Comcast Corporation is a multinational mass media, telecommunications, and entertainment conglomerate headquartered in Philadelphia. A significant player in the industry, it ranked 51st in the Forbes Global 2000 in 2023, highlighting its global reach and influence. The company's operations span various sectors within media and technology, solidifying its position as a leading provider of entertainment and communication services.
Ralph J. Roberts, the founder of Comcast, was born in 1920.
In 1963, Ralph J. Roberts, Daniel Aaron, and Julian A. Brodsky purchased American Cable Systems, a small cable operator in Tupelo, Mississippi, for U.S. $500,000.
In 1965, American Cable Systems purchased Storecast Corporation of America, a product placement supermarket specialist marketing firm.
In 1968, American Cable Systems purchased its first franchise of Muzak, a brand of background music played in retail stores.
On March 5, 1969, American Cable Systems was re-incorporated in Pennsylvania under the new name Comcast Corporation.
On June 29, 1972, Comcast Corporation's initial public offering occurred on the NASDAQ with a market capitalization of U.S. $3,010,000.
In 1977, HBO was first launched on a Comcast system in western Pennsylvania, achieving a 15% sign-up rate after a five-night free preview.
In 1986, Comcast bought 26% of Group W Cable and made a founding investment of $380 million in QVC.
In 1988, Comcast acquired a 50% share of SCI Holdings and acquired American Cellular Network Corporation for $230 million, marking its entry into the mobile phone industry.
In February 1990, Brian L. Roberts succeeded his father, Ralph Roberts, as president of Comcast, with Ralph Roberts establishing The Comcast Fund.
By 1994, Comcast became the third-largest cable operator in the United States with around 3.5 million subscribers following its purchase of Maclean-Hunter's American division for $1.27 billion, and owned 50% stock in Garden State Cable.
In 1996, Comcast acquired Spectacor, a professional sports company, bolstering its news and sports divisions, including NBC Sports and Telemundo Deportes.
In 1996, Comcast bought a controlling stake in Spectacor from the company's founder, Ed Snider.
In 1996, Comcast offered internet connection for the first time with the launch of the @Home Network and formed Comcast Spectacor, which became owner of the Philadelphia Flyers.
In 1997, Comcast's cable acquisitions were Jones Intercable, Inc. with 1 million customers, and a stake in Prime Communications with 430,000 subscribers.
By December 31, 1997, Comcast's digital television service was available in the Philadelphia, Detroit, Baltimore, Orange County, California, Sarasota and Union, New Jersey areas.
In February 1998, Comcast sold its U.K. division to NTL for US$600 million, along with the division's $397 million in debt.
In November 1999, Comcast purchased Lenfest Communications, consolidating control over the Philadelphia region and gaining approximately 1.3 million additional cable subscribers.
In 1999, Comcast sold Comcast Cellular to SBC Communications for $400 million and launched Comcast University.
In October 2001, Excite@Home went bankrupt.
On December 7, 2001, Comcast and AT&T reincorporated the merged company in Pennsylvania, deciding to keep the Comcast name.
In January 2002, After Excite@Home went bankrupt, Comcast took over providing internet directly to consumers .
On November 18, 2002, Comcast officially acquired all assets of AT&T Broadband, becoming the largest cable television company in the United States with over 22 million subscribers and starting Comcast Advertising Sales.
In 2003, Comcast became one of the original investors in The Golf Channel.
On February 11, 2004, Comcast announced a $54 billion bid for Disney, but the bid was later abandoned in April.
In 2004, a dispute with CWA, a labor union representing many employees at Comcast's Beaverton, Oregon offices, led to allegations of management intimidating workers, requiring them to attend anti-union meetings and unwarranted disciplinary action for union members.
In 2004, the American Customer Satisfaction Index (ACSI) survey found that Comcast had the worst customer satisfaction rating of any company or government agency in the country, including the Internal Revenue Service.
On January 3, 2005, Comcast announced it would become the anchor tenant in the new Comcast Center in downtown Philadelphia.
On April 8, 2005, a partnership led by Comcast and Sony Pictures Entertainment finalized a deal to acquire MGM and its affiliate studio, United Artists.
In April 2005, Comcast and Time Warner Cable announced plans to buy the assets of bankrupted Adelphia Cable for a total of $17.6 billion.
On October 31, 2005, Comcast officially announced it had acquired Susquehanna Communications for $775 million cash.
In December 2005, Comcast announced the creation of Comcast Interactive Media, a new division focused on online media.
In 2006, Comcast acquired thePlatform, expanding its holdings in digital distribution.
In 2006, Comcast and Time Warner Cable finalized the deal to buy Adelphia Cable assets, making Time Warner Cable the second-largest cable provider in the U.S.
In 2006, Comcast reported a net profit.
On January 1, 2007, Comcast officially took control of the Houston system but continued to operate under the Time Warner Cable brand.
On April 3, 2007, Comcast announced it would acquire the cable systems owned and operated by Patriot Media for $483 million.
Comcast announced the SmartZone dashboard in May 2007, allowing users to perform mobile functions online.
On June 19, 2007, Comcast continued to operate the Houston system under the Time Warner Cable brand.
In October 2007, Comcast's NHL deal obligated them to create a U.S. version of NHL Network.
In 2007, the American Customer Satisfaction Index (ACSI) survey found that Comcast had the worst customer satisfaction rating of any company or government agency in the country, including the Internal Revenue Service.
In May 2008, Comcast purchased Plaxo for a reported $150 million to $170 million.
Comcast launched the SmartZone dashboard in September 2008, that allowed users to perform mobile functions online, with Cloudmark spam and phishing protection and Trend Micro antivirus.
From 2008, Comcast's customer satisfaction ratings were among the lowest in the cable industry.
In 2008, Black Enterprise magazine rated Comcast among the top 15 companies for workforce diversity.
On May 28-29, 2008, the hacker group Kryogeniks redirected traffic from Comcast.net, including webmail and voicemail, by taking control of Comcast's domain via Network Solutions. The outage lasted approximately five hours and caused an estimated loss of $128,000 USD to Comcast.
On May 19, 2009, Disney and ESPN announced an agreement to allow Comcast Corporation to carry the channels ESPNU and ESPN3.
On October 1, 2009, media outlets reported that Comcast was in talks to buy NBC Universal. General Electric was considering spinning off NBC Universal into a separate company, merging the NBC television network and its cable properties with Comcast's content assets. GE would maintain 49% control, while Comcast would own 51%.
On November 1, 2009, The New York Times reported that Comcast had moved closer to a deal to purchase NBC Universal, with a formal announcement potentially the following week.
In 2009, Comcast was included on CableFAX magazine's "Top 10 Places to Work in Cable", which cited its "scale, savvy and vision". Similarly, the Philadelphia Business Journal awarded Comcast the silver medal among extra-large companies in Philadelphia.
In 2010, Brian L. Roberts was one of the highest-paid executives in the United States, with total compensation of about $31 million.
In 2010, Comcast received an "F" for its corporate governance practices from Corporate Library, citing concerns about the board of directors' independence and oversight.
In 2010, Comcast was awarded the "Worst Company in America" award by The Consumerist.
In 2010, Comcast was dubbed "The Worst Company in America" by The Consumerist.
In 2010, Comcast won the Consumerist Worst Company In America award. In response, Comcast acknowledged the award and cited ongoing efforts to improve customer service, including a new app called Tech ETA.
In 2010, James Robert Black Jr. was sentenced to four months in prison, house arrest, community service, supervised release, and restitution for his involvement in the 2008 Kryogeniks hacker group attack against Comcast.
On January 18, 2011, the FCC approved the deal for Comcast to buy a controlling stake in NBC Universal by a vote of 4 to 1.
On January 28, 2011, Comcast completed the transaction to buy a controlling stake in NBC Universal.
In 2011, Comcast received criticism from Writers Guild of America for its policies regarding unions.
In 2011, Comcast's PAC raised approximately $3.7 million for various campaigns. The National Cable and Telecommunications Association Political Action Committee, backed by Comcast, raised $2.6 million in 2011.
In December 2012, Comcast adopted a new corporate logo, which incorporates NBC's peacock logo to signify its ownership of the broadcaster.
On February 12, 2013, Comcast announced that it would acquire the remaining 49% of General Electric's interest in NBCUniversal, in a deal valued at approximately $16.7 billion.
On March 19, 2013, Comcast completed the acquisition of the remaining stake in NBCUniversal.
In 2013, Comcast acquired NBCUniversal and its various mass media subsidiaries, increasing its involvement in film and television programming production.
In 2013, Comcast's lobbying budget was $18.8 million, making it the seventh-largest in the United States. The National Cable & Telecommunications Association, with Comcast executives on its board, also spent $19.8 million on lobbying in 2013.
In 2013, critics noted that Tom Wheeler, the head of the FCC, is the former head of both the largest cable lobbying organization, the National Cable & Telecommunications Association, and the largest wireless lobby, CTIA – The Wireless Association.
On February 12, 2014, it was reported that Comcast sought to acquire Time Warner Cable in a deal valued at $45.2 billion.
On March 6, 2014, the United States Department of Justice Antitrust Division confirmed it was investigating the Comcast-Time Warner Cable deal.
In March 2014, the United States Department of Justice Antitrust Division's chairman, William Baer, recused himself because he was involved in the prior Comcast NBCUniversal acquisition.
On April 9, 2014, the U.S. Senate Judiciary Committee held a hearing on the proposed Comcast-Time Warner Cable deal.
In April 2014, Comcast was awarded the "Worst Company in America" award by The Consumerist for the second time.
In July 2014, Comcast Center was renamed Xfinity Center. Before it was renamed for Comcast's cable subsidiary, Xfinity Center was called Comcast Center from its opening in 2002 through July 2014.
In November 2014, a widely read article by an anonymous Comcast call center employee appeared on Cracked. Titled "Five Nightmares You Live While Working For America's Worst Company", it claimed that Comcast was obsessed with sales, did not train its employees properly, and concluded that "the system makes good customer service impossible."
In 2014, Comcast acquired FreeWheel, an ad-tech company, further expanding its capabilities in digital advertising.
In 2014, Comcast was dubbed "The Worst Company in America" by The Consumerist.
In 2014, critics expressed concern that the deal would give Comcast greater negotiating power in areas such as rebroadcast fees and peering agreements.
On April 24, 2015, Jonathan Sallet, general counsel of the F.C.C., explained that he was going to recommend a hearing before an administrative law judge, equivalent to a collapse of the Comcast-Time Warner Cable deal.
In July 2015, security researchers discovered a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Aptean’s SupportSoft customer support software, which Comcast used. The flaw allowed for the injection of malicious code via manipulated URLs.
In August 2015, Comcast announced that it would increase Internet speeds for low-income customers from 5 Mbit/s to 10 Mbit/s, provide free wireless routers, and pilot an initiative to increase Internet access for low-income senior citizens.
In November 2015, Comcast required approximately 200,000 customers to reset their passwords after email and password combinations were discovered for sale online, likely obtained from external breaches.
Ralph J. Roberts, the founder of Comcast, died in 2015.
In January 2016, researchers at Rapid7 disclosed flaws in Comcast's Xfinity Home security system. Attackers could disrupt communications between sensors and the central hub using radio jamming.
On April 26, 2016, The Wall Street Journal reported that Comcast was in talks to acquire DreamWorks Animation for more than $3 billion.
On April 28, 2016, Comcast officially announced its NBCUniversal subsidiary would acquire DreamWorks Animation for $3.8 billion.
On August 1, 2016, Washington State Attorney General Bob Ferguson filed a lawsuit against Comcast Corporation, alleging the company was illegally deceiving customers to increase profits.
On August 8, 2016, an official Comcast employee confirmed that Comcast was changing native 1080i channels to the 720p60 format.
On August 22, 2016, Comcast completed its acquisition of DreamWorks Animation, integrating it into Universal Filmed Entertainment as part of Universal Pictures.
In September 2016, Comcast confirmed that it would launch an MVNO cellular network with Verizon Wireless, expected to launch in mid-2017, which would allow Comcast to offer a quadruple play of services. The product was described as a 'Wi-Fi and MVNO-integrated product'.
On December 9, 2016, 21st Century Fox announced that it had agreed to buy the remainder of Sky, pending government approval.
In February 2017, the National Advertising Review Board ordered Comcast to cease using claims that it has "America's fastest internet" and the "fastest in-home Wi-Fi" due to lack of substantiation.
On April 6, 2017, Comcast officially announced the launch of its MVNO cellular network as Xfinity Mobile.
On November 16, 2017, it was reported that Comcast attempted to purchase 21st Century Fox, following news that Disney had negotiated with Fox to acquire the same assets. The deal included the 20th Century Fox film and television studios, cable entertainment and broadcast satellite networks, and international channels.
On December 11, 2017, Comcast officially dropped its bid to purchase 21st Century Fox, stating a lack of engagement.
In 2017, DreamWorks Animation released Captain Underpants: The First Epic Movie, before Universal took over distribution of DreamWorks Animation films.
On February 27, 2018, Comcast offered to purchase a 61% stake in Sky plc at a value of £12.50 per-share, approximately £22.1 billion. NBCUniversal CEO Steve Burke stated that purchasing Sky would roughly double its presence in English-speaking markets, and allow for synergies between the respective networks and studios of NBCUniversal and Sky.
On April 25, 2018, Comcast made its formal counter-bid for Sky plc, offering £12.50 per-share; Sky subsequently withdrew its recommendation of the Fox bid.
On May 7, 2018, Comcast announced a potential bid against Disney's effort to acquire Fox after it spoke to investment banks about making a $60 billion cash offer, pending on approval of the AT&T–Time Warner merger.
On June 5, 2018, Culture Secretary Matt Hancock cleared both 21st Century Fox and Comcast's respective offers to acquire Sky plc, contingent on the divestiture of Sky News.
On June 15, 2018, the European Commission gave antitrust clearance to Comcast's offer to purchase Sky, citing limited impact on competition.
On June 19, 2018, Disney formally agreed to acquire Sky News as part of Fox's proposed bid, with a 15-year commitment to increase its annual funding from £90 million to £100 million.
On June 20, 2018, Disney and Fox announced that they had amended their previous merger agreement, upping Disney's offer to $71.3 billion.
On July 11, 2018, 21st Century Fox raised its bid to purchase Sky plc assets to $32.5 billion, and $18.57 a share. In response, Comcast increased its bid to $34 billion, and $19.5 a share. At the same time, Fox was given clearance by the British government to purchase Sky.
On July 12, 2018, the Department of Justice filed a notice of appeal with the D.C. Circuit to reverse the District Court's approval for AT&T's acquisition of Time Warner (then renamed WarnerMedia). Analysts say it is the 'final nail in the coffin for Comcast's Fox chase. This is a clear gift to Disney.'
On July 16, 2018, CNBC reported that Comcast was unlikely to continue its bidding war to acquire Fox from Disney, as Comcast favored Sky.
On July 18, 2018, Bloomberg reported that the Sky board scheduled July 27, 2018 as the day shareholders vote on selling Sky properties.
On June 28, 2018, Disney and Fox shareholders scheduled July 27, 2018 as the day to vote on Fox's properties being sold to Disney, giving Comcast enough time to make a higher counter-offer for the Fox assets.
On September 22, 2018, Comcast outbid 21st Century Fox by raising its bid for Sky plc to $40 billion, which equals $22.57 a share.
On September 25, 2018, Comcast bought a 30% stake of Sky plc.
On September 26, 2018, Fox, with the consent of its acquirer, sold its 39% stake in Sky to Comcast in exchange for $15 billion in cash.
In October 2018 Comcast acquired the rest of the shares of Sky.
The merger was completed on November 7, 2018, when the company was delisted after becoming a wholly owned subsidiary and division of Comcast.
In November 2018, Comcast acquired the entirety of Sky for £17.28 per-share.
On December 21, 2018, Minnesota State Attorney General Lori Swanson filed a lawsuit against Comcast over allegations of overcharging customers, adding unauthorized services, and failing to provide promised prepaid Visa cards.
As of 2018, Sky is Europe's largest media company and pay-TV broadcaster by revenue.
In 2018, Comcast became the parent company of Sky Group after dropping out of the bidding war for 21st Century Fox.
In 2018, Comcast finished construction of the Comcast Technology Center, Pennsylvania's tallest skyscraper, adjacent to its original headquarters.
As of 2019, Sky had 23 million subscribers and more than 31,000 employees.
As of 2019, the company had 184,000 employees.
In 2019, Universal took over distribution of DreamWorks Animation films beginning with How to Train Your Dragon: The Hidden World, after DreamWorks Animation's deal with 20th Century Fox ended.
In 2019, the Fox Broadcasting Company, Fox Television Stations, Fox Sports, and Fox News units were spun off into a new independent company, later known as the Fox Corporation.
On January 25, 2020, the lawsuit filed by the Minnesota State Attorney General against Comcast was settled, resulting in refunds and debt relief for customers, and disclosure of full service charges in advertisements.
On February 25, 2020, Comcast acquired Xumo, a free ad-supported streaming television (FAST) service, for an undisclosed amount.
Comcast reported total CO2e emissions (direct + indirect) for the twelve months ending December 2020 at 2,291 Kt (-249 /-9.8% y-o-y).
As of 2020, the company was ranked 28th on the Fortune 500 rankings of the largest United States corporations by total revenue.
In 2020, Comcast contributed $200,000 to the Rule of Law Defense Fund, which later provided funding to the Save America March.
In 2020, NBCUniversal and Sky Group began preparations to launch an international news channel called NBC Sky World News, which was also planned for Peacock in the United States. The project was later scrapped in August due to the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in layoffs.
In June 2021, the Supreme Court rejected a petition for review by Comcast regarding an antitrust lawsuit by Viamedia, Inc.
On October 19, 2021, Comcast announced "XClass TV", a line of smart TVs manufactured by Hisense that would be powered by the X1 software platform used by its cable services.
In November 2021, Comcast signed a deal to carry the ACC Network, after criticism for being the last major provider to neglect to carry the network.
NBCSN folded in 2021.
In April 2022, Comcast and Charter Communications announced that they would form a joint venture to create a "next-generation streaming platform", with Comcast contributing its Xfinity Flex, XClass TV, and Xumo businesses.
On June 20, 2022, Comcast acquired Levl, an American-Israeli startup focused on wireless device authentication and hacking prevention, for approximately $50 million. Following the acquisition, Comcast announced it will establish its first development center in Israel.
In November 2022, Comcast and Charter announced that their joint venture would use the Xumo name, with Xumo, Xfinity Flex, and XClass TV rebranded as Xumo Play, Xumo Stream Box, and Xumo TV respectively.
In 2022, Comcast reported a net profit.
For the fiscal year 2022, Comcast reported earnings of US$15.4 billion, a decrease of 6.2% compared to the prior year. Annual revenue increased by 4.3% over the same period. Their net debt was $91.2 billion, exceeding total shareholders' equity of $80.9 billion as of December 31, 2022.
In December 2023, Comcast disclosed that approximately 35.9 million Xfinity accounts were affected by the exploitation of a Citrix NetScaler vulnerability, exposing usernames, encrypted passwords, and other personal information.
In 2023, Comcast Corporation was ranked 51st in the Forbes Global 2000.
In 2023, Comcast and Disney agreed that Comcast would sell its 33% stake to Hulu. The streaming service is valued at $27.5 billion in this deal. Part of the proceeds from this deal will be used to buy back Comcast shares.
In 2023, Sky reported a pre-tax loss of £773 million ($1.045 billion), with operating losses having doubled. Sky News is estimated to lose at least £30 million ($40.57 million) per annum.
In February 2024, Financial Business and Consumer Solutions (FBCS), a debt collection agency formerly used by Comcast, reported a ransomware attack that exposed information on approximately 237,000 Comcast customers.
In September 2024, it was reported that Comcast had made a $50,000 donation to the anti-abortion PAC Florida Freedom Fund.
On October 31, 2024, Mike Cavanagh announced on the company's 2024 third-quarter earnings call that Comcast would consider a spin-off of its cable networks.
In 2024, Comcast signed a deal with Starlink to provide satellite-based connectivity to business customers in regions with limited network access.
As of March 31, 2025:
On May 6, 2025, it was announced that the spin-off company would be referred to as "Versant." Versant has announced it will rename MSNBC to MSNOW.
In June 2025, U.S. government agencies assessed that Comcast was among several telecommunications providers likely targeted by a Chinese state-linked cyber-espionage group referred to as "Salt Typhoon."
The spin-off is expected to be completed in early 2026, pending regulatory approval.
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