Duke University is a private research university located in Durham, North Carolina. It was founded in 1838 by Methodists and Quakers in Trinity, later moving to Durham in 1892. The university was renamed in 1924 to honor Washington Duke, thanks to an endowment from his son, industrialist James Buchanan Duke. Duke is known for its strong academic programs and research contributions.
In 1900, Washington Duke made his third separate $100,000 contribution to Trinity College, with the stipulation that the college open its doors to women, placing them on an equal footing with men.
In 1903 Washington Duke wrote to the board of trustees withdrawing the provision, noting that it had been the only limitation he had ever put on a donation to the college.
By 1904, 54 women were enrolled in the college.
In 1910, William Preston Few was promoted as the new president of Trinity College. He sought to establish the university as a southern counterpart to Yale and Harvard.
In 1911, The Chanticleer, Duke University's undergraduate yearbook, was founded while the institution was still Trinity College.
In 1912, the first edition of The Chanticleer was published.
In 1918, The Chanticleer was not published because many students left for military service in World War I.
In 1919, the yearbook was titled The Victory to mark the war's end.
In the academic year 1922, William H. Lander and Mike Bradshaw of the Trinity Chronicle began referring to the athletic teams as the Blue Devils.
In 1924, James B. Duke established The Duke Endowment and insisted Trinity College be renamed Duke University in honor of his family's generosity.
In 1924, James Buchanan Duke established the Duke Endowment, and the institution changed its name to honor his deceased father, Washington Duke.
In 1924, Trinity College was renamed Duke University, concurrent with the establishment of The Duke Endowment.
In 1925, Duke University, overseen by Comptroller Frank Clyde Brown, purchased a local quarry in Hillsborough after identifying Duke stone as a suitable material for constructing the Collegiate Gothic buildings on campus.
In 1925, the original East Campus of Duke was rebuilt with Georgian-style buildings.
In 1927, the reconstruction of East Campus with Georgian-style buildings was completed.
In 1928, the construction of sections of Rubenstein Library was completed.
By 1930, the majority of Collegiate Gothic-style buildings on the campus one mile west were completed.
Construction of Duke Chapel, which stands at the center of West Campus on the highest ridge, began in 1930.
From 1930 to 1972, East Campus was the site of the Women's College.
In 1930, Duke University Hospital was established in Durham, North Carolina. It serves as the flagship teaching hospital for the Duke University Health System.
In 1930, the Woman's College was established as a coordinate to the men's undergraduate college, which had been established and named Trinity College in 1924.
In 1931, Duke Forest was established, consisting of 7,044 acres west of West Campus. It stands as the largest private research forest in North Carolina.
In 1934, the university president's official residence, the J. Deryl Hart House, was completed.
In 1935, construction on West Campus culminated with the completion of Duke Chapel.
In 1935, the construction of Duke Chapel, which seats 1,600 people and stands at 210 feet tall, was completed. The chapel stands at the center of West Campus on the highest ridge.
In 1938, Duke University established its presence in Beaufort, North Carolina, by erecting the first buildings for the Duke University Marine Laboratory on Pivers Island.
In 1938, under the guidance of coach Wallace Wade, the "Iron Dukes" achieved a remarkable feat by shutting out all regular season opponents. The team also made their inaugural Rose Bowl appearance that year, but faced a narrow defeat of 7–3 against USC when they scored a touchdown in the game's final minute.
In 1939, Duke's board of trustees established the Pratt School of Engineering.
In 1939, engineering became a separate school within Duke University.
In 1942, Duke hosted and competed in the first Rose Bowl ever played outside California in Wallace Wade Stadium.
In 1942, Duke's home stadium hosted the Rose Bowl due to concerns about large gatherings on the West Coast following the attack on Pearl Harbor. During this game, Wallace Wade's Blue Devils were defeated by Oregon State.
Edmund T. Pratt Jr., who would later donate $35 million to the school, graduated in 1947.
In 1948, Hudson Hall, the oldest engineering building at Duke, was constructed.
In 1948, a group of divinity school students petitioned the divinity school to desegregate – the first concerted effort to push for the desegregation of Duke's admission policy.
In 1948, the construction of sections of Rubenstein Library was completed.
In 1951, Air Force Reserve Officer Training Corps (AFROTC) Detachment 585 was established at Duke University. The detachment includes members from both Duke University and North Carolina Central University.
In 1953, Duke, coached by Bill Murray, won the first of six ACC football championships within the decade.
In 1962, Duke, coached by Bill Murray, won its sixth ACC football championship.
In 1963, the Board of Trustees officially desegregated the undergraduate college.
In November 1964, Martin Luther King Jr. spoke at Duke University on the progress of the Civil Rights Movement.
Since its founding in 1964, more than 30 Duke alumni and faculty have been elected to the prestigious National Academy of Engineering.
In 1966, Duke's teaching staff became integrated, ending its all-White composition.
In 1966, the Duke Lemur Center was founded within Duke Forest. It is the world's largest sanctuary for rare and endangered strepsirrhine primates, housing nearly 300 animals of 25 different species.
In 1969, Black students overtook the Allen Building at Duke University to protest racial issues and demand equal treatment and changes within the university's power structures. The students exited the building before the police could enter. The incident prompted a confrontation between law enforcement and supportive white students and faculty.
In 1969, Terry Sanford, former governor of North Carolina, was elected president of Duke University, leading to the opening of The Fuqua School of Business and the completion of the William R. Perkins library.
From 1930 to 1972, East Campus was the site of the Women's College.
On April 12, 1974, the Omega Psi Phi, Omega Zeta chapter, became the first historically African-American Greek letter organization at Duke University.
In 1976, Cable 13, Duke's student-run television station, was established.
In 1983, WXDU, the university's nationally recognized, noncommercial FM radio station, was licensed.
In 1986, Duke began a "bench-burning" tradition involving bonfires after certain basketball victories.
In 1986, Duke's men's soccer team won an NCAA team national championship.
In 1991, Duke's men's basketball team won an NCAA team national championship.
In 1992, Duke's men's basketball team won an NCAA team national championship.
In 1992, Hudson Hall was renamed to honor Fitzgerald S. "Jerry" Hudson.
In 1992, Novelist and playwright Ariel Dorfman won the Laurence Olivier Award.
1993 marks the inception of the National Association of Collegiate Directors of Athletics (NACDA) Directors' Cup, which is an overall measure of an institution's athletic success.
In 1994, Wayne Manor's Malt Liquor Thursdays (M.L.T.) tradition started and has continued since.
In 1994, William Raspberry, a syndicated columnist for The Washington Post, won the Pulitzer Prize.
The year 1994 marked the last time Duke football team had a bowl game appearance until 2012.
Since the 1995–96 academic year, all freshmen—and only freshmen, except for upperclassmen serving as Resident Assistants—have lived on East Campus, an effort to build class unity.
In 1999, Duke's women's golf team won an NCAA team national championship.
In 1999, the school was named following a $35 million gift by Edmund T. Pratt Jr., a 1947 graduate and former chief executive of Pfizer.
In 2000, Trinity's curriculum operated under the revised version of "Curriculum 2000", aiming to develop critical faculties and effective knowledge communication in students.
In February 2001, Duke University initiated a five-year strategic plan named "Building on Excellence," allocating $835 million for 34 major construction projects.
From 2001 to 2011, Duke consistently ranked among the top private universities for the number of Fulbright, Rhodes, Truman, and Goldwater scholarships awarded to its students.
In 2001, Duke's men's basketball team won an NCAA team national championship.
In 2001, Time magazine named Stanley Hauerwas, one of the divinity school's leading theologians, "America's Best Theologian".
In 2002, Duke's women's golf team won an NCAA team national championship.
In 2002, an after-school program for at-risk students in Durham was started with a $2.25 million grant from the Kellogg Foundation.
Since 2002, completed projects under Duke's "Building on Excellence" plan included additions to the business, law, nursing, and divinity schools, along with a new library, the Nasher Museum of Art, and several other facilities.
In 2003, Norm Ogilvie was promoted to Director of Track and Field, leading athletes to over 60 individual ACC championships and 81 All-America selections.
In August 2004, the Fitzpatrick Center for Interdisciplinary Engineering, Medicine and Applied Sciences (FCIEMAS) opened, focusing on interdisciplinary research in photonics, bioengineering, communications, materials science, and materials engineering.
In November 2005, Duke University completed its five-year "Building on Excellence" strategic plan, which involved spending $835 million on 34 major construction projects.
In 2005, Duke's women's golf team won an NCAA team national championship.
In 2005, The Chronicle won Best in Show in the tabloid division at the Associated Collegiate Press National College Media Convention.
In 2005, the Nasher Museum of Art, designed by Rafael Viñoly and named for Duke alumnus and art collector Raymond Nasher, opened with over 13,000 works of art.
In March 2006, Duke University purchased 15 houses in the Trinity Park area, traditionally rented by students, and subsequently sold them to individual families to encourage renovations and reduce off-campus partying in residential neighborhoods.
In May 2006 Duke researchers mapped the final human chromosome, which made world news as it marked the completion of the Human Genome Project.
In June 2006, reports surfaced of Duke researchers' involvement in new AIDS vaccine research.
In 2006, Duke's women's golf team won an NCAA team national championship.
In 2006, three members of the Duke men's lacrosse team were falsely accused of rape, which garnered significant media attention.
Since 2006, Coach K has coached the USA men's national basketball team.
On April 11, 2007, North Carolina Attorney General Roy Cooper dropped all charges against the three Duke lacrosse players and declared them innocent, stating they were victims of a "tragic rush to accuse." The District Attorney, Mike Nifong, was subsequently disbarred.
In 2007, Duke's women's golf team won an NCAA team national championship.
In 2007, DukeEngage was launched, providing full funding for select Duke undergraduates to pursue an immersive summer of service in partnership with a U.S. or international community.
For the 2008–09 fiscal year, Duke tied for third in alumni giving rate among U.S. colleges and universities.
In 2008, Coach K led the USA men's national basketball team to an Olympic gold medal.
In 2008, David Cutcliffe was hired before the season, and the team amassed more wins in his first season than the previous three years combined.
In 2009, Duke's women's tennis team won an NCAA team national championship.
In 2009, Mike MacIntyre, the defensive coordinator, was named 2009 Assistant Coach of the Year by the American Football Coaches Association (AFCA). The team won 5 of 12 games but was eliminated from bowl contention.
In 2010, Coach K won World Championship gold with the USA men's national basketball team.
In 2010, Duke's men's basketball and men's lacrosse teams each won an NCAA team national championship.
In 2010, the Duke men's basketball team won an NCAA championship.
The 2010 report by the Center for Measuring University Performance puts Duke at sixth in the nation.
Based on statistics compiled by PayScale in 2011, Duke alumni ranked seventh in mid-career median salary among all U.S. colleges and universities.
From 2001 to 2011, Duke consistently ranked among the top private universities for the number of Fulbright, Rhodes, Truman, and Goldwater scholarships awarded to its students.
In 2011, Travel+Leisure listed Duke among the most beautiful college campuses in the United States.
Forbes magazine ranked Duke seventh in the world on its list of 'power factories' in 2012.
In 2012, Coach K led the USA men's national basketball team to an Olympic gold medal.
In 2012, Robert Lefkowitz, along with Brian Kobilka, shared the Nobel Prize in chemistry for their work on cell surface receptors.
In 2012, the Duke University mock trial team won the national championship.
In 2012, the Duke football team made its first bowl game appearance since 1994 after winning against North Carolina, although they lost to the Cincinnati Bearcats with a score of 48–34.
In early 2012, the Duke Cancer Center opened next to Duke Hospital in Durham, consolidating nearly all of Duke's outpatient clinical care services into one patient care facility.
2013 marked the beginning of the Blue Devils' recent success, with a 10–2, 6–2 (ACC) season where they claimed the title of Coastal Division Champions. Duke lost to the Florida State Seminoles in the ACC Championship game 45–7 and also lost to the Texas A&M Aggies in the Chick-fil-a Peach Bowl with a score of 52–48.
As of 2013, the median family income of Duke students is $186,700, with 56% of students coming from the top 10% highest-earning families and 17% from the bottom 60%.
As of summer 2013, more than 2,400 Duke students had volunteered through DukeEngage in 75 nations on six continents.
In 2013, Duke University undertook construction projects including renovations to Gross Hall and Baldwin Auditorium, and new construction of the Events Pavilion.
In 2013, Duke's men's lacrosse team won an NCAA team national championship.
In 2013, the Duke researcher involved in the scientific research misconduct was arrested on charges of embezzling funds from the university.
Kiplinger's 50 Best Values in Private Universities 2013–14 ranks Duke at fifth best overall after taking financial aid into consideration.
In April 2014, Duke University's School of Nursing opened a new 45,000 sq ft addition to the Christine Siegler Pearson Building, enhancing its facilities.
In May 2014, the newly constructed Orrin H. Pilkey Marine Research Laboratory at Duke University Marine Laboratory was dedicated, enhancing the university's marine research capabilities.
Duke University Pratt School of Engineering celebrated its 75th anniversary in 2014–2015.
In 2014, BusinessWeek ranked its full-time MBA program first in the nation.
In 2014, Coach K won World Championship gold with the USA men's national basketball team.
In 2014, Duke removed the name of Charles B. Aycock, a white-supremacist governor of North Carolina, from an undergraduate dormitory which is now known as the East Residence Hall.
In 2014, Duke's women's golf team won an NCAA team national championship.
In August 2015, the David M. Rubenstein Rare Book and Manuscript Library reopened after approximately $60 million in renovations. These upgrades include additional space, updated technology, and new exhibits.
Duke University Pratt School of Engineering celebrated its 75th anniversary in 2014–2015.
In 2015, Duke's men's basketball team won an NCAA team national championship.
In 2015, Laken Tomlinson, an offensive guard from Duke, was drafted by the Detroit Lions, and Jamison Crowder, a wide receiver, was drafted by the Washington Redskins.
In 2015, Paul Modrich shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the discovery of mechanism of DNA repairs.
In 2015, the new Morris Williams Track and Field Stadium was opened.
In April 2016, nine Duke varsity athletics programs registered a perfect 1,000 score in the NCAA's multi-year Academic Progress Report (APR).
In December 2016, Duke University expanded its housing options by purchasing an apartment complex known as 300 Swift. This complex houses upperclassmen and is located between East and West Campus.
In 2016, Coach K led the USA men's national basketball team to an Olympic gold medal.
In 2016, The Washington Post ranked Duke seventh overall based on the accumulated weighted average of the rankings from multiple sources.
In a 2016 study by Forbes, Duke ranked 11th among universities in the United States that have produced billionaires and first among universities in the South. In 2016, Forbes ranked Duke sixth on its list of "Expensive Schools Worth Every Penny".
In spring 2016, major renovations to Duke's West Campus Union were expected to be completed. The Events Pavilion served as temporary dining space during the renovations.
By August 2017, the Duke Forward fundraising campaign raised $3.85 billion.
On August 19, 2017, the statue of Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee was removed from the entrance to Duke University Chapel after being vandalized by protesters following the violent clashes at the Unite the Right rally in Charlottesville, Virginia.
Epworth, the oldest residence hall, built in 1892 as "the Inn", has not been used as a student dorm since the 2017–2018 school year.
In July 2018, Duke engineering students achieved a Guinness World Record for inventing the world's most fuel-efficient vehicle, powered by a fuel cell, achieving 14,573 miles per gallon equivalent.
Epworth, the oldest residence hall, built in 1892 as "the Inn", has not been used as a student dorm since the 2017–2018 school year.
In 2018, Duke University ended the housing of undergraduates on Central Campus, which had housed around 1,000 sophomores, juniors, and seniors, following the 2018-2019 school year. The respective buildings were subsequently demolished.
Following the 2018-2019 academic year, the undergraduate housing on Duke University's Central Campus, which accommodated approximately 1,000 sophomores, juniors, and seniors, was discontinued, and the buildings were demolished in 2019.
In 2019, Duke Engineering students earned a second Guinness World Record for the world's most efficient all-electric vehicle, achieving 797 miles per kilowatt-hour.
In 2019, Duke paid $112.5 million to settle False Claims Act allegations related to scientific research misconduct.
In 2019, Duke quarterback Daniel Jones was drafted sixth overall by the New York Giants.
In 2019, Duke spent more than $1.2 billion on research, and its endowment was $11.9 billion, making it the twelfth-wealthiest private academic institution in the United States.
In 2019, Duke's women's golf team won an NCAA team national championship.
In 2019, the Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU) ranked Duke 28th best globally.
In the 2019–20 academic year, the average need-based grant for Duke students was $54,255, supporting financial aid for approximately 50% of the student body.
Until 2019, Central Campus provided housing for over 1,000 students in apartment buildings.
In August 2020, the first undergraduates from Duke Kunshan University arrived for their study abroad program on Duke's campus. Due to COVID-19, Chinese Duke undergraduate and graduate students unable to travel to the United States were reciprocally hosted at Duke Kunshan campus.
Among business schools in the United States, the Fuqua School of Business is ranked tied for tenth overall by U.S. News & World Report for 2020. The graduate programs of Duke's Pratt School of Engineering ranked 24th in the U.S. by U.S. News & World Report in its 2020 rankings.
As of early 2020, Duke has produced prominent alumni including fourteen living billionaires, foreign royalties, college presidents, U.S. diplomats, members of the United States Congress, U.S. governors, twenty-five U.S. cabinet members, one president of Chile, and one president of the United States.
Center for World University Rankings (CWUR) ranked Duke 20th globally in its 2020–21 report.
During the 2020-21 academic year, Duke University began implementing a test-optional policy for admissions.
In 2020, a study by the Chronicle of Higher Education recognized Duke University as the most generous institution for financially needy students.
As of fall 2021, Duke's student body consisted of 6,789 undergraduates and 9,991 graduate and professional students.
In 2021, Duke ranked 34th in the world and 12th in the country on Times Higher Education's global employability ranking.
In 2021, Duke was ranked fifth in the Wall Street Journal/Times Higher Education College Rankings and second for student outcomes, tied with Harvard, M.I.T., and Stanford.
In 2021, Jon Scheyer was announced as the next head coach for the Duke team, succeeding Coach K upon his retirement at the conclusion of the 2021-22 season.
In 2021, the second Rose Bowl game ever played outside California was played in Arlington, Texas, after Duke hosted the first one in 1942. The 2021 game was moved as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.
In early 2021, the Wilkinson Building, a 150,000-square-foot building, opened for classes with new spaces for education and research related to interdisciplinary themes. The building's name recognizes lifetime philanthropic contributions of Duke Engineering alumnus Jerry C. Wilkinson and family.
In fiscal year 2021, Duke received $608 million in funding from the National Institutes of Health, ranking third in the nation.
In February 2022, Duke SSI was officially recognized as a student organization after the student government reconsidered the group's application.
As of 2022, Duke graduates have received 20 Churchill Scholarships to the University of Cambridge.
In 2022, a survey by The Chronicle revealed that approximately 22% of first-year students at Duke were children or siblings of Duke alumni, while President Vincent Price expressed concerns about banning legacy admissions.
In 2022, the National Science Foundation ranked Duke 9th among American universities for research and development expenditures, totaling $1.39 billion.
In 2023, Duke's School of Medicine received over 7,000 applications and accepted approximately 2.9% of them, with enrolled students having an average GPA of 3.92 and an average MCAT score of 520.
In 2023, The New York Times described Duke as the least economically diverse top-ranked college in the U.S.
The yield rate for the Class of 2023 was 54%, indicating the percentage of accepted students who chose to attend Duke.
As of June 30, 2024, the market value of Duke's endowment was $11.9 billion.
On December 11, 2024, Crystal Mangum admitted, during a podcast interview, that she "made up a story that wasn't true" about the white lacrosse players who attended a party where she was hired to be a stripper.
In December 2024, Crystal Mangum admitted, during a podcast interview, that she "made up a story that wasn't true" about the white lacrosse players who attended a party where she was hired to be a stripper.
The Class of 2024 had a median ACT range of 34–35 and an SAT range of 1500–1570, reflecting the 25th–75th percentile of accepted students.
QS World University Rankings ranked Duke 61st in the world for its 2025 rankings.
For the Class of 2026, Duke's School of Law accepted around 10.5% of applicants, and the enrolled students presented a median GPA of 3.87 and a median LSAT score of 170 in 2023.
Duke received nearly 55,000 applications for the Class of 2028, with an overall acceptance rate of 5.1%.
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