Jacksonville, Florida, is the most populous city proper in Florida and the seat of Duval County, with which it consolidated in 1968. It held the title of largest city by area in the contiguous U.S. as of 2020. By 2023, Jacksonville's population made it the 10th largest city in the United States.
Nationwide protests erupted, including rallies in Jacksonville, Florida, against Trump's policies. Protesters condemned Trump's policies. Photos of the protests were shared widely.
On May 3, 1901, a fire ravaged downtown Jacksonville, destroying 146 city blocks.
Few structures in the city center of Jacksonville predate the Great Fire of 1901.
In 1902, the first multi-story structure built by Henry John Klutho was the Dyal-Upchurch Building.
Many of the earliest skyscrapers in the state were constructed in Jacksonville, dating to 1902.
In 1906, the current building of St. John's Cathedral was completed. It serves as the see for the Episcopal Diocese of Florida.
Jacksonville has recorded four days with measurable snow since 1911, most recently a one-inch (2.5 cm) snowfall in December 1989, flurries in December 2010, and 1/10 of an inch (0.25 cm) of snow in January, 2025.
In 1912, the St. James Building was built on the previous site of the St. James Hotel that burned down.
Around 1916, the Walker Business College opened in Jacksonville.
Theatre Jacksonville was organized in 1919 as the Little Theatre and is one of the oldest continually producing community theaters in the United States.
In 1920, James Weldon Johnson became the first African American to lead the NAACP civil rights organization.
In 1921, the Jacksonville Karpeles Manuscript Library Museum was built in a neoclassical building on the outskirts of downtown.
In 1924, Jacksonville's Fine Arts Society was formed, marking the roots of what would become MOCA Jacksonville.
The Florida Theatre opened in 1927 in downtown Jacksonville and is one of only four remaining high-style movie palaces that were built in Florida during the Mediterranean Revival architectural boom of the 1920s.
In 1929, The Ritz Theatre opened in Jacksonville's LaVilla neighborhood.
Since 1933, the annual college football game between the Florida Gators and Georgia Bulldogs, known as the "World's Largest Outdoor Cocktail Party", has been held in Jacksonville almost yearly.
In 1934, Jacksonville University (JU) was founded as a private institution.
From 1893 to 1938, Jacksonville was the site of the Florida Old Confederate Soldiers and Sailors Home, operating a nearby cemetery.
Since 1946, the Gator Bowl has been continuously held on or around New Year's Day each year.
Beginning in 1953, tolls were charged on the Hart, Mathews, Fuller Warren and Main Street bridges to pay for bridge construction, renovations and many other highway projects.
In 1954, the classic thriller "Creature from the Black Lagoon" was partially or completely shot in Jacksonville.
In 1962, a federal court ordered the city to prepare a plan for integration of public schools, in accordance with the ruling of the Supreme Court in Brown v. Board of Education (1954).
In 1958, a study recommended the city of Jacksonville begin annexing outlying communities.
On August 27, 1960, a white mob attacked civil rights demonstrators in Hemming Park.
Between 1960 and 1965, voters outside the city limits rejected annexation plans in six referendums.
In 1960, the Jacksonville Coliseum was built, which was later replaced by the VyStar Veterans Memorial Arena.
In 1961, the Cummer Museum of Art and Gardens was founded following the death of Ninah Mae Holden Cummer, who bequeathed her art collection, house, and gardens to the museum.
In 1962, a federal court ordered the city to prepare a plan for integration of public schools.
In 1962, the Times-Union Center for the Performing Arts was originally erected as the Civic Auditorium.
On December 29, 1963, the Hotel Roosevelt fire killed 22 people.
In 1963 the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools threatened to withdraw accreditation of area schools because of instructional deficiencies.
On September 10, 1964, Hurricane Dora made landfall near St. Augustine, causing major damage.
In 1964 all 15 of Duval County's public high schools lost their accreditation.
In 1964, Hurricane Dora was the strongest storm to affect Jacksonville, hitting the First Coast with sustained hurricane-force winds. The eye crossed St. Augustine with winds of 110 mph, making it a Category 2 hurricane.
In 1964, a reconstruction of Fort Caroline was established along the St. Johns River.
Between 1960 and 1965, voters outside the city limits rejected annexation plans in six referendums.
Jacksonville Consolidation began to win more support in 1965, after passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
In 1967, 65% of voters approved the consolidation plan.
In 1967, Regency Square Mall, the oldest fully enclosed shopping mall in Jacksonville, opened in the Arlington area.
In 1967, the Alhambra Theater & Dining, originally known as the Alhambra Dinner Theatre, opened in Jacksonville.
When this Riverplace Tower was completed in 1967, it was the tallest precast, post-tensioned concrete structure in the world.
On October 1, 1968, the city and county governments merged to create the Consolidated City of Jacksonville.
As part of consolidation in 1968, the Jacksonville Police Department and Duval County Sheriff's Office merged, creating the Jacksonville Sheriff's Office (JSO).
In 1968, the City of Jacksonville consolidated with Duval County.
In 1969, the Allman Brothers Band, who defined Southern Rock, formed in Jacksonville.
In 1970, the non-Hispanic white population was 75.8% in Jacksonville.
Since 1970, the Jacksonville Jumbo Shrimp, a Triple-A baseball team, has consistently played in Jacksonville and been near the top of their league in attendance.
1 Independent Square was originally built in 1972–1974 by the Independent Life and Accident Insurance Company.
The city held the state height record from 1974 to 1981.
Since March 1977, the annual Gate River Run has been held annually in Jacksonville.
In 1977, the Florida Department of Transportation and Jacksonville's planning department took the Skyway project to the Jacksonville Transportation Authority (JTA).
The first pride parade, River City Pride, was held in Jacksonville in 1978.
In 1979, Hurricane David passed offshore Jacksonville by 40 miles, bringing winds around 95 mph to the area.
The city held the state height record from 1974 to 1981.
On January 21, 1985, the coldest temperature recorded at Jacksonville International Airport was 7 °F (−14 °C).
Since 1985, the Blessing of the Fleet has been held in March.
Tommy Hazouri supported passage of environmental regulations and reduced pollution odor during his single term as mayor, which began in 1987.
In 1988, Jacksonville voters chose to eliminate toll collection and replace the revenue with a ½ cent local sales tax increase.
In 1988, Jacksonville was used as a location for shooting "The New Adventures of Pippi Longstocking".
In 1988, the television film "Inherit the Wind" was partially or completely shot in Jacksonville.
In December 1989, Jacksonville recorded a one-inch snowfall.
In 1989, the film "Brenda Starr" was shot partially or completely in Jacksonville.
In 1989, the toll booths were removed from the bridges.
In 1990, The Avenues Mall opened on the Southside at the intersection of I-95 and U.S. 1.
In 1990, the Bank of America Tower was constructed as the Barnett Center.
In 1990, the television film "Orpheus Descending" was partially or completely shot in Jacksonville.
Since 1990, Springing the Blues, one of the oldest and largest blues festivals, has been held in Jacksonville Beach.
Ed Austin was elected as mayor in 1991.
In 1992, the Basilica of the Immaculate Conception in Jacksonville was added to the National Register of Historic Places.
Following the 1993 Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC) decision, Naval Air Station Cecil Field closed in 1999.
In 1993, Ed Austin issued the River City Renaissance program which funded urban renewal and revamped the city's historic downtown neighborhoods.
In 1993, the Catherine Street Fire Station building was relocated to Metropolitan Park.
Since 1993, the World of Nations Celebration has been held in Metropolitan Park, featuring events, food, and souvenirs from various countries.
In 1994, the Mayor and City Council of Jacksonville established the Jacksonville Housing Authority (JHA).
In 1994, the nu metal band Limp Bizkit was formed in Jacksonville, achieving national success.
Since 1994, the Gate River Run has been the U.S. National 15 kilometers road race Championship.
In 1995, John Delaney, a resident of Neptune Beach within Duval County, was elected as mayor of the city of Jacksonville.
In 1995, the television film "Saved by the Light" was partially or completely shot in Jacksonville.
In the 1995 season, the Jacksonville Jaguars joined the NFL as an expansion team, playing their home games at TIAA Bank Field.
In 1996, the Civic Auditorium underwent a major renovation and construction.
In 1996, the television film "The Babysitter's Seduction" was partially or completely shot in Jacksonville.
In 1997, Barnett Bank was acquired by NationsBank in what was the largest banking merger in U.S. history at the time.
In 1997, the films "G.I. Jane" and "The Devil's Advocate" were partially or completely shot in Jacksonville.
In 1997, the television film "First Time Felon" was partially or completely shot in Jacksonville.
In 1998, Jacksonville was used as a location for filming "Ride" and "Why Do Fools Fall in Love".
The Ritz Theatre was rebuilt and reopened in October 1999.
In 1999, Hurricane Floyd caused damage mainly to Jacksonville Beach. The Jacksonville Beach pier was severely damaged and later demolished as a result of the storm.
In 1999, the film "Forces of Nature" was partially or completely shot in Jacksonville.
Naval Air Station Cecil Field closed in 1999 following the 1993 Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC) decision.
The LaVilla Museum opened in 1999 and features a permanent display of African-American history.
After 2000, rock bands such as Fit For Rivals, Burn Season, Evergreen Terrace, Shinedown, The Red Jumpsuit Apparatus, Electric President, and Black Kids attained national attention for various hit songs and albums.
In 2000, Jacksonville had the country's tenth-largest Arab American population, with 5,751 residents as recorded in the 2000 United States Census.
In 2000, Sister Cities International awarded Jacksonville the Innovation Arts & Culture Award for its program with Nantes.
In 2000, speakers of English as a first language accounted for 90.60% of all residents of Jacksonville. Those who spoke Spanish made up 4.13% of the population.
In 2000, the Better Jacksonville Plan was approved by Jacksonville voters.
In 2000, the film "Tigerland" was partially or completely shot in Jacksonville.
In 2002, WJXT 4, a former longtime CBS affiliate, turned independent.
In 2002, service on the Silver Palm was cut back to Savannah, Georgia.
In 2002, the film "Sunshine State" was partially or completely shot in Jacksonville.
The outdated Jacksonville Coliseum, built in 1960, was demolished on June 26, 2003.
In 2003, the JAXPORT Cruise Terminal opened, offering cruise services to destinations such as Key West, the Bahamas, and Mexico.
In 2003, the Museum of Contemporary Art Jacksonville (MOCA Jacksonville) opened its current 60,000-square-foot facility next to the Main Library downtown.
In 2003, the film "Basic" was partially or completely shot in Jacksonville.
In 2004, Jacksonville was affected by Hurricane Frances and Hurricane Jeanne, which made landfall south of the area, and suffered minor damage from Tropical Storm Bonnie, which spawned a minor tornado.
In 2004, the film "The Manchurian Candidate" was partially or completely shot in Jacksonville.
In October 2016, Hurricane Matthew caused major flooding and damage to Jacksonville, Jacksonville Beach, Atlantic Beach and Neptune Beach, the first such damage in the area since 2004.
In February 2005, a $152 million project began to create a high-speed interchange at the intersection of Interstates 10 and 95.
On August 28, 2005, the Sunset Limited route was truncated at San Antonio, Texas as a result of track damage in the Gulf Coast area caused by Hurricane Katrina.
By late October 2005, service on the Sunset Limited route was restored as far east as New Orleans.
On November 12, 2005, the new Main Library opened to the public, replacing the Haydon Burns Library.
The St. Johns Town Center opened in 2005 on the south side of Jacksonville.
In 2006, the Jacksonville Axemen, a semi-professional rugby league team, was founded.
In 2006, the film "Lonely Hearts" was partially or completely shot in Jacksonville.
In fiscal year 2006, JAXPORT had 78 cruise ship sailings with 128,745 passengers.
River City Marketplace opened in 2006 on the north side of Jacksonville.
On November 9, 2007, the Jacksonville Regional Chamber of Commerce filed "Jacksonville America's Logistics Center" as a trademark.
According to Forbes magazine in 2007, Jacksonville ranked third among the top ten U.S. cities as destinations for jobs.
In 2007, TaxExemptWorld.com reported that Jacksonville had 2,910 distinct, active, tax-exempt organizations with a total income of $7.08 billion and assets of $9.54 billion.
In 2007, the film "Moving McAllister" was partially or completely shot in Jacksonville.
Until 2007, Naval Station Mayport was home to the aircraft carrier USS John F. Kennedy, known locally as "Big John".
In April 2008, the Carnival Cruise Lines ship Celebration was retired.
On September 20, 2008, the cruise ship Fascination departed from Jacksonville with 2,079 passengers.
On December 24, 2008, the major freeway interchange at I-295 and SR 202 was completed.
In 2008, Jacksonville had 2.8 million overnight visitors, who spent nearly $1 billion. The total economic impact of tourism was $1.6 billion, supporting nearly 43,000 jobs.
In 2008, Jacksonville suffered damage from Tropical Storm Fay, which crisscrossed the state, bringing parts of Jacksonville under darkness for four days. Fay damaged the Jacksonville Beach pier that was rebuilt after Floyd.
In 2008, Jacksonville was used as a location for filming "The Year of Getting to Know Us" and "The Ramen Girl".
In 2008, the television film "Recount" was partially or completely shot in Jacksonville.
In January 2009, the Navy committed to stationing a nuclear-powered carrier at Mayport, with facility enhancements projected before its arrival.
On August 4, 2009, "Jacksonville America's Logistics Center" was formally registered as a trademark. The city began promoting itself as "Jacksonville: America's Logistics Center" and added signs to the city limit markers on Interstate 95.
As of 2009, Duval County's murder rate had been the highest among Florida's counties with a population of 500,000 or more for eleven years, leading to discussions in the community.
In 2009, the film "Like Dandelion Dust" was partially or completely shot in Jacksonville.
In 2009, the television series "Safe Harbor" and the television show "American Idol" were partially or completely shot in Jacksonville.
In the 2009–2010 school year, Duval County Public Schools enrolled 123,000 students.
On May 22, 2010, Laszlo Hanyecz in Jacksonville, Florida, paid 10,000 bitcoins for two pizzas from Papa John's.
In December 2010, flurries were recorded in Jacksonville.
ARDA estimated 4,595 Hindus, 3,530 Buddhists and 650 Baháʼís in the Jacksonville area in 2010.
According to the Association of Religion Data Archives (ARDA), in 2010 the Jacksonville metropolitan area had an estimated 365,267 Evangelical Protestants, 76,100 Mainline Protestants, and 56,769 Black Protestants. There were around 1,200 Protestant congregations in various denominations.
As of 2010, Jacksonville had Florida's largest Filipino American community, with 25,033 in the metropolitan area. Many of Jacksonville's Filipino community served in or has ties to the United States Navy.
By 2010, the non-Hispanic white population declined to 55.1% in Jacksonville.
In 2010 there were 2,520 Eastern Orthodox Christians, representing four churches in the Eastern Orthodox communion, as well as congregations of Syriac Orthodox, Armenian Apostolic, Ethiopian Orthodox, and Coptic Orthodox Christians.
In 2010, 55.1% of Jacksonville's population identified as having non-Hispanic white European ancestry, with the largest groups being German (10.4%), Irish (10.2%), and English (8.8%).
In 2010, 7.7% of Jacksonville's population identified as being of Hispanic or Latino ancestry, with 2.6% identifying as Puerto Rican, 1.7% as Mexican, and 0.9% as Cuban.
In 2010, 87.1% of Jacksonville's population age five and over spoke only English at home. Spanish was spoken by 5.8% of the population.
In 2010, 9.2% of Jacksonville's population was foreign born, with 49.6% being naturalized American citizens. The largest percentage, 38.0%, were born in Latin America.
In 2010, ARDA estimated 14,886 members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and 511 Unitarian Universalists. There were an estimated 8,581 Muslims attending seven mosques and the Jewish community numbered 6,028.
In 2010, Duval County Public Schools administered 172 total schools.
In 2010, Duval County's crime rate was 5,106 per 100,000 people, according to the Florida Department of Law Enforcement. Also in 2010, Duval County's violent crime rate decreased by 9.3% from the previous year, with total crime decreasing 7.3%.
In 2010, Jacksonville's median household income was $48,829, and the median family income was $59,272. Approximately 10.5% of families and 14.3% of the population were below the poverty line.
In 2010, the Jacksonville Sharks began play in the Arena Football League.
In the 2010 United States census, Jacksonville had 821,784 people, 311,064 households, and 197,888 families.
In the 2010 edition, three of Jacksonville's high schools, Stanton College Preparatory School, Darnell-Cookman School of the Medical Arts and Paxon School for Advanced Studies regularly appear at the top of Newsweek magazine's annual list of the country's top public high schools, coming in respectively at #3, #7, and #8.
In the 2010s, urban developments led to numerous hip hop artists emerging from Jacksonville, with some signing to major labels.
In 2011, the Jacksonville Sharks were the champions of the Arena Football League's ArenaBowl XXIV.
The Murray Hill Art Center reopened in February 2012 and is operated by the Art League of Jacksonville.
In May 2013, WOKV, the dominant AM radio station and flagship station for the Jacksonville Jaguars, began simulcasting on 104.5 FM as WOKV FM.
In 2013, the Basilica of the Immaculate Conception in Jacksonville was defined as a minor basilica.
In 2014, Jacksonville was among the top large cities ranked by percentage of commuters who drove to work alone (80 percent).
In 2015, 8.3 percent of city of Jacksonville households lacked a car.
In 2015, the Jacksonville Armada FC, a soccer team, began play in the North American Soccer League (NASL).
In 2015, the television series "Ash vs Evil Dead" was partially or completely shot in Jacksonville.
In October 2016, Hurricane Matthew caused major flooding and damage to Jacksonville, Jacksonville Beach, Atlantic Beach and Neptune Beach.
According to the 2016 American Community Survey, 80 percent of city of Jacksonville residents commuted in single-occupancy vehicles.
In 2016, 8.7 percent of city of Jacksonville households lacked a car, and Jacksonville averaged 1.62 cars per household.
In September 2017, Hurricane Irma caused record-breaking floods in Jacksonville.
In 2017, Hurricane Irma passed 75 miles to the west of Jacksonville with 65 mph winds, causing severe storm surge and flooding, and exceeding the flood record of Hurricane Dora in 1964.
In 2017, Jacksonville was considered the 46th-largest local radio market in the U.S. Also after 2017, there are two radio stations that broadcast contemporary American Pop music, WAPE 95.1 and WKSL 97.9 FM (KISS FM). Also prior to 2017, the Art Walk was held at Hemming Plaza (now James Weldon Johnson Park), but was reduced in size and character and moved indoors to MOCA at UNF after 2017.
In the 2017-18 season, the Jacksonville Icemen, a minor league ice hockey team in the ECHL, began play.
Prior to 2017, the Art Walk was held at Hemming Plaza (now James Weldon Johnson Park) but after 2017, it was reduced in size and character and is now selectively held at MOCA at UNF indoors.
In 2019, the nuclear-powered carrier was projected to arrive at Mayport; however, an amphibious group was sent before the carrier.
In late 2019, SR 9B was completed, connecting I-295's southeast corner to the Bayard Area.
As of 2020, Jacksonville was the largest city by area in the contiguous United States.
In 2020, Jacksonville was recognized as the most populous city in Florida and the eleventh most populous city in the United States.
In the 2020 United States census, the population of Jacksonville was recorded as 949,611 people, living in 348,809 households, with 213,174 families.
As of July 2022, Jacksonville's population was 971,319.
In 2022, the Jacksonville Naval Museum opened with the museum ship USS Orleck as its centerpiece, giving tribute to the city's naval history.
On July 1, 2023, Donna Deegan assumed office as the mayor of Jacksonville.
As of 2023, Jacksonville was considered the 47th-largest local television market in the United States.
In 2023, Jacksonville became the 10th largest U.S. city by population.
Since 2024, the Jacksonville 95ers, a team in The Basketball League (TBL), has played at Edward Waters University.
In January 2025, Jacksonville recorded 1/10 of an inch of snow.
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