The Boston Red Sox, founded in 1901, are a Major League Baseball team based in Boston, competing in the American League East Division. Their home field is Fenway Park since 1912. Named the "Red Sox" around 1908, following the precedent of earlier Boston teams called the "Red Stockings." They've secured nine World Series titles, ranking third-most among MLB teams, with their latest win in 2018. They also won the 1904 AL pennant but could not defend their 1903 World Series title due to the New York Giants' refusal to participate in the 1904 World Series.
Marcelo Mayer and Kristian Campbell are in competition for the Red Sox's second base position. A Red Sox prospect has emerged as a dark horse contender for the role, as Mayer claims he is ready for anything.
Prior to the 1900 season, the Western League changed its name to the American League.
From the team's inception in 1901 through 1911, the team played at the Huntington Avenue Grounds.
In 1901, Cy Young won the pitching Triple Crown with 33 wins, a 1.62 ERA, and 158 strikeouts.
In 1901, the American League created a franchise in Boston called the "Boston Americans" to compete with the National League team there.
In 1901, the Boston Red Sox were founded as one of the American League's eight charter franchises.
In 1901, the upstart American League established a competing club in Boston.
In January 1902, C.W. Somers sold all but one share of the team to Henry Killilea.
In 1902, the Boston Americans' jerseys featured large letters "B" and "A" denoting "Boston" and "American".
In 1903, the Boston Red Sox defeated the Pittsburgh Pirates in the first World Series.
In 1903, the Boston Red Sox won their first American League pennant and participated in the first modern World Series against the Pittsburgh Pirates, winning the series five games to three.
In April 1904, John I. Taylor purchased the Boston American League team.
In 1904, the Boston Red Sox won the American League pennant but were unable to defend their 1903 World Series championship because the New York Giants declined to participate.
In 1905, the two leagues established the World Series as a permanent championship.
In 1906, the Boston Americans lost 105 games and finished last in the league.
In December 1907, John I. Taylor stated that the Pilgrims nickname "sounded too much like homeless wanderers."
In December 1907, team owner Taylor proposed to change the name of the Boston Americans to the Boston Red Sox.
On December 18, 1907, John I. Taylor announced that the club had officially adopted red as its new team color.
After the 1907 season, owner John I. Taylor chose the name Red Sox.
From 1901 through 1907, the Boston American League team's jerseys simply read "Boston".
Around 1908, team owner John I. Taylor chose the name "Red Sox" for the team, following the tradition of previous "Boston Red Stockings" teams.
In 1908, the Red Sox uniforms featured a large icon of a red stocking angling across the shirt front, solidifying the team's new nickname.
In 1908, the name Red Sox refers to the red hose in the team uniform.
By 1909, center fielder Tris Speaker had become a fixture in the Boston outfield, and the team finished the season in third place.
From the team's inception in 1901 through 1911, the team played at the Huntington Avenue Grounds.
In 1912, Fenway Park became the home ballpark for the Boston Red Sox.
In 1912, the Boston National League team officially adopted the nickname "Braves".
In 1912, the Red Sox won 105 games and the pennant, then beat the New York Giants 4–3–1 in the World Series.
In 2018, the Red Sox broke the franchise record of 105 wins that had been set in 1912.
From 1913 to 1916, Joseph Lannin owned the Red Sox.
In 1914, Joseph Lannin signed a young up-and-coming pitcher named Babe Ruth from the Baltimore Orioles.
In 1915, the team won 101 games and went on to win the World Series, beating the Philadelphia Phillies four games to one.
In 1916, Harry Frazee bought the Red Sox from Joseph Lannin for about $675,000.
In 1916, the Red Sox won the World Series, defeating the Brooklyn Robins.
On December 18, 1918, Duffy Lewis, Dutch Leonard and Ernie Shore were traded to the Yankees for Ray Caldwell, Slim Love, Roxy Walters, Frank Gilhooley and $15,000.
By 1918, the Red Sox had won four more championships, establishing themselves as a dominant team.
In 1990, Yankee fans began chanting "1918" when the Red Sox were there, referencing the last year the Red Sox won a World Series.
The Red Sox victory in the 2013 World Series was the first one clinched at home in Fenway Park since 1918.
In July 1919, pitcher Carl Mays was traded to the Yankees for Bob McGraw, Allan Russell and $40,000.
In December 1919, the non-musical stage play My Lady Friends, later known as No, No, Nanette, opened on Broadway and was financed by Ruth's sale to the Yankees.
On December 26, 1919, the Red Sox sold Babe Ruth to the New York Yankees.
On January 6, 1920, the sale of Babe Ruth to the New York Yankees was announced.
In December 1920, Wally Schang, Waite Hoyt, Harry Harper and Mike McNally were traded to the Yankees for Del Pratt, Muddy Ruel, Hank Thormahlen, Sammy Vick.
On July 23, 1922, Joe Dugan and Elmer Smith were traded to the Yankees for Elmer Miller, Chick Fewster, Johnny Mitchell, and Lefty O'Doul.
In 1923, Harry Frazee sold the Red Sox to Bob Quinn.
In 1923, Herb Pennock was traded by the Red Sox to the Yankees for Camp Skinner, Norm McMillan, and George Murray.
In 1925, the Broadway musical No, No, Nanette, rumored to be financed by the sale of Babe Ruth, opened.
In 1931, Earl Webb set the all-time mark for most doubles in a season with 67.
In 1932, the Red Sox had a record of 43–111, which is still the worst record in franchise history.
In 1933, Tom Yawkey bought the team.
In 1938, Jimmie Foxx hit 50 home runs, which stood as a club record for 68 years, and set a club record of 175 runs.
In 1939, the Red Sox purchased the contract of outfielder Ted Williams from the San Diego Padres. This acquisition ushered in an era sometimes referred to as the "Ted Sox."
In 1941, Ted Williams batted .406, making him the last player to hit over .400 for a full season.
In 2004, The Red Sox joined the 1942 Toronto Maple Leafs as the only North American professional sports teams in history at the time to win a best-of-seven games series after being down 3-0.
In 1946, Enos Slaughter's "mad dash" became a memorable moment in World Series history.
In 1946, the Red Sox, led by Ted Williams, reached the World Series but lost to the St. Louis Cardinals in seven games. The "Williams Shift" was used against Williams, and his performance was affected by an elbow injury.
In 2018, the Red Sox surpassed the 100-win mark for the first time since 1946.
The Cardinals won the 1946 World Series when Enos Slaughter scored the go-ahead run from first base. Johnny Pesky's throw to home was slightly late, leading to debate about whether he hesitated.
In 1948, the Red Sox finished in a tie with Cleveland and lost to them in a one-game playoff, ending their hopes of reaching the World Series.
In 1949, the Red Sox were one game ahead of the New York Yankees with two games left against each other, but they lost both games and missed the AL Pennant.
In 1953, Ted Williams returned to the Red Sox after serving in the Korean War.
In 1955, Frank Malzone made his debut for the Red Sox at third base.
In 1957, Ted Williams hit .388 at the age of 38.
In 1959, the Red Sox became the last Major League team to field an African American player when they promoted Pumpsie Green from their AAA farm team.
Ted Williams retired at the end of the 1960 season, famously hitting a home run in his final at-bat.
In 1961, Carl "Yaz" Yastrzemski debuted for the Red Sox, replacing Ted Williams in left field.
In 1964, Tony Conigliaro, an 18-year-old rookie, slugged 24 home runs.
The 2012 season marked the worst season for the Red Sox since 1965.
In 1966, the Red Sox finished the season in ninth place.
In 1983, the Red Sox posted their worst record since 1966, finishing sixth in the AL East.
On August 18, 1967, Tony Conigliaro was struck above the left cheek bone by a pitch thrown by Jack Hamilton, impacting his career.
In 1967, the Red Sox had their "Impossible Dream" season, winning the AL pennant after finishing ninth the previous year and reaching the World Series.
In 1970, Tony Conigliaro had a productive season after recovering from his injury but was never the same player.
In 1972, the Red Sox missed the playoffs by a half-game to the Detroit Tigers due to games lost to a players' strike not being made up.
In 1975, Carlton Fisk's home run was a memorable event in World Series history.
In 1975, Game 6 of the World Series was played at Fenway Park and is considered among the greatest games in postseason history. Carlton Fisk hit a game-winning home run in the 12th inning to win the game for the Red Sox.
In 1975, the Red Sox lost Game 7 of the World Series 4-3, despite an early lead. Bill Lee threw a "Leephus pitch" that Tony Pérez hit for a home run, and the Reds scored the winning run in the 9th inning.
In 1975, the Red Sox, featuring players like Yastrzemski, Rice, and Fisk, won the AL pennant and swept the Oakland A's in the ALCS.
In 2004, The Red Sox joined the 1975 New York Islanders as the only North American professional sports teams in history at the time to win a best-of-seven games series after being down 3-0.
In 1976, Tom Yawkey passed away, and his wife Jean R. Yawkey took control of the Red Sox.
Between May 15, 2003, and April 10, 2013, the Red Sox sold out every home game at Fenway park. The 820-game streak is a record for all major American sports, narrowly passing the Portland Trail Blazers record of 814 between 1977 and 1995.
On May 26, 1978, the team was reorganized as a limited partnership.
In 1978, the Red Sox and the Yankees were involved in a tight pennant race. The Yankees overcame a large deficit to tie for the divisional lead after sweeping the Red Sox in a four-game series known as "The Boston Massacre."
In 1980, Lou Gorman became vice-president, player personnel, of the New York Mets.
In 1986, Bill Buckner's error became a significant and infamous moment in World Series history.
In 1986, Roger Clemens won both the American League Cy Young and Most Valuable Player awards after going 24-4 with a 2.48 ERA. Clemens had a 20-strikeout game.
In 1986, the Red Sox faced the New York Mets in the World Series. Game 6 became one of the most devastating losses in club history.
In 1995, the Red Sox's postseason losing streak reached 13 straight games, dating back to the 1986 World Series.
In 1988, Joe Morgan replaced John McNamara as manager, sparking a surge to the AL East title. However, the Red Sox were swept by the Oakland Athletics in the ALCS.
In 1990, Yankees fans began chanting "1918!" to taunt the Red Sox, referencing the last year the Red Sox won a World Series, this chant was common at Yankee Stadium whenever the Red Sox played there. Additionally, the Yankees fired manager Bucky Dent at Fenway Park after being swept by the Red Sox, leading to criticism of Yankees owner George Steinbrenner.
In 1990, the Red Sox again won the division but were swept by the Oakland Athletics in the ALCS for the second time in 3 years.
In 1990, the Yankees fired Bucky Dent as their manager during a series at Fenway Park, providing a measure of retribution for his famous home run in 1978.
The Red Sox became the first team since the 1991 Minnesota Twins to win the World Series a year after finishing in last place.
In 1992, Jean R. Yawkey died, passing control of the Red Sox to the Yawkey Trust.
After Roger Clemens turned 30, he had four seasons, 1993-96, which were mediocre by his standards, leading to the GM to believe he was entering "the twilight of his career".
In 1994, Dan Duquette replaced Lou Gorman as the General Manager of the Red Sox.
The previous major league baseball record had been held by the Cleveland Indians, who sold out 455 games between June 12, 1995, and April 2, 2001.
In 1995, the Red Sox won the American League East, finishing seven games ahead of the Yankees.
In 2007, the Red Sox captured their first AL East title since 1995.
On September 18, 1996, Roger Clemens tied his major league record by striking out 20 Detroit Tigers in one of his final appearances in a Red Sox uniform.
Out of contention in 1997, the Red Sox traded closer Heathcliff Slocumb to Seattle for catching prospect Jason Varitek and right-handed pitcher Derek Lowe.
The 2012 season marked the first losing season for the Red Sox since 1997.
Prior to the start of the 1998 season, the Red Sox traded Tony Armas Jr. and Carl Pavano to the Montreal Expos for pitcher Pedro Martínez. The team also won the American League Wild Card but lost the American League Division Series to the Indians.
The 2018 Red Sox are considered one of the best baseball teams since the 1998 New York Yankees.
In 1999, General Manager Dan Duquette called Fenway Park "economically obsolete" and pushed for a new stadium with Red Sox ownership.
In 1999, the Red Sox overturned their fortunes against the Indians in the American League Division Series, winning after Cleveland took a 2-0 lead. Game 4 saw the Red Sox win 23-7, the highest-scoring playoff game in major league history. They lost the ALCS to the Yankees.
After the 2000 season, the Red Sox signed Manny Ramírez to an 8-year, $160 million deal.
In 2000, the Red Sox became the eighth team in a row to fail to repeat as World Series champions.
The previous major league baseball record had been held by the Cleveland Indians, who sold out 455 games between June 12, 1995, and April 2, 2001.
In 2001, Ichiro Suzuki duplicated Fred Lynn's 1975 feat of winning both the American League Rookie of the Year award and the Most Valuable Player award.
In 2018, the Red Sox won the most games of any MLB team since the 2001 Seattle Mariners.
In 2002, The Yawkey Trust sold the Red Sox, concluding 70 years of Yawkey ownership, the team was sold to New England Sports Ventures.
In 2002, the Red Sox were sold by Yawkey trustee and president Harrington to New England Sports Ventures. Dan Duquette was fired as GM and replaced by Mike Port, and Joe Kerrigan was fired as manager and replaced by Grady Little.
On May 15, 2003, the Red Sox began a streak of selling out every home game.
During the 2003-04 offseason, at the July 31 trading deadline, the Red Sox traded Nomar Garciaparra, and received Doug Mientkiewicz and Orlando Cabrera. In a separate transaction, the Red Sox acquired Dave Roberts. The team was nicknamed "the Idiots."
In 2003, the Red Sox, known as the "Cowboy Up" team, rallied in the ALDS but lost Game 7 of the ALCS to the Yankees after a controversial pitching decision by manager Grady Little, who was not rehired for the next season.
In 2004, The Red Sox hired former Philadelphia Phillies manager Terry Francona to manage the team.
In 2004, the Red Sox ended an 86-year championship drought, winning their sixth World Series.
In 2004, the Red Sox swept the St. Louis Cardinals in the World Series, winning their first championship in 86 years, led by strong pitching performances and key home runs. Manny Ramirez was named World Series MVP. Sports Illustrated named the Boston Red Sox the 2004 Sportsmen of the Year.
In 2005, the Yankees won the AL East over the Red Sox due to winning the season series. The Red Sox then competed as the wild card team, but were swept in three games in the ALDS.
In 2006, David Ortiz broke Jimmie Foxx's single-season Red Sox home run record by hitting 54 homers. However, the Red Sox failed to make the playoffs.
In 2007, Boston won the bid for the rights to negotiate a contract with Japanese pitcher Daisuke Matsuzaka, placing a bid of $51.1 million and completing a 6-year, $52 million contract.
In 2007, the Red Sox swept the Angels in the ALDS and defeated the Indians in the ALCS after coming back from being down 3-1. They then swept the Colorado Rockies in the World Series, securing their second title in four years. Mike Lowell was named World Series MVP.
John Farrell was the Red Sox pitching coach from 2007 to 2010.
In 2008, the Red Sox began their season in Tokyo, defeating the Oakland A's. Manny Ramirez was traded to the Dodgers, and the Red Sox improved to make the playoffs as the AL Wild Card. They defeated the Angels in the ALDS but lost to the Tampa Bay Rays in the ALCS after failing to hold their lead.
In 2009, the Red Sox returned to postseason play but were swept in the ALDS by the Los Angeles Angels.
In 2004, The Red Sox joined the 2010 Philadelphia Flyers as one of the North American professional sports teams in history to win a best-of-seven games series after being down 3-0.
In 2010, the Red Sox placed third in the division and failed to make the playoffs.
John Farrell was the Red Sox pitching coach from 2007 to 2010.
In September 2011, the Red Sox became the first team in MLB history to blow a 9-game lead in the division heading into September, ultimately failing to make the playoffs.
In December 2011, Bobby Valentine was hired as the new manager of the Red Sox.
In 2011 and 2012, the Red Sox struggled with clubhouse issues, which management tried to address by hiring clubhouse players.
In 2012, Miguel Cabrera became the first player since Carl Yastrzemski in 1967 to win the American League Triple Crown.
In 2012, the Red Sox celebrated the centennial of Fenway Park. Past and present players and coaches assembled on April 20th to celebrate the anniversary. However, the Red Sox struggled with injuries and inconsistency, resulting in their worst season since 1965.
In 2012, the Red Sox finished last in the American League East with a 69-93 record.
On April 10, 2013, the Red Sox's streak of selling out every home game ended, totaling 820 games and setting a major professional sports record.
On April 15, 2013, the Boston Marathon bombing occurred, leading to a close association between the Red Sox and the city. The team wore a "Boston Strong" patch and honored victims during games. The Red Sox players placed the World Series trophy on the Boston Marathon finish line.
On September 20, 2013, the Red Sox clinched the A.L. East division title after finishing last in the American League East in 2012. This turnaround was attributed to the hiring of John Farrell and the acquisition of character players.
On September 28, 2013, the Red Sox secured home-field advantage throughout the American League playoffs as their closest competition, the Oakland Athletics, lost.
Following their 2013 championship, the Red Sox finished last in the AL East in 2014 and 2015.
Following their 2013 championship, the Red Sox finished last in the AL East in 2014 and 2015.
In 2004, The Red Sox joined the 2014 Los Angeles Kings as one of the North American professional sports teams in history to win a best-of-seven games series after being down 3-0.
On September 12, 2015, David Ortiz hit his 500th career home run, becoming the 27th player in MLB history to achieve that milestone.
In November 2015, David Ortiz announced that the 2016 season would be his last.
In 2019 the Red Sox missed the playoffs for the first time since 2015.
In 2022, the Red Sox had their first losing record in a 162-game season since 2015.
In 2016, the Red Sox won their division with a 93-69 record. Rick Porcello won the AL Cy Young Award, and Mookie Betts was the runner-up for AL MVP. The team was swept in the ALDS by the Cleveland Indians.
In November 2015, David Ortiz announced that the 2016 season would be his last.
In 2017, the Red Sox repeated as division champions with a 93-69 record but were eliminated by the Houston Astros in the ALDS. John Farrell was fired, and Alex Cora was hired as the new manager.
On January 15, 2020, Alex Cora and Red Sox mutually parted ways after being named in the MLB's report about the Houston Astros sign stealing scandal from 2017.
Following their 2018 World Series victory, the Red Sox became the first team to win four World Series trophies in the 21st century.
In 2018, the Red Sox finished with a 108-54 record, winning the American League East division title and surpassing 100 wins for the first time since 1946. The 2018 Red Sox were led by All-Stars Mookie Betts, J. D. Martinez, Chris Sale, and Craig Kimbrel.
In 2018, the Red Sox won 108 games, surpassing the 1912 club record.
On January 7, 2020, it was reported that the Red Sox used their video replay room to steal signs during their 2018 season.
The 2019 Red Sox won 24 fewer games despite retaining most players from the 2018 championship team.
In 2019, the Red Sox missed the playoffs, and Dave Dombrowski was dismissed. Chaim Bloom was hired as his replacement.
On January 7, 2020, it was reported that the Red Sox used their video replay room to steal signs during their 2018 season.
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the 2020 season was contested behind closed doors.
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, some 2021 games were contested with limited attendance.
In 2021, Alex Cora returned as manager, and the Red Sox made the postseason, defeating the Yankees and Rays but losing to the Astros in the ALCS.
Prior to the final regular season game, management announced that Roenicke would not return as manager for the 2021 season.
In 2022, the Red Sox finished in last place within their division.
On September 14, 2023, Chaim Bloom was fired.
On October 25, 2023, Craig Breslow was hired as Chaim Bloom's replacement.
In 2023, the Red Sox finished in last place within their division.
As of the end of the 2024 season, the Boston Red Sox franchise's all-time regular-season record is 9,955–9,263–83 (.518).
On March 19, 2025 Roster, coaches, and NRIs were updated.
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