Walmart Inc. is a multinational retail corporation operating hypermarkets, discount department stores, and grocery stores in the U.S. and internationally. Founded in 1962 by brothers Sam and James "Bud" Walton in Rogers, Arkansas, its headquarters are in Bentonville, Arkansas. Walmart also owns and operates Sam's Club retail warehouses. It is one of the world's largest companies by revenue.
In 1945, Sam Walton, a businessman and former J. C. Penney employee, purchased a Ben Franklin store branch from the Butler Brothers. He focused on selling products at low prices to drive higher-volume sales, which he viewed as a consumer-oriented crusade.
In 1954, Sol Price founded FedMart, a chain of discount department stores, which inspired Sam Walton when founding Wal-Mart. Walton liked Sol's FedMart name.
In 1961, Sam Walton visited Ann & Hope, which inspired the design of the first Wal-Mart store.
On July 2, 1962, Sam Walton opened the first Wal-Mart Discount City store at 719 W. Walnut Street in Rogers, Arkansas. The design was inspired by Ann & Hope and FedMart.
In 1962, brothers Sam and James "Bud" Walton founded Walmart Inc. in Rogers, Arkansas. The company initially operated as a chain of hypermarkets, discount department stores, and grocery stores.
In 1968, Walmart opened its first stores outside of Arkansas, specifically in Sikeston, Missouri, and Claremore, Oklahoma, expanding its regional presence.
On October 31, 1969, the company was officially incorporated as Wal-Mart, Inc. under the Delaware General Corporation Law.
On October 1, 1970, Wal-Mart began trading stock as a publicly held company and was soon listed on the New York Stock Exchange, marking its entry into the public market.
In 1970, Wal-Mart established its home office and first distribution center in Bentonville, Arkansas, supporting its growing network of 38 stores.
In May 1971, Wal-Mart had its first stock split for $47 per share, indicating growing investor interest and confidence in the company.
In 1971, Walmart had a building that would be replaced with a newer building.
In 1972, Walmart was listed on the New York Stock Exchange, marking a significant milestone in the company's growth.
In 1973, Wal-Mart expanded its operations into Tennessee, further extending its regional footprint.
In 1974, Wal-Mart continued its expansion by entering Kentucky and Mississippi.
In 1975, Wal-Mart expanded into Texas, bringing the total number of stores to 125 and employing 7,500 people with total sales of $340.3 million.
In the 1980s, Walmart briefly experimented with Hyper-Mart, a precursor to the Supercenter, combining features of discount stores, supermarkets, pharmacies, video arcades, and other amenities.
In 1983, Walmart, Inc. opened the first Sam's Club in Midwest City, Oklahoma, under the name "Sam's Wholesale Club". The chain was named after its founder Sam Walton.
By 1984, Sam Walton had begun to source between 6% and 40% of his company's products from China, marking a significant shift in the company's supply chain strategy.
By the company's 25th anniversary in 1987, there were 1,198 Wal-Mart stores with sales of $15.9 billion and 200,000 associates.
In 1987, Walmart completed its satellite network, a $24 million investment linking all stores with two-way voice and data transmissions and one-way video communications with the Bentonville office. It was the largest private satellite network at the time.
By 1988, Walmart had risen to become the most profitable retailer in the U.S., showcasing its growing dominance in the market.
In 1988, Sam Walton stepped down as CEO and was replaced by David Glass. Walton remained as chairman of the board. During this year, the first Wal-Mart Supercenter opened in Washington, Missouri.
In 1988, the first Walmart Supercenter opened in Washington, Missouri.
Since 1988, Wal-Mart used the advertising slogan "Always Low Prices, Always".
In October 1989, Walmart became the largest retailer in the U.S. in terms of revenue, solidifying its position as a leading force in the retail industry.
In November 1989, Sam's Club, a retail warehouse owned and operated by Walmart, opened its doors in New Jersey, marking its expansion into the Northeast region.
A net increase in employment (55 jobs) was found in a study of West Virginia counties between 1989 and 1998.
In July 1990, Walmart opened its first store in California, located in Lancaster, marking its entry into the West Coast market.
In October 1990, Walmart expanded into the Northeast with the opening of its first main store in York, Pennsylvania.
By 1990, Walmart had become the largest U.S. retailer by revenue, surpassing its rivals Kmart and Sears in profitability by the late 1980s.
In 1990, Walmart expanded to the West Coast and the Northeast.
In 1990, Walmart opened its first Bud's Discount City location in Bentonville. Bud's operated as a closeout store.
In 1991, Wal-Mart expanded its operations into Mexico, marking its entry into the international market.
In 1991, Walmart began offering private label brands with the launch of Sam's Choice, a line of drinks produced by Primo Water.
In 1991, Walmart opened its first international store in Mexico.
Following Sam Walton's death in 1992, Don Soderquist, Chief Operating Officer and Senior Vice Chairman, became known as the "Keeper of the Culture".
Hillary Clinton left Walmart's board before the 1992 U.S. presidential election.
Since Sam Walton's death in 1992, Walmart and the Walmart Foundation dramatically increased charitable giving.
By 1993, Sam's Choice quickly became popular and was the third-most-popular beverage brand in the United States.
In 1993, Walmart stopped selling handguns in all U.S. states, except for Alaska.
On January 14, 1994, Walmart expanded into Canada by acquiring 122 stores from the Woolco division of Woolworth Canada, Inc.
In 1994, Wal-Mart continued its international expansion by opening stores in Canada.
In 1995, Wal-Mart opened its first store in Vermont, completing its presence in all U.S. states.
The McKinsey Global Institute study of U.S. labor productivity growth began in 1995 and concluded in 2000. It found that Walmart significantly contributed to productivity acceleration in general merchandise.
Walmart Argentina was founded in 1995, operating stores under the banners Walmart Supercenter, Changomas, Mi Changomas, and Punto Mayorista.
In 1996, there were 1,995 Walmart Discount Stores at its peak.
By 1997, all of the Bud's Discount City stores had closed or converted into Walmart Discount Stores.
Following its entry into the market in 1997, Walmart had captured just 2 percent of the German food market and remained a "secondary player" behind Aldi with 19 percent.
In 1997, Wal-Mart was added to the Dow Jones Industrial Average, signifying its importance and influence in the U.S. economy.
In 1997, Walmart acquired the Wertkauf supermarket chain in Germany for DM750 million, adding 21 stores to its portfolio.
In 1997, Walmart entered Indonesia by opening stores in Lippo Supermall (now Supermal Karawaci) and Megamall Pluit (now Pluit Village) through a joint-venture with Lippo Group.
Kenneth Stone, Professor of Economics at Iowa State University, found in a 1997 paper that some small towns can lose almost half of their retail trade within ten years of a Walmart store opening.
A net increase in employment (55 jobs) was found in a study of West Virginia counties between 1989 and 1998.
In 1998, Wal-Mart introduced the Neighborhood Market concept with three stores in Arkansas, marking its entry into smaller-format grocery retailing.
In 1998, Walmart surpassed Toys "R" Us in toy sales due to the contribution of its superstores, marking a significant achievement in the toy retail market.
Walmart entered the South Korean market in 1998.
In July 1999, Wal-Mart entered the European market by acquiring Asda in the United Kingdom for US$10 billion, marking its first major expansion into Europe.
According to the Forbes Global 2000 list, Walmart is the world's 23rd-largest public corporation.
Between 2000 and 2010, Walmart's entry into new areas often lowered local food prices at other stores.
From 1980 to 2000, Walmart's success is believed to be its contiguous pattern of expansion over time, building new distribution centers in a hub and spoke framework within driving distance of existing Supercenters.
In 2000, H. Lee Scott became Wal-Mart's president and CEO, a period when the company's sales increased to $165 billion.
In 2000, Lee Scott took over as CEO of Walmart and initiated aggressive cost-cutting measures. These included the removal of store greeters, increased use of self-checkout stations, and rapid store expansion, ultimately contributing to a rise in crime.
The McKinsey Global Institute study of U.S. labor productivity growth concluded in 2000. The study concluded that Wal-Mart directly and indirectly caused the bulk of the productivity acceleration in general merchandise between 1995 and 2000, representing 16 percent of total productivity growth in the retail sector.
According to a consultant, in 2001, Wal-Mart's Equal Employment Opportunity Commission filings showed that female employees made up 65 percent of Wal-Mart's hourly paid workforce, but only 33 percent of its management.
In 2001, a McKinsey Global Institute study concluded that "Wal-Mart directly and indirectly caused the bulk of the productivity acceleration" in general merchandise between 1995 and 2000, representing 16 percent of total productivity growth in the retail sector.
In 2001, the Economic Policy Institute started tracking Wal-Mart's trade deficit with China and estimated that this deficit caused a loss of nearly 200,000 U.S. jobs between 2001 and 2006.
Between 2002, Walmart owned the Amigo supermarkets chain in Puerto Rico.
In 2002, Walmart was listed for the first time as America's largest corporation on the Fortune 500 list, with revenues of $219.8 billion and profits of $6.7 billion.
In the Human Rights Campaign's (HRC) 2002 Corporate Equality Index, Wal-Mart Stores Inc. received a score of 14%, measuring how the company treats LGBT employees and customers.
In 2003, Walmart added sexual orientation to their anti-discrimination policy, marking a step toward inclusivity.
Tom Coughlin joined Walmart's board in 2003.
A poll after the 2004 U.S. presidential election reported that 76 percent of voters who shopped at Walmart once a week voted for George W. Bush, while only 23 percent supported Senator John Kerry.
In 2004, Walmart acquired 118 stores in the Bompreço supermarket chain located in northeastern Brazil.
In 2004, Walmart responded to competition from dollar stores by testing its own dollar store concept, a subsection of some stores called "Pennies-n-Cents".
In 2004, a paper indicated that U.S. counties with Walmart stores suffered increased poverty compared to counties without Walmarts, though it is difficult to distinguish the effects of Walmart from other factors.
In 2004, consumer savings was at $2,329.
In 2004, it was alleged that a bribe of US$52,000 was paid to change a zoning map in order to open a Walmart store a mile from a historical site in San Juan Teotihuacán.
Tom Coughlin served on Walmart's board in 2004.
Walmart began testing the Site-To-Store program in 2004 on a limited basis, before its official introduction in 2007.
In September 2005, a former executive of Walmart de Mexico alleged that the company had paid bribes to officials throughout Mexico in exchange for construction permits and other favors.
In September 2005, in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, Wal-Mart utilized its logistics network to provide rapid disaster relief, donating $20 million, 1,500 truckloads of merchandise, and food for 100,000 meals, and promising jobs to displaced workers.
In November 2005, Wal-Mart announced a series of environmental measures to increase energy efficiency and improve its environmental record. These included investments in fuel efficiency for its truck fleet, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and energy use, and cutting solid waste.
In December 2005, Tom Coughlin left Walmart after pleading guilty to wire fraud and tax evasion for stealing hundreds of thousands of dollars from Walmart.
A 2005 story in The Washington Post reported that "Wal-Mart's discounting on food alone boosts the welfare of American shoppers by at least US$50 billion per year."
By 2005, estimates indicated that Walmart controlled approximately 20 percent of the retail grocery and consumables business, solidifying its significant presence in the market.
In 2005, Walmart donated US$20 million in cash and merchandise for Hurricane Katrina relief.
In 2005, Walmart reported US$312.4 billion in sales, with more than 6,200 facilities around the world, including 3,800 stores in the United States and 2,800 elsewhere, employing more than 1.6 million associates.
In 2005, Walmart's definition of family began including same-sex partners, extending benefits and recognition.
In late 2005, Walmart gained control of the Brazilian operations of Sonae Distribution Group through its subsidiary, WMS Supermercados do Brasil.
In May 2006, Walmart sold all 16 of its South Korean outlets to Shinsegae, a local retailer, for US$882 million. Shinsegae rebranded the Walmarts as E-mart stores.
In July 2006, Walmart announced its withdrawal from Germany due to sustained losses, selling its stores to Metro.
In September 2006, Walmart announced a pilot program to sell generic drugs at $4 per prescription. The program was launched at stores in the Tampa, Florida, area.
In November 2006, Walmart Canada opened its first three Supercentres in Ancaster, London, and Stouffville, Ontario.
In November 2006, Walmart announced a joint venture with Bharti Enterprises to operate in India, focusing on wholesale while Bharti managed retail outlets.
A 2006 study highlighted the significant mind-share Walmart holds among shoppers concerning the awareness of private label brands and retailers.
By 2006, the Economic Policy Institute estimated that Wal-Mart's trade deficit with China between 2001 and 2006 alone represented a loss of nearly 200,000 U.S. jobs, with Wal-Mart accounting for 9.3% of total U.S. imports from China.
In 2006, American newspaper columnist George Will stated that In terms of economic effects, "Wal-Mart and its effects save shoppers more than US$200 billion a year, dwarfing such government programs as food stamps (US$28.6 billion) and the earned income tax credit (US$34.6 billion)".
In 2006, Asda, Walmart's UK subsidiary, accounted for 42.7 percent of Walmart's international division sales.
In 2006, Charles Fishman published "The Wal-Mart Effect", a book examining the operation of Wal-Mart's supply chain and its impact on the economy and society.
In 2006, Global Insight found that Wal-Mart's price level reduction resulted in $287 billion in savings for consumers, equating to $957 per person or $2,500 per household.
In 2006, Wal-Mart announced plans to remodel its U.S. stores to attract a broader range of demographics, including wealthier shoppers. The company introduced a new store in Plano, Texas, featuring high-end electronics, jewelry, expensive wines, and a sushi bar.
In 2006, Walmart announced that diversity efforts include new groups of minority, female, and gay employees, advising the company on marketing and internal promotion.
In 2006, Walmart modified its U.S. stores from a "one-size-fits-all" merchandising strategy to one designed to reflect each of six demographic groups. Around six months later, it unveiled a new slogan: "Saving people money so they can live better lives".
In 2006, Walmart was not listed as America's largest corporation on the Fortune 500 list.
In 2006, frequent Walmart shoppers were rated the most politically conservative when measured against similar retailers in the U.S.
In later research in 2006, Artz and Stone reported that in Mississippi the impact of opening a Walmart was much larger on existing retailers in rural communities (17%) than more urban ones (4%).
Walmart eliminated its layaway program in 2006.
By January 2007, Walmart's pilot program to sell generic drugs at $4 per prescription had been expanded to all stores in Florida.
On February 6, 2007, Walmart launched a "beta" version of a movie download service, which sold about 3,000 films and television episodes from all major studios and television networks.
In June 2007, Walmart discontinued the practice of associates wearing signature blue vests and replaced them with khaki pants and polo shirts as part of a corporate overhaul to increase sales.
On September 12, 2007, Wal-Mart launched a new advertising slogan, "Save money. Live better.", replacing the previous slogan "Always Low Prices, Always".
On December 21, 2007, Walmart discontinued its movie download service due to low sales.
In 2007, Wal-Mart worked with consultants to assess its environmental impact and identify areas for improvement. Wal-Mart also created its own electric company in Texas, Texas Retail Energy, to supply its stores with cheaper power and potentially sell electricity to Texas consumers in the future.
In 2007, a gender discrimination lawsuit, Dukes v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., was filed against Walmart, alleging that female employees were discriminated against in matters regarding pay and promotions.
Walmart introduced its Site-To-Store program in 2007, following a limited testing period since 2004. The program allows customers to buy goods online with free shipping to the nearest store for pickup.
On June 30, 2008, Wal-Mart updated its logo by removing the hyphen and replacing the star with a Spark symbol. The store branding became "Walmart", while the corporate name retained the hyphen as "Wal-Mart".
On July 1, 2008, the new Walmart logo made its debut on the company's website.
A 2008 economic analysis published in the journal Economic Inquiry suggested that "the process of creative destruction unleashed by Wal‐Mart has had no statistically significant long‐run impact on the overall size and profitability of the small business sector in the United States".
As of 2008, Walmart held 100 percent ownership of Seiyu in Japan.
From 2006 to 2008, Walmart was a member of the National Gay & Lesbian Chamber of Commerce, showing support for LGBT business interests.
In 2008, Walmart introduced a new logo, and the "Supercenter" name has since been phased out, with stores now simply referred to as "Walmart".
In 2008, Walmart started a pilot program in the small grocery store concept called Marketside in the metropolitan Phoenix, Arizona area.
In 2008, the previous Walmart logo was designed. It was redesigned in January 2025.
In January 2009, Walmart acquired a controlling interest in the largest grocer in Chile, Distribución y Servicio D&S SA.
On January 31, 2009, Walmart reported its financial figures for the fiscal year, which showed $401.2 billion in net sales, a 7.2% increase from the prior year. Income from continuing operations increased by 3% to $13.3 billion, and earnings per share rose by 6% to $3.35.
On March 20, 2009, Walmart announced it was paying a combined US$933.6 million in bonuses to every full and part-time hourly worker, in addition to other contributions and discounts, while reporting solid financial figures amidst an ongoing recession.
On April 29, 2009, Walmart opened its first Supermercado de Walmart, a store aimed at Hispanic communities, in Houston.
On May 30, 2009, the first Best Price Modern Wholesale store, operated by Walmart, opened in Amritsar, India.
In 2009, Walmart launched its Marketplace.
In 2009, Walmart was not listed as America's largest corporation on the Fortune 500 list.
In early 2009, Walmart Canada began adopting the new logo for its stores.
On February 22, 2010, Walmart confirmed its acquisition of the video streaming company Vudu, Inc. for approximately $100 million.
On September 28, 2010, Walmart announced its intention to purchase Massmart Holdings Ltd. of Johannesburg, South Africa, for over US$4 billion, marking its entry into the African market.
A 2010 study by Ailawadi and others examined the impact of new Walmarts in detail and reported that median sales dropped 40 percent at similar high-volume stores, 17 percent at supermarkets and 6 percent at drugstores.
Between 2000 and 2010, Walmart's entry into new areas often lowered local food prices at other stores.
By 2010, Walmart said it was ready to accelerate its expansion plans for the grocery stores.
By 2010, following the acquisitions of Bompreço and Sonae, Walmart had risen to become the third-largest supermarket chain in Brazil.
In 2010, Asda, Walmart's UK subsidiary, expanded its presence by acquiring stores from Netto UK.
In 2010, Distribución y Servicio D&S SA was renamed Walmart Chile.
In 2010, Walmart partnered with Procter & Gamble to produce two-hour family movies, Secrets of the Mountain and The Jensen Project, which featured characters using Walmart and Procter & Gamble-branded products. A third movie, A Walk in My Shoes, also aired in 2010.
Walmart's layaway program remained eliminated in 2010.
In April 2011, Walmart acquired Kosmix to develop software for analyzing real-time data streams.
On June 20, 2011, the United States Supreme Court ruled in Wal-Mart's favor in Dukes v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., stating that the plaintiffs did not have enough in common to constitute a class.
In 2011, California, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Illinois, and Wisconsin experienced some of the largest increases in Walmart Supercenters between 2011 and 2020.
In 2011, Walmart added gender identity to their anti-discrimination policy, further expanding protections for transgender employees.
In 2011, the four Marketside stores closed.
Since 2011, Walmart had been running a pilot program with Walmart Express stores. Some of these stores were later converted into Neighborhood Markets in 2014, but were included in the store closures of 2016.
Walmart revived its layaway program in 2011.
By the end of January 2012, Walmart planned to build 15 to 20 Walmart Express stores, focusing on Arkansas, North Carolina, and Chicago.
In February 2012, Walmart increased its stake to 51 percent in Chinese online supermarket Yihaodian.
In April 2012, The New York Times reported allegations of bribery by Walmart de Mexico, detailing payments made to Mexican officials for construction permits and other advantages.
In June 2012, visa workers partnered with Walmart held a protest and day-long hunger strike outside of a Walmart board member's apartment due to alleged mistreatment by CJ's Seafood. Following this protest, Walmart decided to no longer work with CJ's Seafood.
In August 2012, Walmart announced its Polaris search engine.
On September 14, 2012, the Government of India approved 51 percent FDI in multi-brand retail, effective September 20, 2012, subject to individual state approval.
September 20, 2012 marks the effective date for the Indian government's approval of 51 percent Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in multi-brand retail, contingent upon approval from individual states.
On November 14, 2012, Walmart launched 'Goodies', its first mail subscription service. Customers paid $7 monthly for a delivery of five to eight food samples.
In November 2012, Walmart admitted to spending US$25 million lobbying the Indian National Congress, leading to an internal investigation for potential violations of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act.
As of December 2012, Walmart was conducting internal investigations into possible violations of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act. These investigations extended beyond Mexico, implicating operations in China, Brazil, and India.
On December 17, 2012, a follow-up investigation by The New York Times revealed evidence that regulatory permission for siting, construction, and operation of nineteen stores had been obtained through bribery.
David Merriman, Joseph Persky, Julie Davis and Ron Baiman outlined the impacts of Walmart in Chicago in 2012. Based on three annual surveys of enterprises within a four-mile radius of a new Chicago Walmart it shows that the probability of going out of business was significantly higher for establishments close to that store.
In 2012, Walmart was not listed as America's largest corporation on the Fortune 500 list.
In 2012, Walmart's pork and mango supply chain was contaminated, resulting in a large number of customers suffering from severe food poisoning. Walmart recalled all contaminated pork and mangoes to prevent further sales.
In August 2013, Walmart announced it was in discussions to acquire a majority stake in Naivas, a supermarket chain based in Kenya.
In October 2013, Bharti and Walmart decided to separate and pursue their businesses in India independently.
In November 2013, the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) announced that in 13 U.S. states, Wal-Mart had pressured employees not to engage in strikes on Black Friday and illegally disciplined workers who had engaged in strikes.
Ellickson & Grieco report in the Journal of Urban Economics in 2013 that Wal-Marts most strongly affect outlets of larger chains that are within 2 miles (3.2 km) of their location.
In 2013, Murphy USA, which operates fuel stations at some Walmart locations, spun off from Murphy Oil.
In 2013, Walmart began offering health insurance benefits to domestic partners, providing more inclusive benefits.
In 2013, Walmart's Goodies mail subscription service, which provided monthly food samples, was shut down after a brief period of operation.
As of January 2014, Walmart operated a substantial number of stores in Brazil including 61 Bompreço supermarkets, 39 Hiper Bompreço stores, 57 Walmart Supercenters, 27 Sam's Clubs, and 174 Todo Dia stores.
Doug McMillon became Walmart's CEO on February 1, 2014. He previously served as the head of Sam's Club and Walmart International.
In February 2014, the Walmart Foundation pledged to support U.S. manufacturers by purchasing US$250 billion worth of American-made products over the next decade.
In June 2014, some Walmart employees in major U.S. cities went on strike, demanding higher wages.
In July 2014, actor Tracy Morgan sued Walmart seeking punitive damages over a multi-car pile-up caused by a Walmart truck driver who had allegedly not slept for 24 hours. The accident resulted in injuries and one death. Walmart settled with the McNair family for $10 million, admitting no liability.
In September 2014, Walmart updated its uniform policy, reintroducing vests for store employees, along with polos and khaki or black pants. The vest colors vary depending on the store type or employee role.
As of September 2014, Walmart re-branded all 22 of its Express format stores to Neighborhood Markets in an effort to streamline its retail offer.
As of 2014, 54 percent of Americans who preferred to shop at Walmart reported that they opposed same-sex marriage, while 40 percent were in favor.
In 2014, 102 locations of Neighborhood Markets that were formerly or originally planned to be Walmart Express, which had been in a pilot program since 2011, were converted into Neighborhood Markets.
In 2014, both Supermercado de Walmart locations closed. In the same year, Más Club's lone store also closed.
As of June 2015, Walmart Canada employed 89,358 people and maintained a local home office in Mississauga, Ontario.
In July 2015, Asda updated its logo, featuring the Walmart Asterisks behind the first 'A'.
In July 2015, Walmart achieved full ownership of the Chinese online supermarket Yihaodian.
In 2015, Doug McMillon, CEO of Walmart, issued a statement opposing House Bill 1228 and asked Governor Asa Hutchinson to veto the bill.
In 2015, Walmart began testing a free grocery pickup service, allowing customers to select products online and choose their pickup time.
In 2015, Walmart reached a settlement with Tracy Morgan for an undisclosed amount regarding the 2014 car accident, though Walmart later accused its insurers of "bad faith" in refusing to pay the settlement.
In 2015, Walmart was the biggest U.S. commercial producer of solar power, with 142 MW capacity and 17 energy storage projects, primarily on rooftops.
In 2015, under CEO Doug McMillon, Walmart began a company-wide campaign to reduce crime. The efforts include spot-checking receipts, stationing employees at self-checkout areas, installing security cameras, using data analytics, hiring security personnel, and implementing theft-prevention programs.
On January 15, 2016, Walmart announced it would close 269 stores in 2016, impacting 16,000 workers. The company planned to focus on strengthening Supercenters, optimizing Neighborhood Markets, and growing its e-commerce business.
In March 2016, Jet.com acquired online retailer Hayneedle.
In April 2016, Walmart announced that it plans to eliminate eggs from battery cages from its supply chain by 2025, influencing the rest of the industry.
In May 2016, Walmart announced a change to ShippingPass, its three-day shipping service, and that it will move from a three-day delivery to two-day delivery to remain competitive with Amazon.
In June 2016, Walmart and Sam's Club announced that they would begin testing a last-mile grocery delivery that used services including Uber, Lyft, and Deliv, to bring customers' orders to their homes.
On August 8, 2016, Walmart announced its acquisition of e-commerce website Jet.com for US$3.3 billion, with Jet.com's CEO Marc Lore staying on to run both Jet.com and Walmart's U.S. e-commerce operations.
According to an August 2016 report by Bloomberg Businessweek, aggressive cost-cutting decisions that began in 2000 led to a significant increase in crime in Walmart stores across the United States.
On October 3, 2016, Alex Grigoryan of Walmart Labs released a statement on Medium.com explaining the details of the applications and the scale at which they operate at Walmart.
In October 2016, Walmart launched the Food Safety Collaboration Center in Beijing, China to improve food supply chain transparency and safety using blockchain technology for tracking pork supply.
On October 19, 2016, Walmart announced a partnership with IBM and Tsinghua University to track the pork supply chain in China using blockchain technology.
As of November 2016, 141 public GitHub projects are listed as open-source software under the OSI approved Apache V2.0 license in the Walmart Labs GitHub repository.
In December 2016, Jet.com acquired Shoebuy.com.
As of 2016, Walmart's operations are organized into four divisions: Walmart U.S., Walmart International, Sam's Club and Global eCommerce. In the United States, Walmart's stores operate in four formats: discount, Supercenters, Neighborhood Markets, and Sam's Club stores. Walmart International stores include additional formats such as supermarkets, hypermarkets, cash-and-carry stores, home improvement, specialty electronics, restaurants, apparel stores, drugstores, and convenience stores.
In 2016, Walmart began offering full healthcare benefits to its transgender employees, demonstrating commitment to inclusive healthcare.
In 2016, Walmart began replacing employees who count currency by hand with machines that count 8 bills per second and 3,000 coins a minute to automate the cash handling process.
In 2016, Walmart began requiring self-checkout associates, door greeters, and customer service managers to wear yellow vests for better visibility to customers.
In 2016, over 200 violent crimes, including attempted kidnappings, stabbings, shootings, and murders, were reported at the 4,500 Walmart stores in the United States.
On February 13, 2017, Walmart closed the acquisition of Moosejaw, a leading online active outdoor retailer, for approximately $51 million.
On February 15, 2017, Walmart announced the acquisition of Moosejaw, a leading online active outdoor retailer, for approximately $51 million. The acquisition closed on February 13, 2017.
In March 2017, Jet.com acquired ModCloth.
As of March 2017, Walmart Inc. had 3,292,377,090 outstanding shares, held mainly by the Walton family, institutions, and funds.
On June 16, 2017, Walmart agreed to acquire the men's apparel company Bonobos for $310 million, aiming to expand its fashion offerings.
On September 15, 2017, Walmart announced plans to construct a new headquarters in Bentonville, Arkansas, replacing the existing 1971 building and consolidating operations from 20 different buildings.
On September 29, 2017, Walmart acquired Parcel, a same-day and last-mile delivery company based in Brooklyn.
On December 6, 2017, Walmart announced that it would change its corporate name from Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. to Walmart Inc., effective February 1, 2018.
As of December 17, 2017, Walmart's free grocery pickup service is available in 39 U.S. states.
As of 2017, Walmart was offering in-store pickup for online orders at 1,000 stores with plans to expand the service to all of its stores. The physical infrastructure of Walmart's stores enhances digital expansion by doubling as warehouses for e-commerce.
Betty Dukes, the lead plaintiff in the gender discrimination lawsuit against Walmart, Dukes v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., died in 2017.
Between 2014 and 2017, the Walmart U.S. Manufacturing Innovation Fund gave $10 million in grants to research and academic institutions for projects that aimed to improve domestic manufacturing in the U.S.
By 2017, the Human Rights Campaign's (HRC) Corporate Equality Index gave Wal-Mart Stores Inc. a score of 100%, a significant improvement from its 2002 score.
In 2017, Hurricane Harvey forced Walmart to close over 134 stores in the United States, causing supply chain disruptions. In response, Walmart activated emergency systems and rerouted to restock essential items.
In 2017, Walmart begun "Project Gigaton", an initiative to reduce its Scope 3 emissions from suppliers by 1 billion metric tons by 2030.
In fiscal year 2017, Walmart opened 38 Supercenters, relocated, expanded or converted 21 discount stores into Supercenters for a total of 59 Supercenters. Walmart also opened 69 Neighborhood Markets, 8 Sam's Clubs, and 173 international locations, and relocated, expanded or converted 4 locations for a total of 177 international locations.
On January 11, 2018, Walmart announced the closure of 63 Sam's Club locations, affecting over 11,000 workers. On the same day, Walmart also announced wage increases, bonuses, expanded leave policies, and adoption assistance due to the new tax law.
On February 1, 2018, Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. officially changed its corporate name to Walmart Inc.
On March 14, 2018, Walmart announced that it would expand online delivery to 100 metropolitan regions in the United States, the equivalent of 40 percent of households, by the end of 2018.
In March 2018, Walmart was sued by former Director of Business Development Tri Huynh for claims of reporting misleading e-commerce performance results in favor of the company, as an attempt to regain lost ground to Amazon.
On May 9, 2018, Walmart announced its intention to acquire a 77% majority stake in the Indian e-commerce company Flipkart for $16 billion.
In May 2018, Walmart announced its intention to sell Asda to rival Sainsbury's for $10.1 billion, potentially receiving a 42% stake in the combined company and about £3 billion in cash.
In June 2018, Walmart's Winemakers Selection private label wine was introduced in about 1,100 stores.
Since August 2018, Walmart Inc. holds only a minority stake in Walmart Brasil.
On August 18, 2018, Walmart finalized the acquisition of a 77% majority stake in the Indian e-commerce company Flipkart for $16 billion.
In September 2018, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) sued Walmart, alleging that the company denied requests from pregnant employees to limit heavy lifting. This lawsuit highlights concerns about workplace accommodations for pregnant workers.
In 2018, Walmart launched "Spark", a crowdsourcing delivery service utilizing drivers' private vehicles to deliver goods to customers.
In 2018, Walmart stopped selling guns and ammunition to persons younger than 21, and also stopped selling military-style rifles that were commonly used in mass shootings.
For the fiscal year ending January 31, 2019, Walmart reported a net income of US$6.6 billion on $514 billion of revenue. International operations accounted for $120 billion of the sales.
On February 26, 2019, Walmart announced its acquisition of Aspectiva, a product review start-up based in Tel Aviv, for an undisclosed sum.
In March 2019, Walmart rebranded their Associate Education Benefits to Live Better U, supporting associate education at every level, including a $1 a day college program.
In April 2019, Walmart Inc. announced plans to extend the use of robots in stores to improve and monitor inventory, clean floors, and unload trucks, as part of an effort to lower labor costs.
In April 2019, the United Kingdom's Competition and Markets Authority blocked the proposed sale of Asda to Sainsburys.
Walmart's partnership with the subscription service Kidbox was announced on April 16, 2019.
In May 2019, Walmart announced the launch of free one-day shipping on more than 220,000 items for orders with a minimum purchase of $35.
In May 2019, the Center for Inquiry (CFI) filed a lawsuit against Walmart in the District of Columbia, alleging consumer fraud and endangering customers' health. The suit claimed Walmart was "selling homeopathic products alongside real medicine" causing consumer confusion and potential harm.
In June 2019, Walmart Inc. announced the expansion of education benefits to recruit high school students, including flexible work schedules and free college credit.
In July 2019, the Walmart subreddit experienced an influx of pro-union memes as a protest against the firing of an employee who had posted confidential material. The online demonstration also expressed anger toward Walmart for surveying its staff online amidst alleged anti-union practices.
On August 12, 2019, Walmart Brasil was renamed Grupo Big, with Walmart Inc. retaining a 20% share and Advent International holding 80% ownership.
In September 2019, Walmart announced it would stop selling all e-cigarettes due to regulatory concerns. Also in September 2019, Walmart opened its first Health Center, offering primary care services, and expanded health services in Springdale, Arkansas.
By October 2019, Walmart ceased the sale of all live fish and aquatic plants.
In October 2019, Walmart announced that customers in 2,000 locations in 29 states can use the grocery pickup service for their adult beverage purchases. Walmart will also deliver adult beverages from nearly 200 stores across California and Florida.
In 2019, a mass shooting at a Walmart store in El Paso, Texas, resulted in the deaths of 23 people. This tragic event highlights the issue of violence in public spaces.
In 2019, after a mass shooting at a Walmart store in El Paso, Texas, Walmart announced that it would stop selling all handgun ammunition and certain short-barreled rifle ammunition. The company also announced that it would stop selling handguns in Alaska. Walmart also stated that it was respectfully requesting that customers not openly carry weapons in Walmart stores, except for authorized law enforcement officers.
In 2019, the number of Walmart stores per 1,000 people was highest in Arkansas, Oklahoma, Louisiana, Alabama, and Kansas, and lowest in Hawaii, California, New Jersey, Massachusetts, and New York.
In fiscal 2019 Walmart's international division sales were US$120.824 billion, or 23.7 percent of total sales.
In fiscal year 2019, Sam's Club accounted for 11.3% of Walmart's revenue at $57.839 billion.
In fiscal year 2019, Walmart U.S. accounted for US$331.666 billion, or 65 percent of total sales.
In February 2020, Walmart announced a new membership program called, "Walmart +".
On May 19, 2020, Walmart announced that it was shutting down Jet.com, with all subsequent visitors to the site being directed to the Walmart website instead.
On May 20, 2020, District of Columbia Superior Court Judge Florence Pan dismissed the Center for Inquiry's lawsuit against Walmart. The judge claimed CFI lacked standing as a consumer protection organization and failed to demonstrate specific harm to consumers resulting from Walmart's actions.
On June 27, 2020, a shooting occurred at a Walmart distribution center in Red Bluff, California. One employee was killed and the shooter was killed by officers.
Starting in July 2020, Walmart required customers to wear masks in all stores nationwide, including Sam's Club, due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
On October 2, 2020, Walmart announced its plan to sell a majority stake of Asda to a consortium of Zuber and Mohsin Issa and TDR Capital for £6.8bn, pending regulatory approval.
In October 2020, following the fatal police shooting of Walter Wallace Jr., Walmart temporarily removed gun and ammunition displays in thousands of stores across the U.S. from sales floors due to concerns of civil unrest. Firearms and ammunition were still available for purchase on request.
On November 6, 2020, Walmart announced the sale of its Argentine operations to Grupo de Narváez, with the stores renamed Hiper Changomas.
On November 16, 2020, Walmart announced they would be selling 65% of their shares in Seiyu to KKR in a deal valuing 329 stores and 34,600 employees at $1.6 billion.
In December 2020, Walmart introduced a new service called Carrier Pickup, allowing customers to schedule returns.
As of 2020, Walmart is the largest private employer in the United States, with 1.6 million employees. Walmart employs almost five times as many people as IBM, the second-largest employer.
During the first quarter of 2020, consumer shopping habits changed in response to COVID-19. Shoppers made fewer trips but bought more per trip, resulting in a 10.5% increase in Walmart's net sales and a 74% rise in online sales.
For the 2020 fiscal year, Walmart reported that nearly two-thirds of its merchandise was made, assembled, or grown in the United States.
In 2020, California, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Illinois, and Wisconsin experienced some of the largest increases in Walmart Supercenters between 2011 and 2020.
In 2020, Walmart agreed to pay $20 million and furnish other relief to settle a companywide, sex-based hiring discrimination lawsuit filed by the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC).
In 2020, Walmart committed $25 million to organizations on the frontlines of the COVID-19 pandemic response.
In 2020, Walmart contributed $140,000 to the Rule of Law Defense Fund, a fund-raising arm of the Republican Attorneys General Association, according to the watchdog group Documented.
In early 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic led to temporary measures at Walmart, including store closures, occupancy limits, employee dismissal, and social distancing protocols.
As of January 2021, healthcare workers could get vaccines through Walmart in New Mexico and Arkansas. Walmart planned to offer vaccines in Georgia, Indiana, Louisiana, Maryland, New Jersey, South Carolina, Texas, Chicago and Puerto Rico with the target of delivering between 10 million and 13 million doses per month at full capacity.
In January 2021, Walmart announced the launch of a fintech startup, in partnership with Ribbit Capital, to offer financial products for consumers and employees.
In February 2021, Walmart acquired technology from Thunder Industries, which automates the creation of digital ads, to enhance its online marketing capabilities.
As of March 2021, Walmart pledged to buy an additional $350 billion worth of American-based items over the next decade.
On March 24, 2021, it was announced that Carrefour would acquire Grupo Big.
In May 2021, Walmart acquired the Israeli startup Zeekit for $200 million. Zeekit employs artificial intelligence to provide customers with a dynamic virtual platform for trying on clothing.
In May 2021, Walmart said that starting from May 18 all its fully vaccinated employees could stop wearing masks at work following the guidance from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
In August 2021, Walmart announced that its Spark crowdsource delivery service would be available to other businesses as a white-label service, competing with delivery companies.
In November 2021, a federal jury determined that Walmart, alongside Walgreens and CVS, "had substantially contributed to" the opioid crisis. The damages between the three chains in this suit totalled $650 million.
In December 2021, Walmart announced it will participate in the Stephens Investment Conference Wednesday, and the Morgan Stanley Virtual Global Consumer & Retail Conference.
In December 2021, the Chinese Communist Party's Central Commission for Discipline Inspection cautioned Walmart about removing products sourced from Xinjiang in response to the Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act.
In 2021, Walmart's shipping operations produced more greenhouse gases than a coal-fired power station, totaling 1.7 million metric tons of CO2, underscoring the environmental cost of its logistics.
By February 2022, Walmart lifted its COVID-19 restrictions, such as mask requirements and employee benefits that had been implemented during the pandemic.
In June 2022, Walmart announced it would be acquiring Memomi, an AR optical tech company.
In June 2022, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) sued Walmart for allegedly facilitating money transfer fraud. The lawsuit claims that Walmart's money transfer services were exploited by scammers, resulting in the theft of hundreds of millions of dollars from customers.
In August 2022, Walmart announced its acquisition of Volt Systems, a software company for vendor management and product tracking. Walmart also partnered with Paramount to offer Paramount+ content to Walmart+ subscribers.
In August 2022, Walmart announced that its locations would not return to 24-hour operations, with most stores maintaining hours between 6 AM and 11 PM.
Locations as of October 1, 2022
In October 2022, Walmart was recognized as the world's largest company by revenue, according to the Fortune Global 500 list. Walmart is also the largest private employer in the world.
As of October 31, 2022, the number of Walmart Discount Stores had dropped to 365.
As of October 31, 2022, Walmart operated 10,586 stores and clubs across 24 countries, under 46 different names.
A 2022 literature review concludes that there is no consensus on the impact of Walmart on local employment, but most studies on the topic point to a modest increase in retail employment.
As of 2022, the average U.S. Walmart customer earned about $80,000 per year, which is above the U.S. average personal income of $63,214.
In 2022, Walmart announced that it would sell its Amigo stores to Pueblo Inc. and focus on modernizing its 18 Supercenter and Division 1 formats and seven Sam's Clubs stores.
In January 2023, Walmart announced it would raise its minimum wage for U.S. hourly workers from $12 to $14 an hour, impacting approximately 340,000 employees. The company also expanded its Live Better U program.
In February 2023, Walmart announced $611.3 billion in sales for the previous financial year, a 6.7% increase, including a $164 billion bump in the fourth quarter. Profits for the company also nearly doubled from the previous year.
In early March 2023, the increased minimum wage announced in January 2023 for U.S. hourly workers became effective, raising the minimum wage from $12 to $14 an hour.
In April 2023, Walmart announced plans to add electric vehicle charging stations at thousands of stores by 2030, expanding upon the existing 1,300 stations at 280 locations.
In 2023, Walmart's refrigerant-related emissions increased by 5.3% due to leaks in equipment across the United States and Mexico, highlighting the environmental impact of their refrigeration practices.
In 2023, Walmart's transportation fuel emissions increased by 10%, reaching approximately 15.06 million metric tons of CO2.
In fiscal year 2023, 75% of Walmart's net sales were from suppliers participating in the "Project Gigaton" initiative.
In January 2024, Walmart announced a reversal of its previous strategy by planning to open over 150 stores in the U.S. over the next five years. The company also plans to remodel 650 existing stores across 47 states and Puerto Rico.
In February 2024, Walmart announced that its "Project Gigaton" initiative, which began in 2017 to reduce its Scope 3 emissions from suppliers by 1 billion metric tons by 2030, had reached its goal six years early. The company also reported that 75% of its net sales in fiscal year 2023 were from suppliers participating in the initiative.
In February 2024, Walmart announced that managers will be given stock grants of up to $20,000. Walmart also announced a 3–1 stock split to make it easier for employees to buy company stock. The company is also raising the starting base salary for store managers and increasing the bonus plan of up to 200 per cent of their regular salaries.
On August 27, 2024, Walmart announced a new service to transport goods from Asia to the U.S. in order to compete more effectively with Amazon.
On November 25, 2024, Walmart announced it is ending its diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) programs, in addition to delisting products designed for transgender minors, such as breast binders.
In 2024, Walmart reported plans to remove self-checkout lanes from some stores in response to customer feedback.
In January 2025, Walmart redesigned its logo for the first time since 2008. The logo was largely the same except the word was made a little bigger, the background darker blue, and the spark slightly bigger.
In 2025, Walmart closed several U.S. offices and consolidated its U.S. corporate associates into its Bentonville headquarters or its West Coast offices in Sunnyvale, California.
Walmart announced that by 2025, it plans to eliminate eggs from battery cages from its supply chain. In April 2016, Walmart announced its plan for 2025. The company's cage-free eggs will not come from free range producers.
By 2030, the company announced it would add electric vehicle charging stations at thousands of stores.
The year 2030 was the target year for Walmart's "Project Gigaton" initiative to reduce its Scope 3 emissions from suppliers by 1 billion metric tons, a goal that was reached six years early.
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