Janet Louise Yellen is an American economist notable for her groundbreaking roles as the first woman to chair the Federal Reserve (2014-2018) and serve as United States Secretary of the Treasury (2021-2025). Her career includes leading the White House Council of Economic Advisers. Currently, she is a professor at the University of California, Berkeley, contributing significantly to economic thought and policy.
In 1906, Julius Yellen, Janet Yellen's father, was born. He later became a family physician.
In 1907, Anna Ruth Blumenthal, Janet Yellen's mother, was born. She later became an elementary school teacher before becoming a stay-at-home mother.
In 1934, Marriner S. Eccles was appointed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt amidst the Great Depression. Janet Yellen has been described as the most liberal Federal Reserve leader since Eccles.
In 1942, Janet Yellen's older brother, John Yellen, was born. He later became a program director for archaeology at the National Science Foundation.
On August 13, 1946, Janet Louise Yellen was born. She later became an American economist and public servant.
In 1963, Janet Yellen graduated as the valedictorian of her class at Fort Hamilton High School.
In June 1998, while at the Council of Economic Advisers, a report was released stating that while the Equal Pay Act of 1963 was a step forward, there was no explanation for a 25-percent difference between average pay for women and men.
In the spring of 1964, Janet Yellen joined the business staff of The Brown Daily Herald, but soon afterward she left the paper to focus on her academic studies.
In 1967, Janet Yellen graduated from Brown University.
In June 1998, the Council of Economic Advisers analyzed data from 1969 to 1996 to determine the reasons why women earn substantially less than men.
Janet Yellen completed her time at the Fed with the lowest final unemployment rate of any Fed chair since William McChesney Martin in 1970.
In 1971, Janet Yellen became an assistant professor of economics at Harvard University.
In 1971, Janet Yellen earned a Ph.D. in economics from Yale University.
In 1971, Janet Yellen earned her master's and PhD in economics from Yale University.
In 1975, Janet Yellen's father, Julius Yellen, who was a family physician, passed away.
In 1976, Janet Yellen's time as an assistant professor at Harvard University concluded.
In 1976, Janet Yellen's time as an assistant professor at Harvard University ended.
In 1977, Janet Yellen became a staff economist for the Federal Reserve Board.
In 1977, Janet Yellen joined the Federal Reserve's Board of Governors as a staff economist.
In the fall of 1977, Janet Yellen met George Akerlof, who would later become her husband, at an event. They became engaged in December of that year.
Janet Yellen became the first person in U.S. central bank history to have served as staff economist from 1977-1978.
In June 1978, Janet Yellen married George Akerlof, an economist and Nobel laureate, after meeting in the fall of 1977 and becoming engaged that December.
In 1978, Janet Yellen became a faculty member at the London School of Economics.
In 1978, Janet Yellen married economist George Akerlof after meeting him at the Federal Reserve.
Janet Yellen became the first person in U.S. central bank history to have served as staff economist from 1977-1978.
Yellen's departure makes her the briefest-serving central bank chief since G. William Miller, who held that office for over a year, from 1978 to 1979.
Janet Yellen was the first Democrat to become chair since Paul Volcker assumed that position in 1979 via President Jimmy Carter.
Yellen's departure makes her the briefest-serving central bank chief since G. William Miller, who held that office for over a year, from 1978 to 1979.
In 1980, Janet Yellen became a faculty member at the Haas School of Business at the University of California, Berkeley.
In 1980, Janet Yellen joined the faculty of the University of California, Berkeley.
In 1980, Janet Yellen, alongside Alan Blinder, became the first Democratic appointees to the Board since 1980.
In 1981, Janet Yellen's son, Robert Akerlof, was born. He is also an economist.
In 1982, Janet Yellen became just the second woman at Berkeley-Haas to earn tenure.
In 1985, Janet Yellen earned the Haas School's outstanding teaching award.
In 1986, Janet Yellen's mother, Anna Ruth (Blumenthal) Yellen, passed away.
In 1988, Janet Yellen earned the Haas School's outstanding teaching award for the second time.
In 1990, Janet Yellen and George Akerlof's paper, "The Fair-Wage Effort Hypothesis and Unemployment", was published, coining "the fair wage effort hypothesis" and contributing significantly to efficiency wage theory.
In 1992, Janet Yellen was named the Bernard T. Rocca Jr. Professor of International Business and Trade.
On April 22, 1994, President Bill Clinton announced his intention to nominate Janet Yellen as a member of the Federal Reserve Board of Governors.
In July 1994, Janet Yellen's confirmation hearing before the Senate Banking Committee took place, during which she discussed Fed policies.
On August 12, 1994, Janet Yellen was appointed to a full 14-year term on the Federal Reserve Board of Governors.
In 1994, Janet Yellen became a member of the Federal Reserve Board of Governors.
In 1994, Janet Yellen took a leave of absence from Berkeley to go into public service.
Janet Yellen became the first person in U.S. central bank history to have served as Fed governor from 1994-1997.
In July 1996, Janet Yellen used academic research to dissuade Chairman Alan Greenspan and the Federal Reserve from a zero inflation policy, arguing for moderate inflation to reduce unemployment and increase economic growth.
On December 20, 1996, Janet Yellen joined the Clinton administration as chair of President Clinton's Council of Economic Advisers (CEA), succeeding Joseph Stiglitz.
In 1996, Janet Yellen co-authored "An Analysis of Out-of-Wedlock Childbearing in the United States" with George Akerlof and Michael Katz, exploring the rise of out-of-wedlock births and introducing the "reproductive technology shock" theory.
In June 1998, while at the Council of Economic Advisers, Janet Yellen oversaw the release of a report titled "Explaining Trends in the Gender Wage Gap", which analyzed data from 1969 to 1996 and identified a 25-percent unexplained difference in average pay between women and men, attributing it to discrimination within the workforce.
On February 13, 1997, Janet Yellen was unanimously confirmed by the Senate, becoming the second woman to serve as chief economic advisor to the president after Laura Tyson.
On February 17, 1997, Janet Yellen resigned as a member of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System upon her confirmation as chair of the Council of Economic Advisers.
In 1997, Janet Yellen was named chair of the Council of Economic Advisers.
Janet Yellen became the first person in U.S. central bank history to have served as Fed governor from 1994-1997 and 2010-2018.
In June 1998, while at the Council of Economic Advisers, Janet Yellen oversaw the release of a report titled "Explaining Trends in the Gender Wage Gap", which analyzed data from 1969 to 1996 and identified a 25-percent unexplained difference in average pay between women and men, attributing it to discrimination within the workforce.
In April 1999, Janet Yellen discussed her views on applying Keynesian economics to policymaking at Yale's economics department reunion, emphasizing the recognition of market failures and the need for policies to remedy them.
In June 1999, Janet Yellen announced that she was stepping down from the Council of Economic Advisers (CEA) for personal reasons and would return to teaching at UC Berkeley.
From 1997 to 1999, Janet Yellen concurrently chaired the OECD Economic Policy Committee while serving within the Clinton Administration.
From 1999, Janet Yellen served as a research associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research.
In 1999, Janet Yellen resumed her teaching assignment at Haas and received a joint appointment with Berkeley's Department of Economics. She was also appointed the Eugene E. and Catherine M. Trefethen Professor of Business Administration and Professor of Economics.
In 1999, Janet Yellen returned to academia after serving as chair of the Council of Economic Advisers.
In 2001, Janet Yellen's husband, George Akerlof, received the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences.
In 2003, Janet Yellen's son, Robert Akerlof, graduated summa cum laude in economics and mathematics from Yale University.
On April 12, 2004, it was announced that Janet Yellen would replace Robert T. Parry as president and CEO of the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, effective June 14, becoming the first woman to hold the position.
In 2004, Janet Yellen became the president and chief executive officer of the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco.
Janet Yellen became the first person in U.S. central bank history to have served as district president from 2004-2010.
Lawrence Summers sparked controversy in 2005 for remarks on women's aptitude in math and science while serving as Harvard University's president.
In 2006, Janet Yellen served as a voting member of the policy-setting Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC), her first time as a voting member.
In 2006, Janet Yellen was awarded the title of professor emeritus at UC Berkeley.
On December 16, 2015, the Federal Reserve, under Janet Yellen, increased its key interest rate for the first time since 2006.
During the 2008 financial crisis, Janet Yellen warned against hastily removing stimulus, believing in the state's duty to tackle poverty and inequality.
Following the 2016 presidential election, Yellen argued that it would be inappropriate to weaken or repeal the law designed to prevent a repeat of the 2008 financial crisis.
On June 5, 2009, Janet Yellen stated that the Federal Reserve should consider raising interest rates earlier to prevent another housing bubble, arguing that higher short-term interest rates could restrain the demand for housing and high-risk mortgages.
In July 2009, Janet Yellen was mentioned as a potential successor to Chairman Ben Bernanke when his term was set to expire.
In 2009, Janet Yellen's son, Robert Akerlof, earned his Ph.D. in economics from Harvard University.
In March 2010, Janet Yellen emerged as the leading contender for vice chair of the Federal Reserve Board.
On April 28, 2010, President Barack Obama nominated Janet Yellen to succeed Donald Kohn as vice chair of the Federal Reserve.
In July 2010, the Senate Banking Committee voted 17–6 to confirm Janet Yellen as vice chair of the Federal Reserve.
On September 29, 2010, Janet Yellen was confirmed by the Senate as both a member of the board of governors and vice chairman of the Federal Reserve System.
In 2010, Janet Yellen became the Vice Chair of the Federal Reserve.
In 2010, Janet Yellen's tenure as research associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research concluded.
Janet Yellen became the first person in U.S. central bank history to have served as Federal Reserve vice chair from 2010-2014.
In July 2013, Janet Yellen was pushed to be named the first chairwoman of the central bank in a letter that was circulated among the Senate Democrats and had been signed by almost a third of the 54 caucus senators, who primarily represent the liberal wing of the party.
On October 9, 2013, Janet Yellen was officially nominated to replace Ben Bernanke as chair of the Federal Reserve, becoming the first vice chair ever to be elevated to that post.
On December 20, 2013, the U.S. Senate voted 59–34 for cloture on Janet Yellen's nomination as chair of the Federal Reserve.
On January 6, 2014, Janet Yellen was confirmed as chair of the Federal Reserve by a vote of 56–26.
On February 3, 2014, Janet Yellen was sworn into office as chair of the Federal Reserve.
In July 2014, at her first semi-annual congressional testimony on U.S. monetary policy, Janet Yellen stated that real estate, equities, and corporate bond prices were generally in line with historical norms, while acknowledging concerns about lower-rated corporate debt.
In 2014, Janet Yellen became the Chair of the Federal Reserve, marking the first time a woman held the position.
Janet Yellen became the first person in U.S. central bank history to have served as a Federal Reserve chair from 2014-2018.
On December 16, 2015, the Federal Reserve, under Janet Yellen, increased its key interest rate for the first time since 2006.
Following the 2016 presidential election, Janet Yellen gave a strong defense of the Dodd–Frank Act in her Joint Economic Committee testimony, opposing President Donald Trump's plans to review the legislation.
On August 25, 2017, Janet Yellen provided further support for financial regulations enacted in the wake of the Great Recession in a speech to the Jackson Hole Economic Symposium. Yellen warned that any adjustment to the regulatory framework should be modest and preserve the increase in resilience.
In November 2017, President Trump, on the advice of Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin, picked Republican Fed governor Jerome Powell over Janet Yellen as the next chair of the Federal Reserve.
On February 2, 2018, Janet Yellen enforced sanctions on Wells Fargo, the third-largest U.S. bank, with a consent order restricting the firm's expansion due to "widespread consumer abuses and compliance breakdowns".
On February 5, 2018, Janet Yellen became a distinguished fellow in residence with the Economic Studies program at the Brookings Institution, also affiliating with the Hutchins Center on Fiscal and Monetary Policy.
On December 10, 2018, Janet Yellen, in conversation with Paul Krugman at the City University of New York, cautioned about the possibility of another financial crisis, citing "gigantic holes in the system" after her departure from the Federal Reserve.
In 2018, Janet Yellen expressed concern about the United States fiscal path and national debt, stating that she would raise taxes and cut retirement spending if she had a magic wand.
In 2018, Janet Yellen's term as chair of the Federal Reserve concluded.
In 2018, after her departure from the Federal Reserve, Janet Yellen joined the Brookings Institution as a distinguished fellow in residence.
Janet Yellen became the first person in U.S. central bank history to have served as a Federal Reserve chair from 2014-2018.
In January 2019, Janet Yellen was among the original signers of the Economists' Statement on Carbon Dividends, promoting a carbon dividends framework for U.S. climate change policy.
On February 25, 2019, in an interview with Marketplace, Janet Yellen stated she did not believe then-President Trump had "a grasp of macroeconomic policy." She expressed doubts about his understanding of the Federal Reserve's goals and voiced concerns over his regard for the central bank's independence.
On July 17, 2020, Janet Yellen and Ben Bernanke testified before the House Select Oversight Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Crisis, urging lawmakers to act aggressively with fiscal stimulus by extending unemployment payments, providing financial assistance to states and local governments, and investing in the medical response to the pandemic.
In October 2020, the Group of Thirty's Steering Committee Working Group on Climate Change and Finance, co-chaired by Janet Yellen and Mark Carney, prepared a report that developed a strategy to mainstream the transition to a net-zero emissions economy, calling for climate risk assessments and carbon pricing.
On November 30, 2020, President-elect Joe Biden nominated Janet Yellen to serve as Secretary of the Treasury.
In 2020, Janet Yellen returned to public service after her time at the Brookings Institution.
On January 22, 2021, the Senate Finance Committee unanimously approved Janet Yellen's nomination for Treasury Secretary with a 26-0 vote.
On January 25, 2021, Janet Yellen was confirmed by the U.S. Senate as Secretary of the Treasury.
In April 2021, Janet Yellen proposed a global minimum corporate tax rate to prevent profit shifting by multinational companies for tax avoidance, outlining the benefits for the US and global economies in a Wall Street Journal piece.
On June 5, 2021, finance ministers from the Group of Seven (G7) agreed to reinstate a minimum worldwide corporate tax rate of at least 15% as part of a landmark deal to modernize the international tax system.
On July 23, 2021, Janet Yellen sent a letter to congressional leaders, urging them to increase or suspend the nation's debt limit to avoid "irreparable harm" to the U.S. economy and warning of potential government shutdown or debt default.
In September 2021, at a House Financial Services Committee hearing, Janet Yellen supported efforts to completely remove the debt ceiling, arguing that the borrowing cap is very destructive and poses an unnecessary threat to the American economy.
On September 19, 2021, Janet Yellen, in an op-ed for The Wall Street Journal, reiterated her call for an increase in the debt ceiling to prevent a potential financial crisis due to the Treasury exhausting its cash reserves in October.
In October 2021, more than 130 countries, accounting for over 90% of global GDP, enforced a landmark agreement through the OECD to establish a global minimum tax rate of 15% for businesses worldwide.
In November 2021, Janet Yellen and senior Treasury personnel were tasked with crafting a sanctions strategy to maximize the costs to Russia's economy while limiting negative impacts on the United States and its allies, anticipating potential aggression.
In December 2021, President Biden signed a debt ceiling increase into law, averting a U.S. default. This legislation was designated to cover the government's financial commitments beyond the 2022 midterm elections.
In 2021, Janet Yellen became the 78th United States Secretary of the Treasury, marking the first time a woman held the position.
In 2021, Janet Yellen was parodied by Kate McKinnon on NBC's Saturday Night Live (SNL).
On April 7, 2022, Janet Yellen addressed the growing impact of digital assets on the American economy at American University's Kogod School of Business, outlining policy objectives and lessons for navigating emerging technologies.
On April 13, 2022, in a speech at the Atlantic Council, Janet Yellen cautioned against supply chain risks from reliance on commodities from countries aligned with authoritarian regimes and favored a friendshoring strategy, limiting supply chain networks to allies.
On May 10, 2022, during a Senate Banking Committee hearing, Janet Yellen commented on the economic consequences of overturning Roe v. Wade, stating that eliminating women's right to choose would have damaging economic effects and set women back decades, potentially increasing poverty and reliance on public assistance. This statement was in response to Sen. Bob Menendez and was debated by Sen. Tim Scott.
In August 2022, after the passage of the Inflation Reduction Act, Janet Yellen directed the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) to utilize $80 billion in additional funding over a decade to address backlogs, improve taxpayer services, update technology, and hire new employees.
On December 2, 2022, following months of lobbying and negotiations by the United States, the G7 nations, the European Union, and Australia agreed to cap the price of Russian oil at $60 per barrel to deprive the Kremlin of funding for its war in Ukraine and reduce inflation.
In December 2022, Janet Yellen wrote an essay for Project Syndicate that identified key risks to the U.S. economy, including over-concentration of critical goods, geopolitical and security risks from hostile states, and reliance on supply chains that violate human rights.
In January 2023, Janet Yellen informed House Speaker Kevin McCarthy and other congressional leaders that the U.S. expected to hit the debt ceiling on January 19 and that the Treasury would again use "extraordinary measures" to prevent default.
On February 27, 2023, Janet Yellen made a surprise visit to Kyiv, reaffirming U.S. economic support for Ukraine, including the rollout of $1.25 billion in budget relief, which is the first part of a $10 billion package.
On March 12, 2023, amidst the banking crisis and the collapse of Silicon Valley Bank, Janet Yellen appeared on CBS' Face the Nation. She affirmed that financial regulators were closely monitoring the banking system and approved actions to protect all depositors of Silicon Valley Bank and Signature Bank by announcing a systemic risk exception, while initially stating a bailout was off the table.
On April 20, 2023, Janet Yellen delivered a speech at Johns Hopkins University outlining the Biden administration's economic approach toward China, which includes securing American national security interests, seeking fair economic competition, and engaging on global challenges. She also expressed her desire to visit China to revive dialogue on economic matters.
On June 3, 2023, President Biden signed bipartisan congressional legislation that suspended the public debt limit through his first term, resolving the debt-ceiling crisis. This came as a compromise between the White House and House Republicans.
In June 2023, following the passage of the Fiscal Responsibility Act, which reallocated some funding from IRS modernization, Janet Yellen assured that the agency still had sufficient resources to enhance service and ramp up enforcement, while also stating that the Treasury Department would continue to advocate for additional funds.
In an October 2023 interview with Sky News, Janet Yellen stated that it was too early to determine the significant economic consequences of Israel's war on Gaza, and that it depends on whether the hostilities extend beyond Israel and Gaza.
In 2024, Janet Yellen's son, Robert Akerlof, became a full professor of economics at the UNSW Business School in Sydney, after two years as a postdoc at MIT and 14 years at the University of Warwick.
In November 2017, Yellen made her resignation from the Federal Reserve Board at the conclusion of her chairmanship known after Trump's choice, despite still having her assignment as Fed governor until 2024.
In 2025, Janet Yellen joined the board of advisors for Angeleno Group, a private equity and venture capital firm.
In 2025, Janet Yellen's term as the 78th United States Secretary of the Treasury concluded.
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