History of Saddam Hussein in Timeline

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Saddam Hussein

Saddam Hussein was the fifth president of Iraq from 1979 to 2003, following the American invasion. He was a key member of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party and advocated for Ba'athism, blending Arab nationalism and socialism. His political ideology is known as Saddamism. He previously served as Vice President (1968-1979) and Prime Minister (1979-1991, 1994-2003). His rule ended with his overthrow and subsequent capture.

5 hours ago : Trump advised to avoid Saddam's Iran mistake; port explosion recovery efforts continue.

An opinion piece advises Trump to avoid Saddam Hussein's mistake of invading Iran. Separately, recovery efforts continue for survivors of the Iran port explosion, while investigations into the fire's causes are ongoing.

April 1937: Saddam Hussein's Birth

In April 1937, Saddam Hussein was born in al-Awja, near Tikrit, to a Sunni Arab family.

Others born on this day/year

1941: Anglo-Iraqi War

In 1941, Saddam Hussein's father-in-law, Khairallah Talfah, fought against Great Britain in the Anglo-Iraqi War.

1948: Saddam commemorated for involvement in the 1948 Palestine War

Saddam Hussein received numerous medals from the Iraqi state commemorating his involvement or leadership during various events, including the 1948 Palestine War.

1955: Ba'ath Party Membership

In 1955, there were fewer than 300 Ba'ath Party members in Iraq, marking the early stages of Saddam Hussein's involvement with the party.

1956: Suez Crisis

In 1956, the Suez Crisis occurred, influencing young Ba'athists like Saddam Hussein with the pan-Arab nationalism of Gamal Abdel Nasser.

1957: Joined the Ba'ath Party

In 1957, Saddam Hussein joined the revolutionary Ba'ath Party, marking the beginning of his political career.

1957: Dropped out of Law School to Join Ba'ath Party

In 1957, at the age of 20, Saddam Hussein dropped out of an Iraqi law school to join the revolutionary pan-Arab Ba'ath Party.

October 1959: Assassination Attempt on Qasim

In October 1959, Saddam Hussein participated in the Ba'ath Party's assassination attempt on Qasim, though the attempt failed.

1959: Aftermath of Assassination Attempt on Qasim

In 1959, following the failed assassination attempt on Qasim, Saddam Hussein's biography highlights his fearlessness, loyalty, and resourcefulness in saving his comrades and escaping.

February 1960: Escape to Egypt

In February 1960, Saddam Hussein escaped to Egypt via Syria, finding refuge under Nasser's protection after the failed assassination attempt on Qasim.

1961: Graduation from High School

In 1961, while in exile in Egypt, Saddam Hussein graduated from high school.

1962: Pursued Law Degree

In 1962, Saddam Hussein started pursuing a law degree at Cairo Law School, which he continued until 1963.

February 1963: Ramadan Revolution Coup

In February 1963, the Ba'ath Party overthrew and killed Qasim in the Ramadan Revolution coup. Saddam Hussein was in exile in Egypt at the time.

November 1963: Anti-Ba'athist Coup

In November 1963, Abdul Salam Arif dismissed and arrested Ba'athist leaders in a coup, while Saddam Hussein was in exile in Egypt.

1963: End of Exile in Egypt

In 1963, Saddam Hussein's exile in Egypt came to an end, after he had pursued a law degree at Cairo Law School from 1962-1963.

1963: Saddam commemorated for involvement in the 1963 revolution

Saddam Hussein received numerous medals from the Iraqi state commemorating his involvement or leadership during various events, including the 1963 revolution.

October 1964: Arrest and Imprisonment

In October 1964, Saddam Hussein was arrested and imprisoned for approximately two years for planning to assassinate Arif.

1964: Khomeini's Exile to Iraq

In 1964, Khomeini, having been exiled from Iran, took up residence in Iraq, at the Shi'a holy city of Najaf.

September 1966: Challenge to Syrian Domination

In September 1966, Saddam Hussein initiated a challenge to Syrian domination of the Ba'ath Party, leading to the party's formal split into two factions.

1967: Israel's Six-Day Victory

In 1967, Israel's victory in the Six-Day War led to a decline in Egyptian leadership, creating an opportunity for Saddam Hussein to gain admiration abroad.

July 1968: Participation in a Bloodless Coup

In July 1968, Saddam Hussein participated in a bloodless coup led by Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr that overthrew Abdul Rahman Arif, marking a significant event in his rise to power.

1968: Vice Presidency

In 1968, Saddam Hussein became the vice president of Iraq, a position he held until 1979.

1968: Saddam commemorated for involvement in the 1968 revolution

Saddam Hussein received numerous medals from the Iraqi state commemorating his involvement or leadership during various events, including the 1968 revolution.

1969: Moving Force Behind the Party

By 1969, Saddam Hussein had become the moving force behind the Ba'ath Party, despite al-Bakr being the older and more prestigious leader.

1970: Death of Gamal Abdel Nasser

In 1970, the death of Gamal Abdel Nasser, a pan-Arabist hero, created an opportunity for Saddam Hussein to gain admiration abroad.

1970: Saddam commemorated for involvement in peace in 1970

Saddam Hussein received numerous medals from the Iraqi state commemorating his involvement or leadership during various events, including peace in 1970.

June 1972: Seizure of International Oil Interests

In June 1972, Saddam Hussein oversaw the seizure of international oil interests in Iraq, which at the time dominated the country's oil sector.

1972: Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation with the Soviet Union

In 1972, Saddam Hussein signed a 15-year Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation with the Soviet Union.

1973: Shift to Pro-Arab Policy in France

Following the oil crisis of 1973, France shifted to a more pro-Arab policy and was rewarded by Saddam Hussein with closer ties.

1973: Energy Crisis and Rising Oil Prices

In 1973, the world oil prices rose dramatically as a result of the 1973 energy crisis. This led to skyrocketing revenues enabling Saddam to expand his agenda.

1973: Saddam commemorated for involvement in the 1973 Yom Kippur War

Saddam Hussein received numerous medals from the Iraqi state commemorating his involvement or leadership during various events, including the 1973 Yom Kippur War with Israel.

December 1974: Visit to Spain

In December 1974, Saddam Hussein visited Spain at the invitation of Francisco Franco, and toured Madrid, Granada, Córdoba, and Toledo.

1974: Taha Yassin Ramadan Commanded the Popular Army

Beginning in 1974, Taha Yassin Ramadan, a close associate of Saddam, commanded the Popular Army, which had responsibility for internal security. The People's Army acted as a counterweight against any coup attempts by the regular armed forces.

1974: Agricultural Development Expenditures Doubled

In 1974, the Ba'athist government doubled expenditures for agricultural development.

March 1975: Signing of the Algiers Agreement

On March 6, 1975, Iran and Iraq signed the Algiers Agreement, mediated by Algerian President Houari Boumediene, to settle border disputes and improve bilateral relations. Under the accord, Iraq was granted sovereignty over the eastern bank of the Shatt al-Arab waterway, while Iran retained control over the western bank. Following the agreement, Iraq and Iran restored full diplomatic relations and exchanged ambassadors.

September 1975: Meeting with Jacques Chirac in Paris

In September 1975, Saddam Hussein met with Prime Minister Jacques Chirac in Paris, France, further cementing close ties with French business and political circles.

1975: Algiers Agreement

In 1975, Saddam Hussein signed the Algiers Agreement with Iran, which settled territorial disputes along the Iran-Iraq border.

1975: Defeat of Kurdish Rebels

In 1975, after US covertly financed Kurdish rebels during the Second Iraqi-Kurdish War, the Kurds were defeated leading to the forcible relocation of hundreds of thousands of Kurdish civilians.

1975: Agricultural Development Expenditures Doubled

In 1975, the Ba'athist government doubled expenditures for agricultural development.

1975: Rapprochement between Iraq and Iran

In 1975, the Shah agreed to a rapprochement between Iraq and Iran, and Saddam agreed to expel Khomeini in 1978 to France.

1976: Promotion to General in the Iraqi Armed Forces

In 1976, Saddam Hussein rose to the position of general in the Iraqi armed forces, rapidly becoming the strongman of the government.

1977: Saddam Hussein on faith and atheism

In 1977, Saddam Hussein stated that "our Party does not take a neutral stance between faith and atheism; it is always on the side of faith."

1977: Deterioration of Relations with Egypt

In 1977, relations between Iraq and Egypt deteriorated due to Egyptian President Anwar Sadat's peace initiatives with Israel.

1978: Arab League Summit in Baghdad

In 1978, Baghdad hosted an Arab League summit that condemned and ostracized Egypt for accepting the Camp David Accords, with Saddam Hussein leading the Arab opposition.

1978: Expulsion of Khomeini to France

In 1978, Saddam Hussein agreed to expel Khomeini to France under pressure from the Shah, who had agreed to a rapprochement between Iraq and Iran in 1975.

1978: Crackdown on Iraqi Communists

In 1978, a crackdown on Iraqi Communists strained Iraqi relations with the Soviet Union, leading Iraq to take on a more Western orientation.

July 1979: Assumption of the Presidency

On July 16, 1979, Saddam Hussein forced the ailing al-Bakr to resign and formally assumed the presidency of Iraq, securing his grip on power.

July 1979: Purge of Ba'ath Party Leaders

On July 22, 1979, Saddam Hussein convened an assembly of Ba'ath Party leaders and initiated a purge, claiming to have found a fifth column within the ruling party. 68 alleged co-conspirators were arrested. 22 were sentenced to execution, with other high-ranking members of the party forming the firing squad.

1979: De Facto Leader of Iraq

By 1979, Saddam Hussein was the de facto leader of Iraq, taking on an increasingly prominent role as the face of the government both internally and externally as al-Bakr became unable to execute his duties.

1979: Presidency and Premiership

In 1979, Saddam Hussein became the fifth president of Iraq, serving until 2003, and also served as prime minister from 1979 to 1991.

1979: Purge of Rivals

In 1979, after taking office as president, Saddam Hussein purged rivals within his party, consolidating his power.

1979: Formal Ascension to Power

In 1979, following al-Bakr's resignation, Saddam Hussein formally took power, solidifying his leadership in Iraq.

1979: Countercoup Purges

In 1979, the "countercoup" purges happened. In June 1982, half of the sixteen RCC members who had survived the 1979 "countercoup" were removed from power.

1979: Islamic Revolution in Iran

In early 1979, the Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi's Pahlavi dynasty were overthrown by the Islamic Revolution in Iran, leading to an Islamic republic under Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini. Saddam Hussein feared the influence of revolutionary Shi'ite Islam spreading in Iraq.

1979: Period of Tension Between Iraq and Iran

Throughout 1979, a long period of tension between the two countries happened which resulted in war during September 1980, including frequent border skirmishes, calls by Khomeini for the Shia Muslims in Iraq to revolt against the ruling Ba'ath Party, and allegations of Iraqi support for ethnic separatists in Iran.

April 1980: Attempted Assassination of Tariq Aziz

On April 1, 1980, the Islamic Dawa Party, attempted to assassinate Tariq Aziz, Iraq's then deputy prime minister at the University of Baghdad campus, in retaliation for a 30 March decree declaring "membership of Dawa [to be] a capital offense".

September 1980: Outbreak of the Iran-Iraq War

The war in September 1980 was preceded by a long period of tension between Iraq and Iran throughout 1979 and 1980, including frequent border skirmishes. On 10 September 1980, Iraq forcibly reclaimed territories in Zain al-Qaws and Saif Saad that it had been promised under the terms of the 1975 Algiers Agreement but that Iran had never handed over.

1980: Arms Imports

Between 1980 and 1988, the Soviet Union, France, and China accounted for over 90% of the value of Iraq's arms imports during the Iran-Iraq War.

1980: Invasion of Iran

In 1980, Saddam Hussein ordered the invasion of Iran, initiating a prolonged and devastating war.

1980: Saddam receives key to Detroit

In 1980, Saddam Hussein received a ceremonial key to the city of Detroit after donating nearly half a million dollars to a local church.

1980: Women Granted Full Suffrage

In 1980, Saddam Hussein's government granted women full suffrage and the right to run for office.

1980: Beginning of the Iran-Iraq War

In 1980, the Iran-Iraq War began, during which Egypt supported Iraq, improving relations between the two countries.

1981: Israeli Attack on Iraq's Osirak Nuclear Reactor

In 1981, Israel carried out Operation Opera, a surprise attack on Iraq's unfinished Osirak nuclear reactor, with Iranian intelligence support, during the Iran-Iraq war where Israel was one of the main suppliers of military and intelligence support to Iran.

June 1982: Second Round of Purges

In June 1982, a second round of purges took place in the government, when half of the sixteen RCC members who had survived the 1979 "countercoup" were removed from power. Large numbers of Shias were removed from the regime. Later the government invited back Shi'as to held posts within the government, to gain support.

1982: Crimes Against Residents of Dujail

A few weeks later, he was charged by the Iraqi Special Tribunal with crimes committed against residents of Dujail in 1982, following a failed assassination attempt against him. Specific charges included the murder of 148 people, torture of women and children and the illegal arrest of 399 others.

1982: Soviet Union Begins Supplying Iraq

By 1982, the Soviet Union began supplying Iraq with military aid, marking a shift from its initial refusal based on neutrality in the conflict with Iran.

1982: Mukhabarat Operations at Home and Abroad

Foreign observers believed that from 1982, the Department of General Intelligence commanded by Barzan Ibrahim al-Tikriti, operated both at home and abroad in its mission to seek out and eliminate Saddam's perceived opponents.

1982: Killing of 148 Shia residents in Dujail

In 1982, 148 Shia residents in the town of Dujail were killed which led to Saddam Hussein being found guilty of crimes against humanity in November 2006.

1982: US Support

In 1982, the United States government supplied Iraq with satellite photos showing Iranian deployments, which may have played a crucial role in blocking the Iranian invasion of Iraq.

1985: Iraqi Women's Role in Society Highlighted by The New York Times

According to a report in 1985 by The New York Times: "Iraqi women, historically among the most emancipated in the Arab world, hold jobs in all the professions, dress as they please, vote and hold more than 10 percent of the seats in the National Assembly.

February 1986: Blame for Defeat

In February 1986, Saddam's government blamed the Iraqi defeat in the First Battle of al-Faw on "misinformation from the U.S."

1986: Increased Soviet Support

From 1986 to 1988, in the final years of the Iran-Iraq war, the Soviet Union actively supported Iraq, reversing its initial stance of neutrality and providing military aid.

March 1988: Halabja Chemical Attack

On 16 March 1988, the Kurdish town of Halabja was attacked with chemical weapons, including mustard gas and nerve agents. The attack killed between 3,200 and 5,000 people, and injured 7,000 to 10,000 more, primarily civilians, during the Anfal campaign.

July 1988: Iran Accepts Resolution 598

On 20 July 1988, Iran accepted Resolution 598 of the United Nations Security Council. This acceptance was largely influenced by diminished morale, economic hardship, and the success of Iraq's Tawakalna ala Allah Operations, paving the way for a ceasefire in the Iran-Iraq War.

August 1988: Ceasefire Accepted

On 20 August 1988, Iran accepted Resolution 598, signaling a ceasefire, primarily due to a combination of factors including poor morale, economic collapse, and the success of Iraq's Tawakalna ala Allah Operations. This brought the Iran-Iraq war to an end after years of hostilities.

1988: Arms Imports

Between 1980 and 1988, the Soviet Union, France, and China accounted for over 90% of the value of Iraq's arms imports during the Iran-Iraq War.

1988: Soviet Support for Iraq

By 1988, in the final years of the Iran-Iraq war (1986–1988), the Soviet Union actively supported Iraq, reversing its initial stance of neutrality and providing military aid.

1988: Culmination of the Anfal Campaign

In 1988, the Anfal campaign, led by Ali Hassan al-Majid, reached its height. This campaign, conducted between 1986 and 1989, targeted the Kurdish population and other ethnic groups in Northern Iraq, resulting in the deaths of an estimated 50,000 to 182,000 people.

1988: End of the Iran-Iraq War

The Iran-Iraq War ended in 1988, during which Egypt supported Iraq.

August 1990: Invasion of Kuwait

On 2 August 1990, Saddam Hussein invaded Kuwait, initially claiming to assist Kuwaiti revolutionaries, triggering an international crisis. By 28 August, Kuwait was formally declared the 19th Governorate of Iraq.

1990: Invasion of Kuwait

In 1990, Saddam Hussein invaded Kuwait, leading to international condemnation and the subsequent Gulf War.

1990: Economic Decline Due to Sanctions

In 1990, following the invasion of Kuwait and the imposition of United Nations sanctions, Iraq's GDP plummeted from US$44.36 billion in 1990 to US$9 billion by 1995 due to blocked Iraqi oil exports. The sanctions also restricted basic medical equipment and supplies from getting into Iraq.

January 1991: Start of Operation Desert Storm

On 16 January 1991, a U.S.-led coalition launched round-the-clock missile and aerial attacks on Iraq. This operation was backed by the Security Council and aimed to liberate Kuwait.

February 1991: Ejection from Kuwait

In February 1991, a ground force consisting largely of U.S. and British armored and infantry divisions ejected Saddam's army from Kuwait, occupying the southern portion of Iraq as far as the Euphrates.

March 1991: End of Gulf War and Cease-fire Agreement

In March 1991, the Gulf War concluded with a cease-fire agreement where Iraq agreed to dismantle its poison gas and germ weapons under UN supervision. UN trade sanctions remained until full compliance. Despite the defeat, Saddam Hussein publicly claimed victory. Bush announced a "new world order", emphasizing peace, security, freedom, and the rule of law.

1991: Iraq's Missile Campaign Against Israel

Amid the 1991 Gulf War, Iraq initiated a missile campaign against Israel.

1991: Gulf War and Uprisings

In 1991, Iraq was defeated in the Gulf War, after which Saddam Hussein's forces suppressed uprisings by Kurds and Shias.

1991: Saddam awarded Order of the Mother of Battles

In 1991, Saddam Hussein received the Order of the Mother of Battles for his role in the Gulf War against Kuwait and the United States.

1991: Saddam awarded the Order of the Two Rivers

In 1991, Saddam Hussein was awarded the Order of the Two Rivers, Iraq's highest honor, for his "historic role" and "noble services to Iraq". The award was given during his 54th birthday.

1991: End of First Premiership

In 1991, Saddam Hussein's first term as prime minister of Iraq came to an end.

1991: Gulf War

Until the Gulf War in 1991, Iraq had a more Western orientation following a crackdown on Iraqi Communists in 1978 and a shift of trade toward the West, strained Iraqi relations with the Soviet Union.

1992: Initial Offer of the Oil-for-Food Programme

In 1992, The United Nations initially offered the Oil-for-Food Programme to Iraq, which Saddam Hussein's government accepted on 9 December 1996.

June 1993: U.S. Missile Attack on Iraq's Intelligence Headquarters

On 26 June 1993, the U.S. launched a missile attack on Iraq's intelligence headquarters in Baghdad, citing violations of the "no-fly zones" and incursions into Kuwait.

1993: Greater emphasis on Islam

From 1993 through the Faith Campaign, Saddam's regime placed a greater emphasis on Islam in all sectors of Iraqi life.

1993: Initiation of the Faith Campaign

In 1993, Saddam Hussein initiated the Faith Campaign under the supervision of vice president Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri to gain support from religious communities. Some elements of Sharia law were introduced, and the phrase "Allahu Akbar" was added to the national flag in Saddam's handwriting.

1994: Return to Premiership

In 1994, Saddam Hussein began his second term as the prime minister of Iraq, a position he held until 2003.

August 1995: Raghad and Rana defect to Jordan

In August 1995, Saddam Hussein's daughters, Raghad and Rana, along with their husbands, Hussein Kamel al-Majid and Saddam Kamel al-Majid, defected to Jordan with their children.

1995: Continued Economic Hardship Under Sanctions

By 1995, Iraq's GDP had plummeted to US$9 billion due to the UN sanctions imposed after the invasion of Kuwait in 1990. Iraq had lost around US$170 billion of oil revenues, and the sanctions restricted basic-medical equipment and supplies from getting into Iraq.

1995: CIA Attempt to Assassinate Saddam Hussein

In 1995, the CIA made an attempt to assassinate Saddam Hussein, amid a decade-long effort to encourage a military coup in Iraq.

1995: Saddam's referendum results

In the 1995 referendum, Saddam Hussein reportedly received 99.96% of the votes with a 99.47% turnout.

February 1996: Kamel brothers killed after return to Iraq

In February 1996, the Kamel brothers were killed in a gunfight with clan members, just three days after returning to Iraq following assurances of a pardon from Saddam Hussein.

December 1996: Acceptance of the Oil-for-Food Programme

On 9 December 1996, Saddam Hussein's government accepted the Oil-for-Food Programme offered by the UN in 1992. This program was designed to ease the economic hardship caused by UN sanctions, which had significantly reduced Iraq's GDP since 1990.

1997: Crises over UN Access to Suspected Weapons Sites

Between 1997 and 1998, crises emerged due to Iraqi resistance to UN access to suspected weapons sites, leading to increased tensions with Western powers.

December 1998: U.S. and British Missile Strikes on Iraq

From 16–19 December 1998, the U.S. and Britain launched intensive missile strikes on Iraq, following Western charges of Iraqi resistance to U.N. access to suspected weapons sites.

1999: Suppression of Uprisings

In 1999, Saddam Hussein's forces suppressed further uprisings in Iraq, maintaining his grip on power.

May 2000: Alleged Secret Meetings with Israeli Government

In May 2000, Saddam Hussein and his representatives allegedly held secret meetings with the Israeli government, proposing to end Iraq's anti-Israel foreign policy if the issue of Palestinian refugees in Lebanon was resolved; however, this was later denied by the Iraqi government.

2000: Improved Iraqi Economy and Diplomatic Relations

By 2000, Iraq's diplomatic isolation with Arab states was diminishing, and the Iraqi economy improved, with its GDP increasing to $23.73 billion.

2000: Support for Palestinians and Establishment of Jerusalem Army

In 2000, following the outbreak of the Second Intifada, Saddam Hussein openly expressed solidarity with the Palestinians. He also established the Jerusalem Army, a volunteer force, and provided financial assistance to the families of Palestinian victims and militants, directing around 20% of Iraq's oil revenue to Palestinians.

February 2001: Increased U.S. and British Air Strikes Near Baghdad

In February 2001, after two years of intermittent activity, U.S. and British warplanes intensified their strikes on sites near Baghdad.

April 2001: Saddam's 64th birthday celebration

On April 28, 2001, Saddam Hussein marked his 64th birthday with a large, state-sponsored celebration.

2001: Call for Jihad Against Zionist Movement

In 2001, Saddam Hussein declared on Iraqi state television his support for jihad.

January 2002: Bush's "Axis of Evil" Address and Threat to Topple Iraqi Government

In January 2002, President George W. Bush delivered his state of the union address to Congress, in which he spoke of an "axis of evil" consisting of Iran, North Korea, and Iraq. Bush announced that he would possibly take action to topple the Iraqi government because of the threat of its weapons of mass destruction.

November 2002: Return of UN Weapons Inspectors to Iraq

In November 2002, following the passing of UN Security Council Resolution 1441, Saddam Hussein allowed U.N. weapons inspectors led by Hans Blix to return to Iraq. Blix found no stockpiles of WMD during the renewed inspections.

2002: Oil Supply Suspension to Western Countries

In 2002, following an Israeli offensive into Palestinian territory, Saddam Hussein stopped supplying oil to Western countries to pressure Israel to abandon its offensive, a move supported by Iran and Libya.

2002: Saddam's referendum results

In the 2002 referendum, Saddam Hussein officially achieved 100% of approval votes and 100% turnout, with all 11,445,638 eligible voters reportedly casting a "Yes" vote.

February 2003: Saddam's Interview with CBS News

On 24 February 2003, Saddam Hussein gave an interview with CBS News reporter Dan Rather, denying the possession of weapons of mass destruction. He expressed a desire for a televised debate with George W. Bush, which was declined.

March 2003: Invasion of Iraq by U.S.-Led Coalition Forces

In March 2003, the United States-led coalition forces initiated the invasion of Iraq. Within three weeks, the Iraqi government and military collapsed, and by early April, coalition forces occupied much of Iraq.

April 2003: Uncertainty Regarding Saddam's Whereabouts

In April 2003, following the fall of Baghdad, Saddam Hussein's whereabouts were unknown. He released audio tapes promoting popular resistance to his ousting.

July 2003: Deaths of Uday and Qusay Hussein

On 22 July 2003, Saddam Hussein's sons, Uday and Qusay, and his 14-year-old grandson Mustafa, were killed in a gunfight with U.S. forces in Mosul. He commemorated them as "martyrs" on radio.

August 2003: Saddam's daughters granted sanctuary in Jordan

In August 2003, Saddam Hussein's daughters, Raghad and Rana, were granted sanctuary in Jordan. They spoke with CNN and Al-Arabiya, expressing love and missing their father.

December 2003: Capture of Saddam Hussein in Operation Red Dawn

On 13 December 2003, Saddam Hussein was captured by American forces in Operation Red Dawn, found hiding in a hole near ad-Dawr, near Tikrit. US administrator Paul Bremer confirmed the capture on 14 December and presented video footage of Saddam in custody.

2003: Overthrow After American Invasion

In 2003, Saddam Hussein was overthrown following the American invasion of Iraq, ending his presidency.

2003: US-Led Invasion and Capture

In 2003, a US-led coalition invaded Iraq, leading to the toppling of Saddam Hussein's regime and his subsequent capture.

June 2004: Transfer of Saddam to Interim Iraqi Government Custody

On 30 June 2004, Saddam Hussein, along with 11 other senior Ba'athist leaders, was transferred from US custody at Camp Cropper to the interim Iraqi government to stand trial for crimes against humanity and other offences.

November 2006: Saddam found guilty and sentenced to death

In November 2006, Saddam Hussein was found guilty of crimes against humanity for the killing of 148 Shia residents in Dujail in 1982 and sentenced to death by hanging. His half-brother, Barzan Ibrahim, and Awad Hamed al-Bandar, were also convicted and sentenced to death.

December 2006: Saddam Hussein's Death

In December 2006, Saddam Hussein died, marking the end of his life as an Iraqi politician and revolutionary.

December 2006: Execution of Saddam Hussein

On 30 December 2006, Saddam Hussein was executed after being convicted of crimes against humanity by the Iraqi High Tribunal.

December 2006: Saddam Hussein executed by hanging

On December 30, 2006, Saddam Hussein was executed by hanging at Camp Justice in Baghdad. This occurred despite his request to be executed by firing squad due to his role as commander-in-chief.

December 2006: Saddam Hussein buried in Tikrit

On December 31, 2006, Saddam Hussein was buried in Al-Awja, Tikrit, Iraq, 3 km from his sons. Later, in March 2015, his tomb was reportedly destroyed, and his body was moved to a secret location.

2007: Release of "Saddam's Tribe"

In 2007, the documentary movie "Saddam's Tribe" was released, exploring Saddam Hussein's relationship with the Al-Bu Nasir tribe.

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March 2008: Tour of Saddam's Baghdad Detention Facility

In March 2008, a tour of the Baghdad detention facility where Saddam Hussein was held before his execution revealed that he was called "Vic" (Very Important Criminal) by the guards. He maintained a small garden, wrote in a journal, and composed poetry.

2008: Release of "House of Saddam" TV series

In 2008, the TV series "House of Saddam", based on his life, was released.

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March 2015: Saddam Hussein's tomb reportedly destroyed

In March 2015, Saddam Hussein's tomb was reported to have been destroyed. Before its destruction, a Sunni tribal group reportedly moved his body to a secret location.

July 2016: Donald Trump praises Saddam Hussein

In July 2016, then US presidential candidate Donald Trump praised Saddam Hussein for militant suppression and stability during his presidency in Iraq.

2024: New movie about Saddam announced

In 2024, it was announced that Irish actor Barry Keoghan will appear in a new movie about Saddam Hussein.