Comcast is a major American multinational conglomerate operating in mass media, telecommunications, and entertainment. Ranked among the world's largest companies, it holds leading positions in the pay-TV, cable TV, and home internet service sectors within the United States. Headquartered in Philadelphia, Comcast is recognized as a global telecommunications giant.
In 1920, Ralph J. Roberts, the founder of Comcast, was born.
In 1963, Ralph J. Roberts and his partners purchased American Cable Systems for $500,000.
In 1965, American Cable Systems purchased Storecast Corporation of America, a product placement supermarket specialist marketing firm.
In 1968, American Cable Systems purchased its first franchise of Muzak, a brand of background music played in retail stores. Storecast was a client of Muzak.
On March 5, 1969, the company was re-incorporated in Pennsylvania under the new name Comcast Corporation.
On June 29, 1972, Comcast had its initial public offering (IPO) on the NASDAQ stock exchange, with a market capitalization of U.S. $3,010,000.
In 1977, HBO was first launched on a Comcast system with 20,000 customers in western Pennsylvania with a five-night free preview getting a 15% sign up rate.
In 1986, Comcast bought 26% of Group W Cable, doubling its subscribers to 1 million. That year, Comcast also made a founding investment of $380 million in QVC.
In 1988, Comcast bought a 50% share of SCI Holdings and acquired American Cellular Network Corporation for $230 million, marking its entry into mobile phone operation.
In February 1990, Brian L. Roberts succeeded his father, Ralph Roberts, as president of Comcast. Ralph Roberts established The Comcast Fund.
In 1994, Comcast became the third-largest cable operator in the United States, with around 3.5 million subscribers, following its purchase of Maclean-Hunter's American division for $1.27 billion. Also, Comcast owned 50% stock in the cable communications company Garden State Cable.
In 1996, Comcast acquired professional sports company Spectacor, bolstering its news and sports divisions, including NBC Sports and Telemundo Deportes.
In 1996, Comcast bought a controlling stake in Spectacor from the company's founder, Ed Snider.
In 1996, Comcast offered internet connection for the first time through its part in the launch of the @Home Network. Also in 1996, Comcast formed Comcast Spectacor, which became the owner of the Philadelphia Flyers.
In 1997, Comcast's cable acquisitions included Jones Intercable, Inc. with 1 million customers, and a stake in Prime Communications with 430,000 subscribers.
By December 31, 1997, Comcast's digital television service was available in the Philadelphia, Detroit, Baltimore, Orange County, California, Sarasota and Union, New Jersey areas.
In February 1998, Comcast sold its U.K. division to NTL for US$600 million, along with the division's $397 million in debt.
In November 1999, Comcast purchased Lenfest Communications, consolidating control over the Philadelphia region and gaining approximately 1.3 million additional cable subscribers. This also bought Comcast the remaining 50% stock of the cable operator Garden State Communications.
In 1999, Comcast sold Comcast Cellular to SBC Communications for $400 million. Also in 1999, Comcast acquired Greater Philadelphia Cablevision, and launched Comcast University as well as Comcast Interactive Capital Group.
After Excite@Home went bankrupt in October 2001, Comcast took over providing internet directly to consumers in January 2002.
On December 7, 2001, following the agreement to acquire AT&T Broadband, Comcast and the new assets were reincorporated in Pennsylvania.
Since the American Customer Satisfaction Index (ACSI) surveys began in 2001, Comcast's Customer Service Rating has not improved.
In January 2002, Comcast took over providing internet directly to consumers after Excite@Home went bankrupt in October 2001.
On November 18, 2002, Comcast officially acquired all assets of AT&T Broadband, becoming the largest cable television company in the United States with over 22 million subscribers. This also spurred the start of Comcast Advertising Sales.
In 2002, Comcast paid the University of Maryland $25 million for naming rights to the new basketball arena built on the College Park campus, initially named Comcast Center.
In 2003, Comcast became one of the original investors in The Golf Channel.
On February 11, 2004, Comcast announced a $54 billion bid for Disney, which was later abandoned in April.
In 2004, a dispute with CWA, a labor union representing many employees at Comcast's Beaverton, Oregon offices, led to allegations of management intimidating workers.
In 2004, the American Customer Satisfaction Index (ACSI) survey found that Comcast had the worst customer satisfaction rating of any company or government agency in the country.
On January 3, 2005, Comcast announced it would become the anchor tenant in the new Comcast Center in downtown Philadelphia.
In April 2005, Comcast and Time Warner Cable announced plans to buy the assets of bankrupted Adelphia Cable for $17.6 billion, a deal that was finalized in 2006.
On October 31, 2005, Comcast officially announced that it had acquired Susquehanna Communications for $775 million cash.
In December 2005, Comcast announced the creation of Comcast Interactive Media, a new division focused on online media.
In August 2006, Comcast and Time Warner Cable dissolved their 50/50 partnership, which controlled systems in Houston, Southwest Texas, San Antonio, and Kansas City markets under the Time Warner Cable brand. Comcast obtained the Houston system after the dissolution in August 2006.
Comcast reported a net profit in 2006.
In 2006, Comcast acquired thePlatform, a digital distribution company.
In 2006, Comcast and Time Warner Cable finalized the deal to buy the assets of bankrupted Adelphia Cable after the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) completed a seven-month investigation without raising an objection.
On January 1, 2007, Comcast officially took control of the Houston system acquired after the dissolution of a partnership with Time Warner Cable, but continued to operate it under the Time Warner Cable brand.
On April 3, 2007, Comcast announced it would acquire the cable systems owned and operated by Patriot Media for $483 million.
Comcast announced SmartZone in May 2007, a dashboard that allowed users to perform mobile functions online. SmartZone was launched in September 2008.
On June 19, 2007, Comcast ceased operating the Houston system under the Time Warner Cable brand, completing the transition after taking control earlier in the year.
In October 2007, Comcast's NHL deal obligated them to create a U.S. version of NHL Network.
From 2007 to 2012, Comcast was among the top backers of Barack Obama's presidential runs, with Comcast vice president David Cohen raising over $2.2 million.
In 2007, the American Customer Satisfaction Index (ACSI) survey found that Comcast had the worst customer satisfaction rating of any company or government agency in the country.
In May 2008, Comcast purchased Plaxo for a reported $150 million to $170 million.
In September 2008, Comcast launched SmartZone, a dashboard that allowed users to perform mobile functions online. It included Cloudmark spam and phishing protection, Trend Micro antivirus, and Comcast Plaxo software for the address book.
From 2008 to 2010, Comcast's customer satisfaction ratings were among the lowest in the cable industry.
In 2008, Black Enterprise magazine rated Comcast among the top 15 companies for workforce diversity.
On May 28–29, 2008, the hacker group Kryogeniks redirected traffic from Comcast.net by taking control of Comcast's domain, causing an estimated loss of $128,000 USD to Comcast.
On May 19, 2009, Disney and ESPN announced an agreement to allow Comcast Corporation to carry the channels ESPNU and ESPN3.
On October 1, 2009, media outlets reported that Comcast was in talks to buy NBC Universal. CNBC reported General Electric was considering spinning off NBC Universal into a separate company merging the NBC television network, cable properties like USA Network, Syfy, MSNBC and Universal Pictures, with Comcast's content assets.
On November 1, 2009, The New York Times reported that Comcast had moved closer to a deal to purchase NBC Universal, with a formal announcement expected the following week.
In 2009, Comcast was included on CableFAX magazine's "Top 10 Places to Work in Cable" and was awarded the silver medal among extra-large companies in Philadelphia by the Philadelphia Business Journal.
In 2010, Brian L. Roberts, chairman and CEO of Comcast, was one of the highest-paid executives in the United States, with total compensation of about $31 million.
In 2010, Comcast was awarded the "Worst Company in America" award by The Consumerist.
In 2010, Comcast was dubbed "The Worst Company in America" by The Consumerist.
In 2010, Comcast was given an "F" for its corporate governance practices by Corporate Library due to board of directors' ties to the company and the age of some directors.
In 2010, Comcast won the Consumerist Worst Company In America ("Golden Poo") award. Comcast responded immediately by publicly acknowledging the dubious award and citing ongoing efforts to improve its customer service.
In 2010, James Robert Black Jr., one of the hackers involved in redirecting traffic from Comcast.net in 2008, was sentenced to four months in prison, house arrest/electronic home monitoring, 150 hours of community service, supervised release, and restitution.
On January 18, 2011, the FCC approved Comcast's deal to buy a controlling stake in NBC Universal by a vote of 4 to 1.
On January 28, 2011, Comcast completed the transaction to buy a controlling 51% stake in NBC Universal.
From 2011 to 2012, Comcast's PAC raised about $3.7 million for the campaigns of various candidates for office in the United States Federal Government. Comcast also backed the National Cable and Telecommunications Association Political Action Committee, which raised $2.6 million from 2011 to 2012.
In 2011, Comcast received criticism from Writers Guild of America for its policies regarding unions.
In December 2012, Comcast adopted a new corporate logo that incorporated NBC's peacock logo, symbolizing its ownership of the broadcaster.
From 2007 to 2012, Comcast was among the top backers of Barack Obama's presidential runs, with Comcast vice president David Cohen raising over $2.2 million.
From 2011 to 2012, Comcast's PAC raised about $3.7 million for the campaigns of various candidates for office in the United States Federal Government. Comcast also backed the National Cable and Telecommunications Association Political Action Committee, which raised $2.6 million. Comcast also spent the most money of any organization in support of the Stop Online Piracy and PROTECT IP bills, spending roughly $5 million to lobby for their passage.
On February 12, 2013, Comcast announced it would acquire the remaining 49% of General Electric's interest in NBCUniversal for approximately $16.7 billion.
On March 19, 2013, Comcast completed the acquisition of the remaining 49% interest in NBCUniversal from General Electric.
In 2013, Comcast acquired NBCUniversal and its various mass media subsidiaries.
In 2013, Comcast had the seventh largest lobbying budget in the United States, spending $18.8 million. The National Cable & Telecommunications Association, with Comcast executives on its board, also spent $19.8 million in 2013 representing Comcast and other cable companies.
In 2013, critics noted that Tom Wheeler, the head of the FCC, was the former head of both the National Cable & Telecommunications Association and CTIA – The Wireless Association.
On February 12, 2014, The Los Angeles Times reported that Comcast sought to acquire Time Warner Cable in a deal valued at $45.2 billion.
On March 6, 2014, the United States Department of Justice Antitrust Division confirmed it was investigating the proposed acquisition of Time Warner Cable by Comcast.
In March 2014, William Baer, the chairman of the United States Department of Justice Antitrust Division, recused himself from the investigation of the Comcast-Time Warner Cable deal due to his prior involvement in the Comcast NBCUniversal acquisition.
On April 9, 2014, the U.S. Senate Judiciary Committee held a hearing to discuss the proposed Comcast acquisition of Time Warner Cable.
In April 2014, Comcast was awarded the 2014 "Worst Company in America" award by The Consumerist.
Before it was renamed for Comcast's cable subsidiary, Xfinity Center was called Comcast Center from its opening in 2002 through July 2014.
In November 2014, a widely read article by an anonymous Comcast call center employee appeared on Cracked, detailing negative experiences and criticisms of the company's practices.
In 2014, Comcast acquired FreeWheel, an ad-tech company.
In 2014, Comcast was dubbed "The Worst Company in America" by The Consumerist.
In 2014, Dreamworks animation was in merger talks with Hasbro and SoftBank, but did not reach an agreement.
In 2014, critics expressed concerns that Comcast's potential acquisition of Time Warner Cable would give Comcast greater negotiating power in areas like rebroadcast fees and peering agreements.
On April 24, 2015, Jonathan Sallet, the general counsel of the F.C.C., indicated that he would recommend a hearing before an administrative law judge regarding the Comcast-Time Warner Cable deal, signaling a potential collapse of the deal.
In July 2015, security researchers discovered a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Aptean's SupportSoft customer support software used by Comcast. The flaw allowed malicious code to be injected via manipulated URLs, enabling phishing attacks.
In August 2015, Comcast announced it would increase Internet speeds for low-income customers from 5 Mbit/s to 10 Mbit/s and provide free wireless routers. They also announced a pilot initiative to increase Internet access for low-income senior citizens.
In November 2015, Comcast required approximately 200,000 customers to reset their passwords after email and password combinations were discovered for sale online, likely obtained from other breaches, phishing, or malware.
In 2015, Comcast founder Ralph J. Roberts passed away.
In January 2016, researchers disclosed flaws in Comcast's Xfinity Home security system. Attackers could disrupt communications between sensors and the central hub, potentially preventing the detection of intrusions. The system also failed to alert users when communications were lost.
On April 26, 2016, The Wall Street Journal reported that Comcast was in talks to acquire DreamWorks Animation for more than $3 billion.
On April 28, 2016, Comcast officially announced that its NBCUniversal subsidiary would acquire DreamWorks Animation for $3.8 billion.
On August 1, 2016, Washington State Attorney General Bob Ferguson filed a lawsuit against Comcast Corporation, alleging the company illegally deceived their customers. The FCC issued a $2.3 million fine to Comcast for charging customers for unordered services and equipment.
On August 8, 2016, an official Comcast employee confirmed that Comcast was changing native 1080i channels to the 720p60 format.
On August 22, 2016, Comcast completed the acquisition of DreamWorks Animation, integrating it into Universal Filmed Entertainment as part of Universal Pictures.
In September 2016, Comcast confirmed it would launch an MVNO cellular network with Verizon Wireless, expected to launch in mid-2017.
On 9 December 2016, 21st Century Fox announced that it had agreed to buy the remainder of Sky, pending government approval.
In February 2017, the National Advertising Review Board ordered Comcast to cease using a claim based on Speedtest.net data that it has "America's fastest internet" and "fastest in-home Wi-Fi" due to poor substantiation.
On November 16, 2017, reports surfaced that Comcast attempted to purchase 21st Century Fox, joining Disney in pursuing the same assets.
On December 11, 2017, Comcast officially dropped its bid to acquire 21st Century Fox, citing a lack of sufficient engagement.
In 2017, DreamWorks Animation released "Captain Underpants: The First Epic Movie", which was the last movie released by Dreamworks with distribution by 20th Century Fox.
On February 27, 2018, Comcast offered to purchase a 61% stake in Sky plc at a value of £12.50 per-share, approximately £22.1 billion.
On April 25, 2018, Comcast made its formal counter-bid for Sky plc, offering £12.50 per-share, leading Sky to withdraw its recommendation of the Fox bid.
On May 7, 2018, Comcast announced a potential bid against Disney's effort to acquire Fox after it spoke to investment banks about making a $60 billion cash offer, pending on approval of the AT&T–Time Warner merger.
On June 5, 2018, Culture Secretary Matt Hancock cleared both 21st Century Fox and Comcast's respective offers to acquire Sky plc, with Fox's offer contingent on the divestiture of Sky News.
On June 15, 2018, the European Commission gave antitrust clearance to Comcast's offer to purchase Sky, citing limited impact on competition due to their current assets in Europe. Comcast also included a 10-year commitment to the operations and funding of Sky News, similar to Disney's offer.
On June 19, 2018, Disney formally agreed to acquire Sky News as part of Fox's proposed bid, committing to a 15-year increase in annual funding from £90 million to £100 million.
On June 20, 2018, Disney and Fox announced that they had amended their previous merger agreement, upping Disney's offer to $71.3 billion (a 10% premium over Comcast's $65 billion offer), while also offering shareholders the option of receiving cash instead of stock.
On July 11, 2018, 21st Century Fox raised its bid to purchase Sky plc assets to $32.5 billion, and $18.57 a share. In response, Comcast increased its bid to $34 billion, and $19.5 a share.
On July 16, 2018, CNBC reported that Comcast was unlikely to continue its bidding war to acquire Fox from Disney, signaling a shift in focus towards Sky.
On July 18, 2018, Bloomberg reported that the Sky board scheduled July 27, 2018 as the day shareholders vote on selling Sky properties.
On June 28, Disney and Fox shareholders scheduled July 27, 2018 as the day to vote on Fox's properties being sold to Disney, giving Comcast enough time to make a higher counter-offer for the Fox assets.
On September 22, 2018, Comcast outbid 21st Century Fox by raising its bid for Sky plc to $40 billion, or $22.57 a share.
On September 25, 2018, Comcast bought a 30% stake of Sky plc.
On September 26, 2018, Fox, with the consent of its acquirer, sold its 39% stake in Sky plc to Comcast in exchange for $15 billion in cash.
In October 2018 Comcast acquired the rest of the shares of Sky with the company being delisted in November.
On November 7, 2018, the merger between Comcast and Sky plc was completed when the company was delisted after becoming a wholly owned subsidiary and division of Comcast.
In November 2018, Comcast acquired the entirety of Sky for £17.28 per-share.
On December 21, 2018, Minnesota State Attorney General Lori Swanson filed a lawsuit against Comcast over allegations of overcharging customers and adding unauthorized services to bills.
As of 2018, Sky is Europe's largest media company and pay-TV broadcaster by revenue.
In 2018, Comcast became the parent company of Sky Group after acquiring the company from Fox and other shareholders.
In the fall of 2018, Comcast finished construction of the 1,121 ft (342 m) Comcast Technology Center.
As of 2019, Sky has more than 31,000 employees.
In 2019, Comcast's theme park locations earned revenue of $1.63 billion.
In 2019, Universal took over distribution of DreamWorks Animation films, starting with "How to Train Your Dragon: The Hidden World", after DreamWorks Animation's deal with 20th Century Fox expired.
In 2019, the Fox Broadcasting Company, Fox Television Stations, Fox Sports, and Fox News units were spun-off into a new independent company, later known as the Fox Corporation.
On January 25, 2020, the lawsuit filed by Minnesota State Attorney General in 2018 was settled, with Comcast being ordered to refund 15,600 customers and provide debt relief to 16,000 others.
On February 25, 2020, Comcast acquired Xumo, a free ad-supported streaming television (FAST) service, for an undisclosed amount, planning to leverage its streaming technology and distribution partnerships.
Beginning in March 2020, Comcast's theme park in California was closed due to the COVID-19 pandemic, leading to limited capacity measures and an 81% drop in revenue for their theme park locations.
In December 2020, Comcast reported total CO2e emissions (direct + indirect) for the twelve months ending 31 December 2020 at 2,291 Kt (-249 /-9.8% y-o-y).
As of 2020, Comcast was ranked 28th on the Fortune 500 rankings of the largest United States corporations by total revenue.
In 2020, Comcast contributed $200,000 to the Rule of Law Defense Fund, a fund-raising arm of the Republican Attorneys General Association.
On January 6, 2021, the Rule of Law Defense Fund, to which Comcast contributed $200,000 in 2020, was shown to have provided funding to the Save America March that devolved into an attack on the U.S. Capitol.
In June 2021, the Supreme Court rejected a petition for review by Comcast regarding an antitrust lawsuit by Viamedia, Inc.
On October 19, 2021, Comcast announced "XClass TV", a line of smart TVs manufactured by Hisense that would be powered by the X1 software platform used by its cable services.
In November 2021, Comcast signed a deal to carry the ACC Network.
In 2021, NBCSN folded.
In April 2022, Comcast and Charter Communications announced that they would form a joint venture to form a "next-generation streaming platform", with Comcast contributing its Xfinity Flex, XClass TV, and Xumo businesses.
On June 20, 2022, Comcast acquired Levl, an American-Israeli startup focused on wireless device authentication and hacking prevention, for approximately $50 million. Comcast subsequently announced plans to establish its inaugural development center in Israel.
In November 2022, Comcast and Charter announced that the joint venture would use the Xumo name, with Xumo, Xfinity Flex, and XClass TV rebranded as Xumo Play, Xumo Stream Box, and Xumo TV respectively.
Comcast reported a net profit in 2022.
For the fiscal year 2022, Comcast reported earnings of US$15.4 billion. As of December 31, 2022, their net debt was $91.2 billion, exceeding total shareholders' equity of $80.9 billion.
In December 2023, Comcast disclosed that approximately 35.9 million Xfinity accounts had been affected by exploitation of a Citrix NetScaler Vulnerability, known as "CitrixBleed" (CVE-2023-4966).
In 2023, Comcast and Disney agreed that Comcast would sell its 33% stake to Hulu. The streaming service is valued at $27.5 billion in this deal.
In 2023, Comcast was ranked 51st in the Forbes Global 2000 list.
In 2023, operating losses doubled as Sky reported a pre-tax loss of £773 million ($1.045 billion).
In February 2024, Financial Business and Consumer Solutions (FBCS), a debt collection agency formerly used by Comcast, reported a ransomware attack that exposed information on approximately 237,000 Comcast customers.
In September 2024, it was reported that Comcast had made a $50,000 donation to the anti-abortion PAC Florida Freedom Fund.
On October 31, 2024, Mike Cavanagh announced on the company's 2024 third-quarter earnings call that Comcast would consider a spin-off of its cable networks.
In 2024, Comcast signed a deal with Starlink to provide satellite-based connectivity to business customers in regions with limited network access.
As of March 31, 2025:
On May 6, 2025, it was announced that the spun off cable network company of Comcast would be referred to as "Versant." Versant has announced it will rename MSNBC to MSNOW.
In June 2025, U.S. government agencies assessed that Comcast was among several telecommunications providers likely targeted by a Chinese state-linked cyber-espionage group referred to as "Salt Typhoon."
On November 6, 2025, it was reported that Comcast contracted Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley about a possible takeover of the studio and streaming assets of Warner Bros. Discovery (WBD).
In 2025, Comcast was one of the donors who funded the White House's East Wing demolition, and planned building of a ballroom.
In 2026, the spin-off of Comcast's cable networks into a separate entity called "Versant" is expected to be completed in early 2026.
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