985, Hillary Clinton introduced Arkansas's Home Instruction Program for Preschool Youth (HIPPY), a program that helps parents work with their children in preschool preparedness and literacy.
From 1988–1992, Hillary Clinton was on the board of the Arkansas Children's Hospital's Legal Services. In addition to her positions with nonprofit organizations, she also held positions on the corporate board of directors of TCBY (1985–1992), Wal-Mart Stores (1986–1992) and Lafarge (1990–1992).
In 1986, Bill Clinton's Republican opponent in his gubernatorial reelection campaign accused the Clintons of conflict of interest because Rose Law did state business; the Clintons countered the charge by saying that state fees were walled off by the firm before her profits were calculated.
From 1988–1992, Hillary Clinton was on the board of the Arkansas Children's Hospital's Legal Services.
In 1988, Hillary Clinton was named by The National Law Journal as one of the 100 most influential lawyers in America.
From 1988–1992, Hillary Clinton was on the board of the Arkansas Children's Hospital's Legal Services. In addition to her positions with nonprofit organizations, she also held positions on the corporate board of directors of TCBY (1985–1992), Wal-Mart Stores (1986–1992) and Lafarge (1990–1992).
In 1990, When Bill Clinton thought about not running again for governor in 1990, Hillary Clinton considered running. Private polls were unfavorable, however, and in the end he ran and was reelected for the final time.
In 1991, Hillary Clinton was named by The National Law Journal as one of the 100 most influential lawyers in America.
Beginning with Daniel Wattenberg's August 1992 The American Spectator article "The Lady Macbeth of Little Rock", Hillary Clinton's own past ideological and ethical record came under attack from conservatives.
From 1988–1992, Hillary Clinton was on the board of the Arkansas Children's Hospital's Legal Services. In addition to her positions with nonprofit organizations, she also held positions on the corporate board of directors of TCBY (1985–1992), Wal-Mart Stores (1986–1992) and Lafarge (1990–1992).
Hillary Rodham served as the first lady of Arkansas for twelve nonconsecutive years from 1979-1981, 1983-1992.
In 1992, Hillary Clinton received sustained national attention for the first time when her husband became a candidate for the Democratic presidential nomination. She made culturally disparaging remarks about Tammy Wynette's song "Stand by Your Man".
In January 1993, Hillary Rodham Clinton became the first lady, when Bill Clinton took office as president. She was the first in this role to have a postgraduate degree and her own professional career.
In January 1993, President Clinton named Hillary Rodham Clinton to chair a task force on National Health Care Reform, which led to the Clinton health care plan. Opponents derided the plan as "Hillarycare".
In 1993, Hillary Clinton became the First Lady of the United States as the wife of Bill Clinton.
In 1993, when Bill Clinton became president, a blind trust was established.
In April 1994, Hillary Clinton's approval ratings, which had generally been in the high-50 percent range during her first year as First Lady, fell to 44 percent.
In September 1994, The Clinton health care plan failed to gather enough support and was abandoned. Hillary Clinton's approval ratings fell to 35 percent by September 1994.
In 1994, Hillary Clinton's health care plan failed to gain approval from Congress.
In 1994, the Republican Party negatively highlighted the Clinton health care plan in their campaign for the 1994 midterm elections, resulting in strong success for the Republican Party. After this, the White House subsequently sought to downplay Hillary Clinton's role in shaping policy.
In September 1995, Hillary Clinton delivered a forceful speech at the Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing, arguing against practices that abused women around the world, including in China. She declared that women's rights should be considered human rights.
In 1995, Hillary Clinton started publishing a weekly syndicated newspaper column titled "Talking It Over".
In 1995, writer Todd S. Purdum of The New York Times characterized Hillary Clinton as a Rorschach test.
Since the Beijing conference in 1995, Hillary Clinton's project "No Ceilings: The Full Participation Project", in partnership with the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, gathered and studied data on the progress of women and girls around the world.
In January 1996, Hillary Clinton went on a ten-city book tour and made numerous television appearances to promote her book "It Takes a Village: And Other Lessons Children Teach Us", although she was frequently hit with questions about her involvement in the Whitewater and Travelgate controversies.
On January 26, 1996, Hillary Clinton became the first spouse of a U.S. president to be subpoenaed to testify before a federal grand jury as part of the Whitewater controversy investigation.
In June 1996, the "Travelgate" investigation led to the discovery of improper White House access to hundreds of FBI background reports on former Republican White House employees, an affair that some called "Filegate". Accusations were made that Clinton had requested these files.
In 1996, Hillary Clinton decided to support the Welfare Reform Act of 1996, which became law as a political compromise, after initially urging her husband to veto earlier versions.
In 1996, Hillary Clinton wrote in her book, 'It Takes a Village,' that most people would describe themselves as 'middle of the road,' liberal in some areas, conservative in others, moderate in most, neither exclusively pro- nor anti-government.
In 1997, Hillary Clinton initiated and shepherded the Adoption and Safe Families Act, which she regarded as her greatest accomplishment as the first lady.
In 1997, Hillary Clinton played a leading role in promoting the creation of the State Children's Health Insurance Program.
In 1997, Hillary Clinton received the Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album for the audio recording of her book "It Takes a Village: And Other Lessons Children Teach Us".
In 1997, Hillary Clinton was a force behind the passage of the State Children's Health Insurance Program, which gave state support to children whose parents could not provide them health coverage.
In November 1998, after Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan announced his retirement, Hillary Clinton was urged to run for his open seat in the Senate election of 2000.
In 1998, Hillary Clinton published the book "Dear Socks, Dear Buddy: Kids' Letters to the First Pets".
In 1998, Hillary Clinton's marital relationship came under public scrutiny during the Clinton–Lewinsky scandal, which led her to publicly reaffirm her commitment to the marriage.
In 1998, investigations revealed that President Bill Clinton had engaged in an extramarital affair with White House intern Monica Lewinsky, leading to his impeachment by the House of Representatives. Hillary Clinton initially characterized the allegations as part of a "vast right-wing conspiracy" before acknowledging her husband's actions.
In September 1999, after deciding to run for Senate, the Clintons purchased a home in Chappaqua, New York.
In 1999, Hillary Clinton played a leading role in promoting the creation of the Adoption and Safe Families Act and the Foster Care Independence Act.
In 1999, Hillary Clinton supported the NATO bombing of Yugoslavia.
In 1999, Hillary Clinton was instrumental in the passage of the Foster Care Independence Act, which doubled federal monies for teenagers aging out of foster care.
In May 2000, Rudy Giuliani withdrew from the Senate race due to being diagnosed with prostate cancer and matters related to his failing marriage becoming public, leaving Hillary Clinton to face Rick Lazio in the election.
On November 7, 2000, Hillary Clinton won the election for U.S. Senator in New York with 55 percent of the vote.
In November 2000, Hillary Clinton hosted a state dinner honoring the bicentennial of the White House.
By 2000, Hillary Clinton's book "It Takes a Village: And Other Lessons Children Teach Us" had sold 450,000 copies in hardcover and another 200,000 in paperback.
In 2000, Hillary Clinton published the book "An Invitation to the White House: At Home with History".
In 2000, Hillary Clinton was against same-sex marriage altogether.
In 2000, Hillary Clinton was first elected to the U.S. Senate, becoming the first female senator from New York.
In 2000, Hillary Clinton's weekly syndicated newspaper column titled "Talking It Over" came to an end.
In 2000, the final Independent Counsel report on "Filegate" found no substantial or credible evidence that Hillary Clinton had any role or showed any misconduct in the matter.
In 2000, the final report on the Whitewater controversy was issued, stating that there was insufficient evidence that either Bill or Hillary Clinton had engaged in criminal wrongdoing.
Later disclosure statements revealed that since 2000, the Clintons had earned over $100 million, most of it coming from Bill's books, speaking engagements and other activities.
When Hillary Clinton ran for Senate in 2000, several fundraising groups such as Save Our Senate and the Emergency Committee to Stop Hillary Rodham Clinton sprang up to oppose her.
On January 3, 2001, Hillary Clinton was sworn in as U.S. Senator, and simultaneously held the titles of First Lady and Senator – a first in U.S. history, until January 20, 2001.
In October 2001, Hillary Clinton voted for the USA Patriot Act following the September 11 terrorist attacks.
In 2001, Hillary Clinton became a U.S. Senator representing New York.
In 2001, Hillary Clinton began her term as U.S. Senator, simultaneously holding the title of First Lady until January 20, 2001. She maintained a low public profile, built relationships with senators from both parties, and became a regular participant in the Senate Prayer Breakfast.
In 2001, Hillary Clinton strongly supported the U.S. military action in Afghanistan, citing it as an opportunity to combat terrorism and improve the lives of Afghan women.
In 2001, Hillary Clinton voted against President Bush's two major tax cut packages, the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act.
In 2001, Hillary Clinton wrote an afterword to the children's book "Beatrice's Goat".
In early 2001, a controversy arose regarding gifts that were sent to the White House. The question was raised whether the furnishings were White House property or the Clintons' personal property. During Bill Clinton's last year in office, those gifts were shipped to the Clintons' private residence.
In October 2002, Hillary Clinton voted in favor of the Authorization for Use of Military Force Against Iraq, and later said she regretted the vote.
In October 2002, Hillary Clinton voted in favor of the Iraq War Resolution, which authorized President George W. Bush to use military force against Iraq.
In 2002, Hillary Clinton was part of the Committee on Budget.
From 2003 through 2006, The Almanac of American Politics rated Hillary Clinton's votes as liberal on economics, social issues, and foreign policy.
From 2003 to 2007, Hillary Clinton chaired the Senate Democratic Steering and Outreach Committee.
In 2003, Hillary Clinton played a formative role in conversations that led to the founding of John Podesta's Center for American Progress.
In 2003, Hillary Clinton was part of the Committee on Armed Services.
In 2003, Simon & Schuster released Hillary Clinton's memoir "Living History", which set a first-week sales record for a nonfiction work and sold more than one million copies in the first month.
Since at least early 2003, Hillary Clinton had been preparing for a potential candidacy for U.S. president.
In June 2004, Hillary Clinton's official White House portrait, painted by Simmie Knox, was unveiled in a ceremony at the White House.
In November 2004, Hillary Clinton announced her intention to seek a second Senate term. She would eventually win against Republican candidate John Spencer.
In 2004, Hillary Clinton advised David Brock's Media Matters for America.
In 2004, Hillary Clinton voted against the Federal Marriage Amendment that sought to prohibit same-sex marriage.
In 2004, National Journal's study of roll-call votes assigned Hillary Clinton a rating of 30 on the political spectrum, relative to the Senate at the time, with a rating of 1 being most liberal and 100 being most conservative.
Reference to the average bounce in conventions since 2004. Following Clinton's seven percentage point convention bounce at the Democratic National Convention, she regained a significant lead in national polls at the start of August.
In February 2005, Hillary Clinton visited Iraq and observed that the insurgency had failed to disrupt the democratic elections and that parts of the country were functioning well.
In 2005, Hillary Clinton called for the Federal Trade Commission to investigate how hidden sex scenes showed up in the controversial video game Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas. Along with senators Joe Lieberman and Evan Bayh, she introduced the Family Entertainment Protection Act, intended to protect children from inappropriate content found in video games.
In 2005, Hillary Clinton expressed concerns with the USA Patriot Act Reauthorization Conference Report regarding civil liberties.
In 2005, Hillary Clinton voted against the confirmation of John Roberts as chief justice of the United States.
In March 2006, Hillary Clinton voted in favor of the USA PATRIOT Improvement and Reauthorization Act of 2005 that had gained large majority support.
On November 7, 2006, Hillary Clinton won the election for the New York Senate seat with 67 percent of the vote against John Spencer.
A 2006 survey by the New York Observer found "a virtual cottage industry" of "anti-Clinton literature" put out by Regnery Publishing and other conservative imprints.
In 2006, Hillary Clinton said she would support a state's decision to permit same-sex marriages, but opposed federally amending the Constitution to permit same-sex marriage.
In 2006, Hillary Clinton voted against the Federal Marriage Amendment that sought to prohibit same-sex marriage.
In 2006, Hillary Clinton voted against the confirmation of Samuel Alito to the U.S. Supreme Court, filibustering the latter.
In 2006, National Journal's rankings placed Hillary Clinton as the 32nd-most liberal senator.
On January 20, 2007, Hillary Clinton announced via her website the formation of a presidential exploratory committee for the 2008 United States presidential election, stating: "I'm in and I'm in to win."
In March 2007, Hillary Clinton called for Attorney General Alberto Gonzales to resign in response to the dismissal of U.S. attorneys controversy.
In April 2007, the Clintons liquidated their blind trust to avoid ethical conflicts as Hillary undertook her presidential race. Later disclosure statements revealed the couple's worth was upwards of $50 million.
In September 2007, Hillary Clinton responded to General David Petraeus's Report to Congress on the Situation in Iraq by stating that the reports required a "willing suspension of disbelief."
For the overall period 2007–14, the Clintons earned almost $141 million, paid some $56 million in federal and state taxes and donated about $15 million to charity.
In 2007, Hillary Clinton's term as chair of the Senate Democratic Steering and Outreach Committee ended.
In 2007, National Journal's rankings placed Hillary Clinton as the 16th-most liberal senator.
Throughout the first half of 2007, Hillary Clinton led candidates competing for the Democratic presidential nomination in opinion polls for the election. Senator Barack Obama and former senator John Edwards were her strongest competitors.
While running for president in 2007, Hillary Clinton reiterated her opposition to same-sex marriage, although she expressed her support of civil unions.
Following Hillary Clinton's "choked up moment" and related incidents in the run-up to the January 2008 New Hampshire primary, both The New York Times and Newsweek found that discussion of gender's role in the campaign had moved into the national political discourse.
Following the final primaries on June 3, 2008, Barack Obama had gained enough delegates to become the presumptive nominee. In a speech before her supporters on June 7, Clinton ended her campaign and endorsed Obama.
In mid-November 2008, President-elect Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton discussed the possibility of her serving as secretary of state in his administration. On November 20, she told Obama she would accept the position.
In December 2008, the appointment of Hillary Clinton as Secretary of State required a Saxbe fix, which was passed and signed into law.
As the 2008 financial crisis reached a peak, Hillary Clinton supported the proposed bailout of the U.S. financial system, voting in favor of the $700 billion law that created the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP).
Hillary Clinton made a guest appearance on Saturday Night Live in 2008 to face-off with her doppelgängers.
In 2008, Hillary Clinton gained a surprise win in the New Hampshire primary, narrowly defeating Barack Obama. It was the first time a woman had won a major American party's presidential primary for the purposes of delegate selection.
In 2008, Hillary Clinton ran for president but lost to Barack Obama in the Democratic primaries.
In 2008, some supporters of Hillary Clinton were concerned she did not leave more funds for a potential presidential bid.
On January 20, 2007, Hillary Clinton announced via her website the formation of a presidential exploratory committee for the United States presidential election of 2008.
Reference is made to Hillary Clinton's 2008 campaign and the management turmoil that harmed her effort.
On January 13, 2009, Hillary Clinton's confirmation hearings before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee began.
On January 21, 2009, Hillary Clinton was confirmed as Secretary of State in the full Senate by a vote of 94-2, resigning from the Senate later that day. She became the first former first lady to be a member of the United States Cabinet.
In March 2009, Hillary Clinton presented Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov with a "reset button" symbolizing U.S. attempts to rebuild ties with Russia under its new president, Dmitry Medvedev.
In October 2009, Hillary Clinton's intervention in Switzerland managed to secure the final signing of a Turkish-Armenian accord that established diplomatic relations and opened the border between the two nations.
In 2009, Bill Clinton was named the UN Special Envoy to Haiti following a tropical storm season that caused $1 billion in damages to Haiti. This tied into the "build back better" program.
In 2009, Hillary Clinton became the 67th United States Secretary of State in the administration of Barack Obama.
In 2009, Hillary Clinton resigned from the Senate to become Barack Obama's Secretary of State.
In 2009, Hillary Clinton's service in the Senate committees came to an end, including Committee on Armed Services, Committee on Environment and Public Works, Committee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions and Special Committee on Aging. She was also a member of the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe.
In 2009, during an internal Obama administration debate regarding the War in Afghanistan, Hillary Clinton sided with the military's recommendations for a maximal "Afghanistan surge."
In a prepared speech in January 2010, Hillary Clinton drew analogies between the Iron Curtain and the free and unfree Internet, which marked the first time that a senior American government official had clearly defined the Internet as a key element of American foreign policy.
In July 2010, Hillary Clinton visited South Korea, where she and Cheryl Mills successfully worked to convince SAE-A, a large apparel subcontractor, to invest in Haiti despite the company's deep concerns about plans to raise the minimum wage.
Beginning in 2010, Hillary Clinton helped organize a diplomatic isolation and international sanctions regime against Iran, in an effort to force curtailment of that country's nuclear program.
In late 2010, the first Quadrennial Diplomacy and Development Review was issued. It called for the U.S. to lead through "civilian power" and prioritize the empowerment of women throughout the world.
As early as March 2011, Hillary Clinton indicated she was not interested in serving a second term as secretary of state should Obama be re-elected in 2012.
During April 2011, Hillary Clinton argued in favor of ordering U.S. special forces to conduct a raid into Pakistan against Osama bin Laden, emphasizing that capturing bin Laden was worth the risks to the U.S. relationship with Pakistan.
In August 2011, as government violence allegedly rose in Syria, Hillary Clinton and the Obama administration called for Syrian president Bashar al-Assad to resign from the presidency.
In December 2011, Hillary Clinton stated before the United Nations Human Rights Council that, "Gay rights are human rights," and that the U.S. would advocate for gay rights and legal protections of gay people abroad.
In 2011, Hillary Clinton favored military intervention in Libya, aligning with Susan Rice and Samantha Power. She overcame internal administration opposition to gain backing and U.N. approval for the intervention. Clinton testified that congressional authorization wasn't needed, despite objections that the War Powers Resolution was being violated. She later promoted unity among Libyan rebels.
In 2011, Hillary Clinton was appointed the Honorary Founding Chair of the Institute for Women, Peace and Security at Georgetown University.
In 2011, the Egyptian protests posed the most challenging foreign policy crisis yet for the Obama administration, and Hillary Clinton played a crucial role in the U.S. response.
In May 2012, Hillary Clinton stated in an interview that she would not seek the presidency again.
On September 11, 2012, the U.S. diplomatic mission in Benghazi, Libya, was attacked, resulting in the deaths of U.S. Ambassador J. Christopher Stevens and three other Americans.
In December 2012, Hillary Clinton was hospitalized for a few days for treatment of a blood clot in her right transverse venous sinus, which was discovered during a follow-up examination for a concussion. The clot was treated with anticoagulant medication, and she made a full recovery.
In December 2012, following Obama's re-election, Obama nominated Senator John Kerry to be Clinton's successor as secretary of state.
Bilateral relations between the United States and Russia would decline considerably after Dmitry Medvedev's presidency ended in 2012 and Vladimir Putin returned to the Russian presidency.
During mid-2012, Hillary Clinton formed a plan with CIA Director David Petraeus to strengthen the Syrian opposition by arming and training vetted groups of Syrian rebels; however, the proposal was rejected by White House officials.
In 2012, Hillary Clinton favored arming Syria's rebel fighters and has called for the removal of Syrian president Bashar al-Assad.
In 2012, Hillary Clinton was harshly criticized by Republicans for the failure to prevent or adequately respond to the Benghazi attack.
On January 23, 2013, Hillary Clinton gave testimony to two congressional foreign affairs committees regarding the Benghazi attack. She defended her actions and said she had no direct role in specific discussions about consulate security. She responded to persistent questioning by saying, "With all due respect, the fact is we had four dead Americans. Was it because of a protest or was it because of guys out for a walk one night who decided that they'd they go kill some Americans? What difference at this point does it make? It is our job to figure out what happened and do everything we can to prevent it from ever happening again, Senator."
February 1, 2013 was Hillary Clinton's last day as secretary of state. Analysts commented that her tenure did not bring any signature diplomatic breakthroughs.
2013 marked the first time that Hillary Clinton expressed support for a national right to same-sex marriage.
In 2013, Hillary Clinton returned to private life and joined the Bill, Hillary & Chelsea Clinton Foundation, focusing on early childhood development efforts such as Too Small to Fail and a $600 million initiative for girls' education worldwide.
In 2013, Hillary Clinton's term as the 67th United States Secretary of State came to an end.
In May 2014, the Republican-led House Select Committee on Benghazi was created to conduct a two-year investigation related to the 2012 Benghazi attack.
In November 2014, the House Intelligence Committee issued a report that concluded there had been no wrongdoing in the administration's response to the Benghazi attack.
During the 2014 Israel–Gaza conflict, Hillary Clinton expressed support for Israel's right to defend itself.
In 2014, Hillary Clinton released her second memoir, Hard Choices, which centered on her tenure as Secretary of State. She also spearheaded the No Ceilings: The Full Participation Project, in partnership with the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, to analyze the progress of women and girls since the 1995 Beijing conference.
In 2014, Hillary Clinton stated that unaccompanied children crossing the border "should be sent back".
In 2014, Hillary Clinton wrote in her autobiography Hard Choices that she had not decided on running for president.
For the fifteen months ending in March 2015, Hillary Clinton earned over $11 million from paid speeches.
On April 12, 2015, Hillary Clinton officially announced her candidacy for the presidency in the 2016 election, focusing on raising middle-class incomes, establishing universal preschool, making college more affordable, and improving the Affordable Care Act.
In April 2015, Hillary Clinton resigned from the board of the Clinton Foundation as she began her presidential campaign.
In a joint statement released on July 15, 2015, the inspector general of the State Department and the inspector general of the intelligence community said their review of Hillary Clinton's emails found classified information that should never have been transmitted via an unclassified personal system.
As of July 2015, Hillary Clinton's book, Hard Choices, had sold approximately 280,000 copies.
By September 2015, with her 2016 presidential campaign underway and beset by continued reports regarding her private email usage at the State Department, Hillary Clinton's ratings had slumped to some of her lowest levels ever.
On October 22, 2015, Hillary Clinton testified at an all-day and nighttime session before the House Select Committee on Benghazi.
Hillary Clinton made a guest appearance on Saturday Night Live in 2015 to face-off with her doppelgängers.
In 2015, Hillary Clinton helped to organize a regime of international sanctions against Iran in an effort to force it to curtail its nuclear program, which eventually led to the multinational Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action.
In 2015, Hillary Clinton's efforts to help organize a diplomatic isolation and international sanctions regime against Iran eventually lead to the multinational Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action being agreed to.
In 2015, organizations attempted to provide more recent assessments of Hillary Clinton after she reentered elective politics.
In a Democratic debate with Bernie Sanders on February 4, 2016, Hillary Clinton said, "I never sent or received any classified material—they are retroactively classifying it."
In February 2016, The New York Times reported that nearly 2,100 emails stored on Hillary Clinton's server were retroactively marked classified by the State Department.
In March 2016, Hillary Clinton acknowledged that: "I'm not a natural politician, in case you haven't noticed."
In March 2016, Hillary Clinton laid out a detailed economic plan based on inclusive capitalism, which The New York Times called "optimistic" and "wide-ranging".
In May 2016, the inspector general of the State Department criticized Hillary Clinton's use of a private email server while secretary of state, stating that she had not requested permission and would not have received it if she had asked.
By June 5, 2016, Hillary Clinton had earned enough pledged delegates and superdelegates for the media to consider her the presumptive nominee for president.
In June 2016, the House Select Committee on Benghazi issued competing final reports; the Republican report offered no evidence of culpability by Clinton.
On July 2, 2016, Hillary Clinton stated: "Let me repeat what I have repeated for many months now, I never received nor sent any material that was marked classified."
On July 5, 2016, the FBI concluded its investigation into Hillary Clinton's use of a private email server while she was Secretary of State.
On July 6, 2016, U.S. Attorney General Loretta Lynch confirmed that the probe into Hillary Clinton's use of private email servers would be closed without criminal charges.
On July 26, 2016, Hillary Clinton was formally nominated at the 2016 Democratic National Convention, becoming the first woman to be nominated for president by a major U.S. political party.
On October 28, 2016, FBI Director James Comey informed Congress that the FBI was reviewing newly discovered emails related to Hillary Clinton, two weeks before the presidential election.
On November 8, 2016, Hillary Clinton was defeated by Donald Trump in the presidential election, despite winning the popular vote by over 2.8 million votes.
On December 19, 2016, during the electoral college vote, Hillary Clinton lost five of her initial 232 votes due to faithless electors.
According to journalist Dan Kaufman, awareness of Hillary Clinton's position on the Wal-Mart board later became a factor in her loss of credibility with organized labor, helping contribute to her loss in the 2016 election.
After her defeat in the 2016 presidential election, Hillary Clinton maintained a low profile.
During a campaign event in 2016, Hillary Clinton confirmed accusations of being "moderate and center," stating "I plead guilty".
In 2016, Hillary Clinton became the Democratic Party's nominee in the presidential election, becoming the first woman to win a presidential nomination by a major U.S. political party and the only woman to win the popular vote for U.S. president.
In 2016, Hillary Clinton had her second presidential run, which was overshadowed by the controversy surrounding her use of a private email server as Secretary of State.
In 2016, Hillary Clinton ran for president, and her campaign focused on raising middle class incomes, establishing universal preschool, making college more affordable and improving the Affordable Care Act.
In 2016, Hillary Clinton was the first major-party presidential candidate ever to write an op-ed for an LGBT newspaper, the Philadelphia Gay News.
In 2016, Hillary Clinton's presidential campaign allegedly violated campaign finance law by misreporting spending on research that eventually became the Steele dossier, which led to a Federal Election Commission investigation and a settlement in 2022.
On August 19, 2024, Clinton spoke at the 2024 Democratic National Convention. In her speech, she referenced the 34 felony convictions of Republican presidential nominee Donald Trump, prompting chants of "Lock him up!" from the crowd in an ironic reference to Trump's own chants of "Lock her up!" in reference to Clinton's email scandal during his 2016 campaign.
Throughout her time as secretary of state, Hillary Clinton conducted official business through her private email server, leading to controversy during her 2016 presidential election campaign.
Throughout most of 2016, Hillary Clinton held a significant lead in national polls over Donald Trump. In the fall of 2016, Clinton and Tim Kaine published Stronger Together, which outlined their vision for the United States.
On January 20, 2017, Hillary Clinton attended the inauguration of Donald Trump, stating she was there to honor democracy.
On March 17, 2017, Hillary Clinton delivered a St. Patrick's Day speech in Scranton, Pennsylvania, signaling her readiness to become politically active again.
In May 2017, Hillary Clinton announced the formation of Onward Together, a political action committee dedicated to advancing the progressive vision.
On September 12, 2017, Hillary Clinton released her book What Happened, reflecting on her defeat in the 2016 election, alongside a picture book adaption of It Takes a Village.
In 2017, after a poison gas attack in Syria, Hillary Clinton said that she had favored more aggressive action against Bashar al-Assad: "I think we should have been more willing to confront Assad. I really believe we should have and still should take out his air fields and prevent him from being able to use them to bomb innocent people and drop sarin gas on them."
The Chancellor position had been vacant since 2018 after the death of her predecessor, Thomas J. Moran at Queen's University Belfast.
In March 2019, Hillary Clinton reiterated that she would not run for president in 2020.
In September 2019, the State Department concluded its internal review of Hillary Clinton's use of a personal email server, finding increased risk of compromised information but no evidence of deliberate mishandling of classified information.
In 2019, Hillary Clinton and her daughter Chelsea co-authored The Book of Gutsy Women.
On January 2, 2020, it was announced that Hillary Clinton would take up the position of Chancellor at Queen's University Belfast.
In March 2020, the documentary film Hillary, a collaboration between Hillary Clinton and director Nanette Burstein, was released on Hulu.
On April 28, 2020, Hillary Clinton endorsed Joe Biden for president in the 2020 election.
On September 29, 2020, Hillary Clinton launched an interview podcast in collaboration with iHeartRadio titled You and Me Both.
In 2020, Hillary Clinton and her daughter Chelsea co-authored Grandma's Gardens.
In March 2019, Hillary Clinton reiterated that she would not run for president in 2020.
Since 2020, Hillary Clinton has served as Chancellor of Queen's University Belfast.
On October 12, 2021, Hillary Clinton co-authored the fiction novel State of Terror with Louise Penny.
In 2022, Hillary Clinton's 2016 presidential campaign and the Democratic National Committee agreed to pay $113,000 to settle a Federal Election Commission investigation. The investigation looked into whether they violated campaign finance law by misreporting spending on research that eventually became the Steele dossier.
In January 2023, Columbia University announced that Hillary Clinton would join the university as a professor of practice and presidential fellow.
During 2023, Hillary Clinton joined Columbia University as a Professor of Practice at the School of International and Public Affairs.
On July 21, 2024, Hillary Clinton endorsed Kamala Harris for president in the 2024 election.
On August 19, 2024, Hillary Clinton spoke at the 2024 Democratic National Convention. She referenced Donald Trump's felony convictions, prompting chants of "Lock him up!".
On September 17, 2024, Hillary Clinton released another memoir, Something Lost, Something Gained.
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