History of Hillary Clinton in Timeline
Hillary Clinton is a prominent American politician and diplomat who served as the 67th U.S. Secretary of State (2009-2013) under President Barack Obama. She was also a U.S. Senator for New York (2001-2009) and First Lady during Bill Clinton's presidency (1993-2001). A member of the Democratic Party, she made history as the first woman to secure a presidential nomination from a major U.S. political party in 2016. Although she won the popular vote, she ultimately lost the election.
October 26, 1947: Birth of Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton
Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton was born on October 26, 1947.
1955: Clinton Becomes First Secretary of State to Visit Burma Since 1955
Hillary Clinton made a historic visit to Burma in December 2011, becoming the first U.S. Secretary of State to do so since 1955. During her trip, she met with both Burmese leaders and opposition figure Aung San Suu Kyi, demonstrating support for the country's ongoing democratic reforms.
1960: Early Exposure to Politics and Allegations of Electoral Fraud
At the age of 13, Hillary Rodham's interest in politics was piqued when she helped canvass Chicago's South Side after the 1960 U.S. presidential election. She later claimed to have witnessed evidence of electoral fraud against Republican candidate Richard Nixon.
1961: Aspirations to Become an Astronaut
Inspired by the Space Race, a young Hillary Rodham sent a letter to NASA in 1961 expressing her desire to become an astronaut, only to be informed that women were not eligible for the program.
1962: Encounter with Martin Luther King Jr.
Hillary Rodham's perspective was broadened in 1962 when she heard civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. speak in Chicago, an experience that left a lasting impact.
1964: Volunteering for Barry Goldwater's Campaign
Hillary Rodham volunteered for Republican candidate Barry Goldwater's presidential campaign in 1964, demonstrating her early involvement in conservative politics.
1965: Enrollment at Wellesley College and Presidency of the Wellesley Young Republicans
Hillary Rodham began her higher education journey at Wellesley College in 1965, majoring in political science. She also served as the president of the Wellesley Young Republicans, aligning herself with moderate Republican views.
1965: High School Graduation
Hillary Rodham graduated in the top five percent of her class from Maine South High School in 1965.
1968: Shifting Political Allegiances and Internship Experiences
During her time at Wellesley, Hillary Rodham interned at the House Republican Conference and for Nelson Rockefeller's presidential campaign. However, she became disillusioned with the Republican party's tactics and messages, ultimately shifting her allegiance.
1968: Student Activism and Leadership at Wellesley College
In 1968, Hillary Rodham was elected president of the Wellesley College Government Association. Following Martin Luther King Jr's assassination, she organized a student strike and worked to recruit more black students and faculty.
1969: Graduation from Wellesley College and Growing Political Views
Hillary Rodham graduated from Wellesley College in 1969, becoming the first student to speak at commencement. Her speech, critical of Senator Edward Brooke, garnered national attention. This marked a turning point in her political views, moving away from Republican ideals.
1969: Post-Graduation Experiences and Advocacy
After graduating from Wellesley in 1969, Hillary Rodham worked various jobs, including in Alaska's fish processing industry, where she advocated for better working conditions. Her activism continued as she spoke at the League of Women Voters convention, further solidifying her voice in public affairs.
1969: Graduation from Wellesley College
Hillary Rodham graduated from Wellesley College in 1969 with a degree in political science.
1970: Yale Law School and Early Legal Work
Hillary Rodham began attending Yale Law School in 1970, where she engaged in various social justice initiatives. Her work at the Yale Child Study Center, New Haven Legal Services, and the Senate Subcommittee on Migratory Labor showcased her commitment to children's rights and social justice.
1971: Meeting Bill Clinton and Legal Activism
Hillary Rodham began dating Bill Clinton in 1971 while at Yale Law School. That summer, she interned at Treuhaft, Walker and Burnstein, a law firm known for its commitment to civil liberties and radical causes, further showcasing her dedication to social justice.
1972: Campaigning for George McGovern
Hillary Rodham and Bill Clinton campaigned for Democratic presidential candidate George McGovern in 1972. This experience further cemented her involvement in politics.
1972: Surpassing Shirley Chisholm's Milestone
In 1972, Congresswoman Shirley Chisholm made history as the first African American woman to seek a major party's nomination for President of the United States. Her campaign marked a significant milestone in American politics, paving the way for greater representation and inclusion.
1973: Graduation from Yale Law School and Relationship with Bill Clinton
Hillary Rodham graduated from Yale Law School in 1973. She chose to stay at Yale an extra year to be with Bill Clinton, who proposed marriage, though she didn't accept at the time.
1973: Publication of "Children Under the Law"
In 1973, Hillary Rodham published her influential article "Children Under the Law." This work advocated for recognizing children's rights and challenged the legal view of children as incompetent.
1973: Graduation from Yale Law School
Hillary Rodham graduated from Yale Law School in 1973.
1973: Postgraduate Studies and Advocacy for Children's Rights
After graduating from Yale Law School in 1973, Hillary Rodham pursued postgraduate studies on children and medicine at the Yale Child Study Center. She continued her work advocating for children's rights as a staff attorney for the Children's Defense Fund.
August 1974: Role in Watergate Impeachment Inquiry
Hillary Rodham played a significant role in the Watergate scandal in August 1974. As part of the impeachment inquiry staff, she advised the House Committee on the Judiciary, showcasing her legal acumen and political understanding.
August 1974: Move to Arkansas and Career at the University of Arkansas Law School
In August 1974, Hillary Rodham made the significant decision to move to Arkansas to be with Bill Clinton. She began teaching at the University of Arkansas School of Law, becoming one of only two female faculty members.
1974: Bill Clinton's Unsuccessful Congressional Run
Bill Clinton's loss in the 1974 Arkansas congressional race against incumbent John Paul Hammerschmidt marked a setback in his political career.
October 11, 1975: Marriage to Bill Clinton
Hillary Rodham married Bill Clinton on October 11, 1975. She made the unconventional decision to keep her maiden name, signifying her commitment to her own identity and career.
1975: Marriage to Bill Clinton
Hillary Rodham married Bill Clinton, whom she met at Yale Law School, in 1975.
November 1976: Bill Clinton Elected Arkansas Attorney General
After working on Jimmy Carter's presidential campaign, Hillary Rodham and Bill Clinton moved to Little Rock, Arkansas, following his election as Arkansas attorney general in November 1976.
1976: Hillary Rodham's Role in Jimmy Carter's Presidential Campaign
In 1976, Hillary Rodham served as the campaign director of field operations in Indiana for Jimmy Carter's successful presidential campaign, showcasing her political acumen and dedication.
February 1977: Hillary Rodham Joins Rose Law Firm and Co-founds Arkansas Advocates for Children and Families
Hillary Rodham joined the Rose Law Firm in February 1977, specializing in intellectual property law and child advocacy work. She also co-founded Arkansas Advocates for Children and Families in 1977, demonstrating her commitment to social causes.
1977: Co-founding of Arkansas Advocates for Children and Families
Hillary Clinton co-founded the Arkansas Advocates for Children and Families in 1977, demonstrating her commitment to child welfare.
1977: Appointment to the Legal Services Corporation Board
President Jimmy Carter appointed Hillary Rodham to the board of directors of the Legal Services Corporation in 1977, recognizing her legal expertise and commitment to public service.
November 1978: Bill Clinton Elected Governor of Arkansas
Bill Clinton was elected governor of Arkansas in November 1978, marking the beginning of his journey as the state's chief executive.
1978: Appointment as First Female Chair of the Legal Services Corporation
Breaking barriers, Hillary Clinton was appointed the first female Chair of the Legal Services Corporation in 1978.
1978: Hillary Clinton Cattle Futures Controversy
Hillary Clinton's cattle futures trading in 1978 and 1979 sparked controversy and allegations of conflict of interest and potential bribery, though no formal investigation or charges were ever brought against her.
1978: First Female Chair of the Legal Services Corporation Board
Hillary Rodham made history in 1978 by becoming the first female chair of the Legal Services Corporation board, a testament to her leadership and impact on the legal profession.
1978: Hillary Rodham's Financial Success and the Whitewater Controversy
In 1978, Hillary Rodham experienced financial success through cattle futures trading, but her involvement in the Whitewater Development Corporation real estate venture with the McDougals would later become a subject of controversy in the 1990s.
January 1979: Hillary Rodham Becomes First Lady of Arkansas
Hillary Rodham became the First Lady of Arkansas in January 1979, assuming a new role with a focus on public service and advocating for important causes.
1979: First Term as First Lady of Arkansas
Hillary Clinton began her first term as the First Lady of Arkansas in 1979.
1979: Hillary Clinton Cattle Futures Controversy
Hillary Clinton's cattle futures trading in 1978 and 1979 sparked controversy and allegations of conflict of interest and potential bribery, though no formal investigation or charges were ever brought against her.
1979: Hillary Rodham Becomes First Female Full Partner at Rose Law Firm and Birth of Chelsea Clinton
In a year of milestones, Hillary Rodham became the first female full partner at Rose Law Firm in 1979 and gave birth to her daughter, Chelsea, demonstrating her commitment to both her career and family.
February 27, 1980: Birth of Chelsea Clinton
Hillary and Bill Clinton welcomed their only child, Chelsea, on February 27, 1980, a significant personal milestone.
November 1980: Bill Clinton's Re-election Defeat
Bill Clinton's bid for re-election as governor of Arkansas was unsuccessful in November 1980, marking a setback in his political career.
1980: Hillary Rodham's Tenure as Chair of the Legal Services Corporation Board
From mid-1978 to mid-1980, Hillary Rodham served as the first female chair of the Legal Services Corporation board, demonstrating her leadership and commitment to expanding access to legal services.
1981: End of Tenure at the Legal Services Corporation
Hillary Rodham concluded her service on the board of directors of the Legal Services Corporation in 1981, marking the end of a significant chapter in her career.
1981: End of First Term as First Lady of Arkansas
Hillary Clinton's first term as the First Lady of Arkansas came to an end in 1981.
1982: Bill Clinton's Return to Arkansas Governorship and Hillary's Use of "Hillary Clinton"
Bill Clinton returned to the governorship of Arkansas in 1982. During the campaign, Hillary began using the name "Hillary Clinton" to resonate with voters and took a leave of absence from Rose Law Firm to support her husband's campaign full-time.
1982: Hillary Clinton's Involvement with the New World Foundation
From 1982 to 1988, Hillary Clinton served on the board of directors of the New World Foundation, a progressive organization supporting social justice causes. Her involvement reflects her commitment to progressive values.
1983: Hillary Clinton Appointed Chair of the Rural Health Advisory Committee
As First Lady of Arkansas, Hillary Clinton was appointed chair of the Rural Health Advisory Committee in 1983, where she focused on improving healthcare access in underserved communities.
1983: Second Term as First Lady of Arkansas
Hillary Clinton began her second term as the First Lady of Arkansas in 1983.
1983: Hillary Clinton Appointed Chair of the Arkansas Education Standards Committee
Hillary Clinton was appointed chair of the Arkansas Education Standards Committee in 1983, where she championed education reform and fought for mandatory teacher testing and improved educational standards.
1985: Introduction of Arkansas's Home Instruction Program for Preschool Youth
Hillary Clinton introduced Arkansas's Home Instruction Program for Preschool Youth in 1985, aiming to support early childhood education and parental involvement in their children's learning.
1985: Joining the Board of Directors of TCBY
Hillary Clinton joined the board of directors of TCBY, an Arkansas-based frozen yogurt company, in 1985, showcasing her involvement in the business world.
1986: Accusations of Conflict of Interest Against the Clintons
During Bill Clinton's 1986 gubernatorial re-election campaign, opponents accused the Clintons of conflict of interest due to Hillary's work at Rose Law Firm and the firm's state business. The Clintons denied these allegations, stating that state fees were handled separately.
1986: Appointment to Wal-Mart's Board of Directors
Hillary Clinton's appointment to Wal-Mart's board of directors in 1986 marked a significant moment as the company's first female board member, reflecting her influence and advocacy for women in leadership.
1988: Leadership Roles in Children's Advocacy Organizations
Hillary Clinton demonstrated her dedication to children's welfare through her roles as chairman of the board of the Children's Defense Fund and her service on the board of the Arkansas Children's Hospital's Legal Services from 1988 to 1992.
1988: Hillary Clinton Recognized as One of the 100 Most Influential Lawyers in America
Hillary Clinton's impact on the legal profession was recognized in 1988 when she was named one of the 100 most influential lawyers in America by The National Law Journal, highlighting her legal expertise and advocacy work.
1990: Joining the Board of Directors of Lafarge
Hillary Clinton expanded her corporate board experience in 1990 by joining the board of directors of Lafarge, a global building materials company, demonstrating her engagement with diverse industries.
1990: Consideration of Hillary Clinton's Potential Gubernatorial Run
When Bill Clinton contemplated not running for re-election as governor in 1990, Hillary Clinton considered running for the position. However, unfavorable private polls led to her decision not to pursue the governorship at that time, and Bill Clinton ran and was re-elected.
1991: Second Recognition as One of the 100 Most Influential Lawyers in America
Hillary Clinton's influence in the legal field continued to grow, earning her a second recognition as one of the 100 most influential lawyers in America by The National Law Journal in 1991.
August 1992: Conservative Attacks on Hillary Clinton and Comparisons to Lady Macbeth
Starting in August 1992, conservative publications, notably Daniel Wattenberg's article in The American Spectator, launched attacks on Hillary Clinton's character and ideology, drawing comparisons to Lady Macbeth. These attacks reflected the growing political polarization and scrutiny faced by prominent political figures.
1992: End of Second Term as First Lady of Arkansas
Hillary Clinton's second term as the First Lady of Arkansas concluded in 1992.
January 1993: Hillary Rodham Clinton Becomes First Lady and Assumes an Active Role in the White House
In January 1993, as Bill Clinton took office as president, Hillary Rodham Clinton became the First Lady, breaking new ground with her postgraduate degree, professional career, and an office in the West Wing. Her active role in the administration, including involvement in vetting appointments, solidified her position as one of the most empowered presidential wives in American history.
January 1993: Appointment as Chair of the Task Force on National Health Care Reform
In January 1993, President Clinton appointed Hillary Clinton to lead the task force on National Health Care Reform, aiming to build upon her success with education reform in Arkansas.
1993: Beginning of First Lady Term
Hillary Clinton's role as First Lady of the U.S. to President Bill Clinton commenced in 1993.
1993: Establishment of the Blind Trust
In 1993, when Bill Clinton assumed the presidency, a blind trust was established to manage their financial assets and prevent potential conflicts of interest during his time in office. This measure aimed to ensure transparency and maintain public trust.
April 1994: Decline in Hillary Clinton's Approval Ratings
Hillary Clinton's approval ratings declined to 44% in April 1994, a significant drop from the high-50s during her first year as First Lady, partly attributed to the controversy surrounding the Clinton health care plan.
September 1994: Abandonment of the Clinton Health Care Plan
In September 1994, the Clinton health care plan, a proposal requiring employers to provide health coverage through HMOs, was abandoned due to lack of support in Congress.
1994: Healthcare Reform Plan Failure
Hillary Clinton's proposed healthcare reform plan faced a setback in 1994 when it failed to gain approval from Congress.
1994: Republican Campaign Focus on Clinton Health Care Plan
The Republican Party strategically emphasized the Clinton health care plan during the 1994 midterm elections, contributing to the Democrats' defeat and leading the White House to minimize Hillary Clinton's role in policy decisions.
September 1995: Speech at the Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing
During her September 1995 speech at the Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing, Hillary Clinton strongly condemned practices harming women globally, particularly within China, emphasizing that women's rights are fundamentally human rights.
1995: Start of "Talking It Over" Newspaper Column
Hillary Clinton began writing her weekly syndicated newspaper column, "Talking It Over," in 1995. The column focused on her experiences and those of women, children, and families she encountered during her travels worldwide.
1995: Advocacy for Gender Equality at the World Conference on Women
Hillary Clinton championed gender equality at the 1995 World Conference on Women, using her platform to advocate for women's rights on a global stage.
1995: Characterized as a "Rorschach Test"
Hillary Clinton was described as a "Rorschach test" in 1995 by writer Todd S. Purdum of The New York Times, reflecting diverse perspectives on her. Feminist writer Betty Friedan echoed this sentiment, linking it to the evolving role of women in society.
1995: Clinton Foundation and the Beijing Conference
The Clinton Foundation began accepting new donations from foreign governments after Hillary Clinton left her position as Secretary of State. Despite stopping donations during her tenure, the foundation continued to take large donations from foreign citizens, some with ties to their government.
January 1996: Publication and Book Tour for "It Takes a Village: And Other Lessons Children Teach Us"
Hillary Clinton's book, "It Takes a Village: And Other Lessons Children Teach Us," presented her vision for American children. In January 1996, she embarked on a ten-city book tour to promote it.
January 26, 1996: Hillary Clinton's Testimony Before a Federal Grand Jury
On January 26, 1996, Hillary Clinton became the first wife of a U.S. President to testify before a federal grand jury due to the Whitewater controversy, a real estate investigation involving the Clintons and their associates' investments in the 1970s.
June 1996: Discovery of Improper White House Access to FBI Background Reports ("Filegate")
The "Travelgate" investigation led to the June 1996 uncovering of inappropriate White House access to FBI background reports of former Republican White House staff, known as "Filegate." Accusations were made against Hillary Clinton, but a 2000 report found no substantial evidence of her involvement or wrongdoing.
1996: Welfare Reform Act of 1996
In 1996, Hillary Clinton decided to support the Welfare Reform Act, a compromise bill that restored some protections for people transitioning off welfare but reduced benefits in other areas.
1996: Publication of "It Takes a Village"
In 1996, Hillary Clinton published her book "It Takes a Village," focusing on the importance of community and collective responsibility in raising children. The book resonated with many and became a notable work during her time as First Lady.
1997: Passage of the State Children's Health Insurance Program
Hillary Clinton played a crucial role in passing the State Children's Health Insurance Program in 1997, alongside Senators Ted Kennedy and Orrin Hatch. The program provided state support for children's health coverage if their parents couldn't afford it.
1997: Advocacy for Children's Health and Family Welfare
Hillary Clinton played a leading role in advocating for crucial legislation in 1997, including the State Children's Health Insurance Program, the Adoption and Safe Families Act, and the Foster Care Independence Act.
1997: Grammy Award for "It Takes a Village" Audiobook
Hillary Clinton won a Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album in 1997 for the audiobook version of her book, "It Takes a Village".
1997: Creation of the Office on Violence Against Women and Passage of the Adoption and Safe Families Act
Working with Attorney General Janet Reno in 1997, Hillary Clinton helped establish the Office on Violence Against Women. Additionally, she considers her successful effort in passing the Adoption and Safe Families Act her most significant achievement as First Lady.
November 1998: Decision to Run for Senate
Encouraged by prominent Democrats, Hillary Clinton decided to run for the U.S. Senate seat vacated by Daniel Patrick Moynihan. This decision marked a pivotal moment, as she was the first First Lady to seek elected office.
1998: Publication of "Dear Socks, Dear Buddy: Kids' Letters to the First Pets"
Hillary Clinton published the book "Dear Socks, Dear Buddy: Kids' Letters to the First Pets" in 1998.
1998: Public Scrutiny During the Lewinsky Scandal
Hillary Clinton's marital relationship faced intense public scrutiny in 1998 during the Lewinsky scandal, a challenging period in her personal life.
1998: Lewinsky Scandal and Public Response
In 1998, the Clinton family faced intense public scrutiny due to investigations into President Bill Clinton's affair with White House intern Monica Lewinsky. Hillary Clinton initially defended her husband, calling the allegations a "vast right-wing conspiracy." However, as evidence mounted, she later acknowledged being misled by her husband's initial denials. Despite the turmoil, Hillary Clinton publicly reaffirmed her commitment to their marriage.
September 1999: Relocation to New York
To establish residency in New York, the Clintons bought a home in Chappaqua in September 1999, preparing for Hillary Clinton's Senate run.
1999: Continued Advocacy for Children's Health and Family Welfare
Hillary Clinton continued her advocacy efforts in 1999, further demonstrating her commitment to improving the lives of children and families.
1999: Support for NATO Intervention in Yugoslavia
Hillary Clinton supported the NATO bombing of Yugoslavia in 1999.
1999: Passage of the Foster Care Independence Act
In 1999, Hillary Clinton was instrumental in passing the Foster Care Independence Act, which doubled federal funding for teenagers transitioning out of foster care.
May 2000: Shift in Senate Race Opponent
Initially expecting to run against Rudy Giuliani, Hillary Clinton's campaign strategy shifted when Giuliani withdrew from the Senate race in May 2000 due to health and personal issues. She then faced Rick Lazio.
November 7, 2000: Senate Election Victory
Hillary Clinton won the New York Senate election on November 7, 2000, against Republican Rick Lazio, securing a significant victory despite accusations of carpetbagging during the campaign.
November 2000: White House Events and Celebrations
In November 2000, Hillary Clinton hosted a state dinner at the White House to commemorate its bicentennial. As First Lady, she also hosted numerous other significant events, including a state dinner for Chinese dignitaries and a New Year's Eve celebration for the new millennium.
2000: Final Report on Whitewater Controversy
A final report published in 2000 concerning the Whitewater controversy, concluded that there wasn't enough evidence to prove Hillary Clinton's involvement in any criminal activity.
2000: Sales Milestone for "It Takes a Village"
By 2000, Hillary Clinton's book "It Takes a Village" had sold 450,000 hardcover and 200,000 paperback copies.
2000: Formation of Opposition Groups
During Hillary Clinton's 2000 Senate run, several groups, including "Save Our Senate" and the "Emergency Committee to Stop Hillary Rodham Clinton," emerged to oppose her candidacy.
2000: Financial Success Following Presidency
From 2000 onward, following Bill Clinton's departure from the White House, the Clintons experienced significant financial success, amassing a considerable fortune. A substantial portion of their income was generated through book deals, speaking engagements, and consulting fees.
2000: Historic Election to the U.S. Senate
Hillary Clinton achieved a historic milestone in 2000 when she was elected to the U.S. Senate, becoming the first female senator from New York and the first First Lady to hold elected office concurrently.
2000: Stance on Same-Sex Marriage
Hillary Clinton initially opposed same-sex marriage in 2000. In the same year, she became the first spouse of a U.S. president to participate in an LGBT pride parade.
2000: Publication of "An Invitation to the White House: At Home with History"
Hillary Clinton released her book "An Invitation to the White House: At Home with History" in 2000.
2000: End of "Talking It Over" Newspaper Column
Hillary Clinton's weekly syndicated newspaper column, "Talking It Over," concluded in 2000.
2000: Final Independent Counsel Report on "Filegate"
The final Independent Counsel report in 2000 found no substantial or credible evidence of Hillary Clinton's involvement or misconduct in the "Filegate" matter, which involved improper access to FBI background reports.
January 3, 2001: Sworn into the Senate
Hillary Clinton was sworn in as U.S. Senator for New York on January 3, 2001. This event marked a historic moment as she became the first First Lady to hold a Senate seat concurrently.
October 2001: Support for 9/11 Recovery and Security Measures
In October 2001, following the September 11th terrorist attacks, Hillary Clinton voted for the USA Patriot Act, prioritizing national security. She also worked to secure funding for New York City's recovery efforts and address the health concerns of 9/11 first responders.
2001: Controversy Over White House Gifts
In early 2001, a controversy emerged regarding gifts sent to the White House during Bill Clinton's presidency. The controversy centered around whether these furnishings were White House property or belonged to the Clintons personally.
2001: Afterword for "Beatrice's Goat"
In 2001, Hillary Clinton contributed an afterword to the children's book "Beatrice's Goat".
2001: Early Senate Career and Committee Assignments
In 2001, Hillary Clinton began her Senate term, focusing on building relationships across the aisle and maintaining a low profile. She served on several committees, including the Committee on Budget, Committee on Environment and Public Works, Committee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions, and the Special Committee on Aging.
2001: Election to the U.S. Senate and Start of First Lady Term
Hillary Clinton was elected to the U.S. Senate representing New York in 2001, becoming the first female senator from the state. This year also marked the beginning of her term as the First Lady of the U.S. to President Bill Clinton.
2001: Opposition to Tax Cut Legislation
Hillary Clinton opposed President Bush's Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001, demonstrating her stance on economic policies.
2001: Support for Military Action in Afghanistan
Hillary Clinton advocated for the 2001 U.S. military intervention in Afghanistan, viewing it as an opportunity to combat terrorism and improve the lives of Afghan women living under Taliban rule.
October 2002: Vote on Iraq War Authorization
Hillary Clinton voted in favor of the Authorization for Use of Military Force Against Iraq in October 2002, a decision she later admitted regretting.
October 2002: Vote for Iraq War Resolution
Hillary Clinton voted in favor of the October 2002 Iraq War Resolution, authorizing President George W. Bush to use military force against Iraq.
2002: Support for the Iraq War Resolution
Hillary Clinton voted in favor of the resolution authorizing the Iraq War in 2002, a decision that would later draw criticism.
2003: Early Preparations for a Presidential Candidacy
As early as 2003, Clinton had begun laying the groundwork for a potential candidacy for the U.S. presidency. This early planning phase involved assembling a team of advisors, developing policy positions, and cultivating relationships with potential donors and supporters.
2003: Chairing the Senate Democratic Steering and Outreach Committee
From 2003, Hillary Clinton served as the Chair of the Senate Democratic Steering and Outreach Committee, a testament to her leadership within the Democratic Party.
2003: Opposition to Bush Tax Cuts and Release of Memoir
Hillary Clinton voted against the Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003, furthering her opposition to the Bush administration's tax cuts. This year also marked the release of her memoir, "Living History."
2003: Continued Senate Work and Focus on Armed Services
Hillary Clinton's Senate career continued in 2003, and she joined the Committee on Armed Services, demonstrating her growing influence in foreign policy and national security matters.
2003: Reflection on Evolving Political Views
In 2003, Hillary Clinton reflected on her early college years, noting that her views on the civil rights movement and the Vietnam War were undergoing a transformation.
2003: Formative Role in Progressive Organizations
In 2003, seeking to build a robust "progressive infrastructure" to counter American conservatism, Clinton played a key role in discussions that led to the establishment of several influential organizations. This included the Center for American Progress, founded by former Clinton administration chief of staff John Podesta, Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington, and David Brock's Media Matters for America.
2003: Almanac of American Politics Assessment
The Almanac of American Politics evaluated Hillary Clinton's votes from 2003 to 2006 as leaning liberal on economic, social, and foreign policy matters.
November 2004: Declaration for Second Senate Term
In November 2004, Clinton formally announced her intention to seek a second term in the Senate. This decision signaled her commitment to public service and set the stage for another competitive election cycle.
2004: Political Spectrum Rankings
In 2004, various organizations, including National Journal and political scientists, analyzed Hillary Clinton's Senate votes and placed her on the political spectrum, generally leaning towards the liberal side.
2004: Opposition to the Federal Marriage Amendment
In 2004, Hillary Clinton voted against the Federal Marriage Amendment, which aimed to constitutionally define marriage as between one man and one woman, indicating her early support for LGBTQ+ rights.
2004: Advocating for Democratic Messaging
Following the 2004 Senate elections, Clinton successfully advocated for new Democratic Senate leader Harry Reid to create a Senate "war room" dedicated to managing daily political messaging. This move highlighted her strategic thinking and commitment to strengthening the Democratic party's communication strategies.
February 2005: Assessment of the Iraq War and Troop Levels
During a visit to Iraq in February 2005, Hillary Clinton observed the progress of democratic elections and acknowledged the strain of war deployments on U.S. forces. She proposed increasing the size of the U.S. Army to address this issue.
2005: Focus on Video Game Content and Family Entertainment
Hillary Clinton called for an investigation into hidden content in the video game "Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas," raising concerns about children's exposure to inappropriate material in media.
2005: Opposition to Supreme Court Nomination
Hillary Clinton opposed the confirmation of John Roberts as Chief Justice of the United States in 2005, highlighting her position on judicial appointments.
2005: Concerns over USA Patriot Act Renewal
While supporting the USA Patriot Act initially, Hillary Clinton expressed concerns about civil liberties during its renewal in 2005, reflecting a nuanced stance on balancing security and freedom.
March 2006: Vote for USA Patriot Act Reauthorization
Despite earlier reservations, Hillary Clinton voted in favor of the USA PATRIOT Improvement and Reauthorization Act of 2005, aligning with the majority who supported its passage.
November 7, 2006: Re-election to the Senate
On November 7, 2006, Clinton secured a resounding victory in her bid for a second Senate term, defeating Republican candidate John Spencer by a significant margin. Her victory solidified her position as a prominent figure in American politics.
2006: Evolving Stance on Same-Sex Marriage
Hillary Clinton's stance on same-sex marriage shifted in 2006, expressing support for states' decisions to legalize it while opposing a federal amendment for it.
2006: National Journal Ranking
National Journal ranked Hillary Clinton as the 32nd-most liberal senator in 2006 based on her voting record.
2006: Continued Opposition to Same-Sex Marriage Ban
Hillary Clinton reaffirmed her stance on same-sex marriage by voting against the Federal Marriage Amendment in 2006, further solidifying her support for marriage equality.
2006: Support for Israel During Lebanon War
Hillary Clinton expressed support for Israel's right to defend itself during the 2006 Lebanon War.
2006: Opposition to Samuel Alito's Supreme Court Nomination
Hillary Clinton continued to voice her opposition to President Bush's Supreme Court nominations, voting against Samuel Alito's confirmation and participating in a filibuster to block his appointment.
2006: Publication of Anti-Clinton Literature
A 2006 survey by the New York Observer highlighted the rise of "anti-Clinton literature," particularly from conservative publishers like Regnery Publishing.
January 20, 2007: Formation of Presidential Exploratory Committee
On January 20, 2007, marking a pivotal moment in her political career, Clinton officially announced the formation of a presidential exploratory committee for the 2008 United States presidential election. Her declaration, "I'm in and I'm in to win," signaled her intention to compete for the highest office in the nation and potentially become the first female president.
March 2007: Call for Alberto Gonzales' Resignation
In March 2007, amidst the controversy surrounding the dismissal of U.S. attorneys, Clinton joined other lawmakers in calling for the resignation of Attorney General Alberto Gonzales. Her stance on the issue reflected her commitment to accountability and the rule of law.
April 2007: Liquidation of the Blind Trust
In April 2007, as part of her preparations for the presidential race, the Clintons made a significant financial decision by liquidating their blind trust. This step was taken to prevent potential ethical conflicts or political complications during her campaign.
September 2007: Response to the Iraq War Situation Report
In September 2007, Clinton publicly expressed skepticism about General David Petraeus's Report to Congress on the Situation in Iraq. Her statement, "I think that the reports that you provide to us really require a willing suspension of disbelief," reflected her continued concerns about the war's trajectory and its impact.
2007: Competing in the Democratic Primaries
Throughout the first half of 2007, Clinton emerged as the frontrunner in the race for the Democratic presidential nomination. She consistently led in national opinion polls, demonstrating her strong support among Democratic voters.
2007: National Journal Ranking
Hillary Clinton's ranking in the National Journal shifted to the 16th-most liberal senator in 2007.
2007: Advocating for Military Body Armor Investigation
In 2007, driven by concerns for the safety of American troops serving in Iraq, Clinton and Virginia Senator Jim Webb called for a formal investigation into the adequacy of the body armor issued to soldiers. Their initiative highlighted their dedication to the well-being of military personnel serving in combat zones.
2007: Financial Crisis Response Begins
In 2007, as the financial crisis began to unfold, Clinton closely monitored the situation and participated in legislative efforts to address the growing economic challenges. Her actions during this period demonstrated her commitment to finding solutions amidst complex economic circumstances.
2007: Opposition to the Iraq War Troop Surge
Hillary Clinton expressed her opposition to the surge of U.S. troops in Iraq in 2007, highlighting her evolving stance on the war.
2007: Clinton's Earnings and Charitable Giving (2007-2014)
From 2007 to 2014, the Clintons earned almost $141 million, paid around $56 million in federal and state taxes, and donated about $15 million to charity.
2007: Position on Same-Sex Marriage During Presidential Campaign
During her 2007 presidential campaign, Hillary Clinton maintained her opposition to same-sex marriage while advocating for civil unions.
January 2008: "Love Her" or "Hate Her": Public Perception and Gender Dynamics in Clinton's 2008 Campaign
In January 2008, Hillary Clinton's public image was marked by polarization, with media depictions often highlighting a "love her" or "hate her" dichotomy. This period also saw increased scrutiny of gender's role in politics, particularly following Clinton's performance in the New Hampshire primary.
June 3, 2008: End of the Primary Campaign
The final primaries on June 3, 2008, marked the culmination of an intense and closely watched Democratic primary season. By this point, it became evident that Obama had secured enough delegates to become the presumptive nominee.
September 2008: Supporting the Financial System Bailout
As the financial crisis of 2007-2008 reached a critical point in September 2008 with the liquidity crisis, Clinton took a decisive stance by supporting the proposed bailout of the U.S. financial system. Her vote in favor of the $700 billion Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) underscored her commitment to stabilizing the economy and protecting American interests.
November 2008: Discussions about Secretary of State Position
In mid-November 2008, following the historic presidential election, President-elect Obama and Clinton engaged in discussions about the possibility of her serving as secretary of state in his administration. This marked a potential turning point in her career, offering a new avenue for public service on the global stage.
December 2008: Appointment as Secretary of State Requires Saxbe Fix
In December 2008, Hillary Clinton's appointment as Secretary of State necessitated the passing and signing of the Saxbe fix. This was required to allow her to serve in the position.
2008: Preparing for a Presidential Bid
Following her re-election to the Senate, Clinton and her team began preparing for a potential presidential bid in 2008. This planning phase involved strategic fundraising, policy development, and building a nationwide campaign infrastructure.
2008: First Presidential Run and Loss to Barack Obama
Hillary Clinton launched her first presidential campaign in 2008 but faced defeat in the Democratic primaries against Barack Obama.
2008: Guest Appearance on "Saturday Night Live"
Hillary Clinton made a guest appearance on "Saturday Night Live" in 2008, interacting with her satirical impersonators.
2008: Historic Primary and Caucus Run
In 2008, Clinton made history by becoming the first woman to actively compete in the presidential primaries and caucuses of every state. Her groundbreaking candidacy shattered gender barriers in American politics and inspired countless women and girls across the nation.
2008: The 2008 Presidential Election
Throughout 2008, Clinton actively campaigned for the Democratic presidential nomination. She participated in numerous debates, rallies, and town hall meetings, engaging with voters across the country and outlining her vision for the future.
January 13, 2009: Confirmation Hearings Begin for Secretary of State
On January 13, 2009, Hillary Clinton's confirmation hearings before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee began for the position of Secretary of State. This was a significant step towards her becoming the first former first lady to be a member of the United States Cabinet.
January 21, 2009: Confirmed as Secretary of State
On January 21, 2009, Hillary Clinton was confirmed as the Secretary of State by a 94-2 vote in the Senate. This marked a historic moment as she became the first former first lady to hold a Cabinet position.
March 2009: Clinton Initiates "Reset Button" Policy with Russia
In a symbolic gesture aimed at improving U.S.-Russia relations, Hillary Clinton presented Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov with a "reset button" in March 2009. This marked the start of the "Russian reset" policy, intended to rebuild ties with Russia under President Dmitry Medvedev. This move aimed to foster greater cooperation between the two nations.
October 2009: Clinton Instrumental in Turkish-Armenian Accord
In October 2009, Hillary Clinton played a crucial role in securing a historic agreement between Turkey and Armenia. Her involvement helped overcome last-minute obstacles, paving the way for the signing of an accord that re-established diplomatic ties and opened the border between the two historically antagonistic nations.
2009: Appointment as Secretary of State
Hillary Clinton served as the 67th United States Secretary of State in the Barack Obama administration starting in 2009.
2009: Clinton Supports Troop Surge in Afghanistan
During an internal Obama administration debate in 2009 concerning the War in Afghanistan, Hillary Clinton supported the military's recommendation for a substantial increase in troop presence. She advocated for deploying 40,000 troops without a publicly announced withdrawal deadline. This highlights her stance on the conflict in Afghanistan.
2009: Bill Clinton Appointed UN Special Envoy to Haiti
In the aftermath of a series of severe tropical storms that caused significant damage to Haiti in 2009, Bill Clinton was appointed as the UN Special Envoy to the country. In this role, he initiated the "build back better" program to aid in Haiti's recovery and reconstruction.
January 2010: Clinton Delivers Landmark Speech on Internet Freedom
In January 2010, Hillary Clinton delivered a significant speech in which she drew a parallel between the Iron Curtain and the divide between the free and unfree internet. This marked the first instance of a high-ranking U.S. official explicitly positioning internet freedom as a core component of American foreign policy.
July 2010: Clinton Secures Investment for Haiti
Hillary Clinton, along with Cheryl Mills, successfully convinced SAE-A, a major apparel manufacturer, to invest in Haiti in July 2010. This was a notable accomplishment given the company's reservations about potential minimum wage hikes. The investment aligned with the "build back better" program spearheaded by Bill Clinton following the devastating tropical storms in 2009.
2010: Clinton Leads Effort to Impose Sanctions on Iran Over Nuclear Program
Hillary Clinton was at the forefront of international efforts in 2010 to impose diplomatic isolation and sanctions on Iran. This campaign aimed to pressure Iran into curbing its nuclear program, eventually culminating in the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, a multinational agreement reached in 2015.
2010: Clinton Advocates for Expanded Diplomatic Role and Issues First Quadrennial Diplomacy and Development Review
In 2010, during her tenure as Secretary of State, Hillary Clinton pushed for a greater role for the State Department in global economic matters. She emphasized the need for more U.S. diplomats abroad. A key part of her reforms was the launch of the Quadrennial Diplomacy and Development Review, which aimed to set clear goals for diplomatic missions, mirroring similar practices used by the Defense Department. This first review highlighted the importance of "civilian power" and making women's empowerment a global priority.
March 2011: Decision Against Seeking a Second Term
By March 2011, Hillary Clinton had decided against pursuing a second term as Secretary of State if President Obama were to be re-elected in 2012.
April 2011: Clinton Advocates for Raid Against Osama bin Laden
In April 2011, Hillary Clinton was a vocal proponent of the operation that led to the raid and killing of Osama bin Laden. Recognizing the risks involved, particularly to the U.S.-Pakistan relationship, she believed that the potential benefits of capturing or eliminating bin Laden outweighed the potential diplomatic fallout.
August 2011: Start of Advocacy for Syrian President's Resignation
In August 2011, amidst rising government violence in Syria, Hillary Clinton and the Obama administration called for Syrian President Bashar al-Assad to resign. They also advocated for non-lethal aid to Syrian rebel groups.
August 2011: Championing "Smart Power" in Foreign Policy
In August 2011, Hillary Clinton, then Secretary of State, highlighted the ongoing multinational intervention in Libya and the U.S. response to the Syrian Civil War as examples of "smart power." This approach combined military force with diplomacy and U.S. influence in global affairs.
December 2011: Clinton Champions Gay Rights at UN
In a significant speech at the United Nations Human Rights Council in December 2011, Hillary Clinton declared that "gay rights are human rights." This declaration underscored her commitment to advocating for LGBTQ+ rights and legal protections on a global scale.
2011: Support for NATO Intervention in Libya
Hillary Clinton supported the NATO-led military intervention in Libya in 2011, which aimed to remove Muammar Gaddafi from power.
2011: Clinton Navigates Arab Spring Uprisings
The Arab Spring protests, particularly the 2011 Egyptian uprising, presented a major foreign policy test for the Obama administration. Hillary Clinton's public stance evolved as the situation unfolded, moving from an initial assessment of the Hosni Mubarak government as "stable" to advocating for a peaceful transition to a democratic system, and finally to condemning violence against demonstrators. Notably, she played a key role in shaping the U.S. response during this tumultuous period, which involved navigating complex and sometimes conflicting positions in relation to different regimes and protest movements across the region.
2011: Advocacy for Military Intervention in Libya
In response to the Arab Spring, Hillary Clinton advocated for military intervention in Libya in 2011, a decision that would spark debate over its effectiveness.
2011: Appointment as Honorary Founding Chair at Georgetown University
Hillary Clinton was appointed the Honorary Founding Chair of the Institute for Women, Peace, and Security at Georgetown University in 2011, solidifying her legacy as a champion for women's rights and global security.
2011: Clinton Supports Military Intervention in Libya
During the Libyan Civil War in 2011, Hillary Clinton became a key advocate for military intervention, aligning herself with figures like U.S. Ambassador to the UN Susan Rice and National Security Council member Samantha Power. Her stance proved critical in overcoming internal resistance, particularly from those in the defense and security sectors, and ultimately helped pave the way for U.S. involvement in the conflict, securing backing from both Arab nations and the United Nations. However, the intervention's aftermath, with Libya descending into a failed state, ignited debates about the wisdom of the decision and the interpretation of its consequences.
September 11, 2012: Benghazi Attack and Political Fallout
On September 11, 2012, the U.S. diplomatic mission in Benghazi, Libya was attacked, resulting in the deaths of U.S. Ambassador J. Christopher Stevens and three other Americans. The attack and the subsequent explanations provided by the administration sparked significant political controversy in the U.S.
December 2012: Nomination of John Kerry as Successor
Following President Obama's re-election in 2012, Senator John Kerry was nominated in December 2012 to succeed Hillary Clinton as Secretary of State.
December 2012: Hospitalization for Blood Clot
Hillary Clinton was hospitalized in December 2012 due to a blood clot in her right transverse venous sinus. The clot, discovered during a follow-up examination for a concussion she sustained earlier from a fall, was treated with anticoagulants, leading to a full recovery.
2012: Benghazi Attack and Subsequent Investigations
The 2012 Benghazi attack led to the formation of a House Select Committee and multiple investigations into the incident and the Obama administration's response. Hillary Clinton, then Secretary of State, faced scrutiny and testified before the committee, but ultimately, no evidence of culpability was found.
2012: Proposal to Arm Syrian Rebels
During 2012, Clinton and CIA Director David Petraeus proposed arming and training Syrian rebels. The proposal faced rejection from the White House due to concerns about potential misuse of weapons by extremists.
2012: Benghazi Attack and Republican Criticism
Hillary Clinton faced harsh criticism from Republicans in 2012 following the Benghazi attack, which targeted a U.S. diplomatic compound in Libya.
2012: U.S.-Russia Relations Decline After Putin Returns to Presidency
Bilateral relations between the U.S. and Russia, which had seen some improvement under the "reset" initiative, deteriorated considerably in 2012. This decline coincided with Vladimir Putin's return to the Russian presidency, following Dmitry Medvedev's term.
2012: Stance on Syrian Civil War
Hillary Clinton advocated for arming Syrian rebels and removing Syrian President Bashar al-Assad in 2012.
January 23, 2013: Congressional Testimony on Benghazi Attack
Hillary Clinton testified before congressional committees on January 23, 2013, regarding the Benghazi attack. She defended her response to the incident while accepting formal responsibility, stating she had no direct involvement in security discussions preceding the attack.
February 1, 2013: Conclusion of Tenure as Secretary of State
Hillary Clinton concluded her term as Secretary of State on February 1, 2013. Analysts noted her focus on long-term goals over immediate diplomatic breakthroughs. However, her tenure also drew criticism for accepting donations from foreign governments to the Clinton Foundation.
2013: End of Term as Secretary of State
Hillary Clinton concluded her tenure as the United States Secretary of State in 2013.
2013: Public Support for Same-Sex Marriage
Hillary Clinton publicly declared her support for a nationwide right to same-sex marriage in 2013.
2013: Clinton Returns to Private Life and Joins Clinton Foundation
In 2013, after leaving the State Department, Hillary Clinton returned to private life and joined her husband and daughter as named members of the Bill, Hillary & Chelsea Clinton Foundation.
May 2014: Formation of the House Select Committee on Benghazi
The Republican-led House Select Committee on Benghazi was established in May 2014 to investigate the 2012 Benghazi attack. The committee's formation was criticized for being politically motivated, with some Republicans acknowledging an aim to negatively impact Hillary Clinton's poll numbers.
November 2014: House Intelligence Committee Clears Administration of Wrongdoing
In November 2014, the House Intelligence Committee released a report concluding that there was no wrongdoing on the part of the Obama administration in its response to the 2012 Benghazi attack.
2014: Clinton Publishes Second Memoir, "Hard Choices"
In 2014, Hillary Clinton published her second memoir, "Hard Choices," which focused on her time as secretary of state.
2014: Statements on Immigration
Hillary Clinton expressed support for a pathway to citizenship for undocumented immigrants in 2014 but stated that unaccompanied minors crossing the border should be returned.
2014: Support for Israel During Israel-Gaza Conflict
Hillary Clinton supported Israel's right to defend itself during the 2014 Israel-Gaza conflict.
2014: Reversal on Iraq War Stance
Hillary Clinton publicly stated her regret over voting for the Iraq War Resolution, admitting it was a "mistake," signaling a significant shift in her position on the conflict.
March 2015: Clinton's Earnings for Fifteen Months Ending in March 2015
For the fifteen months ending in March 2015, Clinton earned over $11 million from her speeches.
April 12, 2015: Hillary Clinton Announces Candidacy for 2016 Presidential Election
On April 12, 2015, Hillary Clinton formally announced her candidacy for the presidency in the 2016 election. Her campaign focused on economic issues such as raising middle class incomes, making college more affordable, and improving healthcare.
April 2015: Clinton Resigns from Clinton Foundation Board
In April 2015, when she began her presidential campaign, Hillary Clinton resigned from the board of the Clinton Foundation.
July 15, 2015: State Department and Intelligence Community Inspector Generals Release Statement on Clinton Email Review
On July 15, 2015, the inspector general of the State Department and the inspector general of the intelligence community released a joint statement regarding their review of Hillary Clinton's emails.
July 2015: Sales Figures for "Hard Choices" as of July 2015
As of July 2015, Clinton's second memoir, "Hard Choices," which focused on her time as secretary of state, had sold about 280,000 copies.
September 2015: Clinton's Favorability Ratings Decline Amidst 2016 Campaign and Email Controversy
By September 2015, as Clinton embarked on her 2016 presidential campaign, her once-high favorability ratings had declined. This decline coincided with ongoing controversy surrounding her use of a private email server during her tenure as Secretary of State.
October 22, 2015: Testimony before the House Select Committee on Benghazi
On October 22, 2015, Hillary Clinton provided testimony before the House Select Committee on Benghazi in an all-day session regarding the 2012 attack. Her calm demeanor during the hearing was widely perceived as favorable in the media.
2015: Political Ideology Assessments
Upon Hillary Clinton's return to politics in 2015, organizations like On the Issues and Crowdpac assessed her political ideology, categorizing her as "Left Liberal" and assigning a 6.5L rating on a left-right scale, respectively.
2015: Guest Appearance on "Saturday Night Live"
Hillary Clinton returned to "Saturday Night Live" in 2015 for another guest appearance, again engaging with her comedic counterparts.
2015: Continued Reflection on Iraq War Vote
Hillary Clinton reiterated her changed stance on the Iraq War, acknowledging that she "got it wrong," reflecting a willingness to re-evaluate past decisions.
2015: Role in the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action with Iran
Hillary Clinton played a key role in orchestrating diplomatic efforts to curtail Iran's nuclear program, culminating in the multinational Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action in 2015.
2015: Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action Agreed Upon
In 2015, the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, a multinational agreement aimed at addressing Iran's nuclear program, was reached. This followed years of diplomatic efforts, including sanctions, spearheaded in part by Hillary Clinton during her time as Secretary of State.
February 4, 2016: Clinton Addresses Email Controversy in Democratic Debate
During a Democratic debate with Bernie Sanders on February 4, 2016, Clinton addressed the controversy surrounding her use of a private email server while secretary of state.
February 2016: New York Times Reports on Retroactively Classified Emails
In February 2016, the New York Times reported that nearly 2,100 emails stored on Clinton's server were retroactively marked classified by the State Department.
March 2016: "I'm not a natural politician": Clinton's Candid Admission on the Campaign Trail
In March 2016, Hillary Clinton candidly acknowledged that she was "not a natural politician." This statement came amidst her 2016 presidential campaign, during which she faced criticism for her perceived lack of political instincts and connection with voters.
March 2016: Presentation of Economic Plan
Hillary Clinton unveiled her comprehensive economic plan in March 2016, emphasizing inclusive capitalism and proposing measures such as profit-sharing incentives, increased collective bargaining rights, and an "exit tax" on companies relocating headquarters overseas.
May 2016: State Department Inspector General Criticizes Clinton's Use of Private Email Server
In May 2016, the inspector general of the State Department criticized Clinton's use of a private email server while secretary of state.
June 5, 2016: Hillary Clinton Becomes Presumptive Democratic Nominee
On June 5, 2016, Hillary Clinton secured enough delegates to become the presumptive Democratic nominee for president. This was a historic moment as she became the first woman in U.S. history to achieve this.
June 2016: Release of Final Reports by the Benghazi Committee
In June 2016, the House Select Committee on Benghazi issued its final reports on the 2012 attack. The reports, with competing conclusions from Republicans and Democrats, ultimately failed to present evidence of wrongdoing by Hillary Clinton.
July 2, 2016: Clinton Maintains No Classified Information Sent or Received on Personal Server
On July 2, 2016, Clinton reiterated her stance on the email controversy, stating that she never sent or received any material marked classified on her personal email server.
July 5, 2016: FBI Concludes Investigation into Clinton's Email Practices
On July 5, 2016, the FBI concluded its investigation into Hillary Clinton's use of a private email server while she was secretary of state.
July 6, 2016: Justice Department Closes Investigation into Clinton's Email Use
On July 6, 2016, U.S. Attorney General Loretta Lynch confirmed that the probe into Clinton's use of private email servers would be closed without criminal charges.
July 26, 2016: Hillary Clinton Formally Nominated at Democratic National Convention
On July 26, 2016, Hillary Clinton was formally nominated as the Democratic presidential candidate at the Democratic National Convention in Philadelphia. This solidified her historic achievement as the first woman to lead a major party's ticket in a U.S. presidential election.
October 28, 2016: FBI Announces Review of Newly Discovered Clinton Emails
On October 28, 2016, two weeks before the presidential election, FBI director James Comey notified Congress that the FBI had begun looking into newly discovered Clinton emails.
November 8, 2016: Hillary Clinton Loses 2016 Presidential Election
Despite winning the popular vote, Hillary Clinton lost the 2016 presidential election to Donald Trump on November 8, 2016. She won the popular vote by a significant margin but fell short in the electoral college.
December 19, 2016: Electoral College Vote Confirms Trump's Victory
On December 19, 2016, the Electoral College formally cast their votes, confirming Donald Trump's victory and marking Hillary Clinton's defeat in the 2016 presidential election. Notably, Clinton lost five of her initial electoral votes due to faithless electors.
2016: Analysis of Hillary Clinton's Relationship with Organized Labor
In retrospect, analysts pointed to Hillary Clinton's limited success in advocating for more women in management at Wal-Mart and her silence on the company's anti-union practices as factors contributing to her loss of support from organized labor in the 2016 presidential election.
2016: Engagement with LGBT Community
Hillary Clinton made history in 2016 as the first major-party presidential candidate to contribute an op-ed to an LGBT publication, the Philadelphia Gay News.
2016: Second Presidential Run and Loss to Donald Trump
Hillary Clinton made her second bid for the presidency in 2016, securing the Democratic nomination but ultimately losing the general election to Republican candidate Donald Trump, despite winning the popular vote.
2016: Controversy over Use of Private Email Server
During her tenure as Secretary of State, Hillary Clinton's exclusive use of a private email server for official business became a point of contention during her 2016 presidential campaign. Critics, including officials and political opponents, argued that this violated State Department procedures and potentially federal recordkeeping laws.
2016: Hillary Clinton Works on Children's Book During Campaign
During her 2016 presidential election campaign, Hillary Clinton collaborated with illustrator Marla Frazee on a picture book adaptation of her 1996 book, "It Takes a Village." This project highlighted her commitment to children's literature alongside her political aspirations.
2016: Democratic Presidential Nomination and Popular Vote Win
In 2016, Hillary Clinton made history by becoming the first woman to win a presidential nomination by a major U.S. political party. She also won the popular vote in the general election but lost the Electoral College to Donald Trump.
March 17, 2017: Hillary Clinton Signals Return to Public Life
On March 17, 2017, during a speech in Scranton, Pennsylvania, Hillary Clinton hinted at her return to public life after her defeat in the 2016 presidential election. Her speech suggested a renewed focus on political activism.
May 2017: Hillary Clinton Launches Onward Together PAC
In May 2017, Hillary Clinton established Onward Together, a political action committee aimed at promoting progressive values and supporting candidates aligned with her vision.
September 2017: Release of "What Happened" and Children's Book Adaptation
September 2017 marked the release of Hillary Clinton's third memoir, "What Happened," providing her perspective on the 2016 election. Concurrently, a picture book adaptation of her 1996 book, "It Takes a Village," illustrated by Marla Frazee, was also published.
2017: Comments on Syria Intervention
In a 2017 interview, Hillary Clinton stated her preference for stronger action against Bashar al-Assad's regime in Syria, suggesting the targeting of airfields to prevent attacks on civilians.
March 2019: Hillary Clinton Confirms Decision Not to Seek Public Office Again
In March 2019, Hillary Clinton confirmed that she would not be running for any public office in the future, including the 2020 presidential election. This marked a significant decision in her career and a shift towards other endeavors.
September 2019: State Department Concludes Internal Review of Clinton Emails
In September 2019, The State Department finished its internal review of Hillary Clinton's email use while she was secretary of state.
2019: Publication of "The Book of Gutsy Women"
Hillary Clinton and her daughter, Chelsea, co-authored "The Book of Gutsy Women: Favorite Stories of Courage and Resilience," published in 2019. The book celebrated the accomplishments and resilience of women throughout history.
January 2, 2020: Appointment as Chancellor of Queen's University Belfast
Hillary Clinton was announced as the new Chancellor of Queen's University Belfast on January 2, 2020, becoming the first woman to hold this position.
March 2020: Release of Documentary "Hillary"
The documentary film "Hillary," directed by Nanette Burstein and featuring Hillary Clinton, was released on Hulu in March 2020.
April 28, 2020: Hillary Clinton Endorses Joe Biden for President
Hillary Clinton publicly endorsed Joe Biden, the former Vice President, for president in the 2020 election on April 28, 2020.
September 29, 2020: Launch of "You and Me Both" Podcast
On September 29, 2020, Hillary Clinton launched her interview podcast, "You and Me Both," in collaboration with iHeartRadio.
2020: Hillary Clinton Rules Out 2020 Presidential Run
Hillary Clinton reiterated her decision not to run for president in 2020, reinforcing her commitment to exploring other avenues beyond holding public office.
2020: Appointment as Chancellor of Queen's University Belfast
In 2020, Hillary Clinton assumed the role of Chancellor of Queen's University Belfast, further extending her influence in the realm of higher education.
October 2021: Release of "State of Terror"
In October 2021, Hillary Clinton, in collaboration with Louise Penny, released "State of Terror," her debut fiction novel. The book, a political mystery thriller, marked a new chapter in her writing career.
January 2023: Joins Columbia University
In January 2023, Hillary Clinton joined Columbia University as a professor of practice at the School of International and Public Affairs and as a presidential fellow at Columbia World Projects.
2023: Professor of Practice at Columbia University
Hillary Clinton joined the faculty of Columbia University in 2023 as a Professor of Practice at the School of International and Public Affairs, sharing her extensive experience in diplomacy and public service.
2023: Opposition to Ceasefire in Israel-Hamas War
Hillary Clinton opposed a ceasefire in the 2023 Israel-Hamas war, citing Hamas's breaking of a previous ceasefire on October 6.