Black Sabbath, formed in Birmingham in 1968, is an English rock band consisting of Tony Iommi, Bill Ward, Geezer Butler, and Ozzy Osbourne. Renamed in 1969, they are recognized for occult themes and horror-inspired lyrics, contributing significantly to the evolution of heavy metal. Their initial albums, including "Black Sabbath," "Paranoid," and "Master of Reality," achieved commercial success and are considered foundational in the genre. Later albums, such as "Vol. 4" and "Sabbath Bloody Sabbath," showed experimentation with progressive styles. The band's pioneering work has had a lasting impact on heavy metal music.
Black Sabbath's Tony Iommi felt nervous before their final show. The farewell show with Ozzy Osbourne was available for streaming. Tom Morello compared it to Freddie Mercury and Taylor Hawkins tribute concert, lamenting the absence of past members.
In 1963, the Italian horror film "Black Sabbath", starring Boris Karloff and directed by Mario Bava, was released.
In 1965, guitarist Tony Iommi suffered an accident while working in a sheet metal factory, losing the tips of two fingers on his right hand.
In 1968, Tony Iommi, Bill Ward, Geezer Butler and Ozzy Osbourne formed a rock band in Birmingham, England.
In November 1969, Black Sabbath signed with Philips Records.
In November 1969, Black Sabbath spent two days recording their debut album with producer Rodger Bain, recording live with Ozzy singing in a separate booth.
On 11 November 1969, Black Sabbath recorded a four-song session for John Peel's Top Gear radio show. The songs were "Black Sabbath", "N.I.B.", "Behind the Wall of Sleep" and "Sleeping Village".
In 1969, the band adopted the name Black Sabbath, distinguishing themselves with occult themes, horror-inspired lyrics, and down-tuned guitars.
On 9 January 1970, Black Sabbath released their first single, "Evil Woman", a cover of a song by the band Crow, through Philips subsidiary Fontana Records.
In February 1970, Black Sabbath released their debut album, "Black Sabbath", which reached number eight in the UK Albums Chart.
In June 1970, just four months after releasing their debut album, Black Sabbath returned to the studio to record their second album.
In September 1970, Black Sabbath released "Paranoid" as a single, which reached number four on the UK Singles Chart.
In October 1970, Black Sabbath released the album "Paranoid" in the UK, where it reached number one on the UK Albums Chart.
In 1970 Black Sabbath released Paranoid album which Rolling Stone magazine said "changed music forever", and called the band "the Beatles of heavy metal".
In 1970, Black Sabbath released their first two commercially successful albums, "Black Sabbath" and "Paranoid", which are now considered pioneering albums in heavy metal music.
In January 1971, the album "Paranoid" was released in the U.S.
In March 1971, "Paranoid" reached No. 12 in the U.S. charts.
In April 1971, Black Sabbath completed the production of their album Master of Reality.
Beginning with their third album, Master of Reality, in 1971, Black Sabbath began to feature tuned-down guitars to better grip the strings with his prosthesis
In 1971, Black Sabbath released their third commercially successful album, "Master of Reality", which is now considered a pioneering album in heavy metal music.
In June 1972, Black Sabbath reconvened in Los Angeles at the Record Plant to start working on their next album, experimenting with new musical textures. Recording was plagued with problems, due to substance abuse issues, almost leading to Ward's dismissal.
In 1972, Black Sabbath's "Vol. 4" saw the band exploring more experimental and progressive styles.
In 1972, following the Master of Reality world tour, Black Sabbath took their first break in three years due to fatigue from constant touring and recording.
In November 1973, Black Sabbath began to receive positive reviews in the mainstream press after the release of Sabbath Bloody Sabbath, with Gordon Fletcher of Rolling Stone calling the album "an extraordinarily gripping affair".
In 1973, Black Sabbath released the album "Sabbath Bloody Sabbath", exploring more experimental and progressive styles.
In 1973, Black Sabbath's album 'Sabbath Bloody Sabbath' had compositional similarities to the progressive rock genre.
In 1973, after an extensive tour of the U.S., Black Sabbath traveled to Australia and New Zealand for the first time, followed by a tour in mainland Europe.
In the summer of 1973, Black Sabbath returned to Los Angeles to begin work on their next release. Due to substance issues and fatigue, they struggled to write any songs and were unable to complete anything.
On April 6, 1974, Black Sabbath performed at the California Jam festival in Ontario, California, attracting over 200,000 fans. Portions of the show were telecast on ABC Television, exposing the band to a wider American audience.
In July 1975, Black Sabbath released their album Sabotage, produced by Black Sabbath and Mike Butcher. Initial reviews were favorable.
In November 1975, Black Sabbath's tour in support of Sabotage with openers Kiss was cut short due to a motorcycle accident in which Osbourne ruptured a muscle in his back.
In December 1975, the band's record companies released a greatest hits album titled We Sold Our Soul for Rock 'n' Roll without input from the band.
In 1975, Black Sabbath released the album "Sabotage", which saw the band explore more experimental and progressive styles.
On October 22, 1976, Black Sabbath released Technical Ecstasy to mixed reviews. By the time the album was completed, Osbourne was admitted to Stafford County Asylum in Britain.
In November 1976, Black Sabbath began touring in support of Technical Ecstasy, with openers Boston and Ted Nugent in the U.S.
In 1976, Black Sabbath released the album "Technical Ecstasy", exploring more experimental and progressive styles.
Throughout 1976, the album We Sold Our Soul for Rock 'n' Roll charted, eventually selling two million copies in the U.S.
In late 1977, Ozzy Osbourne abruptly quit Black Sabbath. Iommi then called vocalist Dave Walker to join the band.
In January 1978, after initially setting out to form a solo project, Osbourne had a change of heart and rejoined Black Sabbath, making it difficult to incorporate material written with Dave Walker.
On January 8, 1978, Dave Walker made his only live performance with Black Sabbath, singing an early version of the song "Junior's Eyes" on the BBC Television programme Look! Hear!
In May 1978, Black Sabbath began touring in support of Never Say Die! with openers Van Halen. Reviewers noted a contrast between Black Sabbath's performance and Van Halen's energetic performance.
In June 1978, Black Sabbath filmed a performance at the Hammersmith Odeon, which was later released on DVD as Never Say Die.
On September 29, 1978, Black Sabbath released their album Never Say Die!. Press response was unfavourable.
In 1978, Black Sabbath released the album "Never Say Die!", which saw the band explore more experimental and progressive styles.
In April 1979, due to increasing frustrations with Ozzy Osbourne's lack of input and issues with substance abuse, Tony Iommi made the decision to fire Osbourne from Black Sabbath. Bill Ward, who was close to Osbourne, was chosen to break the news to him on April 27, 1979.
In 1979, Ozzy Osbourne was fired from Black Sabbath and was replaced by Ronnie James Dio.
On July 26, 1980, Black Sabbath played to 75,000 fans at a sold-out Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum alongside Journey, Cheap Trick, and Molly Hatchet. The next day, the band appeared at the 1980 Day on the Green at Oakland Coliseum.
On August 18, 1980, following a show in Bloomington, Minnesota, Bill Ward quit Black Sabbath due to his inability to perform without Ozzy Osbourne. Vinny Appice was hired to replace him.
In 1980, Black Sabbath, with new vocalist Ronnie James Dio, released the album "Heaven and Hell".
In February 1981, Black Sabbath completed the Heaven and Hell world tour and returned to the studio to begin work on their next album.
In October 1981, Black Sabbath released "Mob Rules", their second studio album with Ronnie James Dio as vocalist and produced by Martin Birch. The album received mixed reviews.
In 1981, Black Sabbath, with Ronnie James Dio, released the album "Mob Rules", featuring Vinny Appice replacing Bill Ward on drums.
In 2007, Ward was initially set to participate in Heaven & Hell, but dropped out before the tour began and was replaced by Vinny Appice, effectively reuniting the line-up that had featured on the Mob Rules (1981) and Dehumanizer (1992) albums.
In November 1982, Ronnie James Dio left Black Sabbath to start his own band, taking drummer Vinny Appice with him.
In December 1982, Ian Gillan replaced Dio as the vocalist for Black Sabbath.
In 1982, Black Sabbath recorded the live album "Live Evil" during the Mob Rules world tour. During the mixing process, conflicts arose between Iommi and Butler and Dio, leading to accusations of Dio altering the vocal mix and working on a solo album.
In January 1983, Live Evil was released, but was overshadowed by Ozzy Osbourne's Platinum-selling album Speak of the Devil.
In June 1983, Black Sabbath, with Ian Gillan on vocals and a returned Bill Ward on drums, entered The Manor Studios in Shipton-on-Cherwell, Oxfordshire, to begin recording the Born Again album.
On September 9, 1983, Black Sabbath released "Born Again", which received negative reviews but reached number four in the UK and number 39 in the U.S.
In 1983, Bill Ward quit the band again, unable to handle touring. He was replaced by Bev Bevan for the Born Again world tour, starting in Europe.
In March 1984, Ian Gillan left Black Sabbath to rejoin Deep Purple. Bevan also left. Following this, the band recruited David Donato on vocals and Ward rejoined the band.
In May 1985, Jeff Fenholt insists he was a singer in Sabbath but this has never been confirmed by Iommi.
On July 13, 1985, the original Black Sabbath lineup (Ozzy Osbourne, Tony Iommi, Geezer Butler, and Bill Ward) reunited to perform at Live Aid in Philadelphia. This was their first performance together since 1978.
In November 1992, Iommi and Butler joined Osbourne and Ward on stage for the first time since the 1985 Live Aid concert, performing a brief set of Sabbath songs at Osbourne's retirement show.
Since 1985, Artists United Against Apartheid had been boycotting South Africa, leading to criticism when Black Sabbath accepted an offer to play shows at Sun City during the apartheid era.
In October 1986, Black Sabbath started working on new material at AIR Studios in Montserrat with producer Jeff Glixman, though the initial sessions were problematic and Glixman was soon replaced.
In November 1987, Black Sabbath released 'The Eternal Idol', which received mixed reviews and stalled at No. 66 in the UK and No. 168 in the U.S.
According to Tracii Guns, the main riff of "Paradise City" by Guns N' Roses from the Appetite for Destruction album released in 1987 was influenced by the song "Zero the Hero" from the Born Again album.
In 1987, Tony Martin joined Black Sabbath as vocalist and the band released "The Eternal Idol".
In 1988, following the poor commercial performance of 'The Eternal Idol', Black Sabbath were dropped by both Vertigo Records and Warner Bros. Records, and signed with I.R.S. Records. The band took time off, returning in August to begin work on their next album with Tony Iommi producing.
In May 1989, Black Sabbath's Headless Cross U.S. tour, with openers Kingdom Come and Silent Rage, was cancelled after just eight shows due to poor ticket sales. However, the European leg of the tour began in September, coinciding with chart success.
In 1989, Black Sabbath, with Tony Martin on vocals, released the album "Headless Cross".
In 1989, the Anno Domini era begins for Black Sabbath with the albums such as Headless Cross. Anno Domini 1989–1995 box set released in 2024
King Diamond guitarist Andy LaRocque affirmed that the clean guitar part of "Sleepless Nights" from Conspiracy in 1989 is inspired by Tony Iommi's playing on Never Say Die!.
In February 1990, Black Sabbath returned to the studio to record Tyr, the follow-up to Headless Cross.
In August 1990, during his Lock Up the Wolves U.S. tour, Ronnie James Dio was joined onstage by Geezer Butler, leading to their interest in rejoining Black Sabbath. Subsequently, Iommi broke up the current lineup, dismissing Tony Martin and Neil Murray.
Following Butler's departure, newly returned drummer Ward once again left the band. Iommi reinstated former members Neil Murray on bass and Cozy Powell on drums, effectively reuniting the 1990 Tyr line-up.
In 1990, Black Sabbath, with Tony Martin on vocals, released the album "Tyr".
In Autumn 1990, Dio, Butler, Iommi, and Cozy Powell began working on the next Black Sabbath release. In November 1990, Powell suffered a broken hip, leading to Vinny Appice replacing him and reuniting the Mob Rules lineup. The year-long recording process was fraught with tension and rewrites.
On 22 June 1992, Dehumanizer was released and became the band's biggest commercial success in a decade, with the single "TV Crimes" reaching the top 40 rock radio charts. The album also featured "Time Machine", which was featured in the film Wayne's World.
In July 1992, Black Sabbath began touring in support of Dehumanizer with Testament, Danzig, Prong, and Exodus. During the tour, Ozzy Osbourne announced his retirement and invited Sabbath to open for his final shows.
On 13 November 1992, Dio quit Black Sabbath after a show in Oakland, California, before the band was set to appear at Osbourne's retirement show. Rob Halford stepped in at the last minute to perform with the band.
In 1992, Iommi reunited with Butler, Dio, and Appice to record the album "Dehumanizer", though Dio and Appice departed again by the end of the year.
On 13 April 1994, Black Sabbath filmed a live performance at the Hammersmith Apollo, which was released on VHS and CD, titled Cross Purposes Live.
In June 1994, after the European tour with Cathedral and Godspeed, Bobby Rondinelli quit Black Sabbath and was replaced by original drummer Bill Ward for five shows in South America.
In 1994, Tony Martin returned to Black Sabbath, and the band released the studio album "Cross Purposes".
On 8 June 1995, Black Sabbath released Forbidden, which failed to chart in the U.S. and was widely panned by critics.
In July 1995, Black Sabbath embarked on a world tour with Motörhead and Tiamat. After two months, Cozy Powell left the band due to health issues and was replaced by Bobby Rondinelli.
In 1995, Black Sabbath, with Tony Martin, released the album "Forbidden" and the live album, "Cross Purposes Live" before going on a one-year hiatus.
In 1995, the Anno Domini era ends for Black Sabbath with the album Forbidden. Anno Domini 1989–1995 box set released in 2024
In 1996, I.R.S. Records released The Sabbath Stones to fulfill the band's contract. The album featured songs from Born Again (1983) to Forbidden (1995).
In 1996, after Asian dates in December 1995, Tony Iommi began work on a solo album with Glenn Hughes and Dave Holland. Although the album was not officially released, a bootleg called Eighth Star surfaced.
In 1998, the reunited original lineup of Black Sabbath released a live album, "Reunion".
In the summer of 1998, Bill Ward suffered a heart attack and was temporarily replaced by former drummer Vinny Appice for a European tour.
In March 2002, The Osbournes, Ozzy Osbourne's reality show, debuted on MTV and became a hit. Following this, Sanctuary Records released the double live album Past Lives (2002).
In 2003, Rolling Stone placed Black Sabbath's album Master of Reality at number 300 on their 500 Greatest Albums of All Time list.
Black Sabbath, with the original line-up, toured sporadically until 2005, when they went on hiatus.
In 2005, Black Sabbath was inducted into the UK Music Hall of Fame.
In 2006, Black Sabbath was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame with Lars Ulrich and James Hetfield from Metallica giving the induction speech.
In 2006, Black Sabbath was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.
In 2006, Rhino Records released Black Sabbath: The Dio Years, a compilation of songs featuring Ronnie James Dio.
In 2006, the Mob Rules lineup (Iommi, Butler, Dio, Appice) reunited as Heaven & Hell.
In March 2007, Heaven & Hell toured the U.S. with Megadeth and Machine Head. A live album and DVD, Live from Radio City Music Hall, was recorded in New York on March 30, 2007.
In April 2008, Heaven & Hell announced the upcoming release of The Rules of Hell box set, featuring remastered versions of the Dio-era Black Sabbath albums, and their participation in the Metal Masters Tour.
In 2009, Heaven & Hell (Iommi, Butler, Dio, Appice) released one studio album, "The Devil You Know".
On May 26, 2009, Ozzy Osbourne filed suit against Tony Iommi, alleging that Iommi illegally claimed the band name. Osbourne sought 50% ownership of the trademark.
In 2010, Heaven & Hell disbanded following the death of Ronnie James Dio.
On November 11, 2011, Tony Iommi, Geezer Butler, Ozzy Osbourne, and Bill Ward announced their reunion to record a new album and embark on a full tour in 2012.
In February 2012, Bill Ward announced that he would not participate further in the band's reunion until he was offered a signable contract.
In January 2012, Tony Iommi was diagnosed with lymphoma, forcing the band to cancel most of their previously booked European tour.
As of 2013, Black Sabbath had sold over 70 million records, making them one of the most commercially successful heavy metal bands.
In July 2013, Black Sabbath embarked on a North American Tour, for the first time since July 2001.
On April 12, 2013, Black Sabbath released the track listing for the album 13. The standard version features eight new tracks, and the deluxe version features three bonus tracks.
On April 19, 2013, Black Sabbath released "God Is Dead?", the first single from their album 13.
On April 20, 2013, Black Sabbath commenced their first Australia/New Zealand tour in 40 years.
On January 13, 2013, Black Sabbath announced that their new album would be released in June under the title 13.
In 2014, Black Sabbath received a Grammy Award for "God Is Dead?", winning Best Metal Performance.
On September 29, 2014, Ozzy Osbourne mentioned to Metal Hammer that Black Sabbath would begin work on their twentieth studio album in early 2015 with producer Rick Rubin, followed by a final tour in 2016.
On September 3, 2015, Black Sabbath announced their final tour, titled The End, to run from January 2016 to February 2017, with dates in the U.S., Canada, Europe, Australia, and New Zealand.
In March 2016, Tony Iommi discussed the potential future re-releases of the Tony Martin-era Black Sabbath albums. He expressed his desire to include new tracks with Tony Martin on the re-releases, also mentioning potential work on 'Cross Purposes' and 'Forbidden'.
In August 2016, Tony Martin discussed Iommi's cancer diagnosis and its impact on their potential collaboration for re-releases. He expressed his readiness to work with Iommi if his health permitted, following Iommi's prior discussions on re-releasing Tony Martin-era albums in March 2016.
In November 2016, Tony Iommi revealed plans to focus on writing and potentially recording in the studio with the other members of Black Sabbath after their final tour, but ruled out any further touring.
On March 7, 2017, Black Sabbath officially announced their disbandment through posts on their social media accounts, marking the end of the band's active career.
In 2017, Black Sabbath played their last concert for eight years in their home city to conclude their farewell tour.
In 2017, Black Sabbath toured with Tommy Clufetos and Adam Wakeman on the drums.
In 2017, Tony Martin suggested that his collaboration with Iommi on new tracks for the Tony Martin-era re-releases could coincide with the 30th anniversary of 'The Eternal Idol'.
In June 2018, Ozzy Osbourne expressed his interest in reuniting with Black Sabbath for a performance at the 2022 Commonwealth Games in Birmingham. Iommi said that performing at the event as Black Sabbath would "be a great thing to do to help represent Birmingham."
In September 2020, Ozzy Osbourne stated in an interview that he was no longer interested in a Black Sabbath reunion, expressing regret over not doing the final farewell show with Bill Ward.
On September 30, 2020, Black Sabbath announced a new Dr. Martens shoe collection in partnership with the British footwear company to celebrate the 50th anniversaries of the albums 'Black Sabbath' and 'Paranoid'.
On January 13, 2021, Black Sabbath announced that they would reissue 'Heaven & Hell' and 'Mob Rules' as expanded deluxe editions with unreleased material included.
On March 5, 2021, Black Sabbath reissued both Heaven & Hell and Mob Rules as expanded deluxe editions with unreleased material included.
In an October 2021 interview, Bill Ward revealed that he had maintained contact with his former bandmates and was open-minded about recording another Black Sabbath album.
On August 8, 2022, Ozzy Osbourne and Tony Iommi reunited to end the closing ceremony of the 2022 Commonwealth Games at the Alexander Stadium in Birmingham. They performed a medley of "Iron Man" and "Paranoid" with Tommy Clufetos and Adam Wakeman.
In September 2022, Ozzy Osbourne reiterated he was unwilling to reunite with Black Sabbath, stating that if the band were to make another album, he would not sing on it.
In 2022, Ozzy Osbourne and Tony Iommi performed at the closing ceremony of the Commonwealth Games in Birmingham.
In 2022, Ozzy Osbourne revealed he was working with Tony Iommi, who appeared as a guest on his thirteenth solo album, Patient Number 9.
In February 2023, Ozzy Osbourne retired from touring due to not sufficiently recovering from medical treatment, casting further doubt on a Black Sabbath reunion in concert.
In September 2023, the Birmingham Royal Ballet presented 'Black Sabbath: The Ballet', which premiered at the Birmingham Hippodrome.
In October 2023, it was revealed that Black Sabbath had been offered a reunion at Power Trip, but turned it down, where Osbourne was initially scheduled to perform before being replaced by Judas Priest.
In May 2024, Ozzy Osbourne renewed interest in a reunion of the original Black Sabbath lineup, expressing sadness that Bill Ward wasn't part of the final tour and stating it felt unfinished.
On May 31, 2024, the Anno Domini 1989–1995, a box set of Tony Martin-era albums, was released. It includes remasters of 'Headless Cross', 'Tyr' and 'Cross Purposes' and a remixed version of 'Forbidden', with each disc of the box set (except Tyr) including one bonus track.
In February 2025, Ozzy Osbourne announced that the original lineup of Black Sabbath would reform for one final charity show at Villa Park, Birmingham on July 5. Titled Back to the Beginning, it is set to be the final gig for both Osbourne and the group.
On 5 July 2025, the original line-up of Black Sabbath will reunite for a final show, titled "Back to the Beginning", at Villa Park.
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