Stanley Kubrick was a highly influential American filmmaker and photographer, considered one of cinema's greatest. His films, largely adaptations of novels or short stories, spanned diverse genres and were celebrated for meticulous detail, groundbreaking cinematography, elaborate set design, and dark humor. A significant figure in post-war cinema, Kubrick's work continues to inspire and provoke debate.
In 1902, Elias Kubrick, Stanley Kubrick's grandfather, followed his father to the United States, joining him after Hersh Kubrick had started a new life there.
A series of close-ups on the faces of people attending the funeral in Flying Padre were most likely inspired by Sergei Eisenstein's Battleship Potemkin (1925).
The scene of Paul Hall speaking to members of the union in The Seafarers echoes scenes from Sergei Eisenstein's Strike (1925).
In 1926, Arthur Schnitzler's Freudian novella "Traumnovelle" (Dream Story in English) was published, which later served as the basis for Stanley Kubrick's film "Eyes Wide Shut".
In 1927, Abel Gance's film "Napoleon" was released, generally considered a masterpiece. However, Stanley Kubrick found it to be a terrible movie.
In 1927, Stanley Kubrick's parents, Jacob Leonard Kubrick and Sadie Gertrude Kubrick, married. That same year, his father graduated from the New York Homeopathic Medical College.
On July 26, 1928, Stanley Kubrick was born in New York City. He would later become a major figure in the post-war film industry, renowned as one of cinema's greatest and most influential filmmakers.
The scene of Paul Hall speaking to members of the union in The Seafarers echoes scenes from Eisenstein's October (1928).
In 1929, Alfred Hitchcock's "Blackmail" was released. This film directly influenced Kubrick's "Killer's Kiss", particularly the scene with a painting laughing at a character.
In May 1934, Barbara Mary Kubrick, Stanley Kubrick's sister, was born.
In 1935, Humphrey Cobb's anti-war novel of the same name was published, and it served as the basis for the film "Paths of Glory".
In June 1938, Stanley Kubrick moved to Public School 90 in the Bronx.
In 1941, Stanley Kubrick began attending William Howard Taft High School.
A series of close-ups on the faces of people attending the funeral in Flying Padre were most likely inspired by Sergei Eisenstein's Ivan the Terrible (1944/1958).
On June 26, 1945, Look magazine published a photographic series by Stanley Kubrick, marking an early achievement in his photography career.
In 1945, Stanley Kubrick graduated from William Howard Taft High School with a D+ grade average. His poor grades prevented him from immediately pursuing higher education.
On April 16, 1946, Look magazine published Stanley Kubrick's photo story, "A Short Story from a Movie Balcony," showcasing a staged altercation.
In August 1947, Stanley Kubrick obtained a pilot's license.
On May 28, 1948, Stanley Kubrick married his high-school sweetheart, Toba Metz.
On May 29, 1948, Stanley Kubrick married his high-school sweetheart, Toba Metz.
In 1948, Arthur C. Clarke wrote the short story "The Sentinel", which later inspired Kubrick's film 2001: A Space Odyssey.
In 1948, Stanley Kubrick was sent to Portugal to document a travel piece for Look magazine. Later that year, he covered the Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus in Sarasota, Florida.
On January 18, 1949, Look magazine published Stanley Kubrick's photo essay "Prizefighter," which captured a boxing match and the events leading up to it, featuring middleweight Walter Cartier.
On April 2, 1949, Look magazine published Stanley Kubrick's photo essay "Chicago-City of Extremes", showcasing his early talent for creating atmosphere with imagery.
In July 1950, Look magazine published Stanley Kubrick's photo essay "Working Debutante – Betsy von Furstenberg", which featured a Pablo Picasso portrait of Angel F. de Soto in the background.
In 1950, Sterling Hayden starred in the film "The Asphalt Jungle". Kubrick was impressed with his performance in this film.
In 1951, MGM released the anti-war film "The Red Badge of Courage". Because MGM had produced it, they were hesitant to finance another war film, which initially created a challenge for Kubrick and Harris in getting "Paths of Glory" backed.
In 1951, Stanley Kubrick and Toba Metz divorced.
In 1951, Stanley Kubrick began making Flying Padre, a film documenting Reverend Fred Stadtmueller's travels to visit his churches.
In 1952, Kubrick met Ruth Sobotka, an Austrian-born dancer and theatrical designer.
In 1952, Kubrick named Max Ophüls' film Le Plaisir as his favorite film.
In June 1953, Stanley Kubrick shot The Seafarers, his first color film, for the Seafarers International Union. The film focused on the logistics and amenities of seafaring.
In 1953, Stanley Kubrick directed his first feature film, "Fear and Desire", after raising $1000 and receiving a $9000 investment from his uncle. The film, originally titled "The Trap" and later "The Shape of Fear", was shot in the San Gabriel Mountains with a small cast and crew and became a fictional allegory about soldiers caught behind enemy lines during war.
In January 1955, Kubrick married Ruth Sobotka.
In July 1955, Kubrick and Ruth Sobotka moved to Hollywood.
In 1955, Stanley Kubrick met James B. Harris and formed the Harris-Kubrick Pictures Corporation. Harris then purchased the rights to Lionel White's novel, Clean Break, which was to become the basis for The Killing.
In 1955, following "Fear and Desire," Kubrick began working on "Killer's Kiss," a film noir about a boxer and a woman abused by her boss. The film was privately funded, with Kubrick experimenting with cinematography and unconventional angles during filming in Times Square. Sound recording issues led to costly post-production work.
In 1956, "The Killing" had a limited release in the United States and was promoted as a second feature to the film "Bandido!". Despite this, some critics lauded the film's camerawork.
In 1956, Ruth Sobotka was the art director for Kubrick's film "The Killing".
In 1956, Stanley Kubrick made his first major Hollywood film, The Killing, for United Artists. This marked a significant milestone in his early career as a director.
In March 1957, Kubrick began shooting "Paths of Glory" in Munich. The film, based on Humphrey Cobb's novel, focuses on a French army unit during World War I ordered on an impossible mission and the subsequent court martial of three soldiers. Kubrick meticulously planned and filmed the battle scene with multiple cameras.
In October 1957, after "Paths of Glory" premiered, Bryna Productions optioned Herbert Emerson Wilson's autobiography, "I Stole $16,000,000", for Kubrick and Harris as part of their co-production deal, with Kubrick to direct and Douglas to star.
In November 1957, Gavin Lambert was signed as story editor for "I Stole $16,000,000", and worked with Kubrick to create a script titled "God Fearing Man", though the film was never produced.
In 1957, Dore Schary of MGM was impressed with "The Killing" and offered Kubrick and Harris $75,000 to write, direct, and produce a film, which eventually became "Paths of Glory".
In 1957, Kubrick divorced Ruth Sobotka.
In 1957, Stanley Kubrick released Paths of Glory, an anti-war film that he collaborated on with Kirk Douglas. This film showcased Kubrick's ability to tackle serious and thought-provoking themes.
In early 1957, during the production of Paths of Glory in Munich, Kubrick met and romanced Christiane Harlan.
A series of close-ups on the faces of people attending the funeral in Flying Padre were most likely inspired by Sergei Eisenstein's Ivan the Terrible (1944/1958).
In 1958, Kubrick married Christiane Harlan.
In February 1959, Kirk Douglas contacted Kubrick to direct "Spartacus", based on the novel by Howard Fast. Kubrick replaced Anthony Mann as director and was paid $150,000 for the project.
On April 6, 1959, Kubrick's daughter Anya Renata was born.
On August 5, 1960, Kubrick's daughter Vivian Vanessa was born.
In October 1960, Kubrick began shooting "Lolita" at Elstree Studios on a $2 million budget. The shooting lasted for 88 days.
In 1960, "Spartacus" was released. The film was the most expensive film ever made in America at the time. Kubrick used the anamorphic 35 mm horizontal Super Technirama process to capture large panoramic scenes.
In 1960, Kubrick explained in an interview with Robert Emmett Ginna that he was very careful not to present his own views of the meaning of his films and to leave them open to interpretation.
In 1960, Stanley Kubrick released Spartacus, a historical epic film, in another collaboration with Kirk Douglas. This film demonstrated Kubrick's capacity for handling large-scale productions.
In March 1961, the shooting of "Lolita" at Elstree Studios ended after 88 days. Kubrick often clashed with Shelley Winters during production. Due to the provocative story, Kubrick was forced to comply with censors and remove much of the erotic element of the relationship.
In 1961, Kubrick and his family moved to the United Kingdom to make Lolita.
In 1961, One-Eyed Jacks was released. Kubrick worked on the script for Marlon Brando for six months, but later distanced himself from the project. Brando ended up directing this movie.
In 1961, Stanley Kubrick drafted a screenplay for a film about Napoleon, envisaging a grandiose epic with up to 40,000 infantry and 10,000 cavalry.
In 1961, Stanley Kubrick left the United States and settled in England. This move would have a significant impact on his career, allowing him greater artistic control over his films.
On December 28, 1962, Terry Southern's relatively brief but intense work on the Dr. Strangelove script concluded. His contributions led to a public rift between Kubrick and Peter George over credit for the film's writing.
In 1962, Kubrick began production of "Lolita" in England due to contract clauses and financial incentives. The film, based on Vladimir Nabokov's novel, marked a transition in Kubrick's style towards surrealism. He signed a $1 million deal with Eliot Hyman's Associated Artists Productions, that gave him the artistic freedom he desired.
In April 1963, the 15-week shooting of "Dr. Strangelove" concluded after which Kubrick spent eight months editing it. The movie was shot in England.
In 1963, when asked by Cinema magazine to name his favorite films, Kubrick listed Federico Fellini's "I Vitelloni" as number one in his Top 10 list.
In April 1964, Stanley Kubrick met Arthur C. Clarke in New York City and suggested collaborating on Clarke's 1948 short story "The Sentinel".
In 1964, Kubrick directed "Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb", a satirical black comedy. He became preoccupied with nuclear war, studied numerous books on the subject, and concluded the situation was absurd.
In 1964, Stanley Kubrick hired Arthur Fellig, also known as Weegee, as the special stills photographer for his film Dr. Strangelove.
In 1964, Stanley Kubrick released Dr. Strangelove, a Cold War satire film featuring Peter Sellers. This film further cemented Kubrick's reputation as a versatile and innovative filmmaker.
On December 29, 1965, filming for 2001: A Space Odyssey commenced with the excavation of the monolith on the moon.
In 1965, Stanley Kubrick purchased Abbots Mead on Barnet Lane, near the Elstree/Borehamwood studio complex in England. He used this home as his primary workspace for the next 14 years, managing all aspects of four films from there.
In 1966, Kubrick was among the first directors to use video assist during filming, requiring him to build his own system.
In 1966, Stanley Kubrick expressed his desire to make the world's scariest movie to a friend, envisioning a series of episodes that would play upon the audience's nightmare fears.
In 1968, Kubrick released 2001: A Space Odyssey, a film developed over five years after being inspired by Arthur C. Clarke's novel Childhood's End. The film explores themes of evolution and artificial intelligence.
In 1968, Malcolm McDowell's role in Lindsay Anderson's if.... was crucial to his casting as Alex in A Clockwork Orange.
In 1968, Stanley Kubrick released 2001: A Space Odyssey, a science fiction epic featuring scientific realism and innovative special effects that were a first in cinema history. The film earned him his only Academy Award for Best Visual Effects and is regarded as one of the greatest films ever made.
In 1968, Wendy Carlos's album Switched-On Bach, which re-interpreted baroque music using a Moog synthesizer, caught Kubrick's attention.
Some views from the plane in Stanley Kubrick's 1951 film Flying Padre are echoed in 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968) with the footage of the spacecraft.
At the end of 1969, Kubrick settled on A Clockwork Orange (1971) as his next project.
In 1969, A Clockwork Orange is thought to have been strongly influenced by Kubrick's many viewings of Matsumoto Toshio's landmark in queer cinema, "Funeral Parade of Roses".
In 1969, Stanley Kubrick's Napoleon film project, which was well into preproduction and ready to begin filming, was canceled by MGM.
In February 1970, Robert Brustein of Out of This World called the film a "juvenalian satire" reflecting the mixed opinions and controversy surrounding its release.
A Clockwork Orange was shot over 1970–1971 on a budget of £2 million.
In 1970, the Soviet film about Napoleon, "Waterloo", received a poor reception, contributing to the abandonment of Stanley Kubrick's Napoleon film project.
In 1970, the film "Paths of Glory" was censored by the Swiss Army until this year.
In 1971, Kubrick released A Clockwork Orange, a film exploring violence and experimental rehabilitation.
In 1971, Stanley Kubrick released A Clockwork Orange. The film was controversial and received mixed reviews. It was later withdrawn from circulation in the UK following a media frenzy.
In 1971, Wendy Carlos composed and recorded music for the soundtrack of A Clockwork Orange.
Just before Christmas 1971, A Clockwork Orange was released and became one of the most controversial films of its time due to its depiction of teenage violence, receiving an X rating in both the UK and US.
By the end of 1972, 2001: A Space Odyssey gradually gained popularity and earned $31 million worldwide.
In 1972, John Calley of Warner Bros. agreed to invest $2.5 million into the film Barry Lyndon.
In 1972, Wendy Carlos's Clockwork Orange, music not used in the film, was released.
In 1973, Stanley Kubrick turned down the opportunity to direct the horror film "The Exorcist".
In the autumn of 1973, filming for Barry Lyndon began on location in Ireland, with a cost of $11 million and a cast and crew of 170.
In 1975, Barry Lyndon, an adaptation of William Makepeace Thackeray's The Luck of Barry Lyndon, was released.
In 1975, for the 18th-century period film Barry Lyndon, Stanley Kubrick used lenses developed by Carl Zeiss for NASA to film scenes by candlelight. This innovative technique added to the film's unique visual style.
In a 1975 interview with Time magazine, Kubrick stated that the essence of a dramatic form is to let an idea come over people without it being plainly stated and that realism is the best way to dramatize argument and ideas.
After the 1976 films "Bound for Glory", "Marathon Man" and "Rocky", "The Shining" was among the first half-dozen features to use the then-revolutionary Steadicam.
In 1977, Stanley Kubrick turned down directing "Exorcist II: The Heretic".
In May 1978, Stanley Kubrick began filming the interior scenes for "The Shining" at Elstree Studios in England. Cardboard models were made of all of the sets of the film, and the lighting of them was a massive undertaking, which took four months of electrical wiring.
In 1978, Kubrick relocated to Childwickbury Manor in Hertfordshire. This stately home became both a residence and a workplace, with stables converted into production rooms.
In April 1979, Stanley Kubrick concluded filming the interior scenes for "The Shining" at Elstree Studios in England, which had begun in May 1978.
In 1979, Michael Herr wrote the narration for "Apocalypse Now". Kubrick was also intrigued by Gustav Hasford's Vietnam War novel The Short-Timers.
On May 23, 1980, five days after its release, Stanley Kubrick ordered the deletion of the final scene from "The Shining", where the hotel manager Ullman visits Wendy in the hospital, believing it to be unnecessary after witnessing audience reactions to the film's climax.
In 1980, Kubrick collaborated with Wendy Carlos on The Shining.
In 1980, Martin Scorsese released Raging Bull. Scorsese cited Kubrick's innovative shooting angles and atmospheric shots in Killer's Kiss as an influence on Raging Bull.
In 1980, Stanley Kubrick met author Michael Herr through a mutual friend and became interested in his book "Dispatches" about the Vietnam War.
In 1980, with the horror film The Shining, Stanley Kubrick became one of the first directors to use a Steadicam for stabilized and fluid tracking shots, enhancing the film's visual storytelling.
In August 1985, Stanley Kubrick began filming "Full Metal Jacket" within a 30-mile radius of his house.
In September 1986, Stanley Kubrick ended filming "Full Metal Jacket" within a 30-mile radius of his house.
In June 1987, "Full Metal Jacket" was released and opened strongly, taking over $30 million in the first 50 days, but was critically overshadowed by the success of Oliver Stone's "Platoon", released a year earlier.
In 1987, Stanley Kubrick directed "Full Metal Jacket", a film about the Vietnam War. Kubrick began working with Michael Herr and Gustav Hasford separately on a script. He eventually found Hasford's novel to be brutally honest and decided to shoot a film which closely follows the novel.
In 1987, Stanley Kubrick's Vietnam War film Full Metal Jacket utilized Steadicam technology, which was crucial for creating the stabilized and fluid tracking shots characteristic of the movie.
In 1987, when asked about his reputation for excessive takes by Rolling Stone, Kubrick replied that it was exaggerated, attributing it to actors being unprepared.
In 1993, Steven Spielberg's "Schindler's List" was released, which Stanley Kubrick felt covered much of the same material as his unfinished Aryan Papers project, leading to its abandonment.
In 1995, Stanley Kubrick approached Steven Spielberg with the "AI" script, suggesting that Spielberg direct it and Kubrick produce it. Kubrick reportedly held long telephone discussions with Spielberg regarding the film.
On March 7, 1999, Stanley Kubrick, the influential American filmmaker, died. His death marked the end of an era for a director known for his meticulous and innovative approach to filmmaking.
Stanley Kubrick worked relentlessly for 15 months to get "Eyes Wide Shut" out by its planned release date of July 16, 1999.
Following Stanley Kubrick's death in 1999, Steven Spielberg took the drafts and notes left by Kubrick and his writers and composed a new screenplay based on an earlier 90-page story treatment by Ian Watson written under Kubrick's supervision and specifications.
In 1999, Kubrick won the Britannia Award.
In 1999, Stanley Kubrick hosted a screening for his family and the stars of his final film, the erotic drama Eyes Wide Shut, a few days before he died at the age of 70.
In 1999, Stanley Kubrick passed away. He was married to Christiane Harlan for 40 years, until his death.
In 1999, The Village Voice rated Barry Lyndon as one of the greatest films ever made, highlighting its growing reputation over the years.
A Clockwork Orange was legally unavailable in the UK until after Kubrick's death, and was not re-released until 2000.
In 2000, BAFTA renamed their Britannia lifetime achievement award to the "Stanley Kubrick Britannia Award" to honor the director.
In June 2001, "A.I. Artificial Intelligence" was released, containing a posthumous production credit for Stanley Kubrick at the beginning and the brief dedication "For Stanley Kubrick" at the end.
2001: A Space Odyssey was a success despite mixed reviews.
During the filming of 2001 in 1966, Kubrick was able to view a video of a take immediately after it was filmed.
In 2001, "The Shining" was ranked by the American Film Institute as the 29th greatest thriller film of all time, solidifying its status as a horror classic.
In 2001, Kubrick is credited with introducing Hungarian composer György Ligeti to a broad Western audience by including his music in 2001: A Space Odyssey.
In 2001, Kubrick used slit-scan photography and front-screen projection for special effects in his film "2001: A Space Odyssey", which won him his only Oscar for special effects.
In 2001, Kubrick was influenced by director Max Ophüls' tracking and fluid camera styles, which he used in many of his films, including Paths of Glory and 2001: A Space Odyssey.
In 2001, PJ Harvey mentions 2001: A Space Odyssey among her favorite movies by Kubrick.
In 2001, Steven Spielberg, in association with what remained of Kubrick's production unit, directed the film "A.I. Artificial Intelligence", which was produced by Kubrick's longtime producer Jan Harlan.
In 2001, the documentary "Stanley Kubrick: A Life in Pictures", produced and directed by Jan Harlan, Kubrick's brother-in-law, was released. The documentary was created by many people who worked with Kubrick on his films.
In April 2018, the International Astronomical Union named the largest mountain on Pluto's moon Charon after Stanley Kubrick, in the month that marked the 50th anniversary of 2001: A Space Odyssey.
Some views from the plane in Stanley Kubrick's 1951 film Flying Padre are echoed in 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968) with the footage of the spacecraft.
Steven Spielberg, who previously collaborated with Kubrick on A.I. Artificial Intelligence, is a passionate admirer of his work.
The views from and of the plane in Stanley Kubrick's 1951 film Flying Padre are echoed in 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968) with the footage of the spacecraft.
In 2002, Sight & Sound rated Barry Lyndon as one of the greatest films ever made, highlighting its growing reputation over the years.
In 2004, the first public exhibition of material from Kubrick's personal archives was presented in Frankfurt, Germany. The Deutsches Filmmuseum and Deutsches Architekturmuseum cooperated with Christiane Kubrick and Jan Harlan / The Stanley Kubrick Estate for the event.
In the 2004 film, The Life and Death of Peter Sellers, Stanley Kubrick was portrayed by Stanley Tucci. The film documents the filming of Dr. Strangelove.
In 2005, Time rated Barry Lyndon as one of the greatest films ever made, highlighting its growing reputation over the years.
In 2005, the film Colour Me Kubrick, authorized by Kubrick's family, was released. The film stars John Malkovich as Alan Conway, a con artist who impersonated Kubrick in the 1990s.
On July 7, 2009, Stanley Kubrick's daughter Anya Renata passed away.
In 2009, an exhibition featuring paintings and photos inspired by Kubrick's films, titled "Stanley Kubrick: Taming Light", was held in Dublin, Ireland.
In 2010, Kanye West's music video for "Runaway" drew inspiration from Kubrick's film, Eyes Wide Shut.
In 2010, the film was named the sixth-best comedy film of all time by The Guardian.
In 2011, English musician and poet PJ Harvey expressed her admiration for Kubrick's films, particularly highlighting the use of space and silence to convey deeper meanings in films like Paths of Glory, 2001: A Space Odyssey, and Barry Lyndon.
In 2011, Taschen published the book "Stanley Kubrick's Napoleon: The Greatest Movie Never Made", a compilation of literature and source documents from Kubrick related to his unmade Napoleon film.
On October 30, 2012, an exhibition dedicated to Stanley Kubrick opened at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art (LACMA). It featured documents, photographs, and on-set materials from his personal archives.
In March 2013, Steven Spielberg announced that he would be developing Stanley Kubrick's unmade Napoleon film as a TV miniseries based on Kubrick's original screenplay.
In June 2013, the exhibition devoted to Kubrick at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art (LACMA) concluded. The exhibits included documents, photographs and on-set material assembled from 800 boxes of personal archives.
In October 2013, the Brazil São Paulo International Film Festival paid tribute to Stanley Kubrick. The event included an exhibit of his work and a retrospective of his films.
In 2013, an Atlantic article featured Tony Frewin, an assistant who worked with Stanley Kubrick for a long period of time, revealed that Kubrick was limitlessly interested in anything to do with Nazis and desperately wanted to make a film on the subject.
In late 2014, the Stanley Kubrick exhibit opened at the Toronto International Film Festival (TIFF).
In January 2015, the Kubrick exhibit ended at the Toronto International Film Festival (TIFF).
In April 2018, the International Astronomical Union named the largest mountain on Pluto's moon Charon after Stanley Kubrick, in the month that marked the 50th anniversary of 2001: A Space Odyssey.
As of March 2019, Barry Lyndon has a 94% rating on Rotten Tomatoes, based on 64 reviews.
In October 2019, the Skirball Cultural Center began hosting an exhibition called "Through a Different Lens: Stanley Kubrick Photographs", focusing on Kubrick's early career.
In March 2020, the Skirball Cultural Center concluded its exhibition called "Through a Different Lens: Stanley Kubrick Photographs", which focused on Kubrick's early career.
As of November 2020, the film holds a near-perfect 98% rating on Rotten Tomatoes, based on 91 reviews, indicating its current high regard.
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