Daniel Barenboim is an Argentine-Israeli pianist and conductor, also holding Spanish and Palestinian citizenship. He served as the general music director of the Berlin State Opera and Staatskapellmeister of the Staatskapelle Berlin from 1992 to January 2023. Barenboim is renowned for his contributions to classical music and his efforts to promote peace through music.
Daniel Barenboim was born in November 1942. He is an Argentine-Israeli classical pianist and conductor.
Daniel Barenboim was born on 15 November 1942 in Buenos Aires, Argentina, to Jewish parents, both professional pianists.
In 1948, when Israel was founded, the informal ban continued, but from time to time unsuccessful efforts were made to end it.
In May 2004, during his Wolf Prize acceptance speech, Daniel Barenboim referred to the Israeli Declaration of Independence in 1948, expressing his opinion on the political situation.
Since the establishment of Israel in 1948, Israeli politicians have linked European anti-Semitism to the Palestinian's rejection of the state's founding. Barenboim argued that the Palestinians' primary issue was their expulsion, not anti-Semitism, highlighting that European anti-Semitism predates the partition of Palestine.
On 19 August 1950, at the age of seven, Daniel Barenboim gave his first formal concert in Buenos Aires.
In 1952, Barenboim made his international debut as a pianist in Vienna and Rome at the age of 10.
Daniel Barenboim made his first recording in 1954, focusing on music of the classical era.
In the summer of 1954, Daniel Barenboim took part in Igor Markevitch's conducting classes in Salzburg, where he met Wilhelm Furtwängler.
In 1955, Barenboim studied harmony and composition with Nadia Boulanger in Paris.
In 1955, Daniel Barenboim performed in Paris.
In 1956, Daniel Barenboim performed in London.
In 1957, Daniel Barenboim performed in New York under the baton of Leopold Stokowski.
In 1966, Daniel Barenboim made his debut as a conductor with the English Chamber Orchestra in London's Abbey Road Studios.
On 15 June 1967, Daniel Barenboim married British cellist Jacqueline du Pré in Jerusalem.
In 1967, at the start of the Six-Day War, Barenboim and Jacqueline du Pré performed for Israeli troops on the front lines, showing their support during the conflict.
In 1969, Christopher Nupen filmed Barenboim, Itzhak Perlman, Zubin Mehta, Pinchas Zukerman, and Jacqueline du Pré performing the Schubert "Trout" Quintet.
In 1973, Barenboim made his opera conducting debut with a performance of Mozart's Don Giovanni at the Edinburgh Festival.
In 1973, Jacqueline du Pré retired from music after being diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS).
In 1973, during the Yom Kippur War, Barenboim and Jacqueline du Pré performed for Israeli troops, demonstrating solidarity during wartime.
In 1974, Zubin Mehta planned to lead the Israel Philharmonic Orchestra in works of Wagner, but did not.
In 1975, Daniel Barenboim became the music director of the Orchestre de Paris.
In 1981, Barenboim made his debut at Bayreuth, where he conducted regularly until 1999.
In 1981, Zubin Mehta planned to lead the Israel Philharmonic Orchestra in works of Wagner, but did not, fist fights broke out in the audience.
In 1983, Barenboim and Elena Bashkirova had their first son, David Arthur, born in Paris.
In 1984, the minor planet 7163 Barenboim, was discovered and named in honor of Daniel Barenboim.
In 1985, Barenboim and Elena Bashkirova had their second son, Michael, born in Paris.
Jacqueline du Pré, Daniel Barenboim's wife, died in 1987.
Barenboim and Elena Bashkirova married in 1988, after keeping their relationship hidden from Jacqueline du Pré.
In 1988, Barenboim was appointed artistic and musical director of the Opéra Bastille in Paris.
In 1988, Barenboim was selected to head the production of Wagner's operas at the Bayreuth Festival.
In January 1989, Barenboim was fired from his position at the Opéra Bastille by the opera's chairman, Pierre Bergé.
In 1989, Daniel Barenboim had the Israel Philharmonic "rehearse" two of Wagner's works and publicly opposed the Israeli ban.
In 1989, Daniel Barenboim was named music director designate of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra.
In 1989, Daniel Barenboim's tenure as music director of the Orchestre de Paris concluded.
In 1990, Daniel Barenboim conducted the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra in its first appearance in Israel, excluding Wagner's works.
The Opéra Bastille was scheduled to open in 1990, after Barenboim was fired in January 1989.
In 1991, Daniel Barenboim succeeded Sir Georg Solti as the music director of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra.
In 1992, Barenboim became the general music director of the Berlin State Opera and "Staatskapellmeister" of its orchestra, the Staatskapelle Berlin.
In 1999, Daniel Barenboim and Edward Said co-founded the West-Eastern Divan Orchestra, bringing together young musicians from Israel, Palestine, and Arab countries to promote understanding and reflection.
In 1999, Daniel Barenboim concluded his regular conducting engagements at Bayreuth.
In 1999, Daniel Barenboim performed at Bir Zeit University in the West Bank, marking one of his performances in the Palestinian territories.
In 2000, the Israel Supreme Court upheld the right of the Rishon LeZion Orchestra to perform Wagner's Siegfried Idyll.
In the autumn of 2000, Daniel Barenboim was made conductor for life of the Staatskapelle Berlin.
In July 2001, strong protests led to the removal of Wagner from the Israel Festival program, after Daniel Barenboim scheduled to perform the first act of Die Walküre.
In September 2001, the Chicago Symphony Orchestra revealed that season ticket-holders were evenly divided about the wisdom of Barenboim's decision to play Wagner in Jerusalem.
In 2002, Daniel Barenboim and Edward Said jointly received the Prince of Asturias Awards for their work in promoting understanding between nations through the West-Eastern Divan Orchestra.
In 2003, Barenboim criticized Israel's actions as "morally abhorrent and strategically wrong," arguing that they endangered the state's existence.
In May 2004, Daniel Barenboim was awarded the Wolf Prize at the Israeli Knesset. However, the nomination was initially withheld by Education Minister Livnat until Barenboim addressed his performance of Wagner in Israel, leading to political tensions and a boycott by Knesset Speaker Reuven Rivlin.
In September 2005, Daniel Barenboim refused to be interviewed by an Israel Defense Forces Radio reporter in uniform, deeming it insensitive. This led to accusations of anti-Semitism from Israeli Education Minister Limor Livnat.
In 2005, Daniel Barenboim delivered the inaugural Edward Said Memorial Lecture at Columbia University, entitled "Wagner, Israel and Palestine". In his speech, he urged Israel to acknowledge the Palestinian narrative, addressed the issue of anti-Semitism, and controversially linked Israeli actions to the rise of international anti-Semitism.
In May 2006, Daniel Barenboim was named principal guest conductor of La Scala opera house in Milan.
On 17 June 2006, Daniel Barenboim's tenure as music director of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra concluded.
In November 2006, Lorin Maazel submitted Barenboim's name as his nominee to succeed him as the New York Philharmonic's music director.
Daniel Barenboim conducted the 2006 New Year's Eve concert in Buenos Aires, where tangos were played.
In 2006, Daniel Barenboim presented the BBC Reith Lectures and gave the Charles Eliot Norton Lectures at Harvard University.
In March 2007, Daniel Barenboim commented that the controversy surrounding Wagner's music in Israel was a symptom of deep-seated issues within Israeli society, indicating that the subject had become overly politicized.
In April 2007, Daniel Barenboim reiterated his lack of interest in the New York Philharmonic's music directorship.
In December 2007, Daniel Barenboim and a group of musicians had to cancel a baroque music concert in Gaza after a Palestinian musician was denied entry at the Israel-Gaza border, leading to a seven-hour wait and a decision to cancel in solidarity.
In January 2008, Daniel Barenboim accepted honorary Palestinian citizenship after performing in Ramallah, becoming the first Jewish Israeli to receive this status, intended as a gesture of peace. This decision faced criticism from some Israelis.
On 28 November 2008, Daniel Barenboim made his conducting debut at the Metropolitan Opera in New York.
In January 2009, Daniel Barenboim cancelled two concerts of the West-Eastern Divan Orchestra in Qatar and Cairo due to escalating violence in Gaza and concerns for the musicians' safety.
In 2009, Daniel Barenboim conducted the Vienna New Year's Concert of the Vienna Philharmonic for the first time.
In 2010, prior to conducting Wagner's Die Walküre at La Scala, Daniel Barenboim argued that Wagner's perception was unfairly tainted by Hitler's admiration for him, advocating for a separation of Wagner's artistic merit from the Nazi association.
In May 2011, Daniel Barenboim conducted the "Orchestra for Gaza" in Gaza City, composed of volunteers from major European orchestras. The concert, coordinated in secret with the UN, marked the first performance by an international classical ensemble in the Gaza Strip and aimed to support the Palestinian cause through non-violence.
In 2011, Daniel Barenboim became the music director of La Scala.
In July 2012, Daniel Barenboim and the West-Eastern Divan Orchestra played a significant role at the BBC Proms, performing Beethoven's symphonies, coinciding with the London 2012 Olympic Games. He also carried the Olympic flag at the opening ceremony.
In 2012, Daniel Barenboim's invitation to the Doha Festival in Qatar with the West-Eastern Divan Orchestra was cancelled due to "sensitivity to developments in the Arab world" and accusations of being a Zionist in Arab media.
In a 2012 interview with Der Spiegel, Daniel Barenboim expressed his sadness over Israel's continued refusal to allow performances of Wagner's music, viewing it as a symptom of the politicization of Holocaust remembrance. He also disputed the connection between the Holocaust and the Palestinian problem.
In November 2014, Barenboim advocated for a two-state solution in The Guardian, asserting that Israel's long-term security depends on securing the future of the Palestinian people in their own sovereign state.
In 2014, Daniel Barenboim returned to conduct the Vienna New Year's Concert.
In 2014, construction began on the Barenboim–Said Academy in Berlin, a project developed with Edward Said.
In 2015, Daniel Barenboim unveiled a new concert grand piano designed by Chris Maene, featuring straight parallel strings.
The Barenboim–Said Academy in Berlin opened its doors on 8 December 2016.
In 2017, Daniel Barenboim unveiled a new piano featuring straight-strung bass strings, inspired by Liszt's Érard piano. Developed with Chris Maene at Maene Piano, this innovation aimed to provide greater clarity and control over tonal quality.
In 2017, Sony Classical issued a box set of Barenboim's orchestral recordings on 43 CDs and three DVDs titled "Daniel Barenboim – A Retrospective".
In 2017, the Pierre Boulez Saal opened as the public face of the Barenboim–Said Academy.
In 2018, Barenboim was the subject of the French animated series Max & Maestro.
In 2019, Daniel Barenboim performed with the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra using the straight-strung piano that he had helped develop. This performance showcased the unique tonal qualities of the instrument.
In 2020, Daniel Barenboim curated the digital festival of new music "Distance / Intimacy" with flautist Emmanuel Pahud in the Pierre Boulez Saal.
In October 2022, Daniel Barenboim announced he would be reducing his conducting and other engagements for health reasons.
Daniel Barenboim conducted the Vienna New Year's Concert in 2022.
In January 2023, Barenboim resigned from his position as General Music Director of the Berlin State Opera due to health reasons.
On 6 January 2023, the Staatsoper Unter den Linden announced Barenboim's resignation as its Generalmusikdirektor, effective 31 January 2023, due to health reasons.
On 6 February 2025, Daniel Barenboim announced he has Parkinson's disease.