Amelia Earhart was a pioneering American aviator who tragically disappeared in 1937 while attempting a round-the-world flight. She was the first woman to fly solo across the Atlantic and set numerous aviation records. Earhart was a vocal advocate for women's rights and commercial aviation, leaving a lasting legacy as a cultural icon.
At the age of seven, Amelia Earhart, with her uncle's assistance, built a makeshift roller coaster on her family's property. Her first experience on this contraption, which ended with a crash, gave her a feeling akin to flying, foreshadowing her future passion.
In 1907, Amelia Earhart's family relocated to Des Moines, Iowa, due to her father's job. At the Iowa State Fair that year, ten-year-old Amelia had her first encounter with an aircraft, although she found it unimpressive at the time.
After a period of homeschooling, Amelia and Muriel Earhart began attending public school in 1909 when their family reunited in Des Moines.
Amelia Earhart's maternal grandfather, Alfred Gideon Otis, who played a significant role in her early life, passed away in 1912.
David Binney Putnam, who would later become an explorer and writer, was born in 1913. He was the son of George P. Putnam, who later married Amelia Earhart, and Dorothy Binney, whose father owned the Binney & Smith chemical company.
Amelia Earhart's family faced financial difficulties in 1914 due to her father's alcoholism and forced retirement. They had to sell their home and its belongings, marking a difficult period in her life.
In 1915, the Earhart family faced challenges as Edwin Earhart lost his job. Amelia, ever the independent spirit, took it upon herself to find the best high school in Chicago for her interests, ultimately enrolling at Hyde Park High School.
In 1916, Amelia Earhart graduated from Hyde Park High School. She continued to nurture her ambitions for a fulfilling career, collecting newspaper clippings about women excelling in fields like film, law, and engineering.
While visiting her sister in Toronto in 1917, Amelia witnessed firsthand the impact of World War I. She volunteered as a nurse's aide at Spadina Military Hospital, where her encounters with pilots ignited a passion for flying.
While nursing during the 1918 Spanish flu pandemic, Amelia Earhart contracted the flu and developed pneumonia and chronic sinusitis. Her recovery was long, lasting nearly a year, and she endured painful treatments. This illness significantly impacted her flying career later in life.
In 1919, Earhart briefly attended Columbia University, immersing herself in medical studies and other programs before leaving to be with her family in California.
On December 28, 1920, Amelia Earhart experienced her first airplane ride with pilot Frank Hawks. The experience had a profound impact on her, solidifying her desire to pursue a career in aviation.
On January 3, 1921, Amelia Earhart began taking flying lessons from Neta Snook. She worked hard to save money and purchased her first plane, a secondhand Kinner Airster she affectionately named "The Canary".
George Palmer Putnam, Jr. was born in 1921 to George P. Putnam and his wife, Dorothy Binney. His father later married Amelia Earhart.
Amelia Earhart demonstrated her exceptional skills as a pilot by setting a world altitude record for female pilots, reaching 14,000 feet on October 22, 1922.
A pivotal moment in Amelia Earhart's aviation career arrived on May 16, 1923, when she earned her pilot's license (#6017) from the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale (FAI), solidifying her place as a trailblazing aviator.
Following her parents' divorce in 1924, Amelia Earhart embarked on a memorable cross-country road trip with her mother, driving from California to Massachusetts. Along the way, she continued to seek medical treatment for her chronic sinusitis.
In 1924, Amelia Earhart faced both financial and health setbacks. A failed investment depleted her inheritance, forcing her to sell her planes. Her chronic sinusitis worsened, leading to another unsuccessful surgery.
In 1925, facing financial limitations, Amelia Earhart made the difficult decision to leave Columbia University and find work. She taught and served as a social worker at Denison House in Boston, all while keeping her passion for aviation alive.
Amelia Earhart's 1935 solo, transoceanic flight from Hawaii to California came eight years after the disastrous Dole Air Race in 1927. The race, which went in the opposite direction, from California to Hawaii, resulted in several deaths and disappearances.
In 1927, Amelia Earhart became a vocal advocate for aviation in Boston. She joined the American Aeronautical Society, invested in Dennison Airport, and wrote articles promoting flying. Recognizing the need for greater female representation in the field, she began planning an organization for women pilots.
On June 17, 1928, Amelia Earhart took off from Trepassey Harbor, Newfoundland, in the "Friendship," a Fokker F.VIIb/3m airplane. She landed in Pwll, near Burry Port, South Wales, 20 hours and 40 minutes later, becoming the first woman to fly across the Atlantic Ocean.
Two days after her transatlantic flight, on June 19, 1928, Earhart flew from Wales, where she landed, to Southampton, England, in an Avro Avian 594 Avian III. The plane was owned by Lady Mary Heath, the first woman in Britain to have a commercial flying license. Earhart received a warm welcome upon arrival.
In August 1928, Amelia Earhart achieved a significant milestone in aviation by setting a transcontinental flight record. This accomplishment further solidified her status as a pioneering aviator.
Amelia Earhart continued to achieve milestones in aviation in August 1928 when she became the first female pilot to fly alone across the North American continent, and then back again.
Amelia Earhart was engaged to Samuel Chapman, a chemical engineer, but she broke off the engagement on November 23, 1928. A little over two years later, she married George P. Putnam, who had proposed to her six times.
In 1928, Amelia Earhart achieved fame by becoming the first woman to fly across the Atlantic Ocean as a passenger.
Amelia Earhart's career as an aviation editor for Cosmopolitan began in 1928, marking a significant step in her writing career.
After crossing the Atlantic in 1928, Amelia Earhart skyrocketed to fame. The press gave her the nickname "Lady Lindy" because she looked like Charles Lindbergh, a famous male pilot. She was also called "Queen of the Air" and went on a demanding lecture tour that lasted two years.
Amelia Earhart chose Harry Manning, the captain of the ship that transported her from Europe in 1928, as her navigator for her world flight.
After competing in the Women's Air Derby in 1929, Amelia Earhart decided to form a group for female pilots. The Ninety-Nines, named for its ninety-nine charter members, provided its members with support and worked to advance the cause of women in aviation.
General Leigh Wade, a pilot who had flown with Amelia Earhart, called her a "born flier." Her skills and professionalism as a pilot were so impressive that veteran pilots who flew with her recognized them.
In 1929, Amelia Earhart became an advocate for women in aviation through several endeavors, including taking a job with Transcontinental Air Transport to encourage women to travel by air. She also helped create the first shuttle service between Washington, D.C. and New York City, called the Ludington Airline.
In 1929, Amelia Earhart competed in her first air race, the Santa Monica-to-Cleveland Women's Air Derby. The race, nicknamed the "Powder Puff Derby," was from August 18 to August 26, going from California to Ohio. After her friend, Ruth Nichols, had an accident that forced her to quit, Earhart finished in third place in the heavy planes division.
In 1929, Amelia Earhart's fame continued as she advocated for aviation and encouraged women to become pilots. Her publicist husband, George P. Putnam, worked to make her even more famous. She also started an exhausting cross-country speaking tour that year.
In 1929, George P. Putnam divorced his first wife, Dorothy Binney, so that he could marry Amelia Earhart. Putnam was a publisher who worked to increase Earhart's fame.
In 1929, the U.S. Coast Guard cutter USCGC Itasca was sent to Howland Island to provide communication and navigation support for Amelia Earhart's flight.
In 1930, a year after she formed the group, Amelia Earhart became the first president of the Ninety-Nines. The organization, for women pilots, provided encouragement and support to its members, while also advocating for women in aviation.
Between 1930 and 1935, Amelia Earhart set seven women's speed-and-distance aviation records.
Amelia Earhart's time as an aviation editor for Cosmopolitan concluded in 1930.
Amelia Earhart's father, Samuel "Edwin" Stanton Earhart, passed away in 1930.
Amelia Earhart became part of the National Aeronautic Association in 1930. In her role, she encouraged the organization to create flight records for women, separate from men's records. She also helped convince the group's international counterpart, the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale (FAI), to do the same thing.
On February 7, 1931, Amelia Earhart married her publicist and publisher, George P. Putnam. The wedding took place in Connecticut, at the home of Putnam's mother. Although she called it a "partnership" with "dual control," the marriage was considered a marriage of convenience.
On April 8, 1931, Amelia Earhart used a borrowed Pitcairn PCA-2 autogyro to set a new world altitude record. She reached 18,415 feet, or 5,613 meters, in her flight.
Amelia Earhart took off from Harbour Grace, Newfoundland, on May 20, 1932, in a Lockheed Vega 5B airplane. She wanted to recreate the solo flight that Charles Lindbergh made across the Atlantic five years earlier. She landed in a pasture north of Derry, in Northern Ireland, after a harrowing flight of almost 15 hours.
Amelia Earhart made history in 1932 by completing the first solo, nonstop transatlantic flight by a woman, earning her the Distinguished Flying Cross.
In 1932, Amelia Earhart worked to help Isabel Ebel become the first female aeronautical engineering student at New York University (NYU). Ebel had assisted Earhart with a project in 1932.
In November 1934, a fire broke out at the Putnam residence, destroying many belongings. Following this, Amelia Earhart and George Putnam decided to move to the west coast.
Amelia Earhart and Paul Mantz had been considering a business partnership since late 1934.
Amelia Earhart continued to advocate for female pilots in 1934 when the Bendix Trophy Race barred women from competing in the event. In protest, she refused to fly with the actress Mary Pickford to the race's opening in Cleveland, Ohio.
In 1934, the same year that she advocated for Isabel Ebel, Amelia Earhart protested the Bendix Trophy air race barring women from competing. She refused to fly with the actress Mary Pickford to the opening of the event in Cleveland, Ohio as a result.
On January 11, 1935, Amelia Earhart became the first pilot to fly from Honolulu, Hawaii, to Oakland, California, by herself. The flight in her Lockheed 5C Vega, while notable for being the first successful solo flight on that route, was unremarkable in that she did not experience any issues.
On April 19, 1935, Amelia Earhart flew her Lockheed Vega aircraft, nicknamed "old Bessie, the fire horse", solo from Los Angeles to Mexico City.
In June 1935, Amelia Earhart and George Putnam purchased a house in Toluca Lake, California.
In September 1935, Amelia Earhart established the Earhart-Mantz Flying School and joined Purdue University as a visiting faculty member.
During a visit to Hilo, Hawaii, in 1935, Amelia Earhart planted a banyan tree, which has since been known as the "Earhart Tree." The tree serves as a living reminder of her visit and her enduring connection to Hawaii.
In 1935, Earhart joined Purdue University as a visiting faculty member, serving as an advisor in aeronautical engineering and a career counselor for female students.
In 1935, Amelia Earhart participated in the Bendix Trophy long-distance air race, finishing fifth. The race was marked by tragedy and difficult conditions, including the death of a competitor and challenging weather.
By 1935, Amelia Earhart began contemplating a new challenge: a circumnavigation of the globe.
In 1935, Amelia Earhart piloted a Lockheed Electra 10, the same model of aircraft she would later use in her attempt to circumnavigate the globe.
In July 1936, Amelia Earhart acquired a Lockheed Electra 10E airplane, funded in part by Purdue University, for her world flight. The plane was heavily modified for the journey.
In early 1936, Amelia Earhart began planning her ambitious round-the-world flight, aiming to be the first woman to achieve this feat.
In March 1937, a small part of the starboard engine nacelle from Earhart's Lockheed Electra, recovered after a crash in Hawaii, was confirmed as authentic. This piece now serves as a vital control piece to verify potential future discoveries related to her disappearance.
On March 17, 1937, Amelia Earhart's first attempt to circumnavigate the globe ended in a crash during takeoff from Luke Field in Hawaii.
On June 29, 1937, Amelia Earhart and her navigator, Fred Noonan, arrived in Lae, New Guinea, completing a significant portion of their world flight.
On July 2, 1937, during an attempt to circumnavigate the globe, Amelia Earhart and her navigator, Fred Noonan, disappeared over the Pacific Ocean. Their plane was last seen in Lae, New Guinea, and they are presumed to have crashed near Howland Island due to fuel exhaustion.
In the days following Amelia Earhart's last confirmed transmission on July 6, 1937, numerous reports of alleged emergency transmissions from Earhart surfaced, but many were later debunked as hoaxes. These unconfirmed transmissions added to the confusion and uncertainty surrounding the search efforts.
Following the conclusion of the official search in July 1937, George Putnam, Earhart's husband, financed a private search for her and Fred Noonan. He chartered two boats to search nearby Pacific islands and waters, hoping to find any sign of them.
On July 19, 1937, after an extensive three-day search, the official search efforts for Amelia Earhart and her navigator, Fred Noonan, were called off. Despite the unprecedented scale of the search, which involved the U.S. Navy and Coast Guard and cost $4 million, no trace of their plane was found.
Amelia Earhart embarked on an ambitious endeavor in 1937 to become the first woman to circumnavigate the globe in her Lockheed Electra aircraft. Tragically, she and her navigator, Fred Noonan, disappeared during this attempt.
After disappearing over the Pacific Ocean on July 2, 1937, Amelia Earhart was officially declared dead on January 5, 1939.
By 1940, Amelia Earhart had become the Vice President of National Airways. The airline operated several smaller airlines, including Boston-Maine Airways, in the northeastern part of the United States. National Airways later became Northeast Airlines.
In 1942, during World War II, the SS Amelia Earhart, a Liberty ship named in honor of the famed aviator, was launched. The ship's name reflected the wartime spirit and celebrated Earhart's pioneering spirit.
In 1945, Donald Angwin, while serving in the Australian Army during World War II, claimed to have encountered a wrecked aircraft in the jungle of New Britain. This report later fueled speculation that the wreckage could belong to Amelia Earhart's plane.
The SS Amelia Earhart, a Liberty ship named after the renowned aviator, was wrecked in 1948, marking the end of its service.
Amelia Earhart's mother, Amelia "Amy" (née Otis) Earhart, died in 1962.
In 1963, the United States Postmaster-General issued the Amelia Earhart Commemorative Stamp, an 8¢ airmail postage stamp honoring the legendary aviator. The stamp celebrated Earhart's pioneering spirit and contributions to aviation.
In recognition of Amelia Earhart's significant contributions to the university, Purdue University inaugurated Earhart Hall in 1964. Earhart served as a career counselor for female students and a technical advisor for the aeronautics department at Purdue.
In 1967, Ann Pellegreno completed a round-the-world flight following Amelia Earhart's planned route, flying a similar Lockheed 10A Electra aircraft. Pellegreno dropped a wreath over Howland Island in honor of Earhart on the 30th anniversary of her disappearance.
In 1967, navigator William L. Polhemous, who retraced Earhart's route, suggested that navigational errors might have played a role in Earhart's disappearance.
Amelia Earhart's contributions to aviation were posthumously recognized in 1968 with her induction into the National Aviation Hall of Fame.
In 1970, Joseph Gervais published the book "Amelia Earhart Lives," which claimed that Earhart survived her 1937 flight. The book sparked controversy and a lawsuit from Irene Craigmile Bolam, whom Gervais alleged was Earhart living under an assumed identity.
Around 1971, a statue of Amelia Earhart, created by Ernest Shelton, was erected in Los Angeles, California.
In 1973, Amelia Earhart was honored with induction into the National Women's Hall of Fame, solidifying her legacy as a pioneering woman in aviation and beyond.
In 1982, Dorothy Binney, the first wife of George P. Putnam, died. Putnam and Binney had two sons, David and George, Jr.
In 1982, retired USN rear admiral Richard R. Black stated his belief that Amelia Earhart's plane crashed near Howland Island on July 2, 1937. Various theories and speculation about her disappearance persist.
In 1990, Donald Angwin, a veteran of World War II, reported seeing a wrecked aircraft in the jungle of New Britain, Papua New Guinea, in 1945, speculating it might be Earhart's Electra. However, subsequent searches in the area failed to uncover any wreckage.
Amelia Earhart was posthumously inducted into the Motorsports Hall of Fame of America in 1992, recognizing her achievements in aviation and her contributions to the broader field of motorsports.
David Binney Putnam, an explorer, writer, and stepson of Amelia Earhart, died in 1992. He was the son of George P. Putnam and Dorothy Binney.
The first Amelia Earhart Festival was held in Atchison, Kansas, in 1996, marking the beginning of an annual tradition celebrating the life and legacy of the famed aviator.
To commemorate the 60th anniversary of Amelia Earhart's round-the-world flight attempt in 1997, Linda Finch, a businesswoman from San Antonio, retraced Earhart's final flight path in a restored 1935 Lockheed Electra 10, the same model of aircraft Earhart flew.
Amelia Earhart's younger sister, Grace Muriel Earhart, who was known as "Pidge," passed away in 1998.
In 2001, pilot Carlene Mendieta commemorated Amelia Earhart's historic 1928 transcontinental flight by retracing the route. Mendieta flew an original Avro Avian, the same type of aircraft that Earhart used for her record-breaking journey.
In 2003, David Jourdan and his company, Nauticos, conducted a comprehensive deep-sea sonar search covering a 1,200-square-mile area near Howland Island, based on Earhart's last known position. Despite the $4.5 million investment, the search did not locate any wreckage.
In November 2006, National Geographic Channel aired an episode of "Undiscovered History" presenting the theory that Amelia Earhart survived her 1937 flight, changed her identity, remarried, and lived as Irene Craigmile Bolam. The claim was based on research by Joseph Gervais and published in his book "Amelia Earhart Lives."
In 2006, David Jourdan and Nauticos carried out a second extensive deep-sea sonar search for Amelia Earhart's plane in the vicinity of Howland Island. However, like the previous attempt, this search also failed to uncover any sign of the aircraft.
In May 2007, the USNS Amelia Earhart, a Lewis and Clark-class dry cargo ship, was christened, paying tribute to the pioneering aviator. The ship's naming reflects Earhart's lasting impact and serves as a reminder of her contributions to aviation.
In 2008, a full-sized bronze statue honoring Amelia Earhart was unveiled at the Spirit of Flight Center in Lafayette, Colorado.
In 2009, Purdue University further honored Amelia Earhart by erecting a bronze statue of her in front of Earhart Hall. The statue, depicting Earhart holding a propeller, stands as a testament to her enduring legacy at the university.
In 2012, U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton paid tribute to Amelia Earhart during a State Department event. Clinton praised Earhart's enduring legacy, highlighting her as an inspiration for individuals who dream big, regardless of gender.
George Palmer Putnam, Jr., the son of George P. Putnam, died in 2013. His father was married to Amelia Earhart.
In 2013, Flying magazine recognized Amelia Earhart's significant contributions to aviation by ranking her ninth on their list of the "51 Heroes of Aviation."
During a presentation at the Amelia Earhart Hangar Museum on July 20, 2024, Deep Sea Vision revealed their intentions to conduct a subsequent mission to the site of the potential aircraft wreckage. The mission, tentatively planned for late 2024 or early 2025, will involve deploying an optical camera for visual confirmation.
In a potential breakthrough, Deep Sea Vision, a company specializing in underwater exploration, discovered what appears to be the remnants of an aircraft on the ocean floor near Howland Island in 2024. The object's location, size, and shape suggest it could be Earhart's missing Electra, though further investigation is necessary for confirmation.
Deep Sea Vision is planning a mission in 2025 to send an optical camera to the site of the potential aircraft wreckage near Howland Island. This mission aims to obtain visual confirmation of the find and determine if it is indeed Amelia Earhart's plane.