Huawei is a Chinese multinational technology corporation headquartered in Shenzhen. Founded in 1987 by Ren Zhengfei, a former PLA officer, Huawei develops and sells telecommunications equipment, consumer electronics, electric vehicle autonomous driving systems, and rooftop solar power products. It has grown to become a global leader in the telecommunications sector and a major player in the consumer electronics market.
In 1987, Huawei was established as a collectively-owned enterprise, an intermediary corporate ownership status between state-owned enterprises and private businesses.
In 1987, Huawei was founded in Shenzhen, Guangdong by Ren Zhengfei, a former officer of the People's Liberation Army (PLA).
By 1990, Huawei had approximately 600 employees in research and development (R&D) and began its own independent commercialization of PBX switches targeting hotels and small enterprises.
In 1992, Huawei focused on low-income and difficult-to-access market niches to grow despite competition from Alcatel, Lucent, and Nortel Networks.
In 1992, the Chinese government began issuing licenses for private businesses.
In 1993, Huawei launched its C&C08 program-controlled telephone switch, the most powerful switch available in China at the time. It gained market share by deploying in small cities and rural areas, emphasizing service and customizability.
In 1994, Huawei won a key contract to build the first national telecommunications network for the People's Liberation Army. Also in 1994, Ren Zhengfei met with Jiang Zemin, emphasizing the importance of domestic switching equipment technology for national security.
In 1996, Huawei started with a manufacturing resource planning (MRP) solution.
In 1996, the government in Beijing adopted a policy of supporting domestic telecommunications manufacturers and restricting access to foreign competitors. Huawei was promoted as a national champion and established new research and development offices.
In 1997, Huawei won a contract to provide fixed-line network products to Hong Kong company Hutchison Whampoa. Later that year, Huawei launched wireless GSM-based products.
In 1997, the only mechanism for concentrating employee ownership under Shenzen's 1997 Provisions on State-owned Company Employee Stock Option Plans being to do so via Huawei's trade union.
Beginning in the late 1990s, Huawei built communications networks throughout sub-Saharan Africa and the Middle East, with its first entrance into the African telecommunications market in 1998.
By 1998, Huawei had signed agreements with municipal and provincial telephone bureaus to create joint ventures such as Shanghai Huawei, Chengdu Huawei and Shenyang Huawei, which were used to funnel money to local telecommunications employees in exchange for deals to sell them equipment.
Huawei has been a major player in African technology markets and investment since their commencement of operations in Kenya in 1998. Today, Africa is one of Huawei's largest overseas markets.
In 1999, Huawei opened a research and development (R&D) centre in Bengaluru, India to develop a wide range of telecom software.
In 2000, 3Com abandoned the high-end core routers and switch market, to focus on other businesses, but the partnership with Huawei allowed its re-entrance into this market.
In February 2003, Cisco Systems sued Huawei Technologies for allegedly infringing on its patents and illegally copying source code used in its routers and switches.
In May 2003, Huawei partnered with 3Com on a joint venture known as H3C, which was focused on enterprise networking equipment.
In July 2003, Huawei established their handset department, marking a significant step into the mobile phone industry.
By July 2004, Huawei removed the contested code, manuals and command-line interfaces and settled the patent infringement case with Cisco out of court, admitting to copying some of Cisco's router software.
Between 2004 and 2009, China Development Bank provided a credit line totaling US$30 billion to Huawei customers.
In 2004, Huawei shipped their first phone, the C300, marking their entry into the mobile phone market.
In 2004, Huawei signed a $10 billion credit line with China Development Bank to provide low-cost financing to customers buying its telecommunications equipment.
In 2004, Nortel was compromised by Chinese hackers who accessed executive credentials remotely and took over entire computers. While Huawei was not believed to be directly involved, it was thought to be a beneficiary of the hack.
In 2004, at the Supercomm tech conference in Chicago, a Huawei employee allegedly opened up the networking equipment of other companies to photograph the circuit boards.
In June 2005, Huawei launched its first 3G phone, the U626, marking a significant step in mobile technology.
In 2005, Huawei's foreign contract orders exceeded its domestic sales for the first time. Huawei also signed a global framework agreement with Vodafone, becoming an Approved Supplier for Vodafone Global Supply Chain.
In 2006, 3Com bought out Huawei's share of the H3C joint venture for US$882 million.
In 2006, Huawei launched the first Vodafone-branded 3G handset, the V710.
In 2007, Huawei began a joint venture with US security software vendor Symantec Corporation, known as Huawei Symantec, which aimed to provide end-to-end solutions for network data storage and security.
In May 2008, Australian carrier Optus announced that it would establish a technology research facility with Huawei in Sydney.
In October 2008, Huawei reached an agreement to contribute to a new GSM-based HSPA+ network being deployed jointly by Canadian carriers Bell Mobility and Telus Mobility, joined by Nokia Siemens Networks.
Between 2004 and 2009, China Development Bank provided a credit line totaling US$30 billion to Huawei customers.
In 2009, Huawei Marine Networks delivered the HANNIBAL submarine communications cable system for Tunisie Telecom across the Mediterranean Sea to Italy.
In 2009, Huawei delivered one of the world's first LTE/EPC commercial networks for TeliaSonera in Oslo, Norway. Telenor selected Ericsson instead due to security concerns with Huawei.
In 2009, Huawei's credit line with China Development Bank was tripled to $30 billion.
In 2009, the National Security Agency (NSA) infiltrated Huawei's computer network, as reported in 2014, obtaining customer lists and internal documents.
In 2019, United States officials disclosed that Huawei has had the ability to covertly exploit backdoors intended for law enforcement officials since 2009, as these backdoors are found on carrier equipment like antennas and routers.
Since 2009, as claimed in February 2020 by US government officials, Huawei has allegedly possessed the capability to covertly exploit backdoors meant for law enforcement in carrier equipment such as antennas and routers.
In July 2010, Huawei was included in the Global Fortune 500 list for the first time, with annual sales of US$21.8 billion and net profit of US$2.67 billion.
As of the beginning of 2010, approximately 80% of the world's top 50 telecoms companies had worked with Huawei.
In 2010, Huawei disclosed its list of board of directors for the first time. Liang Hua is the current chair of the board.
In 2010, the European Commission launched an investigation into China's subsidies that distorted global markets and harmed European vendors, and Huawei offered the initial complainant US$56 million to withdraw the complaint.
In 2010, the Huawei Cyber Security Evaluation Centre (HCSEC) was set up to assuage security fears as it examined Huawei hardware and software for the UK market. It was staffed largely by employees from Huawei but with regular oversight from GCHQ.
In 2011, Huawei entered the photovoltaic (PV) market and opened an Energy Center of Competence in Nuremberg, Germany.
In 2011, Vodafone disclosed that its Italian fixed line network contained a security vulnerability in its Huawei-installed software. Huawei fixed the vulnerability at Vodafone's request.
In 2011, a report by the Open Source Enterprise revealed "suspicions over potential close links between Huawei and the Chinese Government," citing the prior employment of former chairwoman Sun Yafang by the Ministry of State Security (MSS)'s Communications Department.
In January 2012, Australian intelligence detected a backdoor in the country's telecom network, reportedly caused by a Huawei software update carrying malicious code. The exploit, shared with the United States, allegedly transmitted data to China before self-deletion, implying Huawei technicians pushed the update for Chinese spy agencies.
In September 2012, Huawei launched their first 4G ready phone, the Ascend P1 LTE.
In October 2012, it was announced that Huawei would move its UK headquarters to Green Park, Reading, Berkshire.
In 2012, Australian and US intelligence agencies concluded that a hack on Australia's telecom networks was conducted by or through Huawei, though this was disputed by the two network operators.
In 2012, Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd. was recognized as the world's largest telecom equipment maker and China's largest telephone-network equipment maker.
In 2012, Huawei bought out Symantec's share in the Huawei Symantec venture. Symantec feared the partnership "would prevent it from obtaining United States government classified information about cyber threats".
In 2012, Huawei surpassed Ericsson to become the world's largest telecommunications equipment manufacturer.
In 2012, a White House-ordered security review found no evidence that Huawei spied for China, stating instead that security vulnerabilities on its products posed a greater threat to its users.
In June 2013, Huawei launched the Ascend P6, further expanding its smartphone lineup.
In December 2013, Huawei introduced Honor as a subsidiary independent brand in China.
In 2013, Taiwan blocked mobile network operators and government departments from using Huawei equipment, signaling early concerns about security.
In May 2014, Huawei launched the Ascend P7 smartphone.
China's 2014 Counter Espionage Law can compel Huawei and other companies to cooperate with state intelligence.
Experts pointed out that under General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party Xi Jinping's "intensifying authoritarianism" since the National People's Congress promulgated a new Counter-Espionage Law in 2014, compels Chinese businesses to work with Chinese intelligence and security agencies whenever they are requested to do so.
In 2014, Der Spiegel and The New York Times reported that the NSA infiltrated Huawei's computer network in 2009, obtaining customer lists, training documents, and accessing the company's central email archive.
In 2014, the National Security Agency penetrated Huawei's corporate networks in China to search for links between the company and the People's Liberation Army, monitoring accounts of employees and founder Ren Zhengfei.
With 3,442 patents, Huawei became the world's No. 1 applicant for international patents in 2014.
In January 2015, Huawei discontinued the "Ascend" brand for its flagship phones and launched the new P series with the Huawei P8.
In September 2015, Huawei partnered with Google to build the Nexus 6P.
On 2 September 2015, Huawei released the Huawei Watch, an Android Wear-based smartwatch, at Internationale Funkausstellung Berlin. It was the first smartwatch produced by Huawei.
In 2015, Huawei Culture Club was listed as an official sponsor for Ultra Music Festival 2015, one of the largest electronic festivals in Africa.
In September 2016, Huawei integrated new manufacturing capabilities into its Eindhoven hub in the Netherlands, with a production capacity of 7,000 inverter units per month.
In 2016, German camera company Leica established a partnership with Huawei. Leica cameras were co-engineered into Huawei smartphones, including the P and Mate Series. The first smartphone to be co-engineered with a Leica camera was the Huawei P9.
In 2016, Huawei entered the laptop market with the release of its Huawei MateBook series of laptops.
Since 2016, Huawei has expanded its operations in Ireland with headquarters in Dublin and facilities in Cork and County Westmeath.
From January 2012 to January 2017, inside the African Union headquarters, data transfers on its servers peaked after hours, with the AU's internal data sent to unknown servers hosted in Shanghai.
In April 2017, Huawei entered the residential solar market with the launch of its string solar inverters and DC power optimizers, and later also solar batteries.
In September 2017, Huawei created a Narrowband IoT city-aware network using a "one network, one platform, N applications" construction model utilizing IoT, cloud computing, big data, and other next-generation information and communications technology.
Article 7 of the 2017 PRC national intelligence-gathering activities law, explicitly stipulated that "All Chinese citizens and organisations are obliged to cooperate upon request with PRC intelligence operations—and also maintain the secrecy of such operations".
China's 2017 National Intelligence Law can compel Huawei and other companies to cooperate with state intelligence.
Experts pointed out that under General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party Xi Jinping's "intensifying authoritarianism" since the National People's Congress promulgated a new national intelligence law in 2017, compel Chinese businesses to work with Chinese intelligence and security agencies whenever they are requested to do so.
In 2017, Huawei launched RuralStar to provide rural areas with access to technology and network connectivity. The systems work through solar-powered small cell base stations that connect to a central network via wireless backhaul.
In 2017, a jury found that Huawei had misappropriated trade secrets of T-Mobile US but awarded damages only for a breach of supplier contract and did not compensate T-Mobile for claims of espionage.
In January 2018, the United States alleged that Huawei violated sanctions against Iran and was subsequently restricted from doing business with American companies. The US government also requested the extradition of Huawei's chief financial officer from Canada.
In May 2018, Huawei announced that they will no longer allow unlocking the bootloader of their phones, restricting third-party system software or security updates.
In August 2018, the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 (NDAA 2019) was signed into law, containing a provision that banned Huawei and ZTE equipment from being used by the US federal government, citing security concerns.
In October 2018, Huawei and HENGTONG Group announced the start of production for the Pakistan and East Africa Connecting Europe (PEACE) cable project.
In November 2018, New Zealand blocked Huawei from supplying mobile equipment to Spark New Zealand's 5G network, citing a "significant network security risk" and concerns about China's National Intelligence Law.
On December 1, 2018, Meng Wanzhou, Huawei's board deputy chairperson, was detained in Vancouver upon arrival at Vancouver International Airport due to a U.S. extradition request.
Between December 2018 and January 2019, German and British intelligence agencies initially pushed back against the US' allegations, stating that after examining Huawei's 5G hardware and accompanying source code, they have found no evidence of malevolence and that a ban would therefore be unwarranted.
After the US sanctions regime started in summer 2018, Huawei started working on its own in-house operating system codenamed "HongMeng OS".
By 2018, Huawei had achieved a significant milestone, selling 200 million smartphones.
Huawei began massively stockpiling from 2018, when Meng Wanzhou, the daughter of Huawei's founder, was arrested in Canada upon US request. Key Huawei suppliers included Xilinx, Intel, AMD, Samsung, SK Hynix, Micron and Kioxia.
In 2018, Huawei Music boasted 32 million active daily users in China and launched an initiative to expand usership in Africa, focusing on South Africa. The South Africa release featured a limited library, with 80% South African music.
In 2018, Huawei was charged with using racketeering to grow its business, stealing trade secrets from U.S. companies, and committing bank fraud related to Iran, as part of a federal indictment.
In 2018, Japan banned Huawei from receiving government contracts due to national security concerns.
In 2018, a German court ruled against Huawei and ZTE in favor of MPEG LA, which holds patents related to Advanced Video Coding.
In 2018, the United States passed a defense funding bill that barred the federal government from doing business with Huawei, ZTE, and several Chinese vendors of surveillance products, due to security concerns.
Between December 2018 and January 2019, German and British intelligence agencies initially pushed back against the US' allegations, stating that after examining Huawei's 5G hardware and accompanying source code, they have found no evidence of malevolence and that a ban would therefore be unwarranted.
On January 28, 2019, the United States Department of Justice formally announced financial fraud charges against Meng Wanzhou.
In March 2019, Huawei filed a lawsuit over the NDAA 2019, alleging it to be unconstitutional because it specifically targeted Huawei without granting it a chance to provide a rebuttal or due process.
In March 2019, Huawei filed three defamation claims over comments suggesting ties to the Chinese government made on television by a French researcher, a broadcast journalist and a telecommunications sector expert.
In April 2019, Huawei established the Huawei Malaysia Global Training Centre (MGTC) at Cyberjaya, Malaysia.
In May 2019, Huawei was placed on the United States Entity List, barring American software technology companies from supplying ERP systems. This prompted Huawei to develop its in-house MetaERP system over the following three years.
In May 2019, a Huawei Mediapad M5 belonging to a Canadian IT engineer living in Taiwan was found to be sending data to servers in China despite never being authorized to do so.
In May 2019, a partial ban was placed on Huawei that did not affect most non-American produced chips, and the Trump administration granted a series of extensions on the ban, with another 90-day reprieve issued in May 2020.
In May 2019, the Department of Commerce added Huawei and 70 foreign subsidiaries to its Entity List, restricting US companies from doing business with Huawei without a government license due to concerns over exports to Iran.
In June 2019, Huawei cut jobs at its Santa Clara research center, with plans to move the center to Canada later that year.
On June 29, 2019, at the G20 summit, the US President made statements implicating plans to ease the restrictions on US companies doing business with Huawei.
In August 2019, Huawei collaborated with eyewear company Gentle Monster and released smartglasses.
In August 2019, Huawei hired the law firm Sidley Austin to lobby in the US following restrictions imposed by the Trump administration, focusing on export controls, trade, sanctions, and national security-related topics.
On 9 August 2019, Huawei officially unveiled Harmony OS at its inaugural HDC developers' conference in Dongguan with the ARK compiler which can be used to port Android APK packages to the OS.
In September 2019, Huawei began offering the Linux distribution Deepin as a pre-loaded operating system on selected Matebook models in China, expanding its operating system options.
In November 2019, Huawei filed defamation lawsuits in France against a researcher, a TV presenter, and a production company for statements that Huawei was controlled by the Chinese state and by the CCP.
In November 2019, Huawei launched the MatePad Pro. As of Q4 2019, Huawei is number one in the Chinese tablet market and number two globally.
In November 2019, Huawei partners with Devialet and unveiled a new specifically designed speaker, the Sound X.
In November 2019, the Chinese ambassador to Denmark linked Huawei's 5G expansion with Chinese trade in meetings with Faroese politicians, threatening to drop a planned trade deal if Føroya Tele did not let Huawei build the national 5G network.
In December 2019, Huawei unveiled HMS version 4.0, its solution to Google Mobile Services (GMS) for Android.
As of 2019, the members of the Huawei board are Liang Hua, Guo Ping, Xu Zhijun, Hu Houkun, Meng Wanzhou (CFO and deputy chairwoman), Ding Yun, Yu Chengdong, Wang Tao, Xu Wenwei, Shen-Han Chiu, Chen Lifang, Peng Zhongyang, He Tingbo, Li Yingtao, Ren Zhengfei, Yao Fuhai, Tao Jingwen, and Yan Lida.
In 2019, Huawei had the second most patents granted by the European Patent Office.
In 2019, Huawei reported a substantial revenue of US$122 billion.
In 2019, Huawei spent $23.45 billion on stockpiling of chips and other supplies, which was up 73% from 2018, to prepare for potential supply chain disruptions.
In 2019, Huawei's chief legal officer, Dr. Song Liuping, asserted that Huawei is a private company in response to US government actions, shifting from its prior classification as a "collective" entity.
In 2019, Ren Zhengfei publicly stated that Huawei does not participate in espionage, does not allow employees to do so, and does not install backdoors, even if required by Chinese law. Chinese Premier Li Keqiang stated that the Chinese government does not ask Chinese companies to spy on other countries. Huawei cited an independent legal opinion by Zhong Lun Law Firm stating that the National Intelligence Law doesn't apply to Huawei, though Wired cast doubt on the findings of Zhong Lun.
In 2019, Vietnam left Huawei out of bids to build the country's 5G network out of national security concerns, initially rejecting Huawei's involvement.
In 2019, a Henry Jackson Society analysis of 25,000 Huawei employee CVs found that some had worked or trained with China's Ministry of State Security and the People's Liberation Army (PLA). Also in 2019, academics Christopher Balding and Donald C. Clarke report on a person who held a position at Huawei and a military university through which they were employed by the Chinese People's Liberation Army.
In 2019, leaked documents raised questions about whether Huawei conducted business secretly with North Korea, which was under numerous US sanctions.
The United States Department of Commerce put Huawei on its entity list in 2019, "prohibiting it from working with American companies in almost all circumstances."
As of 16 January 2020, Huawei reported that 55,000 apps had signed up to use its HMS Core software.
On Monday, January 20, 2020, the first stage of the extradition hearing for Meng Wanzhou began.
In February 2020, US government officials claimed that Huawei has had the ability to covertly exploit backdoors intended for law enforcement officials in carrier equipment like antennas and routers since 2009.
In February 2020, the United States Department of Justice charged Huawei with racketeering and conspiring to steal trade secrets from six US firms.
In February 2020, the federal judge dismissed Huawei's lawsuit against the NDAA 2019, concluding that U.S. Congress acted within its powers by including the restriction in the NDAA 2019.
In May 2020, SMIC manufactured 14 nm chips for Huawei, marking the first time Huawei used a foundry other than TSMC for chip production.
In May 2020, the US extended the ban on Huawei to cover semiconductors customized for Huawei and made with US technology.
On May 15, 2020, the U.S. Department of Commerce extended its export restrictions to prevent Huawei from producing semiconductors derived from technology or software of US origin, even if the manufacturing is performed overseas.
On May 27, 2020, the Supreme Court of British Columbia ordered the extradition of Meng Wanzhou to proceed.
In June 2020, ANSSI informed French telecommunications companies that they would not be allowed to renew licenses for 5G equipment made from Huawei after 2028.
In June 2020, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) designated Huawei a national security threat, thereby barring it from any US subsidies.
In June 2020, when the UK considered reversing its decision to allow Huawei's participation in 5G, China threatened retaliation in other sectors by withholding investments in power generation and high-speed rail.
In July 2020, New Zealand announced that it would not join the United Kingdom and the United States in banning Huawei from the country's 5G network.
In July 2020, TSMC confirmed it would halt the shipment of silicon wafers to Huawei and its subsidiary HiSilicon by 14 September, impacting Huawei's supply chain.
In July 2020, the Federal Acquisition Regulation Council prohibited all federal government contractors from selling Huawei hardware to the federal government and prevented federal contractors from using Huawei hardware.
On 14 July 2020, the United Kingdom Government announced a ban on the use of company's 5G network equipment, citing security concerns.
In August 2020, the US extended the ban to a blanket ban on all semiconductor sales to Huawei.
On 28 August 2020, French President Emmanuel Macron assured the Chinese government that it did not ban Huawei products from participating in its fifth-generation mobile roll-out, but favored European providers for security reasons.
Before the 15 September 2020 deadline, Huawei was in "survival mode" and stockpiled "5G mobile processors, Wi-Fi, radio frequency and display driver chips and other components" from key chip suppliers and manufacturers, including Samsung, SK Hynix, TSMC, MediaTek, Realtek, Novatek, and RichWave.
In September 2020, the blanket ban on all semiconductor sales to Huawei took effect, and Samsung and LG Display were banned from supplying displays to Huawei.
In September 2020, the sanctions regime negatively affected Huawei production, sales and financial projections.
In October 2020, Huawei released its own mapping service, Petal Maps, developed in partnership with TomTom.
On 1 October 2020, an official report released by National Cyber Security Centre noted that "Huawei has failed to adequately tackle security flaws in equipment used in the UK's telecoms networks despite previous complaints", and flagged one vulnerability of "national significance" related to broadband in 2019.
On 7 October 2020, the U.K. Parliament's Defence Committee released a report concluding that there was evidence of collusion between Huawei and the Chinese state and the Chinese Communist Party, based upon ownership model and government subsidies.
In November 2020, Huawei challenged the UK government's decision to ban its equipment, citing an Oxford Economics report that it had contributed £3.3 billion to the UK's GDP.
In November 2020, President Donald Trump issued an executive order prohibiting any American company or individual from owning shares in companies that the United States Department of Defense has listed as having links to the People's Liberation Army, which included Huawei.
In November 2020, Telus Mobility dropped Huawei in favor of Samsung, Ericsson, and Nokia for their 5G/Radio Access Network.
By 2020, Huawei has had a major role in building approximately 70% of Africa's 4G networks.
Huawei continued to release laptop models in the MateBook series into 2020, with the most recent models being the MateBook X Pro and Matebook 13 2020.
In 2020, Huawei Music partnered with top artists in Kenya, Nigeria, and Africa. They published playlists for listeners to rate on the Huawei Music app, with the winning playlist being featured for the rest of the year.
In 2020, Huawei agreed to sell the Honor brand to a state-owned enterprise of the Shenzhen government to ensure its survival under US sanctions.
In 2020, Huawei had 5464 patent applications published under the PCT System, earning them the first-place ranking in the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)'s annual World Intellectual Property Indicators report in 2021.
In 2020, Huawei launched its browser in over 170 countries, explicitly made for the HMS (Huawei Mobile Services) ecosystem and forked from the Chromium project.
In 2020, the UK initially announced its ban on Huawei equipment following US pressure, setting the stage for the gradual phasing out of Huawei gear from the country's 5G network.
In late 2020, reports surfaced that Huawei planned to build a semiconductor manufacturing facility in Shanghai that did not rely on US technology, potentially circumventing sanctions and securing its chip supply for its telecoms business.
In the second quarter of 2020, Huawei surpassed Samsung to become the world's top smartphone seller for the first time.
Since 2020, Huawei transitioned subsequent Huawei Watch models from the discontinued LiteOS to the active HarmonyOS.
In January 2021, the Trump administration revoked licenses from US companies such as Intel from supplying products and technologies to Huawei.
In June 2021, Huawei began shipping its smartphones with Harmony OS by default in China, marking a significant shift from Android in its home market.
In June 2021, the FCC voted unanimously to prohibit approvals of Huawei gear in US telecommunication networks on national security grounds.
In June 2021, the Joe Biden administration began persuading the United Arab Emirates to remove Huawei Technologies Co. equipment from its telecommunications network to further distance itself from China, threatening a $23 billion arms deal.
In July 2021, Huawei hired Tony Podesta as a consultant and lobbyist to improve the company's relationship with the Biden administration.
In August 2021, the extradition judge questioned the regularity of the Meng Wanzhou case and expressed difficulty understanding how the U.S.'s Record of Case supported their allegation of criminality.
In September 2021, Huawei released the MateStation S and X, marking their entrance into the workstation and desktop PC space with All-in-one and Thin client PCs.
In September 2021, a report analyzed the UAE's struggle to maintain relations with both the United States and China, highlighting concerns about the security risks posed by Chinese technologies like the Huawei 5G telecommunications network.
On September 24, 2021, the Department of Justice announced a deal with Meng Wanzhou to resolve her case through a deferred prosecution agreement, resulting in her release from house arrest and return to China, followed by the release of Michael Spavor and Michael Kovrig from detention in China.
Analysts predicted that Huawei could ship 195 million units of smartphones from its existing stockpile in 2021, but shipments may drop to 50 million in 2021 if rules are not relaxed.
Having previously banned Huawei from participating in its 5G auction, Brazil reversed its position in early 2021 and allowed Huawei to participate, showcasing varying approaches to Huawei's involvement in global networks.
In 2021, Honor devices still had not differentiated their software much from Huawei phones and that core apps and certain engineering features, like the Honor-engineered camera features looked "virtually identical" across both phones.
In 2021, Huawei did not report its ultimate beneficial ownership in Europe as required by European anti-money laundering laws.
In 2021, Huawei experienced a significant shipment increase of 83% in its solar inverter production compared to the previous year.
In 2021, Huawei was ranked the second-largest R&D investor globally by the EU Joint Research Centre (JRC) and ranked fifth in the world in US patents.
In 2021, the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)'s annual World Intellectual Property Indicators report ranked Huawei's number of patent applications published under the PCT System as 1st in the world, with 5464 patent applications being published during 2020.
In the third quarter of 2021, Huawei's revenues dropped by 32% due to heavy international sanctions, impacting its position in the smartphone market.
President Joe Biden signed into law the Secure Equipment Act of 2021.
As of May 2022, Huawei partnership with Leica had ended.
In May 2022, Canada announced a ban on Huawei from the country's 5G network, citing national security concerns and requiring the removal of Huawei and ZTE 5G equipment by June 2024.
In May 2022, Canada's government banned Huawei and ZTE equipment from the country's 5G network, aligning with allies in the Five Eyes intelligence alliance amid security concerns.
In October 2022, the UK extended the deadline by a year to the end of 2023 for removing core Huawei equipment from network functions, while the overall goal of phasing out all Huawei gear by the end of 2027 remained unchanged.
In November 2022, the FCC issued a ban on Huawei for national security reasons, citing the national security risk posed by the technology owned by China, after President Joe Biden signed the Secure Equipment Act of 2021 into law.
In November 2022, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) banned the sales or import of equipment made by Huawei due to national security concerns. Subsequently, other countries also banned or restricted Huawei products.
On December 2, 2022, the presiding judge dismissed the charges against Meng Wanzhou following the United States government's request.
In December 2022, the Pakistan and East Africa Connecting Europe (PEACE) cable went live with a design capacity of 16Tbit/s per fiber pair.
In December 2022, the presiding judge dismissed the charges against Meng Wanzhou following the United States government's request.
As of 2022, Huawei became the largest producer of solar inverters globally, holding a 29% market share with an 83% shipment increase compared to 2021.
By the end of the third quarter in 2022, Huawei revenue had dropped a further 19.7% since the beginning of the year.
In 2022, Yale economist Stephen Roach stated there was no hard evidence to support allegations of Huawei having backdoors for industrial espionage, save for one arguable instance.
In 2022, allegations of bribery targeting the European Parliament in Brussels have drawn comparisons to the 2022 Qatargate scandal, amid a corruption investigation of Huawei.
In 2022, the charges against Huawei's Chief Financial Officer, Meng Wanzhou, were dropped after she had been detained in Canada for nearly three years.
TechInsights had stated in 2022 that it believed SMIC had managed to produce 7 nm chips, even though faced by a harsh sanctions regime, by adapting simpler machines that it could still purchase from ASML.
In February 2023, Huawei joined the UNESCO Global Alliance for Literacy (GAL) as an associate member and partners with UNESCO's Global Skills Academy.
On 24 April 2023, Huawei launched MetaERP, its proprietary enterprise resource planning (ERP) solution.
In August 2023, the Semiconductor Industry Association (SIA) alleged that Huawei was building secret semiconductor-fabrication facilities across China, a shadow manufacturing network that would let the company skirt US sanctions.
Per an August 2023 decree on 5G network development, Costa Rica barred firms from all countries that have not signed the Budapest Convention on Cybercrime, affecting Chinese firms like Huawei.
On 25 September 2023, Huawei announced their latest watch, the Huawei Watch Ultimate Design.
On 6 September 2023, Huawei launched its new Mate 60 smartphone, powered by a new Kirin 9000s chip made in China by Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corp (SMIC) using 7 nm technology, showcasing advancements in China's chip-making industry despite US sanctions.
On 4 October 2023, Huawei released the Huawei Watch Ultimate Design worldwide.
As of 2023, Huawei is the leading 5G equipment manufacturer, holding the greatest market share of 5G equipment and having built approximately 70% of worldwide 5G base stations.
As of 2023, telecoms-network equipment remains Huawei's core area of business, which constituted half of its revenues for the year.
By 2023, Harmony OS had risen from no market share at all to 10 per cent of the Chinese market for smartphones within two years (from mid-2021 to mid-2023), at the expense of Android, demonstrating its growing adoption in China.
In 2023, Huawei initiated and led the establishment of the Harmony Intelligent Mobility Alliance (HIMA), an automotive alliance and sales network including AITO (Seres Group), Luxeed (Chery), Stelato (BAIC BluePark), Maextro (JAC Group) and SAIC (SAIC Motor).
In 2023, after the launch of MetaERP, Huawei carried out the first batch of large-scale switching on May 14 midnight, across Asia-Pacific, Europe, Middle East and Central Asia, Southern Africa, and Latin America, covering ICT, Huawei Cloud, terminals, and other industries, using its Linux-based EulerOS server operating system and GaussDB relational database management system. MetaERP currently handles 100% of Huawei's internal business and most of the 80% of its business operations.
In 2023, the Chinese government officially acknowledged that the NSA's hacking of Huawei had occurred, an event that originally took place in 2009 and was reported in 2014.
The Madrid Yearly Review ranked Huawei's number of marks applications filed under the Madrid System as 9th in the world, with 78 trademarks applications submitted during 2023.
The UK extended the deadline to the end of 2023 for removing core Huawei equipment from network functions.
In January 2024, Netgear filed a lawsuit against Huawei, claiming the company broke the United States antitrust law by withholding patent licenses, in addition to allegations of fraud and racketeering.
In January 2024, it was reported that Huawei ended its in-house lobbying operations in Washington, D.C.
As of April 2024, Huawei is also building or supporting the construction of five semiconductor fabs.
In May 2024, the U.S. Department of Commerce revoked some export licenses that allowed Intel and Qualcomm to supply Huawei with semiconductors, further limiting Huawei's access to key components.
By June 28, 2024, telcos in Canada must remove all ZTE- and Huawei-branded 5G equipment from their networks, following the ban announced in May 2022 due to national security concerns.
Network operators in Canada have until 28 June 2024 to remove Huawei and ZTE equipment already installed in their 5G networks, following the government's ban in May 2022.
On 21 June 2024, Huawei announced that HarmonyOS is now installed on over 900 million devices and has become the second most popular mobile OS in China.
In July 2024, Huawei opened its biggest R&D center to date near Shanghai, accommodating nearly 35,000 members of its personnel.
In July 2024, the German government announced a deal with telecommunication companies in the country to remove Chinese 5G equipment, including from Huawei, by 2029.
In November 2024, Huawei announced plans to start mass-producing advanced artificial intelligence chips within the first quarter of 2025. These chips, named Ascend 910C, are made by SMIC using its N+2 process and rely on Huawei's Compute Architecture for Neural Networks (CANN) software ecosystem.
As of 2024, more than half of Huawei's employees are involved in research. In the same year, Huawei spent $22.1 billion on R&D, around 22.4% of its net sales, being one of the six companies in the world to spend more than $20 billion on R&D spending, and has prioritized technological innovation to vertically integrate its supply chain.
For the eighth consecutive year, Huawei remained the top patent applicant for patents filled under the PCT, with 6600 published applications in 2024.
From 2024 onwards, some of Huawei's solar products are also sold under the "iStore" brand in Australia.
In 2024, Huawei announced a new goal of an additional 150,000 individuals at the LEAP Summit to be trained in IT, building on the original program that sought to equip 100,000 individuals with digital skills in sub-Saharan Africa.
In a 2024 literature review, academics Richard Heeks et al. write that U.S. warnings about Huawei have been largely ignored by the global south countries, indicating a divergence in perceptions of the risks associated with Huawei.
In March 2025, Huawei became the focus of a corruption investigation in Brussels, Belgium, involving allegations of bribery targeting the European Parliament.
In March 2025, Huawei lobbyists were banned from accessing the European Parliament following the arrests of several Huawei staff accused of bribery, forgery, and money laundering.
In March 2025, the FCC opened an investigation into Huawei and other Chinese companies regarding operations in the U.S. in violation of restrictions, suggesting ongoing scrutiny of Huawei's activities.
In April 2025, the European Commission announced it would not meet with lobby groups representing Huawei due to ongoing investigations.
In May 2025, amidst a corruption investigation, lobby organization SolarPower Europe removed Huawei as a member, and Parliament suspended Huawei's lobbyists' access, while the European Commission halted meetings with groups representing Huawei.
In June 2025, Taiwan added Huawei to its export control list, further restricting trade and technology transfer with the company.
In June 2025, a U.S. District Judge denied Huawei's request to dismiss most of a 2018 federal indictment charging Huawei with racketeering, stealing trade secrets, and committing bank fraud related to Iran.
On 22 October 2025, Huawei released the latest version of its operating system, HarmonyOS 6, designed for smartphones, tablets, smart TVs, smart watches, personal computers, and other smart devices.
By December 2025, Huawei's advanced driver-assist system had expanded to mass-market vehicles in China.
As of 2025, Huawei is the largest smartphone vendor in China with an 18.1% market share.
Huawei plans to begin mass-producing its advanced artificial intelligence chips, Ascend 910C, within the first quarter of 2025.
In 2025, Huawei won several contracts to supply Vietnam with 5G equipment, marking a reversal of its earlier exclusion.
In 2025, the European Commission was reported to be exploring ways to phase Huawei products out of their member states' telecommunication networks, indicating increasing pressure on Huawei in Europe.
In October 2020, the British Defence Select Committee announced that it had found evidence of Huawei's collusion with the Chinese state and that it supported accelerated purging of Huawei equipment from Britain's telecom infrastructure by 2025.
The UK's ban calls for the phasing out of all Huawei gear from UK's 5G network by the end of 2027.
In June 2020 ANSSI informed French telecommunications companies that they would not be allowed to renew licenses for 5G equipment made from Huawei after 2028.
The deal struck in July 2024 requires Germany to remove Chinese 5G equipment, including from Huawei, by 2029.
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