"WGN America, a subscription television network, operated from November 9, 1978, to February 28, 2021. Originally a national feed of Chicago's WGN-TV, it marked the second national "superstation," making the station's programming accessible via cable and satellite across the United States."
The "WGN" initialism, synonymous with WGN-TV and WGN America, originates from the "World's Greatest Newspaper" slogan adopted by the Chicago Tribune on August 29, 1911. This slogan would remain in use until December 31, 1976, leaving a lasting legacy on the Tribune Company's broadcasting endeavors.
WBKB-TV, which later became WBBM-TV, marked a significant moment in Chicago television history by transitioning from experimental operations as W9XBK to a commercially licensed independent station on September 6, 1946.
Initially planning to use the call sign WGNA, the station ultimately adopted the call sign WGN-TV by January 1948, solidifying its connection to its parent company's renowned slogan.
On April 5, 1948, WGN-TV, the foundation of what would become WGN America, began broadcasting on VHF channel 9 in Chicago, Illinois. It became the second commercial television station in both the Chicago market and Illinois.
In 1948, WGN-TV's programming consisted mainly of local newscasts, local programs (including children's shows and music series), older feature films, and sporting events featuring Chicago-area professional and collegiate teams. This focus on local content helped establish the station's presence in its early years.
In September 1949, WBKB-TV joined WGN-TV in broadcasting network programs from CBS, reflecting the evolving landscape of television programming in the Chicago market.
On January 25, 1950, WGN-TV relocated its studio and transmitter facilities from the Chicago Daily News Building to WGN Radio's main facility at the Centennial Building annex of the Tribune Tower on North Michigan Avenue.
February 1953 marked a significant shift in Chicago television programming as CBS programming moved exclusively to WBBM-TV following its sale to CBS by Balaban and Katz Broadcasting.
In January 1956, WGN-TV's channel 9 transmitter was moved to the Prudential Building on East Randolph Street and North Michigan Avenue.
With the DuMont Television Network ceasing operations in August 1956, WGN-TV transitioned into an independent station. This change led to the addition of off-network syndicated reruns to its programming schedule.
In 1956, WGN-TV's parent subsidiary, previously known as the WGN Continental Broadcasting Company, was established.
The Bozo Show, a children's program, premiered on WGN-TV on June 20, 1960. It later became a staple of WGN's national feed.
WGN-TV moved to a new, dedicated studio facility at the WGN Mid-America Broadcast Center (later renamed WGN Continental Broadcast Center and now known as WGN Studios) on West Bradley Place in June 1961. The station shared these studios with WGN Radio until 1986.
WGN-TV premiered Family Classics, a family-oriented film showcase, on September 14, 1962. The program aired on both the local and national feeds.
In 1964, "Charlando," a Spanish-language talk show focusing on Chicago's Hispanic and Latino community, premiered on WGN-TV.
In May 1969, WGN-TV's main transmitter was moved to the west antenna tower of the iconic John Hancock Center on North Michigan Avenue.
In 1971, "Issues Unlimited," a Sunday morning public affairs program moderated by Chicago Bulletin editor and columnist Hurley Green, Sr., premiered on WGN-TV.
In 1973, "People to People," a bi-weekly public affairs program hosted by local civil rights leader Edwin C. "Bill" Berry, debuted on WGN-TV.
Southern Satellite Systems was founded in 1975 by Ted Turner and later sold to Edward L. Taylor to comply with FCC regulations.
In December 1976, Southern Satellite Systems began redistributing WTCG (later WTBS) to American cable and satellite systems, marking an early step in satellite distribution of independent stations.
TBS first uplinked in December 1976, marking its entry into the world of satellite broadcasting.
The Copyright Act of 1976, along with the later establishment of the Copyright Royalty Tribunal in 1982, had significant implications for the retransmission of out-of-market stations like WGN.
On October 26, 1978, the FCC allowed four firms to uplink WGN-TV's signal to satellite, expanding its reach to cable providers across the U.S.
On October 30, 1978, Southern Satellite Systems, a leading contender to uplink WGN, announced a transponder failure that impacted their ability to distribute the signal.
On November 9, 1978, United Video uplinked WGN-TV's signal, making it a national superstation, the second in the U.S. after WTBS.
On November 9, 1978, WGN America began broadcasting as a national feed of Chicago independent station WGN-TV, marking the start of its journey as a nationally distributed "superstation." This move made WGN-TV's programming available to cable and satellite providers across the United States.
In November 1978, United Video began uplinking the WGN-TV signal to satellite, allowing for national distribution of the station's programming.
In November 1978, WGN began airing live Illinois Lottery drawings on its national feed, marking the first time a U.S. state lottery had its drawings televised nationally. The initial broadcasts were half-hour Thursday night programs hosted by Ray Rayner.
In November 1978, WGN's national feed expanded to include more local programming from WGN-TV, including The Bozo Show and Ray Rayner and His Friends. This brought these Chicago-produced shows to a wider audience.
Starting in November 1978, WGN America began broadcasting most sporting events produced by its Chicago-based parent company, WGN-TV. This included Major League Baseball games featuring the Chicago Cubs and Chicago White Sox.
In December 1978, Satellite Communications Systems uplinked KTVU in Oakland, California, expanding the national reach of independent stations.
By the fall of 1978, WGN-TV's signal was being distributed to 574 cable systems across the Midwest, extending its reach far beyond the Chicago television market and reaching an estimated 8.6 million subscribers.
January 1, 1979, marked the deadline for Satellite Communications Systems' use of Satcom Transponder 18, a point of contention in their lawsuit with RCA.
In April 1979, Eastern Microwave uplinked WOR-TV in New York City, further contributing to the trend of independent stations achieving national distribution.
In 1979, WGN America, through its connection with WGN-TV Chicago, started simulcasting the Muscular Dystrophy Association's (MDA) annual Labor Day weekend telethon every September.
WGN America began broadcasting several Chicago parades nationally in 1979, including the Chicago St. Patrick's Day Parade, the Chicago Auto Show, and the Bud Billiken Parade.
From 1979 to 1981, rival independent station WFLD briefly surpassed WGN-TV as Chicago's leading independent station, prompting Tribune Broadcasting to enhance WGN-TV's programming.
With the introduction of the Daily Game (now Pick 3) in February 1980, Illinois Lottery drawings on WGN transitioned from weekly broadcasts to shorter, daily segments.
On June 9, 1980, "Independent Network News" (INN), a Tribune-syndicated national news effort originating from then-New York sister station WPIX, premiered as a weeknightly prime time broadcast.
The Syndication Exclusivity Rights Rule ("SyndEx") was reinstated by the FCC in May 1988, after being previously repealed in July 1980. This rule grants television stations the right to claim local exclusivity for syndicated programs.
On October 4, 1980, "Independent Network News" (INN) expanded to include weekend editions.
On October 5, 1980, the 10:00 p.m. (Central) "Newsnine" broadcast expanded to an hour and was renamed "The Nine O'Clock News."
Ray Rayner and His Friends, a local Chicago variety show, ended its run on WGN-TV in 1980. The program had been airing on the national feed since November 1978.
WGN America previously carried the similarly formatted syndicated program "Independent Network News" (INN) from 1980 to 1990 under former parent Tribune's ownership, marking an earlier foray into national news.
On February 10, 1981, WGN-TV started using the satellite feed's audio subcarrier signal to transmit programming schedules to the Electronic Program Guide (EPG) service.
On October 5, 1981, "Independent Network News" (INN) launched a "Midday Edition."
On October 8, 1981, District Court Judge Susan Getzendanner denied WGN Continental Broadcasting's request for injunctive relief and dismissed the case against United Video, stating that United Video was not obligated to carry the station's teletext transmission.
By 1981, WGN-TV had reclaimed its position as Chicago's leading independent station after implementing programming changes in response to the competition from WFLD.
The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Northern District of Illinois overturned Judge Getzendanner's decision on August 12, 1982, mandating in a limited ruling that United Video must retransmit WGN-TV's VBI Teletext when directly related to and part of the 9:00 p.m. news simulcast.
The establishment of the Copyright Royalty Tribunal in 1982 further defined the regulations surrounding the retransmission of copyrighted programming, impacting stations like WGN receiving royalties.
In 1982, the NBA implemented a policy prohibiting WGN and other superstations with a significant national reach from airing games that conflicted with those broadcast on its national cable partners, ESPN and USA Network.
From 1982 to 1987, United Video used the tagline "WGN, The Chicago SuperChannel" to promote the station nationally, emphasizing its Chicago origins.
In September 1983, a simulcast of WGN-TV's midday newscast, then known as "Midday Newscope," was added to the national feed.
In 1983, "Nightbeat," a half-hour, overnight news program aired on WGN-TV, was canceled.
The CRTC implemented linkage rules in 1983, requiring multichannel television providers to offer U.S.-based program services in discretionary tiers tied to Canadian services, impacting how WGN-TV/WGN America was packaged to subscribers.
United Video began distributing WPIX in New York City in May 1984, marking the start of their distribution of several Tribune-owned independent stations.
United Video began distributing Gaylord Broadcasting-owned KTVT in Dallas-Fort Worth in July 1984, expanding their portfolio of national superstations.
In September 1984, "Independent Network News" (INN) was renamed "INN: The Independent News."
In September 1984, "Midday Newscope" was renamed "Chicago's Midday News."
After a six-year run on WGN, the rights to broadcast live Illinois Lottery drawings shifted to WFLD in December 1984.
In December 1984, "Chicago's First Report," a traditional half-hour morning newscast that aired from May to December 1984, was canceled.
In April 1985, the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) approved WGN-TV for retransmission by multichannel television providers in Canada, allowing it to be offered as a foreign service.
In June 1985, the NBA further reduced the number of games superstations could broadcast annually, limiting them to 25 games per season. This move was part of the league's ongoing efforts to control the broadcasting of its games.
On September 6, 1985, "Independent Network News" (INN) canceled its "Midday Edition."
In 1985, Tribune Broadcasting implemented changes to the WGN-TV satellite feed, providing a direct microwave relay link to United Video as a backup and starting to insert national or per inquiry ads instead of local Chicago advertisements. This allowed for separate ad rates for Chicago and national audiences, increasing revenue.
WGN Radio relocated its operations from the Bradley Place studios to the Pioneer Court extension on North Michigan Avenue in 1986, leaving WGN-TV as the sole occupant of the studios.
After a brief stint on WFLD, live Illinois Lottery drawings returned to both WGN-TV and WGN America in January 1987, continuing their national exposure.
In January 1987, "INN: The Independent News" was renamed "USA Tonight."
In July 1987, United Video started transmitting the WGN superstation feed in stereo, making all WGN-TV-produced programming available to participating systems in stereo, while other programming initially used synthesized stereo audio.
Netlink began distributing KWGN-TV in Denver in October 1987, adding another Tribune-owned station to their national offerings.
Netlink, a carrier firm operated by cable television provider Tele-Communications, Inc. (TCI), started offering WGN as part of a satellite program package on C-band dishes in October 1987. This marked the beginning of WGN's availability to home satellite dish owners.
In 1987, "Issues Unlimited" ended its run after 16 years on air.
Between 1987 and 1993, United Video alternatively used the branding "WGN/UV" for the national feed, incorporating their own company identifier.
Eastern Microwave began distributing KTLA in Los Angeles in February 1988, further solidifying the national presence of independent stations.
United Video took over the retransmission rights for KTLA from Eastern Microwave in April 1988, consolidating their distribution network.
The Movie Channel used an "eye-and-profile" logo scheme from May 1988 until June 1997, which inspired WGN America's new logo design.
On May 18, 1988, the FCC reinstated the Syndication Exclusivity Rights Rule ("SyndEx"), which allows TV stations to claim local exclusivity over syndicated programs, requiring cable systems to either black out the program or obtain an agreement with the claimant station or distributor to continue carrying it from an out-of-market station.
WGN America began airing Instant Replay, WGN-TV's Sunday sports highlight program, alongside the 9:00 p.m. newscast in August 1988. This marked the beginning of the national availability of the program.
In March 1989, Netlink, a carrier firm owned by Tele-Communications, Inc. (TCI), started uplinking a separate feed of WGN-TV. This feed was intended for distribution to home satellite dish owners and was part of a satellite program package available on C-band dishes beginning in October 1987.
On September 16, 1989, the lottery game show "$100,000 Fortune Hunt" premiered on WGN's national feed.
When the Syndex rules came into effect on January 1, 1990, United Video officially launched a separate national feed for WGN. This feed included programs cleared for "full-signal" carriage, acquired from both WGN-TV transmissions and other sources.
In January 1990, SyndEx rules were implemented, impacting WGN's national feed. This sometimes led to preemptions of WGN-TV's midday and 9:00 p.m. newscasts to accommodate sports programming or movies.
In January 1990, United Video began offering a separate national feed of WGN due to the implementation of the Syndex rules in the United States. This change led most Canadian cable providers to replace the Chicago signal with the superstation feed.
In January 1990, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) implemented syndication exclusivity rules. These rules aimed to reduce programming duplication between local and out-of-market television stations carried by local cable systems. As a result, the WGN superstation feed began substituting some syndicated programs.
In April 1990, the NBA further reduced the number of NBA games superstations could broadcast to 20, down from 25. This move, prompted by WGN's acquisition of the Chicago Bulls' rights and TBS's acquisition of the Atlanta Hawks' rights, led to a legal challenge from the Bulls and WGN.
On June 4, 1990, Tribune Broadcasting discontinued production of "USA Tonight," formerly known as "Independent Network News" (INN), after a collaborative agreement with Turner Broadcasting System.
Following the launch of the separate national feed, WGN's national coverage expanded, adding 2.2 million cable and satellite households by July 1990. Some cable systems even replaced New York City rivals WPIX and WWOR with the WGN superstation feed, as it offered fewer blackout-prone programs.
On October 16, 1990, the Chicago Bulls' parent company, Chicago Professional Sports L.P., and Tribune Broadcasting (WGN's owner) filed a lawsuit against the NBA. They alleged that the NBA's new rules limiting superstation broadcasts of games would harm the Bulls, their fans, and WGN.
On January 26, 1991, Judge Hubert L. Will issued a permanent injunction against the NBA, preventing the league from enforcing its policy of limiting superstation game broadcasts to 25 per season. The judge found that these restrictions violated antitrust laws.
The Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals upheld the lower court's injunction on April 14, 1991, preventing the NBA from enforcing its restrictions on superstation broadcasts of games.
The U.S. Supreme Court upheld the lower court rulings on November 5, 1991, continuing to block the NBA from enforcing its policy of limiting superstation game broadcasts.
In January 1992, WGN-TV partnered with A.C. Nielsen Co. to measure the station's national viewership using Nielsen's cable network measurement service. This allowed WGN to track its audience reach beyond the Chicago market separately.
In July 1992, MLB Commissioner Fay Vincent issued an order to relocate the Chicago Cubs and the St. Louis Cardinals to the National League West and the Atlanta Braves and the Cincinnati Reds) to the National League East starting with the 1993 season. This was seen as an attempt to curb superstation telecasts, potentially impacting WGN's revenue.
On July 23, 1992, U.S. District Judge Suzanne B. Conlon sided with Tribune and the Cubs in a preliminary ruling, stating that MLB Commissioner Fay Vincent overstepped his authority in ordering a realignment that would move the Chicago Cubs and the St. Louis Cardinals to the National League West and the Atlanta Braves and the Cincinnati Reds to the National League East.
In August 1992, WGN-TV launched a weekend morning newscast.
In December 1992, the rights to broadcast live Illinois Lottery drawings moved from WGN to WBBM-TV, marking another shift in the lottery's broadcast partners.
December 19, 1992, marked the end of the initial run of the game show "$100,000 Fortune Hunt".
After airing nationally since 1979, the Chicago Auto Show's run on WGN America ended in 1992. However, it would briefly return to the national feed from 1999 to 2002.
Between 1992 and 1995, during the legal battles regarding the NBA's restrictions on superstation game broadcasts, WGN negotiated with the NBA to air at least 30 Bulls games each season. This agreement ensured that WGN could continue broadcasting Bulls games while the legal issues were being resolved.
In May 1993, WGN-TV renamed several of its newscasts, including "The Nine O'Clock News" to "WGN News at Nine" and "Midday Newscope" to "WGN News at Noon."
On November 2, 1993, Time Warner announced the formation of The WB Television Network, a joint venture with the Tribune Company and former Fox executive Jamie Kellner.
On December 3, 1993, Tribune decided to make WGN-TV Chicago a charter affiliate of The WB, reversing an earlier decision. This agreement also allowed the WGN superstation feed to act as a national feed for markets without a local affiliate.
Before 1993, promotional logos for WGN's national channel differed from those used by the Chicago signal. However, from 1993 onwards, the superstation feed's on-air logos incorporated the visual branding of WGN-TV.
By 1993, United Video had phased out the "WGN/UV" branding, signaling a shift in their promotional strategy for the national WGN feed.
The MLB realignment that moved the Chicago Cubs and the St. Louis Cardinals to the National League West and the Atlanta Braves and the Cincinnati Reds to the National League East took effect, potentially impacting WGN's revenue and broadcast schedule.
On January 1, 1994, live broadcasts of the Illinois Lottery returned to both WGN-TV and WGN America after a brief period on WBBM-TV. This move reflected WGN's wide reach, particularly its national cable distribution.
On July 2, 1994, "$100,000 Fortune Hunt" concluded its second run on WGN.
WGN premiered "Illinois Instant Riches", the successor to "$100,000 Fortune Hunt", on July 9, 1994, airing it on both local and national feeds.
On September 7, 1994, "WGN Morning News" debuted on WGN-TV and was initially aired nationally.
In September 1994, the Sunday edition of WGN-TV's weekend morning newscast was canceled and replaced by "The Bozo Super Sunday Show."
WGN-TV and WGN America began airing midday drawings for the Illinois Lottery's Pick 3 and Pick 4 games on December 20, 1994, expanding the lottery's presence on both channels.
In 1994, Star Choice, now known as Shaw Direct, started carrying the national feed of WGN upon its launch, providing Canadian viewers access to WGN's programming.
On January 6, 1995, Judge Hubert L. Will, in the Northern Illinois District Court, again ruled that the NBA's restrictions on superstation broadcasts were in violation of antitrust laws. He noted that evidence suggested such broadcasts could actually boost public interest in the NBA.
On January 11, 1995, WGN-TV's local and superstation feeds became WB charter affiliates. This marked the station's first affiliation with a major network since DuMont ceased operations in August 1956.
Starting in January 1995, when WGN America became a cable-only affiliate of The WB, fewer prime time movies aired during the week.
The WB's utilization of the WGN superstation feed as a national relay provided an early advantage over the newly launched United Paramount Network (UPN). This strategy, spearheaded by Jamie Kellner, aimed to reach a wider audience, particularly in markets where The WB lacked local affiliates.
In May 1995, United Video transferred the responsibility of retransmitting the WGN, WPIX, and KTLA superstation feeds to its newly formed subsidiary, UVTV.
In August 1995, Tribune, which had been a non-equity partner, acquired an 11% interest in The WB.
The WGN superstation feed added the Kids' WB children's programming block when it debuted on September 11, 1995.
During the 1995 appeal in the case concerning the NBA's restrictions on superstation game broadcasts, the NBA was granted permission to charge WGN a fee of approximately $40,000 for each game broadcast. This fee was a compromise, as the NBA had initially sought a higher fee of $100,000 per game.
TCI acquired a controlling interest in United Video in January 1996, ultimately expanding its ownership stake to a significant majority by January 1998.
On September 10, 1996, a judicial panel with the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals reversed a previous ruling that had prevented the NBA from enforcing restrictions on superstation game broadcasts. As a result, WGN-TV decided to limit the broadcast of 35 Bulls games to the Chicago area only.
On September 13, 1996, "WGN Morning News" was removed from the national feed, reportedly due to self-imposed exclusivity restrictions concerning the newscast's paid segments.
With the launch of "The Big Game" (later Mega Millions) in September 1996, WGN became the default broadcaster for the lottery in certain regions.
The Chicago Bulls, WGN, and the NBA reached a settlement agreement on December 12, 1996, regarding the broadcast of Bulls games. As part of the agreement, WGN-TV was allowed to broadcast the league's maximum of 41 games during the 1996-97 season. The agreement also established a revenue-sharing model for national broadcasts of Bulls games on WGN.
In 1996, Bell ExpressVu, now known as Bell Satellite TV, began distributing the Chicago-area signal of WGN when it started its operations.
Fox News was launched in 1996 with a conservative-leaning format.
In 1996, in line with the FCC's syndication exclusivity rules, the WGN superstation feed started substituting selected sporting events, further differentiating its programming from the local Chicago station.
By March 1997, TCI, a major cable provider, removed the WGN national feed from most of its systems across the U.S. This decision was partly due to the NBA's restrictions on broadcasting Bulls games nationally and partly due to TCI's need to free up space for additional cable channels as it prepared for digital cable service.
The Movie Channel retired its "eye-and-profile" logo in June 1997.
In 1997, the national WGN-TV signal simplified its branding to "WGN" outside of the Chicago area, differentiating its national identity.
In 1997, Tele-Communications Inc. (TCI) and Tribune explored the possibility of TCI acquiring a 50% stake in the WGN superstation feed, potentially transforming it into a basic cable channel. However, this proposal did not result in a deal.
In January 1998, TBS took a step towards becoming a more traditional cable channel, although it continued to relay programming through its Atlanta parent station for a period afterward.
In September 1998, The WeB, later renamed The WB 100+ Station Group, launched. This packaged feed provided WB network and syndicated programs to cable-based affiliates, expanding the network's reach, especially in smaller markets.
In December 1998, the Saturday edition of WGN-TV's weekend morning newscast was canceled.
Between 1998 and 2005, the amount of shared programming between WGN's Chicago and national feeds decreased. This was partly due to syndicators wanting exclusivity for their programs and opting for more lucrative deals with individual stations over the superstation feed.
Following its decision to drop the WGN national feed in 1997, TCI faced criticism from some subscribers who had lost access to programming, especially Cubs and White Sox games. By 1998, some TCI systems reinstated the WGN national feed due to these complaints and efforts by Tribune and United Video to leverage TBS's transition into a hybrid cable network to expand WGN's national reach.
In 1998, WGN's lottery game show "Illinois Instant Riches" was rebranded as "Illinois' Luckiest".
On January 27, 1999, Time Warner and Tribune agreed to stop relaying WB programming over the WGN superstation feed starting that fall. This decision was made as The WB expanded its local broadcast coverage, reducing the need for WGN's national feed.
The WB expanded its prime time schedule to six nights a week in September 1999.
Once WB programming was dropped in October 1999, films returned to a nightly airing schedule.
United Video Satellite Group acquired TV Guide magazine from News Corporation in 1999 and subsequently renamed itself TV Guide, Inc.
In 1999, "Charlando" was canceled after a 35-year run on WGN-TV.
After a seven-year hiatus, the Chicago Auto Show returned to WGN America's lineup in 1999, offering viewers across the country another chance to see the latest in the automotive industry.
In January 2000, "Adelante, Chicago," a bi-weekly program focusing on Chicago's Hispanic and Latino community, was added to the national feed, replacing "Charlando."
Gemstar International Group Limited acquired TV Guide, Inc., renaming itself Gemstar–TV Guide International. This acquisition marked a significant shift in the media landscape.
October 21, 2000, saw the conclusion of "Illinois Instant Riches", later renamed "Illinois' Luckiest", which aired on WGN.
Family Classics aired its final episode on December 25, 2000, concluding its original run on WGN-TV and its national feed.
By 2000, the removal of WB programs from the WGN superstation feed led to a schedule resembling an independent station. This resulted in a significant decline in The WB's potential audience, contributing to an estimated 19% drop in the network's season-to-season household audience.
Tribune Broadcasting purchased a majority interest in UVTV from Gemstar–TV Guide for $106 million. This acquisition gave Tribune responsibility for the retransmission, distribution, and promotion of the WGN superstation feed, transitioning WGN from a "passive" to an "active" superstation.
After a 41-year run, The Bozo Show aired its final episode on WGN-TV and nationally on July 14, 2001, marking the end of an era for the iconic children's program.
On September 10, 2001, the channel was renamed WGN Superstation, emphasizing its national programming. The WGN-TV Chicago signal retained the "WGN" branding with "Channel 9" as a sub-brand.
The superstation feed was renamed Superstation WGN on November 11, 2002, further solidifying its national presence. It also adopted the Akzidenz Grotesk "arrow G" logo with an oval and die-cut "S" emblem, representing its superstation status.
WGN America stopped broadcasting several Chicago events nationally in 2002, including the Chicago St. Patrick's Day Parade and the Chicago Auto Show. The Bud Billiken Parade continued to air nationally until 2011.
In 2003, Sinclair implemented the News Central hybrid format, producing national must-run segments with a noticeable conservative slant.
In 2004, a Securities and Exchange Commission investigation into Gemstar revealed that the company failed to disclose a $100 million advertising contract with Tribune related to the sale of Gemstar's stake in WGN.
By 2005, WGN's national feed relied more on programs acquired specifically for national carriage. This shift was driven by syndicators' preference for exclusivity and their unwillingness to license higher-profile programs to the superstation feed.
WGN America did not carry any programming from The CW when it launched in September 2006. This was because The CW, with its wide availability through over-the-air broadcast stations, digital subchannels, and local cable outlets, was readily accessible throughout the United States.
WGN America premiered Bozo, Gar and Ray: WGN TV Classics, a retrospective special celebrating WGN-TV's legacy of children's programming, in 2006.
Between 2006 and 2009, WGN America ran teen- and preteen-oriented sitcoms during mid-afternoon timeslots.
On January 17, 2007, Shaw Broadcast Services, WGN's main Canadian uplink carrier, switched its distributed feed to the Chicago signal, significantly reducing the distribution of the feed known as Superstation WGN in Canada.
Real estate investor Sam Zell announced his plan to purchase Tribune Company in a leveraged buyout worth $8.2 billion on April 1, 2007. The deal included a provision to grant Tribune employees stock ownership in the company.
The launch of the "Outta Sight Retro Night" block in August 2007 led to the removal of films from Sunday nights.
On August 26, 2007, the "Outta Sight Retro Night" block began, featuring classic sitcom reruns from the 1960s to the early 1990s.
On October 1, 2007, the national TBS channel separated from its Atlanta parent station, WTBS, making WGN America the last remaining American superstation with national distribution through cable and satellite providers.
The Tribune Company's privatization was finalized on December 20, 2007, upon the termination of its stock trading on the New York Stock Exchange. Sam Zell assumed the roles of chairman and CEO, marking a new chapter for the company.
From 2007, WGN America began airing the McDonald's Thanksgiving Parade, showcasing this Chicago tradition to a wider audience.
Due to NHL broadcast restrictions, WGN America was prohibited from carrying Chicago Blackhawks games starting in the 2007-2008 season. This marked the beginning of the channel's move away from sports programming.
On-air promotions started using the WGN America name in early May 2008, even though channel IDs continued using the "Superstation WGN" name for a transitional period.
On May 24, 2008, the channel dropped the "Superstation" identifier and became WGN America.
WGN America's new branding, including the slogan "TV You Can't Ignore" and an eye-like logo, was fully rolled out on May 26, 2008. This marked the first time the channel used a logo that didn't incorporate WGN-TV's branding in any form.
During June 2008, Tribune Company executives expressed interest in producing a late-night talk show hosted by Jay Leno, planning to utilize Tribune television stations and WGN America for distribution.
In July 2008, WGN America began revamping its programming lineup by acquiring more television series and adding marathon-style blocks on weekends. They also revised their on-screen logo, featuring a morphing eye-and-profile element.
On August 21, 2008, WGN America announced a partnership with WFBQ to broadcast a televised version of "The Bob & Tom Show".
As part of a larger trend among Tribune Broadcasting stations, WGN-TV adopted a more news-heavy schedule in September 2008. Despite this shift, WGN America did not clear any of the newly added newscasts, maintaining its existing programming lineup.
On September 15, 2008, WGN-TV expanded its local news programming, including launching a half-hour early-evening newscast. However, these expanded newscasts were not carried by WGN America.
In October 2008, "WGN News at Noon" expanded into the preceding hour and was renamed "WGN Midday News."
"The Bob & Tom Show" debuted on WGN America on November 3, 2008, initially in a standard late-night slot.
On December 8, 2008, burdened by a significant debt load, the Tribune Company filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection, marking a pivotal moment in the company's history and the media industry.
In December 2008, NBC reached an agreement with Jay Leno to host a new prime time talk show, ultimately leading to the cancellation of "The Jay Leno Show" in February 2010 and Leno's return to "The Tonight Show".
Tribune reached a deal with World Wrestling Entertainment on December 19, 2008, to broadcast "WWE Superstars".
WGN updated its logo wordmark in 2008, reflecting a branding evolution for the station.
The NHL's new joint broadcast-cable contract with NBCUniversal, which commenced with the 2008-2009 season, further solidified the restrictions on WGN America carrying Chicago Blackhawks games.
Since 2008, MSNBC had gravitated towards liberal opinion/talk programs.
In January 2009, WGN America further simplified its logo, deemphasizing the eye-and-profile element and focusing on the channel's wordmark text as the primary logo.
In April 2009, WGN America underwent another significant rebrand, introducing a retro-style logo, a new five-note sounder, updated graphics, the slogan "Everywhere America Calls Home," and a focus on original programming to expand its reach beyond Chicago and the Midwest.
"WWE Superstars" premiered on WGN America on April 16, 2009.
WGN-TV further expanded its midday newscast on October 5, 2009, extending it to 11:00 a.m. Central Time. This expansion also did not air on WGN America.
By 2009, the teen and preteen sitcoms were moved to overnight graveyard slots and then removed from the channel entirely.
Tribune sold the Chicago Cubs to Thomas S. Ricketts in late 2009, a factor that contributed to the decision to drop the national telecasts of Cubs games due to high rights fees and sub-par team performance.
Between 2009 and 2010, films were removed from Thursday nights to accommodate original programs.
When Illinois joined Powerball in January 2010, WGN became the default broadcaster for the lottery in some states.
Due to low national viewership and concerns about its impact on local news, NBC canceled "The Jay Leno Show" in February 2010. This decision led to Leno's return to "The Tonight Show" and Conan O'Brien's departure from NBC.
In April 2010, "Earl Pitts Uhmerikun," a television version of the radio commentary series, premiered on WGN America.
On July 1, 2010, WGN America further refined its logo, adopting a more minimalistic graphic style, reflecting the network's evolution and its goal of appealing to a broader audience.
The "Outta Sight Retro Night" block ended on September 5, 2010.
The television broadcast of "The Bob & Tom Show" ended on September 13, 2010.
On September 18, 2010, WGN America relegated its movie telecasts to Sunday afternoons and weekend late nights.
WGN-TV reintroduced a weekend morning newscast to its schedule on October 2, 2010, initially as an hour-long broadcast. This broadcast was also not carried by WGN America.
In 2010, WGN America chose not to air the Chicago Blackhawks' victory parade following their Stanley Cup championship win, further demonstrating the channel's shift away from sports programming.
Tribune launched Antenna TV, a broadcast network focusing on classic television series, on January 1, 2011.
"WWE Superstars" was dropped from WGN America's lineup after the April 7, 2011 telecast.
"Earl Pitts Uhmerikun" aired on WGN America until November 2011.
After more than three decades of national broadcasts, the Bud Billiken Parade's run on WGN America concluded in 2011. The parade, a Chicago tradition since 1929, had been a staple of the network's summer programming.
Sinclair Broadcast Group began its acquisition spree in 2011 with the purchase of Four Points Media Group.
WGN America opted not to air a half-hour special paying tribute to the late Cubs player and broadcaster Ron Santo in 2011, signifying their move away from sports-related content.
WGN's "Little Lotto" lottery drawing was renamed "Lucky Day Lotto" in 2011.
Peter Liguori, a former executive at Fox and Discovery Communications, joined the Tribune Company as President and CEO in December 2012, bringing his extensive experience in the media industry to lead the company's transformation.
On December 31, 2012, the Tribune Company emerged from bankruptcy under new ownership, with plans to transform WGN America from a superstation into a conventional cable-originated entertainment channel, similar to TBS's earlier transition.
Until 2012, the channel's morning and early afternoon schedule heavily relied on reruns of television series, but this decreased afterward.
After the 2012 edition, the Muscular Dystrophy Association discontinued the syndicated distribution of its annual Labor Day telethon, ending WGN America's simulcast of the event, which had been running since 1979.
Tribune Studios, a production and distribution unit, was formed in March 2013 to develop syndicated programs.
On March 19, 2013, Matt Cherniss was appointed as the first president and general manager of WGN America and Tribune Studios. This strategic move signaled the network's commitment to producing original content.
In May 2013, WGN America discontinued its practice of filling its primetime lineup with sitcom reruns, a strategy it had been employing since September 13, 2010.
Prime time films returned on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays in May 2013.
On June 4, 2013, WGN America placed a 13-episode order for "Salem," its first original scripted program.
In September 2013, Dish Network stopped offering its a la carte superstation tier to new subscribers, limiting access to the remaining Tribune-owned superstations (WPIX, KTLA, and KWGN-TV) to existing customers of the tier.
Dish Network stopped selling its a la carte superstations tier to new subscribers in September 2013, impacting the national availability of stations like WPIX, KTLA, and KWGN.
In 2013, WGN America started acquiring exclusive cable rights to programs eligible for syndication as part of a shift towards operating as a conventional cable network.
WGN America discontinued its simulcast of the 9:00 p.m. WGN News after the January 30, 2014, edition. This marked a significant step in the channel's move away from its superstation format and towards a more traditional cable model.
On January 31, 2014, WGN discontinued its nighttime broadcasts of various lottery drawings, including Pick 3, Pick 4, Lotto with Extra Shot, Lucky Day Lotto, Powerball, and Mega Millions.
On February 3, 2014, WGN America began clearing the 4:00 a.m. Central Time hour of WGN-TV's weekday morning newscast. This was part of a gradual expansion of morning news programming on the channel.
The Iowa Lottery, which had been using Illinois' lottery numbers for its Pick 3 and Pick 4 games due to WGN's broad reach, ended this practice in April 2014. This coincided with WGN's ongoing phaseout of national lottery broadcasts.
"Salem" premiered on April 20, 2014.
In May 2014, during the MoffattNathanson Media & Communications Summit, Tribune President and CEO Peter Liguori announced plans for a major promotional campaign for WGN America, including utilizing local ad time during Super Bowl XLVIII on Tribune Broadcasting's Fox-affiliated stations. The goal was to position WGN America as a conventional cable channel and expand its distribution to higher-end basic programming tiers by 2016.
On May 30, 2014, as part of its transformation into a general entertainment cable channel, WGN America announced it would phase out national carriage of WGN-TV-originated Chicago Cubs, Bulls, and White Sox game telecasts by the end of the year.
In August 2014, following its restructuring, the Tribune Company spun off its publishing division to concentrate on its broadcasting, digital media, and real estate holdings.
By September 8, 2014, WGN-TV's half-hour early-evening newscast, first launched in 2008, had gradually expanded into a two-hour broadcast. Weekend editions had also been added in July of that year. None of this expanded programming was carried on WGN America.
By September 2014, WGN America had phased out simulcasts of WGN-TV's midday and 9:00 p.m. newscasts. This was part of a larger shift towards original programming and a move away from the superstation model.
On December 6, 2014, WGN America aired its final WGN Sports-produced game telecast, a contest between the Chicago Bulls and the Golden State Warriors at Chicago's United Center.
On December 13, 2014, WGN America officially transitioned into a conventional cable-originated channel, ending national simulcasts of WGN-TV's local programming, including newscasts, special events, and sports telecasts.
In December 2014, WGN America concluded its regular broadcasts of Chicago sports, which had been a mainstay on the channel since November 1978.
In December 2014, WGN America underwent a significant programming restructure, transitioning from a superstation model to a more conventional cable network. This shift involved a move away from simulcasting WGN-TV's programming in favor of original and acquired content.
WGN America became available as a basic-tier channel in the Chicago metropolitan area in December 2014, expanding its reach to viewers beyond those with satellite TV.
In December 2014, WGN America completed its transition from a superstation broadcasting a local station's signal to a conventional cable network with its own programming lineup.
WGN America added the 5:00 a.m. Central Time hour of WGN-TV's weekday morning newscast to its lineup on December 15, 2014, further expanding its morning news programming.
WGN America underwent a significant transformation in December 2014, shifting from a superstation to a conventional basic cable network. This change involved adding original scripted programming and removing WGN-TV's local programs from its schedule, making it available in the Chicago market.
By 2014, WGN America had phased out the national broadcast of several Chicago-based programs, including the McDonald's Thanksgiving Parade, as part of its transition to a more traditional cable network.
Effective January 1, 2015, Tribune Broadcasting terminated all Canadian distribution rights for WGN America. This decision was likely made to comply with CRTC-enforced genre protection rules that prohibited maintaining a general entertainment programming format.
"Wrestling with Death," the network's first unscripted series, debuted on January 13, 2015.
In the spring of 2015, WGN-TV regained national availability when Channel Master, an over-the-top streaming service, included the Chicago feed in its LinearTV offerings.
Speculation began in January 2016 that Sinclair might use WGN America's reach to launch a conservative-leaning news channel, driven by its acquisition of the Tennis Channel.
WGN America became available to Cablevision subscribers in the New York City metropolitan area on January 15, 2016, as part of a deal that also saw Cablevision acquire Tribune Media's ownership interest in Newsday Holdings.
"Underground," a slavery-era period drama, premiered on WGN America in March 2016.
On June 12, 2016, at 7:00 pm Eastern Time, Dish Network removed Tribune Broadcasting's 43 television stations and WGN America from its lineup due to an unresolved carriage contract renewal. WGN America's slot was replaced by a duplicate feed of TNT during the blackout.
Despite phasing out regular season sports broadcasts, WGN America aired the Chicago Cubs' World Series victory parade on November 4, 2016.
By 2016, Tribune aimed to complete the transition of WGN America to a higher-end basic programming tier across all participating American multichannel television providers, solidifying its position as a conventional cable channel.
WGN America's viewership gradually increased since the introduction of original scripted series, posting its highest monthly ratings in March 2017.
As of March 31, 2017, Sinclair Broadcast Group had accumulated an estimated $3.268 billion in debt through various station purchases since 2011.
On May 8, 2017, Sinclair Broadcast Group announced plans to acquire Tribune Media for $3.9 billion in cash and stock, taking on $2.7 billion in debt. Sinclair aimed to reposition WGN America with cost-effective original programming.
Sinclair Broadcast Group announced its proposed purchase of Tribune Media on May 10, 2017.
The Akzidenz Grotesk "arrow G" logo, introduced in 2002, was used by Superstation WGN until May 15, 2017.
On July 31, 2017, WGN America acquired the U.S. television rights to the Canadian drama "Bellevue," starring Anna Paquin. This marked the beginning of the network's focus on scripted programs with lower production costs.
On January 23, 2018, "Bellevue" premiered on WGN America, marking the first of the licensed series to debut in the U.S. on the channel.
On March 14, 2018, former wrestling executive Eric Bischoff supported the Sinclair-Tribune deal during a Q&A session, suggesting it could help expand Sinclair-owned Ring of Honor's reach.
In September 2018, WGN America began airing a revival of "Ring Warriors." This marked the return of professional wrestling to the network since the last broadcast of WWE Superstars on April 7, 2011.
On December 3, 2018, Nexstar Media Group announced it would acquire Tribune's assets, including WGN America, for $6.4 billion in cash and debt.
Until the 2018–19 season, WGN-TV was available as part of the NHL Centre Ice sports package, primarily for simulcasts of Chicago Blackhawks games. Despite the changes to WGN America's distribution, many Canadian providers continue to receive WGN-TV.
During retransmission consent negotiations in January 2019, Charter Communications removed WGN America and Tribune-owned television stations from its Spectrum systems for nine days, arguing that WGN America was an extraneous asset with low viewership.
On January 23, 2019, the Canadian crime drama "Pure" made its U.S. debut on WGN America.
WGN America returned to unscripted reality programming with the July 2019 premiere of "Dog's Most Wanted," featuring Duane "Dog" Chapman and his team of bounty hunters.
WGN-TV's long-standing broadcasting partnership with the Chicago Cubs concluded in September 2019, marking the end of an era for both the station and the team's fans.
On September 19, 2019, Nexstar Media Group finalized its purchase of Tribune, expanding the responsibilities of WGN America president/general manager Matt Cherniss.
In October 2019, Nexstar commissioned research that led to the development of NewsNation to address dissatisfaction with opinion-based programming on other cable news channels.
AT&T TV had carried WGN America since October 2019.
In 2019, Nexstar Media Group acquired WGN America as part of its purchase of Tribune Media's assets, marking a significant change in ownership for the network and making it Nexstar's only wholly owned national cable-originated network.
On January 15, 2020, WGN America announced the launch of "NewsNation," a three-hour-long, nightly prime time newscast, set to premiere on September 1, 2020.
WGN America took a step toward its future as a news network in March 2020, introducing a straight-news format during the evening and early overnight hours with the daily national prime time newscast, NewsNation.
On September 1, 2020, WGN America launched NewsNation, a three-hour-long prime time newscast developed to provide straight news programming.
During December 2020, Nexstar reached agreements to add WGN America to YouTube TV, FuboTV, Hulu, and Sling TV, expanding its distribution footprint.
In January 2021, Nexstar reached an agreement to add WGN America to Vidgo, further expanding the channel's reach.
On January 25, 2021, Nexstar Media Group announced it would relaunch WGN America under the NewsNation brand on March 1, expanding its news programming to eight hours per day.
In February 2021, WGN America was relaunched under the NewsNation brand, with straight news programs gradually migrating to the daytime hours and talk and analysis programs occupying the evening and prime time slots.
WGN America, after over four decades, concluded its run as a subscription television network on February 28, 2021, marking a significant shift in the American television landscape.
Nexstar Media Group relaunched WGN America as NewsNation on March 1, 2021, signifying a strategic move towards a news-focused programming format.
In September 2021, NewsNation launched the morning news program Morning in America.
In July 2022, former CNN host Chris Cuomo joined NewsNation as a prime-time host.
In 2023, WGN was exempted from a Nexstar mandate that shut down most of its stations' live video streams.
NewsNation plans to switch to an all-news programming format full-time in 2024, around the time of the presidential and legislative elections.
Nexstar Media Group plans to complete the transformation of NewsNation into a full-fledged news and discussion network by late 2024. This transition will involve phasing out the remaining entertainment programming inherited from WGN America.