Michael Richard Pence is an American politician and lawyer who served as the 48th Vice President of the United States from 2017 to 2021 under President Donald Trump. A Republican, he was the 50th Governor of Indiana from 2013 to 2017. Prior to that, he served as a U.S. Representative for Indiana from 2001 to 2013.
In 1953, Pence's father received the Bronze Star while serving in the U.S. Army during the Korean War.
On June 7, 1959, Michael Richard Pence was born. He is an American politician and lawyer who served as the 48th vice president of the United States.
In 1976, Pence volunteered for the Bartholomew County Democratic Party.
In 1977, Pence graduated from Columbus North High School.
In the spring of 1978, at a Christian music festival in Asbury, Kentucky, Pence made a "commitment to Christ."
In 1981, Pence earned a Bachelor of Arts in history from Hanover College.
In January 2009, Pence was the first representative from Indiana to hold a House leadership position since 1981.
From 1981 to 1983, after graduating from Hanover, Pence worked as an admissions counselor at the college.
In 1985, Mike Pence married Karen (née Batten) after meeting her while he was in law school at Indiana University.
In 1986, Pence earned a Juris Doctor from the Robert H. McKinney School of Law at Indiana University–Purdue University Indianapolis.
In 1986, after graduating from law school, Pence began working as an attorney in private practice.
In 1988, Pence unsuccessfully bid for a seat in the House of Representatives.
In 1988, Pence's father passed away, leaving his mother a widow with four adult children and two teenagers.
Shortly after his first congressional campaign in 1988, radio station WRCR-FM hired Pence to host a weekly half-hour radio show, Washington Update with Mike Pence.
During the 1990 campaign, Pence ran a television advertisement that was considered controversial.
In 1990, Pence ran for the House a second time but lost, leading him to quit his job to focus on the campaign.
In 1991, Pence apologized for running negative ads against Sharp and vowed to refrain from using insulting speech in the future.
In 1992, Pence began hosting a daily talk show on WRCR, The Mike Pence Show, in addition to a Saturday show on WNDE in Indianapolis.
In 1993, Pence stepped down as president of the Indiana Policy Review Foundation, a position he held since 1991.
Beginning on April 11, 1994, Network Indiana syndicated The Mike Pence Show statewide, reaching as many as 18 radio stations in Indiana.
In 1994, Pence became a conservative radio talk show host.
In 1994, Pence called himself Catholic in a news piece.
In November 2006, Pence's announcement focused on a "return to the values" of the Newt Gingrich-headed 1994 Republican Revolution.
By 1995, Pence and his family had joined an evangelical megachurch, the Grace Evangelical Church.
From 1995, Pence also hosted a weekend public affairs TV show likewise titled The Mike Pence Show on Indianapolis TV station WNDY.
In 1997, the EPA first identified the site of several former lead smelting plants in East Chicago as a health concern.
In 1999, Pence ended his radio and television shows to focus on his 2000 campaign for Congress.
In 1999, the City of Gary filed a lawsuit against gun manufacturers and retailers that allegedly made illegal sales of handguns, but the lawsuit was retroactively terminated due to Senate Bill 98 that Pence signed into law in May 2015.
In 2000, Al Gore presided over his own defeat. Pence was inspired by Al Gore presiding over his own defeat twenty years earlier during the 2000 presidential election, when Pence was a newly-elected member of Congress.
In 2000, Pence focused on his campaign for Congress, which he eventually won.
In 2000, Pence was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives, representing Indiana's 2nd congressional district.
In 2001, during his first year in office, Pence opposed President George W. Bush's No Child Left Behind Act.
During an interview in 2002, Pence stated that he would not have dinner alone with a woman other than his wife.
In 2002, Pence stated on the House of Representatives floor that he believes that only the theory of intelligent design provides a rational explanation for the known universe.
In 2002, The 2nd congressional district was renumbered the 6th.
In 2003, Pence opposed President Bush's Medicare prescription drug expansion.
On May 1, 2004, Pence's mother remarried to Basil Coolidge Fritsch.
From 2005 to 2007, Pence was chairman of the Republican Study Committee.
In November 2006, Pence announced his candidacy for leader of the Republican Party (minority leader) in the United States House of Representatives.
In 2006, Pence defeated Democrat Barry Welsh in the House election and was re-elected.
From 2005 to 2007, Pence was chairman of the Republican Study Committee.
In 2008, Esquire magazine listed Pence as one of the ten best members of Congress.
In 2008, Pence defeated Democrat Barry Welsh in the House election and was re-elected again.
In January 2009, Pence was elected as the Republican Conference chairman.
In 2009, parts of East Chicago were found to have toxic lead and arsenic contamination and were designated as a Superfund site.
In 2009, the Indiana Gateway project, which was a $71.4 million passenger and freight rail improvement initiative, was paid for by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act.
In 2009, when asked if he believed in evolution, Pence stated that he believes that God created the heavens and the earth.
In September 2010, Pence was the top choice for president in a straw poll conducted by the Values Voter Summit.
In 2010, Pence defeated Democrat Barry Welsh in the House election and was re-elected for a fourth time.
Since 2010, before Pence assumed office, Indiana has maintained AAA credit ratings with the three major credit-rating agencies. These ratings were upheld throughout Pence's tenure as governor.
In May 2011, Pence announced that he would be seeking the Republican nomination for governor of Indiana in 2012.
In 2011, Planned Parenthood operated five rural clinics in Indiana, providing HIV testing, prevention, intervention, and counseling. The clinic in Scott County performed no abortions.
In 2008 and 2012, Pence was mentioned as a possible Republican candidate for president.
On January 14, 2013, Pence was sworn in as the 50th governor of Indiana.
On June 12, 2013, the Indiana Legislature overrode Governor Pence's veto of a bill retroactively authorizing a local tax, known as the Jackson–Pulaski tax fix. The bill addressed a county income tax used to fund jail facilities, where a legally required tax reduction had not been implemented. Republican legislators largely voted against Pence, while most Democrats supported his veto.
In June 2013, Mike Pence faced criticism for deleting comments posted by others on his official government Facebook page, which led to an apology.
As of January 20, 2021, Pence had not owned a residence in Indiana since 2013, having lived in the governor's mansion and then the vice president's residence in Washington.
In 2013, Mike Pence prioritized tax reform, specifically a ten percent income-tax rate cut. Although the ten percent cut was not achieved, state taxes were successfully cut by five percent, and the inheritance tax was eliminated. The legislative package was described as the "largest tax cut in our state's history, about $1.1 billion dollars".
In 2013, Pence said his family was "kind of looking for a church".
In 2013, Pence signed a law blocking local governments in Indiana from requiring businesses to offer higher wages or benefits beyond those required by federal law.
In 2013, legislation signed into law by Pence greatly increased the number of students in Indiana who qualify for school vouchers, making it one of the largest voucher programs in the United States.
In 2013, the Republican-controlled legislature and Pence defunded Planned Parenthood, resulting in Scott County being without an HIV testing center since 2013.
Beginning in December 2014, Southern Indiana experienced an HIV outbreak.
In 2014, Indiana's economy was among the slowest-growing in the United States, with 0.4 percent GDP growth, compared to the national average of 2.2 percent; this was attributed in part to a sluggish manufacturing sector.
In 2014, Pence helped establish a $10 million state preschool pilot program in Indiana. He also testified before the state Senate Education Committee to convince fellow Republicans to approve the plan, successfully reviving it after initial defeat, addressing Indiana's status as one of the few states without direct funds for poor children's preschool. Demand for the program far exceeded capacity, and Pence initially declined to apply for federal funding due to concerns about federal intrusion, but later reversed course after facing criticism.
In 2014, Pence opposed the Common Core State Standards Initiative and called for its repeal in his State of the State address. The Indiana General Assembly subsequently passed a bill to repeal the standards, making Indiana the first state to do so.
In 2014, Pence signed a bill allowing firearms to be kept in vehicles on school property, despite opposition from Indiana school organizations.
In 2014, Pence supported the Indiana Gateway project, a $71.4 million passenger and freight rail improvement initiative funded by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, despite having voted against the stimulus package as a congressman.
In January 2015, as governor, Pence proposed a balanced budget amendment to the state's constitution during his State of the State address. The legislation subsequently passed the state Senate.
On January 26, 2015, reports surfaced about Mike Pence's plan to launch "JustIN", a state-run, taxpayer-funded news service for Indiana. This service aimed to provide breaking news and pro-administration content to smaller newspapers, with potential implications for Pence's public image.
In March 2015, well after the HIV outbreak began, Pence allowed at least five counties to open needle exchanges, but did not lift the state ban on funding for such programs.
On March 26, 2015, Mike Pence signed Indiana Senate Bill 101, known as the Religious Freedom Restoration Act (RFRA), into law. This action was lauded by religious conservatives but drew criticism from those who believed it could enable discrimination against LGBT individuals. Organizations like the NCAA and businesses such as Apple and Salesforce voiced opposition, with Angie's List cancelling a planned expansion due to concerns over the law. Thousands protested the policy, and some Republican figures also criticized it.
On March 31, 2015, Mike Pence defended the Religious Freedom Restoration Act (RFRA) in a Wall Street Journal op-ed, asserting it did not permit discrimination and that he would veto any bill legalizing discrimination. He stated he would not support businesses that refused to serve gay couples.
On April 2, 2015, following backlash against the Religious Freedom Restoration Act (RFRA), Mike Pence signed legislation revising the law to include protections against potential discrimination. This action followed his previous defense of the initial law and aimed to address concerns raised about its potential impact on LGBT individuals.
In May 2015, Pence signed Senate Bill 98 into law, limiting lawsuits against gun and ammunition manufacturers and sellers, and retroactively terminating the City of Gary's lawsuit against gun manufacturers.
In May 2015, Pence signed a bill stripping Superintendent Glenda Ritz of much of her authority over standardized testing and other education issues, reconstituting the State Board of Education with Pence appointees.
In October 2015, Pence announced plans to pay off a $250 million federal loan used to cover unemployment insurance payments that had increased during the recession.
In December 2015, Mike Pence stated that "calls to ban Muslims from entering the U.S. are offensive and unconstitutional".
In 2015, Pence and the Obama administration agreed to expand Medicaid in Indiana, creating the Healthy Indiana Plan 2.0, which included co-payments linked to healthy behaviors. Participants could lose benefits for non-payment, with contributions around 2% of income.
In 2015, Pence secured significant increases in charter-school funding through legislation, although not everything he proposed was achieved.
In 2015, Pence signed the repeal of an Indiana law that required construction companies working on publicly funded projects to pay a prevailing wage.
In 2015, Pence voiced strong support for the coal industry, declaring Indiana a "pro-coal state." He also sent a letter to President Obama denouncing the EPA's Clean Power Plan and announced Indiana would refuse to comply, joining a lawsuit to invalidate the plan.
In February 2016, a federal judge ruled that Mike Pence's order to cut off federal funds to a non-profit refugee resettlement agency was unconstitutional. This ruling followed Pence's attempt to prevent Syrian refugees from being resettled in Indiana.
In March 2016, Pence signed legislation to fund a $230 million two-year road-funding package.
On May 3, 2016, Mike Pence ran unopposed in the Republican primary for a second term as governor of Indiana.
On July 15, 2016, Mike Pence ended his campaign for governor of Indiana after Donald Trump announced him as his vice presidential running mate. Lieutenant Governor Eric Holcomb was nominated in his place.
By August 2016, Pence's Indiana Economic Development Corporation had paid out $8.7 million in incentives to companies that sent jobs abroad.
On October 7, 2016, after the surfacing of lewd comments made by Donald Trump in 2005, Mike Pence stated that he did not condone the remarks but would stand by Trump. He also declined to appear at a joint campaign event with Paul Ryan.
On October 10, 2016, Mike Pence appeared on CNN and stated that rumors of him leaving the ticket were false and that it was the "greatest honor of my life" to be nominated as Trump's running mate.
During the preparations for the vice presidential debate in October 2016, Scott Walker played the role of Tim Kaine, while Robert Barnett played Pence in Kaine's prep. After the debate, experts concluded that Pence won against Kaine.
On November 8, 2016, Mike Pence was elected Vice President of the United States as Donald Trump's running mate.
In 2016, House speaker Paul Ryan described Pence as a "principled conservative".
In 2016, Mike Pence was diagnosed with asymptomatic left bundle branch block.
In 2016, Mike Pence's personal AOL email account, which he used for official business as governor, was compromised by hackers. This led to fraudulent emails being sent in an attempt to obtain money from his contacts. The use of a personal email account for state business raised concerns, particularly in light of Pence's criticism of Hillary Clinton's use of a private email server.
In 2016, Pence and his wife regularly worshiped at College Park Church, a nondenominational church in Indianapolis.
In 2016, Pence signed Senate Bill 109 into law, legalizing the captive hunting of farm-raised deer.
In 2016, Pence stated that Indiana would continue to defy the EPA's Clean Power Plan, even if legal challenges failed, and would not develop its own plan to reduce emissions.
In 2016, the annual cost of the school voucher program that was expanded greatly by legislation signed into law by Pence was estimated to be $53 million.
On January 20, 2017, Mike Pence became the 48th Vice President of the United States, sworn into office by Justice Clarence Thomas.
On January 22, 2017, Mike Pence administered the oath of office to the White House senior staff.
On February 5, 2017, Vice President Mike Pence warned Iran "not to test the resolve" of the new Trump administration following their ballistic missile tests.
On February 7, 2017, Mike Pence, in his role as President of the Senate, cast his first tie-breaking vote to confirm Betsy DeVos as Secretary of Education.
In March 2017, after Mike Pence became vice president, the State of Indiana released 29 emails to media outlets from his personal AOL account. However, an undisclosed number of emails were withheld, citing exemptions from public disclosure. This sparked further discussion and debate regarding his use of a personal email account while in office.
In May 2017, Mike Pence filed paperwork to create the Great America Committee, a political action committee (PAC), while still in office as Vice President.
On May 21, 2017, Mike Pence delivered the commencement address at the University of Notre Dame, taking the place of President Trump.
On June 30, 2017, Mike Pence was appointed as chair of the National Space Council after President Trump reestablished the council.
On October 8, 2017, Mike Pence walked out of an Indianapolis Colts vs. San Francisco 49ers NFL game after 49ers players knelt during the national anthem. He stated this was out of respect for soldiers, the flag, and the anthem, sparking criticism and accusations of a publicity stunt. The cost of his travel on Air Force Two to the game on October 8, 2017, was estimated at $242,500.
In early 2017, Indiana submitted an application to renew Healthy Indiana, but National Public Radio/Side Effects Public Media claimed the application used misleading and inaccurate information.
Starting in 2017, the State Board of Education, dominated by Pence appointees, was allowed to appoint a chairman other than the Superintendent of Public Instruction, further shifting control over education matters.
On February 1, 2018, it was announced that Mike Pence would lead the presidential delegation to the 2018 Winter Olympics alongside his wife.
In April 2018, the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit ruled H.B. 1337, an Indiana abortion bill signed into law by Mike Pence in March 2016, as unconstitutional. This bill had banned abortions based on the fetus's race, gender, or abnormality and required fetal remains to be buried or cremated.
In October 2018, Mike Pence delivered a speech at the Hudson Institute, accusing China of predatory economic practices, military aggression, election meddling, surveillance, and debt-trap diplomacy, which was described as signaling a new Cold War.
In 2018, Pence's older brother, Greg, won the political race to represent Indiana's 6th congressional district.
In 2018, Vice President Mike Pence cast a tie-breaking vote to confirm Jonathan A. Kobes for the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit. This was the first tie-breaking vote to confirm a judicial nominee in U.S. history.
In June 2019, Andrew Stein suggested that Trump could improve his re-election chances by replacing Mike Pence as his running mate with Nikki Haley, but Trump stated that Pence would remain his running mate.
In September 2019, while attending official meetings in Dublin, Ireland with the Irish prime minister, Mike Pence stayed at President Trump's resort in Doonbeg, which is 180 miles (290 km) away, incurring significant transportation costs.
In January 2020, Mike Pence defended President Trump's decision to assassinate Qasem Soleimani, promoting conspiracy theories linking al-Qaeda to Iran and claiming Soleimani was responsible for killing thousands of Americans, assertions that drew criticism and were deemed unsubstantiated by experts.
In February 2020, Mike Pence defended debt- and deficit-spending as a measure to stimulate economic growth.
On February 26, 2020, President Trump appointed Mike Pence to lead the White House Coronavirus Task Force to combat the spread of COVID-19 in the U.S.
In April 2020, Mike Pence visited the Mayo Clinic and did not wear a face mask, despite the hospital's policy, stating he needed to look staff "in the eye". This action led to criticism for promoting irresponsible public health messaging.
In late June 2020, Mike Pence gave an optimistic press briefing where he made several misleading and false claims about the state of the coronavirus pandemic, including arguing that surges in cases were the result of increased testing and falsely claiming that fatalities were declining all across the country.
On October 7, 2020, Mike Pence participated in a debate with Kamala Harris in Salt Lake City, Utah. The debate included plexiglass partitions and mask requirements due to COVID-19 concerns. A CNN poll indicated that 59% of registered voters believed Harris won the debate, compared to 38% for Pence. During the debate on October 7, 2020, a fly landed on Pence's head for almost two minutes.
On November 7, 2020, major news networks declared Biden and Harris the winners of the election, leading to Trump's refusal to concede and insistence that he had won.
In December 2020, Republican congressman Louie Gohmert and others filed a federal lawsuit against Pence, seeking to grant him the power to reject state-certified presidential electors and overturn Biden's victory. The lawsuit was ultimately dismissed due to lack of standing.
During the 2020 Republican convention, Mike Pence inaccurately implied that a federal security officer was killed by rioters, when in fact the perpetrator was linked to the far-right Boogaloo movement.
In 2020, Pence and Trump lost their bid for re-election in the presidential election to Joe Biden and Kamala Harris.
In 2020, President Trump appointed Pence to lead the country's coronavirus response, citing his experience with HIV in Indiana, while omitting Pence's delayed response to the HIV outbreak and his opposition to needle exchange programs.
In 2020, on January 6, Trump held a rally urging listeners to go to the Capitol and expressed hope that Pence would "do the right thing", leading to many listeners marching to the Capitol and storming it.
Since leaving the vice presidency, Pence distanced himself from Trump's attempts to cast doubt on the 2020 presidential election and made high-profile speeches in early nominating states.
Despite pressure from Trump to overturn the election results and the attack on the U.S. Capitol on January 6, 2021, Pence oversaw the certification of Biden and Harris as the winners of the election.
In January 2021, Trump pressured Pence to overturn the election during the congressional joint session to count electoral votes. Pence maintained that the Constitution did not grant him such power.
On January 20, 2021, Pence left office as Vice President, succeeded by Kamala Harris. He did not have a permanent residence in Indiana at the time.
In February 2021, Pence joined The Heritage Foundation as a distinguished visiting fellow and the Young America's Foundation, planning to launch a new podcast.
In March 2021, Pence narrated a four-part television series on Rush Limbaugh titled "Age of Rush", which debuted on Fox Nation.
In April 2021, Pence signed a deal with Simon & Schuster for two books, including an autobiography.
In April 2021, Pence underwent surgery for a pacemaker implant due to a slow heartbeat.
In May 2021, after months of staying at residences owned by Indiana Republican politicians, the Pences bought a home in Carmel, Indiana.
By 2021, the state corporate income tax was set to drop from 6.5 percent to 4.9 percent, making it the second-lowest corporate income tax in the nation, per Senate Bill 1. The law also permitted Indiana counties to eliminate the business personal property tax on new equipment and exempt small businesses with equipment valued at less than $20,000 from paying personal property taxes by 2021.
In 2021, Pence put his life and career on the line to ensure the constitutional transfer of presidential power on Jan. 6, and received the JFK Profile in Courage Award on April 3, 2025
In 2021, polls of Republicans suggested Pence could be a top-tier candidate in 2024 if Trump didn't run, but his numbers would decline if Trump did run.
In 2021, the same day as the subpoena was reported, Pence released a statement through Advancing American Freedom expressing support for "parental rights".
In May 2022, The New York Times reported that Pence was considering a presidential run regardless of whether Trump decided to run for a second term.
In June 2022, following the Supreme Court's decision to overturn Roe v. Wade, Pence stated that it had been consigned to the "ash heap of history" and called for the restoration of the sanctity of life in American law.
In July 2022, Pence appeared in the documentary "Unprecedented".
In October 2022, Pence publicly condemned "unprincipled populism" and "Putin apologists" within the Republican Party.
In 2022, Pence separated himself from Trump by endorsing candidates in several Republican primary elections in opposition to the candidate endorsed by Trump.
In January 2023, following the discovery of classified documents at President Biden's home, Pence asked his lawyer to search his home, leading to the discovery of classified documents which were turned over to the FBI. Pence took responsibility for the documents.
On February 9, 2023, Pence was reported to have been subpoenaed by special counsel Jack Smith regarding the attack on the Capitol.
On April 27, 2023, after challenges to the subpoena, Pence testified before the grand jury, stating he would obey the law and tell the truth.
On June 5, 2023, Pence filed paperwork and officially launched his bid for the presidency.
In June 2023, Pence launched a 2024 presidential bid but withdrew by October.
On October 28, 2023, Pence, facing weak fundraising and poll numbers, withdrew from the presidential race.
In 2023, Pence criticized former President Donald Trump, especially regarding the events that took place on January 6, 2021, stating that Trump was wrong to suggest that Pence had a right to overturn the election results.
On March 15, 2024, Pence announced that he would not endorse Trump, nor would he support Biden in the 2024 presidential election.
On August 9, 2024, Pence reiterated that he would not endorse Trump, nor would he support Kamala Harris after Biden withdrew from the race.
In September 2024, Pence began teaching political science courses at Grove City College in Pennsylvania as its Distinguished Fellow for Faith and Public Life.
In October 2024, Pence said he supported the acquisition of U.S. Steel by the Japanese company Nippon Steel, arguing it would prevent reliance on steel exports from China.
In 2024, Pence became the first Republican presidential candidate to visit Ukraine, where he met President Volodymyr Zelenskyy.
In 2024, Pence declined to endorse Trump in the presidential election.
In 2024, ahead of the RNC, Pence released a statement condemning the new GOP stance on abortion, arguing that it strips away "historic pro-life principles".
In 2024, there was a widespread view among both Republican leaders and grassroots Republicans that "Pence is dead in the early waters of 2024."
In January 2025, President Biden blocked the purchase of U.S. Steel by Nippon Steel. President Trump approved a modified purchase plan after returning to office.
On January 16, 2025, speaking in Taipei, Pence urged President-elect Trump to avert a nuclear arms race by continuing to support an independent Taiwan.
On January 20, 2025, Pence attended Trump's second inauguration as a former vice president.
On April 3, 2025, the John F. Kennedy Library Foundation announced Pence as the recipient of the JFK Profile in Courage Award for his actions on January 6, 2021.
On May 4, 2025, Mike Pence was awarded the JFK Profile in Courage Award for his conduct on January 6.
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