History of Stockholm in Timeline
Stockholm is the capital and largest city in Sweden and the Nordic region. With a population of roughly 1 million in the municipality, 1.6 million in the urban area, and 2.5 million in the metropolitan area, it's a significant urban center. The city is uniquely situated across fourteen islands where Lake Mälaren meets the Baltic Sea, featuring the Stockholm archipelago to its east. Settled since the Stone Age (6th millennium BC), Stockholm was officially founded in 1252 by Birger Jarl and functions as the county seat of Stockholm County.
1900: Average of 1900 hours of sunshine per year
Stockholm averages 1900 hours of sunshine per year, making it one of the sunniest cities in Northern Europe in 1900.
1901: Death of Artur Hazelius
In 1901, Artur Hazelius, the founder of Skansen, passed away.
1909: Foundation of the Stockholm School of Economics
The Stockholm School of Economics was founded in 1909, becoming one of the most prestigious business schools in the world.
1911: Erection of the Stockholm City Hall
The Stockholm City Hall was erected from 1911 to 1923 by architect Ragnar Östberg.
1912: Host of the 1912 Summer Olympics
In 1912, Stockholm hosted the Summer Olympics, marking a significant international sports event for the city.
1912: Summer Olympics hosted
In 1912, Stockholm hosted the Summer Olympics. The Stockholms Olympiastadion stems from those days.
1913: Incorporation of Brännkyrka Municipality
In 1913, Brännkyrka Municipality, with 25,000 inhabitants, was incorporated into Stockholm.
1919: Appointment of Skönhetsrådet
In 1919, the municipality appointed an official "board of beauty" called "Skönhetsrådet" to protect and preserve the beauty of the city.
1923: Erection of the Stockholm City Hall
The Stockholm City Hall was erected from 1911 to 1923 by architect Ragnar Östberg.
1926: Thiel Gallery founded
In 1926, the Thiel Gallery was founded by financier and collector Ernest Thiel.
1949: Incorporation of Spånga into Stockholm
In 1949, Spånga was incorporated into Stockholm.
1950: Stockholm metro opens
In 1950, the Stockholm metro opened and became known for its decorated stations, often referred to as the longest art gallery in the world.
1953: Demolition of the Old Stockholm telephone tower
From 1887 to 1953, the Old Stockholm telephone tower served as a landmark, but in 1953 it was demolished after becoming redundant due to buried phone lines and later use for advertising.
1956: Summer Olympics Equestrian Games hosted
Stockholm hosted the 1956 Summer Olympics Equestrian Games.
1960: Stockholm University granted university status
Stockholm University was granted university status in 1960.
1961: Ongoing measurements
According to ongoing measurements from 1961 to 1990, the temperature has increased during the years 1991–2020 as compared with the last series.
1968: Foundation of the University College of Opera
The University College of Opera was founded in 1968, though it has older roots.
1969: Stockholm Open started
In 1969, Stockholm started hosting the Stockholm Open, an ATP World Tour 250 series professional tennis tournament.
1971: Establishment of the municipal border
The municipal border of Stockholm was established in 1971.
1975: Eurovision Song Contest hosted at Stockholmsmässan
In 1975, Stockholm hosted the Eurovision Song Contest at Stockholmsmässan.
1978: 1713–1978 archive maintained by Stockholm City Archives
Today the Stockholm City Building committee is in charge of the building permit process and their 1713–1978 archive is maintained by Stockholm City Archives.
1982: Purchase of Hansta by Stockholm Municipality
In 1982, Stockholm Municipality purchased Hansta from Sollentuna Municipality, which later became a nature reserve.
January 1987: Temperature below -25.1 °C
Since January 10, 1987, the temperature has not dropped to below −25.1 °C (−13.2 °F) in Stockholm.
1990: Ongoing measurements
According to ongoing measurements from 1961 to 1990, the temperature has increased during the years 1991–2020 as compared with the last series.
1991: Weather data from the years 1991–2020
The climate table presents weather data from the years 1991–2020.
1992: Days above 30 °C occur on average 1.55 days per year (1992–2011)
From 1992 to 2011, days above 30°C occurred on average 1.55 days per year in Stockholm.
1995: Royal National City Park founded
Founded in 1995, the Royal National City Park is the world's first legally protected "national urban park".
1995: Stockholm Open moved to Kungliga tennishallen
Since 1995, the Stockholm Open tournament has been hosted at the Kungliga tennishallen.
1995: Foundation of Södertörn University
Södertörn University was founded in 1995 as a multi-disciplinary institution for southern Metropolitan Stockholm.
1998: Stockholm named European Capital of Culture
In 1998, Stockholm was named European Capital of Culture.
2000: Eurovision Song Contest hosted at Globe Arena
In 2000, Stockholm hosted the Eurovision Song Contest at Globe Arena.
2000: Train connections to Oslo, Copenhagen and Hamburg
Stockholm Central Station has train connections to Oslo, Norway, Copenhagen, Denmark and Hamburg, Germany in the year 2000.
2002: Measurements found further increases
For the 2002–2014 measurements some further increases have been found, although some months such as June have been relatively flat.
2004: Second runner up in Summer Olympics bids
In 2004, Stockholm was the second runner up in the Summer Olympics bids.
2006: Congestion tax trial period
In the first half of 2006, Stockholm had a seven-month trial period of the Stockholm congestion tax.
2006: Schantz publishes a description of the Royal National Urban Park formation
Schantz published a description of the formation process, value assets and implementation of the legal protection of The Royal National Urban Park in 2006.
January 2007: City Line cost estimated
In January 2007, the estimated cost of the City Line project was SEK 16.8 billion (2.44 billion US dollars).
April 2007: Zone and price system introduced for SL tickets
On April 1, 2007, a zone system (A, B, C) and price system was introduced for SL tickets.
August 2007: Congestion pricing system in use on permanent basis
Since August 1, 2007, Stockholm's congestion pricing system has been in permanent use.
2008: Student count at Stockholm University
As of 2008, Stockholm University had 52,000 students.
2009: Minecraft created in Stockholm
In 2009, the video game Minecraft was created in Stockholm by Markus 'Notch' Persson.
2010: Stockholm is the best city in terms of freedom from pollution
According to the European Cities Monitor 2010, Stockholm is the best city in terms of freedom from pollution.
2010: No airports for general aviation
As of 2010, there are no airports specifically for general aviation in the Stockholm area.
2010: Professional Study Visits program launched
At the beginning of 2010, Stockholm launched the Professional Study Visits program.
2010: European Green Capital Award granted
In 2010, Stockholm was granted the European Green Capital Award by the EU Commission.
2011: Days above 30 °C occur on average 1.55 days per year (1992–2011)
From 1992 to 2011, days above 30°C occurred on average 1.55 days per year in Stockholm.
2011: Stockholm passed the title of European Green Capital to Hamburg
In 2011, Stockholm passed the title of European Green Capital to Hamburg, Germany.
2013: Museum closed for restoration
From 2013 to 2018, the Nationalmuseum was closed for restoration of the building.
2014: Measurements found further increases
For the 2002–2014 measurements some further increases have been found, although some months such as June have been relatively flat.
2014: Stockholm withdrew its bid in Winter Olympics
Stockholm withdrew its bid in 2014 for the 2022 Winter Olympics due to financial matters.
2015: Stockholm urban area population
In 2015, the Stockholm urban area had a total population of 1,630,738.
2015: Stockholms Kungar Rugby league club formed
In 2015, the Stockholms Kungar Rugby league club was formed as Stockholm's first Rugby league team.
2015: Northern section of ring road opened
In 2015, the northern section of the ring road, Norra Länken, opened for traffic.
2016: Eurovision Song Contest hosted at Globe Arena
In 2016, Stockholm hosted the Eurovision Song Contest at Globe Arena.
2016: Number of pubs, cafes, and restaurants in Stockholm
In 2016, there were 3,315 pubs, cafes, and restaurants in the municipality of Stockholm.
2016: End of the band Kent
The band Kent ended in 2016, after being popular in Sweden into the twenty-first century.
January 2017: Zone system removed and ticket costs increased
On January 9, 2017, the zone system was removed, and the cost of the tickets was increased.
July 2017: City Line operations began
In July 2017, operations began for the City Line.
2017: UEFA Europa League Final played at Strawberry Arena
On May 24, 2017, the UEFA Europa League Final was played between AFC Ajax and Manchester United at Strawberry Arena. Manchester United won the trophy.
July 2018: Warmest month ever recorded
July 2018 was recorded as the warmest month ever in Stockholm, with a mean temperature of 22.5 °C (72.5 °F), which is also the nationwide record.
2018: Cost of a 30-day card
As of 2018, a 30-day SL travel card costs SEK 860.
2018: Museum reopened after restoration
From 2013 to 2018, the Nationalmuseum was closed for restoration of the building.
2018: Nordea moved its headquarters to Helsinki
In 2018, Nordea moved its headquarters from Stockholm to Helsinki due to legal reasons involving the European Union.
2020: Population increase in Stockholm
In 2020, Stockholm's population increased by 1,477, leading to proposals for high-rise buildings to accommodate the growth.
2020: Weather data from the years 1991–2020
The climate table presents weather data from the years 1991–2020.
December 2021: Foreign-born population in Stockholm
As of December 2021, there were 252,750 foreign-born people in Stockholm, making up 25.8% of the population.
2021: Nitrogen oxides below limits after replacing diesel vehicles with electric cars
In 2021 nitrogen oxides were below limits, after electric cars had started to replace diesel-driven ones, and pollution regulations for lorries had tightened. Also in 2021, the pollutant that exceeds limits is ozone, due to global pollution.
2021: Sweden pulled out from hosting Special Olympic World Winter Games
In 2021, Sweden pulled out of hosting the Special Olympic World Winter Games due to lack of funding.
2022: Stockholm's Population
In 2022 the population of Stockholm was 984,748, consisting of 482,982 men and 492,569 women.
2022: Stockholm first bid for the Winter Olympics
Stockholm first bid for the Winter Olympics for 2022 Winter Olympics
2030: Projected population
The population of Stockholm is projected to reach 1,079,213 by 2030.
2050: Target for Stockholm to be CO2 free
Regarding CO2 emissions, the government's target is that Stockholm will be CO2 free before 2050.
2050: Fossil fuel free target
Stockholm made a decision towards being fossil fuel free by 2050.
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