History of MS-13 in Timeline
MS-13, or Mara Salvatrucha, is an international criminal gang that began in Los Angeles in the 1980s. It was initially formed to protect Salvadoran immigrants. It has evolved into a large-scale criminal enterprise involved in various illegal activities. MS-13 is known for its violence and is considered a terrorist organization by some. The gang is characterized by its rivalry with the 18th Street gang.
1989: Rivalry with the 18th Street Gang
In 1989, a fight over a girl led to an MS-13 gangster being killed. This sparked a cycle of vengeance that has escalated into an intense and generalized animosity between MS-13 and the 18th Street Gang.
1990: Ernesto Deras Takes Leadership of MS-13 Clique
In 1990, Ernesto Deras, a former member of Salvadoran special forces, took leadership of an MS-13 clique and used his military training to discipline the gang and improve its logistical operations, leading to its growth in power.
1990: Salvadoran asylum claims reevaluated
Throughout the 1970s and 1980s, Salvadoran asylum seekers were refused asylum in the U.S. and instead classified as undocumented immigrants. The 1991 case American Baptist Churches v. Thornburgh settlement agreement required Guatemalan and Salvadoran asylum claims to be reevaluated, as long as they had entered the U.S. by 1990.
1991: American Baptist Churches v. Thornburgh
The American Baptist Churches v. Thornburgh case settlement agreement in 1991 required Guatemalan and Salvadoran asylum claims to be reevaluated, as long as they had entered the U.S. by 1990.
1992: Deportation of MS-13 members to El Salvador
In 1992, many MS-13 members were deported to El Salvador after the end of the Salvadoran Civil War, or upon being arrested. This facilitated the spread of the gang to Central America.
1992: Large-scale deportations began
Large-scale deportations of MS-13 gang members from the Los Angeles area began shortly after the close of the Salvadoran Civil War in 1992.
1993: Organization of the National Civil Police of El Salvador (PNC)
In 1993, the National Civil Police of El Salvador (PNC) was finally organized. Parts of the police force were created by integrating the armed forces. The lack of a proper police force meant that deported gangsters faced little opposition when establishing MS-13 in El Salvador.
2002: Establishment of the Ranfla Nacional
In 2002, several high-ranking MS-13 members began establishing the Ranfla Nacional, the gang's "command and control structure", which has directed acts of violence and murders in El Salvador and the United States.
July 13, 2003: Brenda Paz Murdered for Informing the FBI
On July 13, 2003, Brenda Paz, a 17-year-old former MS-13 member turned informant, was found stabbed to death for informing the FBI about Mara Salvatrucha's criminal activities.
December 23, 2004: MS-13 Organized Massacre on Intercity Bus
On December 23, 2004, MS-13 organized a massacre on an intercity bus in Chamelecón, Honduras, killing 28 and wounding 14 civilian passengers to protest against the Honduran government's proposal to restore the death penalty.
2004: FBI Created MS-13 National Gang Task Force
In 2004, the FBI created the MS-13 National Gang Task Force as part of its opposition to MS-13 in the U.S.
2004: Creation of the MS-13 National Gang Task Force
In 2004, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) created the MS-13 National Gang Task Force to facilitate cooperation among local and state law enforcement agencies to dismantle MS-13.
February 2005: FBI set up office in San Salvador
In February 2005, the FBI established its own office in San Salvador to cooperate with law enforcement in El Salvador, Honduras, Guatemala, and Mexico.
2005: Umaña murders Jose Herrera and Gustavo Porras
In 2005, Alejandro Enrique Ramirez Umaña murdered Jose Herrera and Gustavo Porras on July 27, and participated in and aided and abetted the killing of Andy Abarca on September 28, in Los Angeles.
May 13, 2006: Ernesto "Smokey" Miranda Murdered
On May 13, 2006, Ernesto "Smokey" Miranda, a former high-ranking soldier and one of the founders of Mara Salvatrucha, was murdered at his home in El Salvador.
February 2007: Convictions in Bus Massacre Case
In February 2007, Juan Carlos Miranda Bueso and Darwin Alexis Ramírez were found guilty of several crimes, including murder and attempted murder, for their involvement in the bus massacre.
December 8, 2007: Umaña shoots Ruben Garcia Salinas and Manuel Garcia Salinas
On December 8, 2007, Umaña fatally shot Ruben Garcia Salinas in the chest and Manuel Garcia Salinas in the head at Las Jarochitas restaurant in Greensboro, North Carolina. He also injured another person. The shootings occurred after the Garcia Salinas brothers "disrespected" Umaña's gang signs. Umaña fled to Charlotte with MS-13 assistance and was arrested five days later in possession of the murder weapon.
2007: MS-13 was violent to migrants on the southern border of Mexico.
As of 2007, the MS-13 gang was being violent to migrants on the southern border of Mexico.
2007: MS-13 moving away from face tattoos
By 2007, the MS-13 gang was moving away from face tattoos to make it easier to commit crimes without being noticed.
2007: Julio Chavez Allegedly Murdered a Man
In 2007, Julio Chavez, a Long Island, New York, MS-13 member, allegedly murdered a man because he was wearing a red sweatshirt and mistaken for a member of the Bloods gang.
January 2008: Vietnam Veterans Memorial Vandalized
In January 2008, the Vietnam Veterans Memorial in New Haven, Connecticut, was vandalized several times with the "MS-13 tag" and "kill whites" in orange spray paint.
June 4, 2008: Police Executed Search Warrants and Made Arrests in Toronto
On June 4, 2008, in Toronto, Ontario, police executed search warrants, made 21 arrests, and laid dozens of charges following a five-month investigation.
June 22, 2008: Edwin Ramos Killed Anthony Bologna and His Two Sons
On June 22, 2008, in San Francisco, California, a 21-year-old MS-13 gang member, Edwin Ramos, shot and killed Anthony Bologna, 48, and his two sons Michael, 20, and Matthew, 16.
June 23, 2008: Umaña indicted by a federal grand jury
On June 23, 2008, Umaña was indicted by a federal grand jury. He attempted to bring a knife into the courtroom but was discovered by U.S. Marshals.
2008: Central American gang members seek refugee status in Canada
In 2008, Robert Morales, a prosecutor for Guatemala, indicated to The Globe and Mail that some Central American gang members were seeking refugee status in Canada. There were reports of gang members working in call centers and spending time in Ontario.
2008: MS-13 Activity in the United States
In 2008, a report indicated that in New York, MS-13 is based primarily in the Woodhaven, Jamaica, Flushing and Rockaway areas of Queens, as well as on Long Island. The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) reported in 2008 that the highest threat from Mara Salvatrucha was in the Western and Northeastern U.S., coinciding with elevated Salvadoran immigrant populations in those areas. MS-13 activity in the Southeast was increasing at the time due to an influx of gang members.
2008: MS-13 Task Force Coordinated Arrests and Crackdowns
In 2008, the MS-13 Task Force coordinated a series of arrests and crackdowns in the U.S. and Central America, involving more than 6,000 police officers in five countries, leading to over 650 arrests.
February 2009: Authorities Arrest 20 MS-13 Members, Seize Drugs and Firearms
In February 2009, authorities in Colorado and California arrested 20 members of MS-13. They also seized 10 pounds of methamphetamine, 2.3 kilograms of cocaine, a small amount of heroin, 12 firearms, and $3,300 in cash.
June 2009: MS-13 Gang Members Mistake Civilians for Rivals, Resulting in Death
In June 2009, Edwin Ortiz, Jose Gomez Amaya, and Alexander Aguilar, who were MS-13 gang members from Long Island, mistakenly identified bystanders as rival gang members and shot two innocent civilians. Edgar Villalobos, a laborer, was killed in the incident.
November 4, 2009: MS-13 Leaders Allegedly Put Out Contract on Federal Agent
On November 4, 2009, it was reported that El Salvadoran leaders of the MS-13 gang allegedly put out a contract on the federal agent responsible for a crackdown on its New York factions. The plot was revealed in an arrest warrant for Walter "Duke" Torres, who informed authorities about the plan.
2009: National Gang Threat Assessment estimates of MS-13 membership
According to the 2009 National Gang Threat Assessment, Mara Salvatrucha "is estimated to have 30,000 to 50,000 members and associate members worldwide, 8,000 to 10,000 of whom reside in the United States."
January 2010: Convictions of MS-13 members in Charlotte, North Carolina
In January 2010, investigations into MS-13 in Charlotte, North Carolina, led to the conviction of 26 MS-13 members, including seven trial convictions, 18 guilty pleas, and 11 multi-year prison sentences.
April 19, 2010: Umaña convicted of multiple charges of murder
On April 19, 2010, the jury convicted Umaña of multiple charges of murder, and additionally found him responsible for the 2005 murders during the sentencing phase.
July 27, 2010: Umaña formally sentenced to the federal death penalty
On July 27, 2010, Chief U.S. District Judge Robert J. Conrad, Jr. formally imposed the federal death penalty sentence on Umaña. The case was automatically appealed.
2010: Rene Mejia Allegedly Murders 2-Year-Old Baby on Long Island
In 2010, Rene Mejia allegedly murdered a 2-year-old baby on Long Island. MS-13 members decided to murder the baby's mother for disrespecting the gang. The baby was executed after her mother was killed.
August 2011: Six San Francisco MS-13 Members Convicted of Racketeering and Conspiracy
In August 2011, six San Francisco MS-13 members were convicted of racketeering and conspiracy, including three murders, in what was the city's largest-scope gang trial in many years. Another 18 defendants reported to have ties to the gang pleaded guilty before trial. The men murdered had been mistaken for rival gang members or sellers of fake documents who refused to pay taxes.
2011: Operation Community Shield Made Over 20,000 Arrests
By 2011, Operation Community Shield had made over 20,000 arrests, including more than 3,000 arrests of alleged MS-13 members.
2011: Alonso "Casper" Bruno Cornejo Ormeno Sentenced for Child Prostitution
In 2011, Alonso "Casper" Bruno Cornejo Ormeno, an associate of MS-13 from Fairfax, Virginia, was sentenced to 24 years in prison for child prostitution. Ormeno recruited juvenile females into a prostitution ring by locating runaway children.
2011: Walter Yovany Gomez Murders Julio Matute
In 2011, New Jersey MS-13 faction member Walter Yovany Gomez committed the brutal murder of his friend, Julio Matute, for associating with another gang. Gomez and another MS-13 member beat Matute with a baseball bat, sliced his throat with a knife, and stabbed him in the back with a screwdriver 17 times.
February 2012: Conviction of Rances Ulices Amaya for trafficking girls
In February 2012, Rances Ulices Amaya, a leader of MS-13, was convicted for trafficking girls as young as 14 into a prostitution ring in Springfield, Virginia.
February 2012: MS-13 Gang Members Convicted of Murder in San Francisco
In February 2012, a federal judge convicted three MS-13 gang members of murder. The victim, Moises Frias Jr., was killed after MS-13 members mistook him for a member of the rival Norteños gang because of their red clothing.
June 2012: Rances Ulices Amaya sentenced to 50 years for child prostitution
In June 2012, Rances Ulices Amaya was sentenced to 50 years in prison for child prostitution, after being convicted of trafficking girls into a prostitution ring. The girls were lured from middle schools, high schools, and public shelters, and forced to have sex with as many as ten men per day.
September 2012: Yimmy Anthony Pineda Penado convicted of child prostitution
In September 2012, Yimmy Anthony Pineda Penado, a former "clique leader" of MS-13, was convicted of child prostitution in Maryland, becoming the eleventh member of the gang to be convicted of such charges since 2011.
October 2012: U.S. Treasury Department Froze American-Owned Assets
In October 2012, the U.S. Treasury Department announced a freeze on American-owned assets controlled by MS-13 and listed it as a transnational criminal organization.
2012: Center for Immigration Studies Report Lists MS-13 Criminal Acts
In 2012, The Washington, D.C., think tank Center for Immigration Studies released a report that listed 506 cases of MS-13 criminal acts in the United States between 2012 and 2018.
2012: National Police Corps begins investigation into MS-13 in Spain
In late 2012, the National Police Corps began an investigation, known as Operation Cruasan (Croissant), into MS-13 in Spain after a young man was stabbed in a fight involving rival gangs.
2013: Alleged order to murder a rival gang member
In late 2013, Esteban Arnulfo Naviti Mejía and Pablo Antonio Naviti Mejía, leaders of the "Big Crazy" clique, allegedly ordered the murder of a rival gang member.
April 2014: Umaña's death penalty sentence upheld
In April 2014, Umaña's federal death penalty sentence was upheld after the automatic appeal.
2014: Sánchez Cerén Took the Presidency
In 2014, Salvador Sánchez Cerén took the Presidency and the gang truce was understood to be over, leading to a rise in extrajudicial killings by police forces.
2014: Alleged order to murder a witness
In early 2014, Esteban Arnulfo Naviti Mejía and Pablo Antonio Naviti Mejía, leaders of the "Big Crazy" clique, allegedly ordered the murder of a witness in a case that implicated MS-13.
2014: Crackdown on MS-13 in Spain
Prior to a 2014 crackdown on the gang by the Spanish National Police Corps, MS-13 operated five cliques in Spain, located in Madrid, Girona, Barcelona, and Ibi. Mara Salvatrucha's operations in Spain were provided with financial and logistical support by the gang's El Salvador-based leadership as part of MS-13's expansionist agenda known as Programa 34 ("Program 34").
June 30, 2015: Jonathan Cardona-Hernandez Murdered in Central Islip, New York
On June 30, 2015, Jonathan Cardona-Hernandez was discovered shot dead on a street in Central Islip, New York. MS-13 member William Castellano was accused of murdering him.
2015: El Salvador Had Highest Homicide Rate
In 2015, El Salvador had the highest national homicide rate per capita in the world, largely due to escalating violence between MS-13 and the 18th Street Gang.
2015: U.S. Treasury Department Imposed Further Sanctions
In 2015, the U.S. Treasury Department imposed further sanctions, allowing the government to seize all assets controlled by leaders José Luís Mendoza Figueroa, Eduardo Erazo Nolasco, and Élmer Canales Rivera.
January 2016: MS-13 Responsible for Murders in Long Island
In January 2016, The NYPD said that MS-13 were responsible for 17 murders between January 2016 and April 2016 in Long Island.
January 2016: Over 400 Boston Police Officers Arrested 37 MS-13 Members
In January 2016, over 400 Boston police officers were involved in the arrests of 37 MS-13 members; 56 were charged altogether. Weapons and funds were also seized. The charges included immigration violations, racketeering, and firearm and drug trafficking.
April 2016: MS-13 Responsible for Murders in Long Island
In April 2016, The NYPD said that MS-13 were responsible for 17 murders between January 2016 and April 2016 in Long Island.
October 2016: Jordy Mejia Kidnapped and Murdered in Maryland
In October 2016, Jordy Mejia was kidnapped and murdered in Maryland.
2016: Armando Eliu Melgar Diaz Moves Back to Honduras
In 2016, Armando Eliu Melgar Diaz moved from the United States back to his home country of Honduras.
2016: Elmer Martinez Murders Edvin Mendez and Sergio Trimino
In 2016, Elmer Martinez lured Edvin Mendez and Sergio Trimino to a park in Alexandria, Virginia, where they were killed and buried.
2016: Femicide rate in El Salvador
In 2016, one in 5,000 Salvadoran women were killed. El Salvador hosted the third-highest femicide rate in the world. Legal impunity is a key factor. In femicide cases, only 5% result in convictions.
March 27, 2017: Raymond Wood Found Dead in Virginia; MS-13 Members Charged
On March 27, 2017, Raymond Wood was discovered dead in Bedford, Virginia. Six individuals have been charged with his robbery, abduction, and murder, and are also charged with being members of MS-13.
April 11, 2017: Josue Portillo Participates in Murder of Four Men
On April 11, 2017, Josue Portillo, along with other MS-13 members, lured four young men into the woods behind a soccer field in Central Islip and killed them using machetes, knives, and wooden clubs.
April 2017: Walter Yovany Gomez Added to FBI Most Wanted List
In April 2017, Walter Yovany Gomez, a New Jersey MS-13 faction member, was added to the FBI most wanted list.
July 27, 2017: Salvadoran Authorities Arrested Suspected MS-13 Gang Members
On July 27, 2017, 113 suspected MS-13 gang members were arrested by Salvadoran authorities.
August 2017: Kevin Granados-Coreas and Carlos Portillo Charged with Murder of Julio Cesar Gonzales-Espantzay
In August 2017, Kevin Granados-Coreas and Carlos Portillo were charged with the January murder of 19-year-old civilian Julio Cesar Gonzales-Espantzay, who was lured with promises of cannabis and sex to a forest in Long Island, where he was attacked with machetes and stabbed with knives.
September 2017: First Phase of Operation Raging Bull Results in 53 Arrests in El Salvador
In September 2017, the first phase of Operation Raging Bull resulted in 53 arrests in El Salvador.
November 11, 2017: Second Phase of Operation Raging Bull Results in 214 Arrests in the U.S.
Between October 8 and November 11, 2017, the second phase of Operation Raging Bull resulted in 214 arrests in the U.S. Charges included drug trafficking, child prostitution, human smuggling, racketing, and conspiracy to commit murder.
November 16, 2017: DHS and DOJ Announced Arrest of 267 Alleged MS-13 Gang Members
On November 16, 2017, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS), U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ), and Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) officials announced that they arrested a total of 267 alleged MS-13 gang members and associates in Operation Raging Bull.
2017: César Alfredo Romero Chávez Convicted of Aggravated Homicide
Between 2017 and 2018, César Alfredo Romero Chávez committed twenty-four counts of aggravated homicide.
2017: MS-13 Members Arrested for Kidnapping, Rape, and Torture in Houston
In 2017, two MS-13 members, Miguel Alvarez-Flores and Diego Hernandez-Rivera, were arrested for kidnapping, raping, torturing, and drugging a 14-year-old girl for over two weeks in Houston, Texas. The members also held two other victims hostage in the same apartment.
2017: District Attorney Madeline Singas discusses crimes committed by MS-13
In late 2017, Nassau County, New York District Attorney Madeline Singas spoke in an interview with Bill Ritter, referring to crimes committed by MS-13 gang members, stating that the crimes are brutal and ruthless.
February 20, 2018: Trial of 35 accused MS-13 members commences in Alicante
On February 20, 2018, the trial of 35 accused MS-13 members commenced in Alicante, Spain. The gang members were charged with various offenses, including money laundering, attempt and conspiracy to murder, drug trafficking and illegal firearms possession.
April 19, 2018: MS-13 East Coast Kingpin Miguel Angel Corea Diaz Arraigned on Murder Conspiracy Charges
On April 19, 2018, Miguel Angel Corea Diaz, the East Coast kingpin of MS-13, was arraigned in Nassau County Court in Mineola, New York, on charges including conspiracy to commit murder. He faced a potential life sentence if convicted.
April 23, 2018: Miguel Angel Corea Diaz Extradited from Maryland to New York
On April 23, 2018, Miguel Angel Corea Diaz was extradited from Prince George's County, Maryland, where he had been held since October, to Nassau County, New York. The gang reportedly issued a call to "take out a cop" in retaliation for Diaz's arrest.
May 2018: Canadian authorities warned of gang members fleeing to Canada
In May 2018, Canadian federal authorities warned Canadian police services of gangs members attempting to flee the United States into Canada.
August 20, 2018: Josue Portillo Pleads Guilty to Racketeering Charges in Connection with Four Murders
On August 20, 2018, Josue Portillo, a 17-year-old member of MS-13 from Long Island, pleaded guilty to racketeering charges for the murder of four young Latino men assumed to be in a rival gang.
2018: César Alfredo Romero Chávez Convicted of Aggravated Homicide
Between 2017 and 2018, César Alfredo Romero Chávez committed twenty-four counts of aggravated homicide.
2018: Trump's State of the Union Address Included Evelyn Rodriguez
In 2018, Donald Trump's State of the Union Address included Evelyn Rodriguez, the mother of a child who was slain by MS-13 members.
2018: Jose Villanueva Murdered by MS-13, Karla Jackelin Morales Escapes
In 2018, Jose Villanueva was lured to his death by several MS-13 members. Karla Jackelin Morales, an MS-13 member, escaped by removing her ankle bracelet. A $5,000 reward was offered for information leading to her capture.
2018: MS-13 US membership
In 2018, MS-13's US membership of up to 10,000 accounted for less than 1% of the 1.4 million gang members in the United States, and a similar share of gang murders.
2018: MS-13 Member Faces Deportation Order in Canada
In 2018, René Pacheco, an MS-13 member, boasted in Canada of being a member and faced a deportation order.
2018: Center for Immigration Studies Report Lists MS-13 Criminal Acts
In 2018, The Washington, D.C., think tank Center for Immigration Studies released a report that listed 506 cases of MS-13 criminal acts in the United States between 2012 and 2018.
2018: Estimated 10,000 MS-13 Gang Members in the United States
In 2018, there were an estimated 10,000 MS-13 gang members in the United States, showing stable membership numbers for more than a decade. The gang accounts for less than 1 percent of total gang members in the United States.
2018: MS-13 Operations Uncovered in Various Locations
In early 2018, the district attorney for Nassau County, New York, stated that an investigation had "uncovered a structured network of MS-13 operations in New Jersey, Maryland, Virginia, Texas, from within a Mississippi prison cell, and in countries around the globe including Mexico, Colombia, Korea, France, Australia, Peru, Egypt, Ecuador and Cuba."
January 9, 2019: High School Students Arrested for Stabbing Another Teen in Central Islip
On January 9, 2019, three high school students who came to the United States illegally were arrested and charged with the stabbing of another teen after school in Central Islip, New York. They were also charged with being members of MS-13.
January 24, 2019: William Castellano Sentenced for Murder of Jonathan Cardona-Hernandez
On January 24, 2019, William Castellano was sentenced in the Eastern District of New York federal court to 27 years in prison for the 2015 murder of Jonathan Cardona-Hernandez.
February 1, 2019: MS-13 Members Plead Guilty to Using Fake Facebook Account to Lure Victim
On February 1, 2019, Reynaldo "Fuego" Granados-Vasquez, Neris Moreno-Martinez, and Jose "Liar" Melendez-Rivera pleaded guilty to using a fake Facebook account to lure Jordy Mejia from New Jersey, which led to his murder. The three MS-13 members were in the United States illegally.
February 2, 2019: MS-13 Member Fatally Shoots Rival Gang Member on NYC Subway
On February 2, 2019, an MS-13 member fatally shot a member of the rival 18th Street Gang on the New York City Subway's 90th Street–Elmhurst Avenue station in Queens. Graffiti with the gang's name was found outside the district office of a city council member.
December 20, 2019: Mass Arrests of MS-13 Leaders and Members Announced in Suffolk County
On December 20, 2019, Suffolk County District Attorney Timothy D. Sini announced the arrests of nine leaders and 45 members of MS-13, plus 19 drug dealers, after a 23-month investigation. Additional arrests were made elsewhere in New York State and in El Salvador.
January 6, 2020: DOJ Seeks Death Penalty Against MS-13 Leader Elmer Martinez
In a January 6, 2020, court filing, the United States Department of Justice sought the death penalty against Elmer Martinez, an MS-13 gang leader in Virginia, for the 2016 murders of Edvin Mendez and Sergio Trimino.
July 15, 2020: DOJ files terrorism charges against Armando Eliu Melgar Diaz
On July 15, 2020, Attorney General William Barr announced that the Department of Justice had filed terrorism charges against Armando Eliu Melgar Diaz, a Honduran native. Barr also announced the arrests of 21 other suspected MS-13 gang members in New York and Nevada.
January 2021: Terrorism Charges Announced Against MS-13 Leaders
In January 2021, Acting United States Attorney General Jeffrey Rosen announced terrorism charges against fourteen MS-13 leaders known as "Ranfla Nacional" and imprisoned in El Salvador.
November 3, 2021: Yulan Adonay Archaga Carias Added to FBI's Top Ten Most Wanted Fugitives List
On November 3, 2021, the Federal Bureau of Investigation added Yulan Adonay Archaga Carias to the FBI's list of Top Ten Most Wanted Fugitives, offering a $100,000 reward for information leading to his capture. Archaga Carias is the alleged leader of MS-13 for all of Honduras.
2021: Attacks on transgender women in MacArthur Park
In 2021, two transgender women in MacArthur Park, Los Angeles, were assaulted and stabbed at night. MS-13 members had been extracting a weekly "tax" from the women for permission to be in the park and be left alone.
June 2022: César Alfredo Romero Chávez Sentenced to 1,090 Years Imprisonment
In June 2022, César Alfredo Romero Chávez, one of the gang's leaders, was sentenced to 1,090 years imprisonment in El Salvador after being convicted of twenty-four counts of aggravated homicide between 2017 and 2018.
February 8, 2023: US Federal Government Ramped Up Pressure on Archaga Carias
On February 8, 2023, the United States federal government ramped up pressure on Archaga Carias by offering a five million dollar reward through its Narcotics Rewards Program and sanctioning him through placement on the Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons List.
2023: MS-13 Members Wanted by FBI and DHS
As of 2023, there were MS-13 members and associates besides Carias who are wanted by both the FBI and DHS. Each government agency is offering ten thousand dollars for information leading to their arrest and conviction.
2023: Karla Jackelin Morales Captured, Agrees to Deal
In 2023, Karla Jackelin Morales was captured and agreed to a 30-year deal.
December 23, 2024: President Biden commutes Umaña's death sentence
On December 23, 2024, President Joe Biden commuted the death sentence of Umaña and 36 other federal death row prisoners to life sentences without the possibility of parole.
January 20, 2025: President Trump initiates process to designate MS-13 as a Foreign Terrorist Organization
On January 20, 2025, President Donald Trump signed an executive order initiating the process to designate various drug cartels and transnational gangs, including MS-13, as Foreign Terrorist Organizations (FTOs).
February 20, 2025: MS-13 Officially Designated as a Foreign Terrorist Organization
On February 20, 2025, the designation of MS-13 as a Foreign Terrorist Organization (FTO) was officially enacted, making such groups officially terrorist organizations.
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