History of Oman in Timeline
Oman, officially the Sultanate of Oman, is a country located on the southeastern Arabian Peninsula in West Asia. It shares borders with Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Yemen. Oman's coastline borders the Arabian Sea to the southeast and the Gulf of Oman to the northeast. The country includes the exclaves of Madha and Musandam, which are surrounded by the UAE. Musandam's coastal boundaries include the Strait of Hormuz and the Gulf of Oman. Oman's population is approximately 5.46 million and its area spans 315,331 km2. Muscat serves as both the capital and the largest city.
1913: Imam Salim Alkharusi instigates rebellion
In 1913, Imam Salim Alkharusi instigated an anti-Muscat rebellion which continued until 1920.
1920: Treaty of Seeb signed
In 1920, the Sultanate established peace with the Imamate by signing the Treaty of Seeb, which granted autonomous rule to the Imamate in the interior of Oman and recognised the sovereignty of the coast of Oman, the Sultanate of Muscat. Also in 1920, Imam Salim Alkharusi died and Muhammad Alkhalili was elected.
January 1923: Agreement between Sultanate and British government signed
On January 10, 1923, an agreement between the Sultanate and the British government was signed, requiring the Sultanate to consult with the British political agent in Muscat and obtain approval from the High Government of India for oil extraction.
July 1928: Red Line Agreement signed
On July 31, 1928, the Red Line Agreement was signed between Anglo-Persian Company, Royal Dutch/Shell, Compagnie Française des Pétroles, Near East Development Corporation, and Calouste Gulbenkian to collectively produce oil in the post-Ottoman Empire region.
1929: Establishment of Iraq Petroleum Company
In 1929, the members of the Red Line Agreement established the Iraq Petroleum Company (IPC).
November 1931: Sultan Taimur bin Faisal abdicates
On November 13, 1931, Sultan Taimur bin Faisal abdicated.
February 1932: Said bin Taimur becomes Sultan
On February 10, 1932, Said bin Taimur officially became the Sultan of Muscat, backed by the British government.
1937: Agreement with Iraq Petroleum Company
In 1937, an agreement was signed between the Sultan and Iraq Petroleum Company (IPC), granting oil concessions to IPC.
September 10, 1939: Oman declares war on Germany
On September 10, 1939, upon the outbreak of World War II, the Sultan of Oman declared war on Germany.
October 16, 1943: German U-Boat U-533 sunk
On October 16, 1943, the German U-Boat U-533 was sunk in the Gulf of Oman by a Bristol Blenheim from No. 244 Squadron RAF.
1946: British government offers assistance to the Sultan
In 1946, the British government offered arms and ammunition, auxiliary supplies and officers to the Sultan to prepare for an attack on the interior of Oman.
December 1951: Treaty of Friendship signed with United Kingdom
In December 1951, the Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation was signed between Oman and the United Kingdom, recognizing the Sultanate of Muscat and Oman as a fully independent state.
May 1954: Ghalib Alhinai elected Imam
In May 1954, Imam Alkhalili died and Ghalib Alhinai was elected Imam.
December 1955: Sultan sends troops to occupy Oman
In December 1955, Sultan Said bin Taimur sent troops to occupy main centers in Oman, including Nizwa and Ibri.
1955: Makran strip accedes to Pakistan
In 1955, the exclave coastal Makran strip acceded to Pakistan and was made a district of its Balochistan province.
July 1957: Sultan's forces withdraw during the Jebel Akhdar War
In July 1957, the Sultan's forces were withdrawing during the Jebel Akhdar War, but they were ambushed sustaining heavy casualties.
August 1957: Approval to carry out air strikes
On 4 August 1957, the British Foreign Secretary gave the approval to carry out air strikes without prior warning to the locals residing in the interior of Oman.
September 1958: Pakistan purchases Gwadar from Oman
On September 8, 1958, Pakistan purchased the Gwadar enclave from Oman for US$3 million.
December 1958: RAF raids
Between July and December 1958, the British RAF made 1,635 raids, dropping 1,094 tons and firing 900 rockets at the interior of Oman.
January 1959: Sultanate's forces occupy Jebel Akhdar
On 27 January 1959, the Sultanate's forces occupied the mountain in a surprise operation. Imam Ghalib, his brother Talib and Sulaiman managed to escape to Saudi Arabia.
December 1963: UN establishes Ad-Hoc Committee on Oman
On 11 December 1963, the UN General Assembly decided to establish an Ad-Hoc Committee on Oman to study the 'Question of Oman'.
1963: Start of Dhofar War
In 1963, the Dhofar War began, pitting pro-Soviet forces against government troops.
1965: UN General Assembly adopts resolution on Oman
In 1965, the UN General Assembly adopted the 'Question of Oman' resolution, calling for an end to British control and reaffirming Omani self-determination.
1966: UN General Assembly reaffirms Omani right to self-determination
In 1966, the UN General Assembly adopted the 'Question of Oman' resolution, calling for an end to British control and reaffirming Omani self-determination.
1967: UN General Assembly reaffirms Omani right to self-determination again
In 1967, the UN General Assembly adopted the 'Question of Oman' resolution, calling for an end to British control and reaffirming Omani self-determination.
1969: Madha boundary settled
In 1969, the boundary of Madha, an exclave within UAE territory, was settled.
July 1970: Oman Radio Began Broadcasting
On July 30, 1970, Oman Radio, the first and only state-owned radio channel, began broadcasting.
1970: Sultan Qaboos opens the country and outlaws slavery
After deposing his father in 1970, Sultan Qaboos opened up the country, removed "Muscat and" from the country's name, embarked on economic reforms, and outlawed slavery.
1970: Qaboos bin Said becomes Sultan
In 1970, Qaboos bin Said became the Sultan of Oman, initiating reforms and modernization.
1970: Qaboos deposes Sultan Said bin Taimur
In 1970, Sultan Said bin Taimur was deposed in a bloodless coup by his son Qaboos bin Said with British support.
1970: Moderate foreign policy pursued
Since 1970, Oman has pursued a moderate foreign policy, expanding its diplomatic relations dramatically.
1970: Royal decrees for legislation
Since 1970, all legislation in Oman has been promulgated through royal decrees.
1976: End of Dhofar War
In 1976, the Dhofar uprising was put down with the help of forces from Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Pakistan and Britain.
1979: Oman doubled oil output
Following the 1970s energy crisis, Oman doubled their oil output between 1979 and 1985.
1981: Oman becomes founding member of Gulf Cooperation Council
In 1981, Oman became a founding member of the six-nation Gulf Cooperation Council.
1984: Creation of the Oman Centre for Traditional Music
In 1984, the Oman Centre for Traditional Music was created to preserve the over 130 different forms of traditional Omani songs and dances.
1985: Oman doubled oil output
Following the 1970s energy crisis, Oman doubled their oil output between 1979 and 1985.
1985: Sultan Qaboos Founded Royal Oman Symphony Orchestra
In 1985, Sultan Qaboos founded the Royal Oman Symphony Orchestra to be made up of Omanis instead of foreign musicians.
July 1987: Inaugural Concert of the Royal Oman Symphony Orchestra
On July 1987, the Royal Oman Symphony Orchestra gave its inaugural concert at the Al Bustan Palace Hotel's Oman Auditorium.
1990: Road Incident Death Rates
Since 1990, Oman's road incident death rates have been decreasing.
1993: Healthcare Access
In 1993, 89 percent of the population in Oman had access to health care services.
1993: Omani Society for Fine Arts Established
In 1993, the Omani Society for Fine Arts was established, offering educational programmes, workshops, and artist grants.
1995: Adoption of present national flag
In 1995, the country adopted its present national flag, resembling the previous flag but with a thicker stripe.
1995: Oman had a 2020 Vision
Oman had a 2020 Vision to diversify the economy established in 1995, which targeted a decrease in oil's share to less than 10 percent of GDP by 2020, but it was rendered obsolete in 2011.
1995: High Vaccination Rate
Since 1995, the percentage of Omani children who receive key vaccines has consistently been very high, above 99 percent.
1996: Basic Law promulgated
In 1996, the Basic Law was promulgated through royal decrees.
1996: Basic Statute of the State issued
In 1996, the Basic Statute of the State was issued in Oman, operating as a constitution for the country.
1997: Women granted right to vote
In 1997, a royal decree was issued granting women the right to vote, and stand for election to the Majlis al-Shura, the Consultative Assembly of Oman.
1998: Opening of Bait Al Zubair Museum
In 1998, Bait Al Zubair Museum, a private, family-funded museum, opened to the public, displaying the family's collection of Omani artifacts.
1998: Oman plans to diversify economy
Since a slump in oil prices in 1998, Oman has made active plans to diversify its economy.
1999: Bait Al Zubair Museum Receives Sultan Qaboos' Award
In 1999, Bait Al Zubair Museum received Sultan Qaboos' Award for Architectural Excellence.
2000: Fish Exports Growth
Between 2000 and 2016, Oman's fish exports grew from US$144 million to US$172 million, an increase of 19.4 percent.
2000: Healthcare Access and System Ranking
In 2000, 99 percent of the population in Oman had access to health care services, and Oman's health system was ranked number 8 by the WHO.
2000: Oil Production
In 2000, Oman's oil production was at 972,000 barrels per day.
2000: Bait Muzna Gallery Established
In 2000, Sayyida Susan Al Said established Bait Muzna Gallery, the first art gallery in Oman.
2000: Royal Navy of Oman personnel
In 2000, the Royal Navy of Oman had 4,200 men and was headquartered at Seeb.
2001: Endangered species in Oman
In 2001, Oman had nine endangered species of mammals, five endangered types of birds, and nineteen threatened plant species.
2002: Voting rights extended to all citizens
In 2002, voting rights were extended to all citizens over the age of 21.
2003: Olympic Days in Oman
In 2003, the Oman Olympic Committee played a major part in organising the highly successful Olympic Days, which were of great benefit to the sports associations, clubs, and young participants.
2003: First elections to the Consultative Assembly
In 2003, the first elections to the Consultative Assembly under the new rules were held.
2003: Undernourishment Rate
Since 2003, Oman's undernourished share of the population has decreased.
October 2004: Omani Government Sets Up Ministry of Sports Affairs
In October 2004, the Omani government set up a Ministry of Sports Affairs to replace the General Organisation for Youth, Sports and Cultural Affairs.
2004: First female minister appointed
In 2004, the Sultan appointed Oman's first female minister with portfolio, Sheikha Aisha bint Khalfan bin Jameel al-Sayabiyah, to the post of National Authority for Industrial Craftsmanship.
2005: Arrests of suspected Islamists
In 2005, nearly 100 suspected Islamists were arrested and 31 people were convicted of trying to overthrow the government; they were ultimately pardoned in June of the same year.
2006: Steady Date Exports
Between 2006 and 2016, Oman's date exports remained steady.
2006: Exported Fish Ratio
Between 2006 and 2016, the ratio of exported fish to total fish captured in tons in Oman fluctuated between 49 and 61 percent.
2006: Oman had surface combat vessels
In 2006, Oman had ten surface combat vessels, including corvettes and ocean-going patrol boats.
2006: Military manpower totalled
In 2006, Oman's military manpower totalled 44,100, including army, navy and air force personnel.
2006: Release of the Omani Film Al-Boom
In 2006, the Omani film Al-Boom was released.
2006: Active personnel in Royal Army
In 2006, the Royal Army of Oman had 25,000 active personnel, plus a small contingent of Royal Household troops.
2007: Small Cinema of Oman
As of 2007, the cinema of Oman is very small, there being only one Omani film Al-Boom.
2007: Oil Production Decline
By 2007, Oman's oil production had fallen to 714,800 barrels per day, a decrease of more than 26% since 2000.
2007: Oman ordered Khareef class corvettes
In 2007, Oman ordered three Khareef class corvettes from the VT Group for £400 million; they were built at Portsmouth.
2007: Area reduction of Arabian Oryx Sanctuary
In 2007, the government reduced the Arabian Oryx Sanctuary's area by 90% to clear the way for oil prospectors.
April 2008: Oman stop of Middle East's torch relay
In April 2008, before the Beijing Olympics, Oman became the stop of the Middle East's torch relay on 14 April 2008, covering 20 kilometres.
2008: Natural Gas Production
In 2008, Oman's natural gas production was approximately 24 billion cubic metres per year.
January 2009: Broadcasting of Majan TV
In January 2009, Majan TV, the first private TV channel in Oman, began broadcasting.
January 2009: Free-trade agreement with the United States took effect
On January 1, 2009, a free-trade agreement between Oman and the United States took effect, eliminating tariff barriers on all consumer and industrial products.
January 2009: Oman Hosts 19th Arabian Gulf Cup
The 19th Arabian Gulf Cup took place in Muscat from January 4 to 17, 2009, and was won by the Omani national football team.
2009: Oil Production Recovery
In 2009, Oman's oil production had recovered to 816,000 barrels per day.
2009: Tourism Revenue
In 2009, Oman's tourism revenue was RO 505 million (US$1.3 billion).
2010: Muscat Hosts 2010 Asian Beach Games
In 2010, Muscat hosted the 2010 Asian Beach Games.
2010: Oman military expenditures
In 2010, Oman spent US$4.074 billion on military expenditures, 8.5% of the gross domestic product.
2010: Life Expectancy and Healthcare Access
In 2010, life expectancy at birth in Oman was estimated to be 76.1 years. There were also an estimated 2.1 physicians and 2.1 hospital beds per 1,000 people in 2010.
2010: Oman recognised as most improved country
In 2010, the United Nations Development Programme recognized Oman as the most improved country in the world in terms of development during the preceding 40 years.
2010: Adult Literacy Rate
In 2010, the adult literacy rate in Oman was 86.9 percent.
2010: Last Updated Majan TV's Official Channel Website
In early 2010, Majan TV's official channel website was last updated.
February 2011: Protests dispersed by riot police
In February 2011, Omani protests inspired by the Arab Spring, demanding political reforms and better living conditions, were dispersed by riot police.
October 2011: Elections held to the Consultative Assembly
In October 2011, elections were held for the Consultative Assembly after Sultan Qaboos promised it greater powers.
2011: Employment in Construction and Manufacturing
As of 2011 statistics, the percentage of Omanis employed in the construction and manufacturing sectors was low.
2011: Research & Development Expenditures
Between 2011 and 2015, Oman's share of research & development expenditures to GDP averaged 0.20 percent.
2011: Oman Hosts Asian FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup Qualifiers
In 2011, Oman hosted the Asian FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup qualifiers, where 11 teams competed for three spots at the FIFA World Cup.
2011: Discovery of Stone Tools in Dhofar Governorate
In 2011, a site in the Dhofar Governorate of Oman was discovered, containing more than 100 surface scatters of stone tools, belonging to the late Nubian Complex.
2011: Basic Statute amended in response to protests
In 2011, the Basic Statute was amended in response to protests in Oman.
2011: Oman Qualifies as Safe for Filipino Migrants
In 2011, the Philippines government determined that, out of all the countries in the Middle East, only Oman and Israel qualify as safe for Filipino migrants.
2011: 2020 Vision rendered obsolete
Oman had a 2020 Vision to diversify the economy established in 1995, but it was rendered obsolete in 2011.
September 2012: Trials of activists for online criticism
In September 2012, trials began for activists accused of posting "abusive and provocative" criticism of the government online, resulting in six jail terms.
2012: Oman was largest arms importer
According to SIPRI, Oman was the 23rd largest arms importer from 2012 to 2016.
2012: Oil Production Levels
By 2012, Oman's oil production had reached 930,000 barrels per day.
2012: Muscat's Recognition
In 2012, Muscat was named the second best city to visit in the world by Lonely Planet and was chosen as the Capital of Arab Tourism.
2012: Oman Hosts Beach Handball World Championships
In 2012, Oman hosted the Men's and Women's Beach Handball World Championships at the Millennium Resort in Mussanah, from 8 to 13 July.
2012: Prisoners complained of sleep deprivation
In 2012, several prisoners detained in Oman complained of sleep deprivation, extreme temperatures and solitary confinement.
2013: Oman eliminates malaria diagnoses
In 2013, Oman was declared to have eliminated malaria diagnoses, according to the World Health Organisation (WHO).
March 2014: "El Clasico" Played in Oman
On March 14, 2014, the first "El Clasico" to be played outside of Spain, was played at the Sultan Qaboos Sports Complex.
2014: Education Improvement Areas
According to a 2014 United Nations Conference on Trade and Development report, accreditation standards and mechanisms with a quality control that focuses on input assessments, rather than output, are areas of improvement in Oman's higher education.
2014: Women's Dress
As of 2014, women in Oman often wear an abaya over their clothing, reserving traditional dress for special occasions. Some women wear hijab, but most do not cover their faces and hands. The Sultan has forbidden covering faces in public offices.
November 2015: Viral Music Video about Oman
In November 2015, a seven-minute music video about Oman went viral, achieving 500,000 views on YouTube within 10 days of being released. The a cappella production features Al Wasmi, Mazin Al-Haddabi and Buthaina Al Raisi.
2015: Research & Development Expenditures
Between 2011 and 2015, Oman's share of research & development expenditures to GDP averaged 0.20 percent, while the world's average during the same period was 2.11 percent.
2015: Health Spending to GDP
Between 2015 and 2016, Oman's health spending to GDP averaged 4.3 percent.
2015: Essential Health Services Coverage
In 2015, Oman's coverage of essential health services was 77 percent.
July 2016: Opening of the National Museum of Oman
On July 2016, the National Museum of Oman, the Sultanate's flagship cultural institution, opened its doors with 14 permanent galleries showcasing national heritage.
2016: Oman was largest arms importer
According to SIPRI, Oman was the 23rd largest arms importer from 2012 to 2016.
2016: Mortality Due to Air Pollution
As of 2016, Oman's mortality rate due to air pollution was 53.9 per 100,000 population.
2016: Health Spending to GDP
Between 2015 and 2016, Oman's health spending to GDP averaged 4.3 percent, while the world's average during the same period averaged 10 percent.
2016: Bait Muzna Expansion
In 2016, Bait Muzna opened a second space in Salalah to branch out and support art film and the digital art scene.
2016: Journalists sentenced to prison
In 2016, Human Rights Watch reported that an Omani court sentenced three journalists to prison and ordered the permanent closure of their newspaper, over an article that alleged corruption in the judiciary.
2016: Date Production and Exports
In 2016, Oman's estimated production of dates was 350,000 tons, making it the 9th largest producer of dates. Oman's total export of dates was US$12.6 million and the imports were US$11.3 million in 2016.
2016: Fishing Industry Contribution and Exports
In 2016, Oman's fishing industry contributed 0.78 percent to the GDP. The main importer of Omani fish in 2016 was Vietnam, which imported almost US$80 million (46.5 percent) in value.
2016: Manufacturing Value Added to GDP
In 2016, Oman's manufacturing value added to GDP rate was 8.4 percent, which is lower than the average in the Arab world (9.8 percent) and the world average (15.6 percent).
2016: Undernourishment Levels
In 2016, Oman's undernourished share of the population was 5.4 percent, double the level of high-income economies (2.7 percent).
2016: Oil and gas revenues
In 2016, oil and gas accounted for 72 percent of the Omani government's revenue.
2016: Government Suspends Newspaper Azamn
In 2016, the government drew international criticism for suspending the newspaper Azamn and arresting three journalists after a report on corruption.
2016: Patent Applications
In 2016, the ratio of patent applications per million people in Oman was 0.35.
2016: Tourism Contribution to GDP
In 2016, tourism contributed 2.8 percent to the Omani GDP.
2016: Oman Qualifies for ICC World Twenty20
In cricket, Oman qualified for the 2016 ICC World Twenty20.
2016: Oman's military spending
Oman's military spending as a percentage of GDP between 2016 and 2018 was around 10 percent.
December 2017: 23rd Arabian Gulf Cup
The 23rd Arabian Gulf Cup took place in Kuwait, from December 22, 2017 until January 5, 2018 with Oman winning their second title.
2017: Tourism Revenue Growth
By 2017, Oman's tourism revenue grew to RO 719 million (US$1.8 billion), a growth of +42.3 percent since 2009.
2017: Azamn Not Allowed to Reopen
In 2017, Azamn was not allowed to reopen although an appeal court ruled in late 2016 that the paper can resume operating.
2017: Road Incident Death Rates
In 2017, Oman's road incident death rate was 47.1 per 100,000 individuals, significantly above the average of 15.8 per 100,000.
2017: Oil and gas contribution to GDP
In 2017, the oil and gas sector constituted 30.1 percent of Oman's nominal GDP.
2017: Foreign direct investment exceeded
In 2017, total foreign direct investments (FDI) in Oman exceeded US$24 billion.
2017: Oman's research and development spending
Oman's research and development spending between 2016 and 2017 averaged 0.24 percent.
January 2018: Oman Wins 23rd Arabian Gulf Cup
In January 2018, Oman won their second title in the 23rd Arabian Gulf Cup, defeating the United Arab Emirates in the final.
June 2018: Record High Temperature
In June 2018, the village of Qurayyat set the record for highest minimum temperature in a 24-hour period, recording 42.6 °C (108.7 °F).
2018: Oman Competes in AVC Beach Volleyball Continental Cup
In 2018, Oman featured a men's national team in beach volleyball that competed at the 2018–2020 AVC Beach Volleyball Continental Cup.
2018: Oman budget deficit
In 2018, Oman had a budget deficit of 32 percent of total revenue and a government debt-to-GDP ratio of 47.5 percent.
2018: Mineral fuels accounted for product exports
In 2018, in Oman, mineral fuels accounted for 82.2 percent of total product exports.
2018: Oil and gas revenues
In 2018, oil and gas represented 71 percent of the Omani government's revenues, a decrease of 1 percent compared to 2016.
2018: Oman Ranked in World Press Freedom Index
In 2018, the press freedom group Reporters Without Borders ranked Oman 127th out of 180 countries on its World Press Freedom Index.
2018: Launch of a New Private Radio Station by Muscat Media Group
In early 2018, Muscat Media Group (MMG) launched a new private radio station.
2018: Oman's military spending
Oman's military spending as a percentage of GDP between 2016 and 2018 was around 10 percent.
2018: Education Curriculum Recommendations
The Transformation Index BTI 2018 report on Oman recommends that the education curriculum should focus more on the "promotion of personal initiative and critical perspective".
September 2019: Oman to host IGRC 2020
In September 2019, Oman was confirmed as the first Middle Eastern country to host the International Gas Union Research Conference (IGRC 2020).
November 2019: Visa Policy Changes
In November 2019, Oman made visa on arrival an exception and introduced the concept of e-visa for tourists from all nationalities.
2019: Education Statistics
As of 2019, Oman scored high on the percentage of students completing lower secondary school and on the literacy rate between the ages of 15 and 24, but the net primary school enrolment rate was rated as "challenges remain".
2019: Challenges in Innovation and Infrastructure
As of 2019, according to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals index, Oman still faced "significant challenges" in industry, innovation, and infrastructure. Oman scored high on internet use, mobile broadband subscriptions, logistics performance, and university rankings, while scoring low on scientific publications and R&D spending.
2019: Global Innovation Index Score
In 2019, Oman scored "below expectations" in innovation relative to countries classified under high income, as per the Global Innovation Index report.
2019: Climate action challenges remain
In 2019, according to the United Nations Sustainable Development index, major challenges remain to be solved in Oman's climate action, including high per-capita CO2 emissions from energy.
2019: Pollution Ranking
In 2019, the WHO ranked Oman as the least polluted country in the Arab world, with a score of 37.7 in the pollution index.
January 2020: Death of Sultan Qaboos
In January 2020, Sultan Qaboos, the Arab world's longest-serving ruler at the time, died and was succeeded by his first cousin Haitham bin Tariq.
February 2020: Hosting of IGRC 2020
In February 2020, Oman hosted the 16th International Gas Union Research Conference (IGRC 2020) in collaboration with Oman LNG.
2020: Population Statistics
By 2020, Oman's population exceeded 4.5 million, with a total fertility rate estimated at 2.8 children born per woman.
2020: Haitham bin Tariq succeeds Qaboos as Sultan
In 2020, Haitham bin Tariq succeeded Qaboos as the Sultan of Oman, following Qaboos' death.
2020: Oman Competes in AVC Beach Volleyball Continental Cup
In 2020, Oman featured a men's national team in beach volleyball that competed at the 2018–2020 AVC Beach Volleyball Continental Cup.
2020: Global Innovation Index Ranking Decline
In 2020, Oman was ranked 84th in the Global Innovation Index, a decrease from 80th in 2019.
2020: Oman's military expenditure highest globally
In 2020, SIPRI estimated Oman's military and security expenditure as 11 percent of GDP, making it the world's highest rate that year.
2020: 2020 Vision rendered obsolete
Oman had a 2020 Vision to diversify the economy established in 1995, but it was rendered obsolete in 2011.
January 2021: Haitham names first crown prince
On January 12, 2021, Haitham named his eldest son, Theyazin bin Haitham, as the country's first crown prince and heir to the throne, with an amendment to the Basic Statute.
June 2021: Oman to Co-Host ICC Men's T20 World Cup
On June 25, 2021, it was confirmed that Oman will co-host the 2021 edition of the ICC Men's T20 World Cup alongside the United Arab Emirates.
2021: Duqm Refinery Completion Projection
By 2021, a refinery and petrochemical plant in Duqm with a 230,000 barrels per day capacity is projected to be completed.
2021: Amendment to create Crown Prince position
In 2021, the Basic Statute was amended to create the position of Crown Prince of Oman.
April 2023: Law Changed for Marrying Foreigners
In April 2023, a law was changed in Oman by a royal decree, allowing Omani citizens to marry foreigners without government permission.
October 2023: Last Elections held
In October 2023, the last elections for the Consultative Assembly were held in Oman.
2024: Oman ranks 42nd most peaceful country
As of 2024, Oman ranks as the 42nd most peaceful country in the world in the Global Peace Index.
2024: Oman Participates in Touch Rugby World Cup
In 2024, Oman participated in the 2024 Touch Rugby World Cup in Nottingham, which was its first participation in an international rugby tournament.
2024: Global Innovation Index Ranking
In 2024, Oman was ranked 74th in the Global Innovation Index.
2025: Innovation Ranking
In 2025, Oman was ranked 69th out of 144 countries in the innovation index.
2026: Al Bu Said dynasty continues to rule
As of the year 2026, the Al Bu Said dynasty continues to rule Oman, tracing back to Ahmed bin Sa'id Albusaidi's election as Imam in 1744.
October 2027: Next elections due
The next elections are due in October 2027.
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