History of Moldova in Timeline

Moldova is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe, bordering Romania and Ukraine. Its area spans 33,843 km2, with a population of 2.38 million. A breakaway state, Transnistria, lies on its eastern border. Chișinău is the capital and largest city. Moldova operates as a unitary parliamentary representative democratic republic.

1917: Russian and Soviet administrative control

During the period 1917, Moldovans were influenced by Russian and Soviet administrative control as well and by ethnic Russian immigration.

1917: Bessarabia becomes an autonomous state

In 1917, during the Russian Revolution, Bessarabia briefly became an autonomous state within the Russian Republic.

February 1918: Bessarabia declares independence and integrates into Romania

In February 1918, during the Russian Revolution, Bessarabia declared its independence before integrating into Romania later that year, following a vote of its assembly.

1918: Bessarabia unites with Romania

In 1918, Bessarabia briefly became independent as the Moldavian Democratic Republic and, following the decision of the Parliament (Sfatul Țării), united with Romania.

1924: Establishment of the Moldavian Autonomous Republic

In 1924, Soviet Russia established the Moldavian Autonomous Republic within the Ukrainian SSR, on territories east of Bessarabia with a partially Moldovan population.

1940: Soviet Union reclaims Bessarabia from Romania

During the Second World War, in 1940, the Soviet Union occupied Bessarabia and reclaimed it from Romania, integrating it into the Union as the Moldavian SSR.

1940: Romania cedes Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina to the Soviet Union

In 1940, as a consequence of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, Romania was compelled to cede Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina to the Soviet Union, leading to the creation of the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic (Moldavian SSR).

1940: Establishment of Ion Creangă State Pedagogical University of Chișinău

In 1940, the Ion Creangă State Pedagogical University of Chișinău was established.

1944: Russian and Soviet administrative control

During the period 1944, Moldovans were influenced by Russian and Soviet administrative control as well and by ethnic Russian immigration.

1945: Establishment of Nicolae Testemițanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy

In 1945, the Nicolae Testemițanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy was established.

1946: Establishment of Moldova State University

In 1946, the Moldova State University was established in Chișinău.

1961: Establishment of Academy of Sciences of Moldova

In 1961, the Academy of Sciences of Moldova was established in Chișinău.

January 1963: Coldest temperature recorded

On 20 January 1963, the lowest temperature ever recorded in Moldova was −35.5 °C (−31.9 °F) in Brătușeni, Edineț county.

1964: Establishment of Technical University of Moldova

In 1964, the Technical University of Moldova was established.

1969: Earliest wines in collection

The earliest wines in the Mileștii Mici collection date to 1969.

1990: Population decline

According to Balkan Insight, the population of Moldova has fallen by almost 33% since 1990.

1990: War of Transnistria

After the 1990 War of Transnistria, Moldova sought a peaceful resolution to the conflict in the Transnistria region.

1990: Ecological Movement of Moldova founded

In 1990, the Ecological Movement of Moldova was founded to restore Moldova's damaged natural environment.

1990: Transnistria under breakaway government control

Since 1990, the territory on the east bank of the Dniester, part of Moldova, has been under the de facto control of the breakaway government of Transnistria.

August 1991: Moldavian SSR declares independence as Moldova

On 27 August 1991, amidst the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the Moldavian SSR declared independence and adopted the name Moldova.

1991: Establishment of Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova

In 1991, the Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova was established.

1991: Moldova declares independence

In 1991, the dissolution of the USSR led to Moldova declaring its independence.

1991: Independence

Since Moldova's independence in 1991, the possibility of unification with Romania has remained a popular topic.

October 1992: Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe Ratified

On October 30, 1992, Moldova ratified the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe, which establishes comprehensive limits on key categories of conventional military equipment and provides for the destruction of weapons in excess of those limits.

1992: War of Transnistria

After the 1990-1992 War of Transnistria, Moldova sought a peaceful resolution to the conflict in the Transnistria region.

1992: Moldova joins international organizations

In 1992, Moldova became a member state of the United Nations, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), the North Atlantic Cooperation Council, the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development.

1992: Transnistria close ties with Russia

Since 1992, Transnistria has pursued close diplomatic, military, and economic ties with Russia, with more than a thousand Russian soldiers stationed in the region.

1992: Independence from the Soviet Union

Since gaining independence from the Soviet Union in 1992, Moldova has transitioned to a market economy.

March 1994: Partnership for Peace

On March 16, 1994, Moldova joined the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation's Partnership for Peace.

October 1994: Accession to Non-Proliferation Treaty

In October 1994 in Washington, D.C., Moldova acceded to the provisions of the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.

1994: Moldova participates in NATO's Partnership for Peace programme

In 1994 Moldova became a participant in NATO's Partnership for Peace programme.

1994: Constitution of Moldova framework

In 1994, the Constitution of Moldova set the framework for the government of the country.

1994: Adoption of the Constitution of Moldova

In 1994, the constitution of Moldova was adopted, establishing the country as a parliamentary republic.

May 1995: Moldova signs CIS Interparliamentary Assembly Convention

In May 1995, Moldova signed the CIS Interparliamentary Assembly Convention to become a member.

July 1995: Moldova admitted to the Council of Europe

In July 1995, Moldova was admitted to the Council of Europe.

1996: Moldova joins the Francophonie

In 1996, Moldova joined the Francophonie.

1999: Access to the Danube

In 1999 Moldova acquired from Ukraine a 0.45 kilometer river frontage to the Danube, transforming the village of Giurgiulești into a river port.

2000: Constitutional change regarding the presidential election

In 2000, a constitutional change was adopted regarding the presidential election.

2001: President of Moldova elected by Parliament

Between 2001 and 2015, the President of Moldova was elected by the Moldovan Parliament, requiring the support of three-fifths of the deputies (at least 61 votes).

2001: Moldova joins the World Trade Organization

In 2001, Moldova joined the World Trade Organization.

2002: Establishment of Casa Mariorei

In 2002, Casa Mariorei was founded as a domestic violence shelter in Chișinău.

2002: Moldova joins the International Criminal Court

In 2002, Moldova joined the International Criminal Court.

2002: Moldovans in Ukraine

In 2002, the Moldovan diaspora in Ukraine numbered 258,600 people.

August 2005: Reintroduction of European bison

In August 2005, three European bison from Białowieża Forest in Poland were reintroduced to Moldova several days before Moldova's Independence Day.

2005: EU Border Assistance Mission to Moldova and Ukraine established

In 2005, the European Union Border Assistance Mission to Moldova and Ukraine (EUBAM) was established at the joint request of the presidents of Moldova and Ukraine, to assist the governments in approximating their border and customs procedures to EU standards.

2005: Guinness World Record

Mileștii Mici has retained the Guinness World Record for largest wine cellar by number of bottles since 2005.

July 2007: Hottest temperature recorded

On 21 July 2007, the highest temperature ever recorded in Moldova was 41.5 °C (106.7 °F) in Camenca.

2009: Joining of the Budapest Convention on Cybercrime

In 2009, Moldova joined the Budapest Convention on Cybercrime of the Council of Europe, establishing legislative parameters for a safer digital environment.

February 2010: Poland provides financial support for Moldova's European integration

According to a lending agreement signed in February 2010, Poland provided US$15 million as a component of its support for Moldova in its European integration efforts.

April 2010: Romania offers development aid and scholarships to Moldova

In April 2010, Romania offered Moldova development aid worth €100 million and doubled the number of scholarships for Moldovan students to 5,000.

September 2010: European Parliament approves grant to Moldova

In September 2010, the European Parliament approved a grant of €90 million to Moldova to supplement international loans and support.

2010: Moldovans in Russia

In 2010, the Moldovan diaspora in Russia numbered 156,400 people.

2011: Islamic League of Moldova Recognized

In 2011, the Islamic League of Moldova, an NGO, was recognized by the Moldovan Ministry of Justice as representing Moldovan Muslims.

March 2012: First joint meeting of the Governments of Romania and Moldova

The first joint meeting of the Governments of Romania and Moldova, held in March 2012, concluded with several bilateral agreements in various fields.

2012: Security zone incident raises tensions with Russia

In 2012, a security zone incident resulted in the death of a civilian, raising tensions with Russia.

2012: Russia decree underpinning Moldova's sovereignty

In February 2023, Russia canceled a 2012 decree underpinning Moldova's sovereignty.

2012: Border Police Status Change

The Moldovan Border Police was a military branch until 2012 when it was put under the control of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.

August 2013: Pipeline Construction Begins

In August 2013, work began on a pipeline between Moldova and Romania to break Russia's monopoly on Moldova's gas supplies.

November 2013: Drafting of the Association Agreement with the EU

In November 2013, the Association Agreement was drafted in Vilnius.

November 2013: Moldova signs association agreement with the European Union

On 29 November 2013, at a summit in Vilnius, Moldova signed an association agreement with the European Union dedicated to the European Union's 'Eastern Partnership' with ex-Soviet countries.

June 2014: Moldova signs Association Agreement with the European Union

On 27 June 2014, Moldova signed the Association Agreement with the European Union in Brussels.

November 2014: US Donates Humvees and Trailers

On November 12, 2014, the US donated to Moldovan Armed Forces 39 Humvees and 10 trailers, with a value of US$700,000, to the 22nd Peacekeeping Battalion of the Moldovan National Army to "increase the capability of Moldovan peacekeeping contingents."

2014: Eastern Orthodox Christian faith

According to the 2014 Moldovan census, 90% of the country reported to be of the Eastern Orthodox Christian faith.

2014: Urban Population

According to the 2014 census, 38,5% of the population in Moldova was urban.

2014: Gagauzians Reject EU links

In 2014, nearly 99 percent of Gagauzians voted in a referendum to reject closer links with Europe in favor of joining the Russian-led Eurasian Economic Union.

2014: Moldovan census collects language information

In 2014, the Moldovan census collected information about the languages spoken by residents in Moldova for the first time.

2015: Scholarships and kindergartens

As of 2015, Romania allocated 5,000 scholarships in high schools and universities for Moldovan students. Romania also funded a programme to renovate and equip kindergartens.

2015: President of Moldova elected by Parliament

Between 2001 and 2015, the President of Moldova was elected by the Moldovan Parliament, requiring the support of three-fifths of the deputies (at least 61 votes).

2015: Agricultural production

Between 2015 and 2022, agricultural production in Moldova has almost doubled, particularly in vegetable and fruit production.

2015: Military agreement with Romania

In 2015, Moldova signed a military agreement with Romania to strengthen regional security. The agreement is part of Moldova's strategy to reform its military and cooperate with its neighbours.

2015: Irina Vlakh elected governor

In 2015, just over half of Gagauzians voted for the Russian-backed socialist candidate Irina Vlakh as governor.

2015: GDP per capita

In 2015, the GDP per capita in Moldova was $2,749 (USD).

March 2016: Constitutional Court reverts presidential election method

On 4 March 2016, the Constitutional Court ruled that the constitutional change adopted in 2000 regarding the presidential election was unconstitutional, thus reverting the election method of the president to a two-round system direct election.

December 2016: Parliament approves raising retirement age

On 19 December 2016, the Moldovan parliament approved raising the retirement age to 63 years from 57 for women and 62 for men as part of an assistance programme agreed with the International Monetary Fund.

2016: Adoption of the National Cyber Security Programme

Moldova adopted the National Cyber Security Programme for 2016–2020, establishing legislative parameters for a safer digital environment.

2016: Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights recommendation

The Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights issued a recommendation on hate crimes in 2016.

2018: Primary energy supply

In 2018, Moldova's primary energy supply was about half natural gas, a quarter oil, and solid biomass at one-fifth.

2018: Deaths exceeded live-births

Since 2018, the number of deaths has exceeded the levels of live-births in Moldova.

2019: Children per women of childbearing age

As of 2019, the average number of children per women of childbearing age in Moldova was 1.78.

2019: Talks with Belarus regarding bison exchange programme

In 2019, Moldova began talks with Belarus regarding a bison exchange programme between the two countries to expand their wisent population.

2019: Number of non-resident tourists

In 2019, Moldova had 31,000 non-resident tourists.

2019: Healthcare Spending

In 2019, Moldova spent 4.9% of its annual GDP on health care.

2019: Moldovans in Italy and France

In 2019, the Moldovan diaspora in Italy numbered 188,923 people, and in France there were 26,300.

2019: Leading causes of death

In 2019, the leading causes of death in Moldova were Ischaemic heart disease, strokes, hypertensive heart disease, cirrhosis of the liver, and trachea, bronchus, and lung cancers.

2019: Fertility and Birth Rates

In 2019, the total fertility rate per woman in Moldova was 1.78, and there were 12.2 live births per 1,000 inhabitants.

2019: Forest Landscape Integrity Index score

Moldova had a 2019 Forest Landscape Integrity Index mean score of 2.2/10, ranking it 158th globally out of 172 countries.

2019: 5G testing

Moldova is considering a bid to begin rolling out 5G in 2024, with testing beginning in 2019.

November 2020: Maia Sandu elected President of Moldova

In November 2020, Maia Sandu, the pro-European opposition candidate, was elected as the new president of the republic, becoming the first female elected president of Moldova.

2020: Corruption Perceptions Index and Press Freedom Index

According to Transparency International, Moldova's Corruption Perceptions Index in 2020 was 34 points. Reporters Without Borders rated Moldova's Press Freedom Index ranking at 89th in 2020.

2020: Maia Sandu elected President of Moldova

In 2020, Maia Sandu, running on a pro-Western and anti-corruption platform, was elected as the President of Moldova.

2020: Net emigration low

In 2020, net emigration from Moldova fell to a low of 7,000 people.

2020: Moldovans in Romania

In 2020, the Moldovan diaspora in Romania numbered 285,000 people.

2020: Infant Mortality Rate

In 2020, the infant mortality rate in Moldova was 8.7 per 1,000 live births.

2020: Government Resignation and Failure to Form New Government

In 2020, the prime minister and government resigned, and the president and parliament failed to form a new government, leading to early parliamentary elections.

2020: End of the National Cyber Security Programme

Moldova's National Cyber Security Programme for 2016-2020 ended in 2020.

July 2021: Early parliamentary elections held

Early parliamentary elections were held in July 2021 after the prime minister and government resigned in 2020 and the president and parliament failed to form a new government.

2021: Russia's FSB's plan to destabilise Moldova

A document written in 2021 by the Russia's FSB's Directorate for Cross-Border Cooperation, titled "Strategic objectives of the Russian Federation in the Republic of Moldova" sets out a 10-year plan to destabilise Moldova, using energy blackmail, and political/elite sources in Moldova that are favourable to Russia and the Orthodox Church.

2021: Agriculture exports and employment

As of 2021, agriculture made up 12% of Moldova's overall exports and 21% of overall employment.

2021: Hate crime statistics

In 2021, 8 hate crimes were recorded, 7 of which reached a successful conviction, with one going to prosecution but without a conviction.

2021: Wine Exports

In 2021, Moldova exported $140 million in wine and became the 21st largest exporter of wine in the world, with wine exports being the country's fifth largest export.

2021: GDP growth rebounded

In 2021, following the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent lockdowns, annual GDP growth in Moldova rebounded to 13.9%.

2021: Moldovans in Canada

In 2021, the Moldovan diaspora in Canada numbered 20,470 people.

2021: Reduced gap between deaths and births

Since 2018, the number of deaths has exceeded the levels of live-births, though the gap has been reduced since 2021 in Moldova.

March 2022: Moldova applies for EU membership

In March 2022, Moldova officially signed its membership application to join the European Union.

May 2022: Incitement to religious and ethnic hatred made illegal

In May 2022, incitement to religious and ethnic hatred was made illegal in Moldova.

June 2022: Moldova granted EU candidate status

In June 2022, under the presidency of Maia Sandu, Moldova was granted candidate status for membership in the European Union.

June 2022: Adoption of Amendments to the Criminal Code

Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights' 2016 recommendations on hate crimes were "largely reflected in amendments to the Criminal Code adopted by the Moldovan Parliament and published on 3 June 2022".

July 2022: Internet users in Moldova

By July 2022, there were more than 3 million internet users in Moldova, constituting some 76% of the population.

August 2022: Starlink launched in Moldova

Starlink launched in Moldova in August 2022.

October 2022: Outdated equipment

In October 2022, Defense Minister Anatolie Nosatii claimed that 90 percent of the country's military equipment is outdated and of Soviet origin, dating back to the 1960s and 1980s.

October 2022: Meeting with the European Union

In a meeting with the European Union in October 2022, EU representatives "welcomed positive developments in Moldova such as the ratification of the Istanbul Convention on preventing and combating violence against women, the adoption of legislation on hate crime, and the ongoing work to reform the Electoral Code.

2022: Survey on unification with Romania

A 2022 survey during the Russian invasion of Ukraine indicated that only 11% of Romania's population supports an immediate union with Moldova, while over 42% think it is not the moment.

2022: Healthcare Statistics

According to 2022 official data, Moldova has 48.4 doctors and 91 units of average medical staff per 10,000 inhabitants. 53% of those aged 16 and over in urban areas described their own health as 'good' or 'very good'.

2022: Amnesty International report

According to Amnesty International's 2022/23 report, "No visible progress was made in reducing instances of torture and other ill-treatment in detention. Impunity continued for past human rights violations by law enforcement agencies. New "temporary" restrictions on public assemblies were introduced.

2022: Human Rights Report of the United States Department of State

According to Human Rights Report of the United States Department of State, released in 2022, "While authorities investigated reports of human rights abuses and corruption committed by officials, the process was slow and burdensome.

2022: Improved Corruption Perception Index and Press Freedom Index

According to Transparency International, Moldova's Corruption Perceptions Index improved to 39 points in 2022 from 34 in 2020. Reporters Without Borders improved Moldova's Press Freedom Index ranking from 89th in 2020 to 40th in 2022.

2022: Religious Demographics

As of 2022, approximately 7% of the non-Orthodox population in Moldova identifies with no religion. Baptists, Jehovah's Witnesses, and Pentecostals number between 15,000 and 30,000 each.

2022: GDP per capita and Inflation

As of 2022, the GDP per capita in Moldova reached $5,562, unemployment remained low at 2.3%, but inflation dramatically increased to 28.7% due to the energy crisis.

2022: Life Expectancy and Fertility

As of 2022, the average life expectancy in Moldova was 71.5 years. The total fertility rate per woman was 1.69, and there were 10.6 live births per 1,000 inhabitants.

2022: Population density and life expectancy

As of 2022, the country's population density is 82.8 inhabitants per 1 km, and average life expectancy was 71.5 years (67.2 for males, and 75.7 for females).

2022: Agricultural production

Between 2015 and 2022, agricultural production in Moldova has almost doubled, particularly in vegetable and fruit production.

2022: Net emigration rises

By 2022, net emigration from Moldova rose to 43,000 people.

2022: Emigration and Fertility Rates

In 2022, 43,000 more people left the country than came and the average number of children per women of childbearing age was 1.69.

2022: Importing electricity from Romania begins

In 2022, Moldova began importing electricity from Romania, eliminating the need to buy electricity generated from Russian gas in Transnistria.

2022: Moldova submits application to join the EU

In 2022, Moldova pursued closer ties with the European Union, submitting a formal membership application.

2022: Russia's invasion of Ukraine

In 2022, Russia's invasion of Ukraine created difficulties, as Transnistria's position and its hosting of Russian soldiers posed a potential threat to Ukraine's war efforts.

2022: Moldovans in Germany

In 2022, the Moldovan diaspora in Germany numbered 122,000 people.

2022: Overall Number of Deaths

In 2022, the overall number of deaths in Moldova fell by 20.5% compared to 2021, diseases of the circulatory system (58%), cancerous tumours (15.8%), diseases of the digestive tract (7.5%), external causes (4.8%), and other causes (13.9%).

2022: Increase in foreign visitors

In the first quarter of 2022, Moldova saw more foreign visitors than pre-pandemic, going from 31,000 non-resident tourists in 2019 to 36,100.

February 2023: Russia cancels decree underpinning Moldova's sovereignty

In February 2023, Russia canceled a 2012 decree underpinning Moldova's sovereignty.

February 2023: Law against separatism

On February 2, 2023, Moldova passed a law introducing criminal penalties for separatism, including prison terms.

March 2023: Mission aims

A memorandum dated March 29, 2023, stated that the mission aims at "enhancing the resilience of Moldova's security sector in the area of crisis management as well as enhancing resilience to hybrid threats, including cybersecurity, and countering foreign information manipulation and interference".

March 2023: Romanian becomes the only official language

As of March 2023, Romanian became the only official language of Moldova, with references to the Moldovan language in the constitution and legal bills being amended to refer to Romanian.

April 2023: Armed Forces Modernisation Needed

In April 2023, Valeriu Mija, Secretary of State for Defence Policy and National Army Reform in the Defence Ministry, claimed that Moldova needed $275 million to modernise its armed forces.

April 2023: EU Partnership Mission Created

On April 24, 2023, the European Union created a Partnership Mission in Moldova through its Common Security and Defence Policy.

May 2023: Moldova suspends participation in the Commonwealth of Independent States

In May 2023, the Moldovan government announced the immediate suspension of its participation in the Commonwealth of Independent States.

June 2023: Military equipment from Poland

In June 2023, Poland sent a transport of military equipment worth €8 million (including drones, laptops, explosive ordnance disposal equipment, and ultrasound equipment) to the Moldovan police to increase the country's internal security.

June 2023: LGBT Pride parade

On June 18, 2023, some 500 LGBT activists and supporters held a Pride parade in the capital city of Chișinău which for the first time needed no heavy police cordons to protect them from protesters largely linked to the Orthodox church.

June 2023: EU support and investment

On June 28, 2023, the European Union announced a €1.6 billion support and investment programme for Moldova. Reductions in the price of mobile data and voice roaming charges in Moldova by European and Moldovan telecoms operators, as well as Moldova joining the EU's joint gas purchase platform were also confirmed.

June 2023: Moldova no longer imports from Russia

As of June 2023, Moldova no longer imports oil or natural gas from Russia and has been granted access to the European Union's joint gas purchasing platform.

July 2023: Gagauzia Leader Thanks Ilan Shor

In July 2023, Evghenia Guțul, the local leader of Gagauzia, thanked Ilan Shor for his personal and financial support and expressed a desire for deeper diplomatic ties with Russia.

July 2023: Moldova withdraws from the CIS Interparliamentary Assembly

In July 2023, Moldova passed a legislation removing it from membership in the CIS Interparliamentary Assembly.

July 2023: Network of seed libraries created

In July 2023, a network of 20 seed libraries comprising over 1,000 seeds were created across Moldova to improve local agricultural biodiversity, climate resilience, and the capacity of local government and farmers to respond effectively to changing environmental conditions.

July 2023: Moldova expels Russian diplomats due to hostile actions

In July 2023, the Moldovan government expelled 45 Russian diplomats and embassy staff due to "hostile actions" intended to destabilise the Republic of Moldova.

December 2023: EU Accession Talks Begin

Accession talks between Moldova and the European Union officially began on 13 December 2023.

2023: Fastest and least expensive internet

As of 2023, Internet in Moldova is among the fastest and least expensive in the world.

2023: Freedom House Ranking

Freedom House ranked Moldova as a "partly free" country with a score of 62/100 in 2023.

2023: Moldova's Human Development Index ranking

In 2023, Moldova ranked 86th in the world in terms of the Human Development Index.

2023: IMF predicts economy will improve

The IMF predicts that in 2023 the economy in Moldova will improve from a 1.5% contraction to a growth of 1.5%.

January 2024: Estimated population of Moldova

As of 1 January 2024, Moldova has an estimated population of approximately 2,423,300.

November 2024: Maia Sandu re-elected as President of Moldova

In November 2024 presidential election, President Maia Sandu was re-elected with 55% of the vote in the run-off.

November 2024: EU Referendum and presidential elections

In November 2024, Moldova held a referendum on joining the EU, where a narrow 50.17% voted "yes". Maia Sandu alleged "unprecedented" outside interference. Sandu received 42% in the simultaneous presidential election, while her rival, Alexandr Stoianoglo, garnered 26%, leading to a run-off on 3 November 2024.

2024: EU Referendum

A referendum on joining the EU is planned for autumn 2024, there will be no voting stations in Transnistria, however residents there will be free to travel into other areas of Moldova to vote, should they wish to.

2024: Ethnic composition

According to the 2024 national census, ethnic Moldovans made up approximately 77% of the country's population.

2024: Moldova's Global Innovation Index ranking

As of 2024, Moldova ranks 68th in the world on the Global Innovation Index.

2024: 5G rollout consideration

Moldova is considering a bid to begin rolling out 5G in 2024, with testing beginning in 2019.

2024: National census of Moldova

The most recent national census of Moldova was carried out in 2024 (not including Transnistria).

2024: Results of the 2024 census

The results of the 2024 census indicated that Moldovan was the mother tongue of 49.2% of the population, Romanian 31.3%, and Russian 11.1%, among other languages.

January 2025: New legislation goes into effect

New cybersecurity legislation in Moldova, partially drafted by the Moldova Cybersecurity Rapid Assistance Unit, will go into effect on 1 January 2025.