Discover the career path of Barack Obama, from the first major opportunity to industry-changing achievements.
Barack Obama, the 44th U.S. President (2009-2017), was the first African-American to hold the office. A Democrat, he previously served as a U.S. Senator for Illinois (2005-2008) and an Illinois State Senator (1997-2004). His presidency was marked by the Affordable Care Act, the end of the Iraq War, and the killing of Osama bin Laden. He won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2009.
In December 2016, Obama permanently banned new offshore oil and gas drilling in most United States-owned waters in the Atlantic and Arctic Oceans using the 1953 Outer Continental Shelf Act.
In 1965, Medicare and Medicaid were passed, setting the stage for significant healthcare reforms.
In February 1981, Obama made his first public speech, calling for Occidental to participate in the disinvestment from South Africa in response to that nation's policy of apartheid.
In June 1985, Barack Obama was hired as director of the Developing Communities Project, a faith-based community organization in Chicago.
In 1985, the Woods Fund of Chicago was the first foundation to fund the Developing Communities Project.
In June 1989, Barack Obama met Michelle Robinson while working at Sidley Austin, where she was assigned as his advisor.
In 1991, Barack Obama accepted a two-year position as Visiting Law and Government Fellow at the University of Chicago Law School.
From April to October 1992, Barack Obama directed Illinois's Project Vote, a voter registration campaign.
In 1994, Obama served on the boards of directors of the Woods Fund of Chicago.
From 1995 to 2002, Obama served on the board of directors of the Chicago Annenberg Challenge, and from 1995 to 1999 as chairman.
In 1996, Barack Obama was elected to the Illinois Senate, succeeding Alice Palmer from Illinois's 13th District.
In 1998, Barack Obama was re-elected to the Illinois Senate, defeating Republican Yesse Yehudah.
From 1995 to 1999, Obama served as chairman of the board of directors of the Chicago Annenberg Challenge.
In 2000, Barack Obama lost a Democratic primary race for Illinois's 1st congressional district to Bobby Rush.
In 2001, as co-chairman of the Joint Committee on Administrative Rules, Barack Obama supported Governor George Ryan's payday loan regulations.
In December 2010, Obama signed a compromise deal that included a temporary, two-year extension of the 2001 income tax rates.
In May 2002, Barack Obama commissioned a poll to assess his prospects in a 2004 U.S. Senate race.
In August 2002, Barack Obama began lining up political media consultant David Axelrod for his Senate campaign.
In 2002, Barack Obama was re-elected to the Illinois Senate for another term.
In 2002, Obama served on the boards of directors of the Joyce Foundation until 2002.
In January 2003, Barack Obama became chairman of the Illinois Senate's Health and Human Services Committee.
In January 2003, Barack Obama formally announced his candidacy for the U.S. Senate.
In March 2003, Barack Obama addressed another anti-war rally, stating "it's not too late" to stop the war.
In December 2010, Obama signed a compromise deal that included a temporary, two-year extension of the 2003 income tax rates.
In March 2004, Barack Obama won the Illinois Democratic primary election in an unexpected landslide.
In June 2004, Jack Ryan, Barack Obama's expected opponent in the general election, withdrew from the race.
In July 2004, Barack Obama delivered the keynote address at the 2004 Democratic National Convention, which elevated his status in the Democratic Party.
In November 2004, Barack Obama resigned from the Illinois Senate after being elected to the U.S. Senate.
In November 2004, Barack Obama won the general election for the U.S. Senate with 70 percent of the vote.
In 2004, Barack Obama was running for U.S. Senate.
On January 3, 2005, Barack Obama was sworn in as a U.S. Senator, becoming the only Senate member of the Congressional Black Caucus.
In December 2006, President Bush signed into law the Democratic Republic of the Congo Relief, Security, and Democracy Promotion Act, marking the first federal legislation to be enacted with Obama as its primary sponsor.
Through December 2006, Barack Obama held assignments on the Senate Committees for Foreign Relations, Environment and Public Works, and Veterans' Affairs.
In 2006, Barack Obama introduced the Federal Funding Accountability and Transparency Act, which authorized the establishment of USAspending.gov.
In January 2007, Barack Obama and Senator Feingold introduced a corporate jet provision to the Honest Leadership and Open Government Act.
In January 2007, Barack Obama left the Environment and Public Works committee and took additional assignments with Health, Education, Labor and Pensions and Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs.
On February 10, 2007, Barack Obama announced his candidacy for President of the United States in Springfield, Illinois.
In September 2007, the Honest Leadership and Open Government Act, including a corporate jet provision introduced by Barack Obama, was signed into law.
In October 2007, Obama addressed his youthful image in a campaign speech, emphasizing the importance of passing the torch to a new generation.
In 2007, Barack Obama's law license became inactive.
In 2007, Obama sponsored an amendment to the Defense Authorization Act to add safeguards for personality-disorder military discharges.
On June 2, 2008, Barack Obama secured enough votes to clinch the Democratic presidential nomination after a close primary race.
On June 3, 2008, Senator Obama introduced follow-up legislation: Strengthening Transparency and Accountability in Federal Spending Act of 2008.
On June 19, 2008, Barack Obama became the first major-party presidential candidate since 1976 to turn down public financing for the general election.
On August 23, 2008, Barack Obama announced his selection of Delaware Senator Joe Biden as his vice presidential running mate for the upcoming election.
In October 2008, Barack Obama and John McCain participated in three presidential debates leading up to the election.
On November 16, 2008, Barack Obama resigned his Senate seat to focus on his transition to the presidency.
In 2008, Barack Obama was nominated by the Democratic Party for president after a primary campaign against Hillary Clinton, and selected Joe Biden as his running mate.
In the spring of 2008, Barack Obama's amendment to the Defense Authorization Act passed the full Senate.
Obama's 2008 campaign being particularly highlighted as one of the most effective campaigns in American history.
On January 20, 2009, Barack Obama was inaugurated as the 44th President of the United States.
In February 2009, President Obama announced an increase in U.S. troop levels in Afghanistan by 17,000 military personnel, aiming to stabilize the deteriorating situation in the region.
On February 17, 2009, President Obama signed the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, a $787 billion economic stimulus package to help the economy recover from the global recession.
On February 27, 2009, President Obama announced that combat operations in Iraq would end within 18 months, marking a significant shift in U.S. foreign policy.
On March 11, 2009, President Obama established the White House Council on Women and Girls to advise him on issues relating to the welfare of American women and girls.
In March 2009, Obama intervened in the troubled automotive industry, renewing loans for General Motors (GM) and Chrysler to continue operations while reorganizing.
In March 2009, Obama lifted a ban on using federal funds for stem cell research.
In March 2009, President Obama reversed a Bush-era policy that limited funding of embryonic stem cell research and pledged to develop "strict guidelines" on the research.
In March 2009, Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner, under President Obama, introduced the Public-Private Investment Program for Legacy Assets to manage the financial crisis.
In March 2009, Vice President Joe Biden and Secretary of State Hillary Clinton made separate overseas trips to announce a "new era" in U.S. foreign relations with Russia and Europe, using the terms "break" and "reset".
In May 2009, President Obama replaced General David D. McKiernan with Lt. Gen. Stanley A. McChrystal as the military commander in Afghanistan.
On May 26, 2009, Obama nominated Sonia Sotomayor to the Supreme Court to replace retiring Associate Justice David Souter.
On June 4, 2009, Obama delivered a speech at Cairo University in Egypt calling for "A New Beginning" in relations between the Islamic world and the United States.
In June 2009, dissatisfied with the pace of economic stimulus, Obama called on his cabinet to accelerate the investment. He also signed into law the Car Allowance Rebate System, known as "Cash for Clunkers", which temporarily boosted the economy.
On June 26, 2009, Obama condemned the Iranian government's actions towards protesters following Iran's 2009 presidential election.
On July 14, 2009, House Democratic leaders introduced a 1,017-page plan for overhauling the U.S. health care system, which Obama wanted Congress to approve by the end of 2009.
In July 2009, President Obama launched the Priority Enforcement Program and continued the Secure Communities program, which involved sharing fingerprint and immigration status data.
On August 6, 2009, Sonia Sotomayor was confirmed as a Supreme Court Justice, becoming the first Justice of Hispanic descent.
On October 1, 2009, the Obama administration went ahead with a Bush administration program, increasing nuclear weapons production.
On October 8, 2009, President Obama signed the Matthew Shepard and James Byrd Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act, expanding hate crime law to include crimes motivated by gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, or disability.
On October 30, 2009, President Obama lifted the ban on travel to the United States by individuals infected with HIV.
On November 7, 2009, a health care bill featuring the public option was passed in the House.
By the end of November 2009, the Bush and Obama administrations had spent $3 trillion of the $11.5 trillion authorized by the Federal Reserve and the Department of the Treasury.
On December 1, 2009, President Obama announced the deployment of an additional 30,000 military personnel to Afghanistan, with proposed troop withdrawals set to begin in 18 months.
On December 24, 2009, the Senate passed its own health care bill—without a public option—on a party-line vote of 60–39.
In 2009, President Obama signed into law the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2010, which included the Matthew Shepard and James Byrd Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act, expanding federal hate crime laws.
In March 2010, President Obama took a public stance against plans by the government of Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu to continue building Jewish housing projects in predominantly Arab neighborhoods of East Jerusalem.
In March 2010, an agreement was reached with the administration of Russian President Dmitry Medvedev to replace the 1991 Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty with a new pact.
In March 2010, the CBO estimated that the net effect of both the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act would be a reduction in the federal deficit by $143 billion over the first decade.
On March 21, 2010, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) was passed in the House by a vote of 219 to 212, after being passed by the Senate in December.
On March 23, 2010, Obama signed the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) into law.
On March 31, 2010, Obama ended a ban on oil and gas drilling along the majority of the East Coast of the United States and along the coast of northern Alaska.
In April 2010, Obama and Medvedev signed the New START treaty, a pact reducing the number of long-range nuclear weapons.
In April 2010, a survey of members of the National Association for Business Economics showed an increase in job creation, but 73 percent of respondents believed the stimulus bill had no impact on employment.
On April 20, 2010, an explosion destroyed an offshore drilling rig at the Macondo Prospect in the Gulf of Mexico, causing a major oil leak. Obama announced a federal investigation and formed a bipartisan commission to recommend new safety standards.
On May 10, 2010, Obama nominated Elena Kagan to the Supreme Court to replace retiring Associate Justice John Paul Stevens.
In June 2010, David Petraeus replaced McChrystal as commander in Afghanistan after McChrystal's staff criticized White House personnel.
Starting in July 2010, the CIA developed intelligence on what they believed to be the hideout of Osama bin Laden, living in seclusion in a large compound in Abbottabad, Pakistan.
On August 5, 2010, Elena Kagan was confirmed to the Supreme Court, bringing the number of women sitting simultaneously on the Court to three for the first time in American history.
On August 19, 2010, the last U.S. combat brigade exited Iraq, signaling a transition from combat operations to counter-terrorism and advisory roles for the remaining troops.
In December 2010, the U.S. Senate ratified the New START treaty, signed by President Obama and Russian President Dmitry Medvedev in April 2010.
On December 17, 2010, Obama signed the $858 billion Tax Relief, Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act of 2010, which included a temporary extension of income tax rates.
On December 22, 2010, President Obama signed the Don't Ask, Don't Tell Repeal Act of 2010, ending the policy that prevented gay and lesbian people from serving openly in the U.S. Armed Forces.
In 2010, Barack Obama donated 14 percent of his $1.7 million income to non-profit organizations, including $131,000 to the Fisher House Foundation.
In 2010, Obama signed the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act into effect, bringing significant changes to financial regulation.
In 2010, Obama signed the Don't Ask, Don't Tell Repeal Act, ending the ban on open service for LGBT people in the U.S. armed forces.
In 2010, provisions of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) began to take effect, marking a significant achievement in healthcare reform.
In 2010, the ACA subsidized insurance premiums for people making up to 400 percent of the FPL ($88,000 for family of four), limiting their out-of-pocket payments for annual premiums.
In 2010, the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and Divestment Act incorporated aspects of Obama's earlier Iran Sanctions Enabling Act.
In March 2011, CIA head Leon Panetta reported the intelligence regarding Osama bin Laden's hideout to President Obama.
On April 4, 2011, Barack Obama officially filed election papers and announced his reelection campaign for 2012 with a video titled "It Begins with Us".
On May 1, 2011, Osama bin Laden was killed during a "surgical raid" conducted by United States Navy SEALs in Abbottabad, Pakistan, authorized by President Obama.
In July 2011, troop withdrawals began in Afghanistan, following President Obama's December 2009 announcement of a deployment increase and subsequent withdrawal timeline.
On August 2, 2011, Obama signed the bipartisan Budget Control Act of 2011 after a lengthy congressional debate over raising the nation's debt limit. The legislation enforced limits on discretionary spending until 2021.
On October 21, 2011, President Obama announced that all U.S. troops would leave Iraq in time to be "home for the holidays,", completing the withdrawal of U.S. forces from the country.
In December 2011, President Obama instructed agencies to consider LGBT rights when issuing financial aid to foreign countries.
In 2011, Obama ordered a drone strike in Yemen which targeted and killed Anwar al-Awlaki, an American imam suspected of being a leading Al-Qaeda organizer, leading to significant controversy.
On April 3, 2012, Barack Obama secured the necessary convention delegates to win the Democratic nomination for president, running virtually unopposed.
On May 9, 2012, President Obama publicly announced his personal support for the legalization of same-sex marriage, becoming the first sitting U.S. president to do so.
On June 28, 2012, the Supreme Court ruled in National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius that the individual mandate in the ACA was constitutional under Congress's taxing authority.
On November 6, 2012, Barack Obama was reelected as President of the United States, winning 332 electoral votes and becoming the first Democratic president since Franklin D. Roosevelt to win a majority of the popular vote twice.
In 2012, Barack Obama defeated Republican opponent Mitt Romney in the presidential election, securing his second term as President of the United States.
On January 16, 2013, President Obama signed 23 executive orders and outlined sweeping proposals regarding gun control, including reintroducing a ban on assault weapons and implementing background checks on all gun sales.
On January 21, 2013, during his second inaugural address, President Obama called for full equality for gay Americans and mentioned gay rights, marking the first time a U.S. president in office did so during an inaugural address.
In February 2013, President Obama announced that the U.S. military would reduce troop levels in Afghanistan from 68,000 to 34,000 by February 2014.
In July 2013, Obama expressed reservations about the Keystone XL pipeline and stated he would reject it if it increased carbon pollution or greenhouse emissions.
In August 2013, President Obama criticized Russia's law that discriminates against gays.
In November 2013, the Obama administration opened negotiations with Iran to prevent it from acquiring nuclear weapons, which included an interim agreement.
On December 10, 2013, Cuban President Raúl Castro greeted and shook hands with President Obama at the Nelson Mandela memorial service in Johannesburg.
In December 2013, Obama declared growing income inequality a "defining challenge of our time" and called on Congress to bolster the safety net and raise wages. Obama also urged Congress to ratify the Trans-Pacific Partnership.
On January 22, 2014, President Obama established the White House Task Force to Protect Students from Sexual Assault to address issues of sexual assault on college and university campuses.
By February 2014, the U.S. military reduced the troop level in Afghanistan from 68,000 to 34,000, as announced by President Obama in February 2013.
In June 2014, following the capture of Mosul by ISIL, President Obama sent 275 troops to provide support and security for U.S. personnel and the U.S. Embassy in Baghdad.
In August 2014, during the Sinjar massacre, President Obama ordered a campaign of U.S. airstrikes against ISIL forces.
In December 2014, it was announced that President Obama, with Pope Francis as an intermediary, had negotiated a restoration of relations with Cuba after nearly sixty years of détente.
In 2014, most health-related provisions of the ACA took effect, including expanding Medicaid eligibility and subsidizing insurance premiums.
On February 24, 2015, Obama vetoed a bill that would have authorized the Keystone XL pipeline. This was the third veto of Obama's presidency.
In March 2015, Obama declared that he had authorized U.S. forces to provide logistical and intelligence support to the Saudis in their military intervention in Yemen, establishing a "Joint Planning Cell" with Saudi Arabia.
In June 2015, the Supreme Court ruled in King v. Burwell that subsidies to help individuals and families purchase health insurance were authorized for those doing so on both the federal exchange and state exchanges.
On July 1, 2015, President Obama announced that formal diplomatic relations between Cuba and the United States would resume, and embassies would be opened in Washington and Havana.
On July 14, 2015, a deal titled the "Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action" was announced. Sanctions were removed in exchange for measures that would prevent Iran from producing nuclear weapons.
On August 13, 2015, Cuba's interests sections in the US was upgraded to embassies.
In October 2015, the White House announced a plan to keep U.S. Forces in Afghanistan indefinitely, citing the deteriorating security situation as the primary reason.
In December 2015, Obama started a $348 billion worth program to back the biggest U.S. buildup of nuclear arms since Ronald Reagan left the White House.
On January 5, 2016, President Obama announced new executive actions to extend background check requirements to more gun sellers in an effort to reduce gun violence.
In March 2016, President Obama visited Havana, Cuba, becoming the first sitting U.S. president to arrive since Calvin Coolidge in 1928.
In September 2016, Obama was snubbed by Xi Jinping and the Chinese Communist Party as he descended from Air Force One to the tarmac of Hangzhou International Airport for the 2016 G20 Hangzhou summit without the usual red carpet welcome.
In December 2016, Obama permanently banned new offshore oil and gas drilling in most United States-owned waters in the Atlantic and Arctic Oceans.
On December 23, 2016, under the Obama Administration, the United States abstained from United Nations Security Council Resolution 2334, which condemned Israeli settlement building in the occupied Palestinian territories.
In 2016, the Obama administration ended the ban on transgender people serving openly in the U.S. armed forces.
In 2016, the Obama administration proposed a series of arms deals with Saudi Arabia worth $115 billion. Obama also halted the sale of guided munition technology to Saudi Arabia after Saudi warplanes targeted a funeral in Yemen's capital Sanaa.
In 2016, the Pentagon ended the policy that barred transgender people from serving openly in the military.
On January 5, 2017, the United States House of Representatives voted 342–80 to condemn the UN Resolution which the US abstained from.
On January 6, 2017, the Israeli government withdrew its annual dues from the organization, which totaled $6 million, following the U.S. abstention from UN Security Council Resolution 2334 on December 23, 2016.
On January 20, 2017, Obama's presidency ended with the inauguration of Donald Trump, and the Obama family moved to Kalorama, Washington, D.C.
In 2017, Barack Obama left office with high approval ratings.
On May 22, 2018, Barack and Michelle Obama signed a deal to produce content for Netflix through their company, Higher Ground Productions.
On April 14, 2020, Obama endorsed Joe Biden for president, stating that he has "all the qualities we need in a president right now."
In 2020, provisions of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) continue to be in effect, marking a significant achievement in healthcare reform.
In February 2021, Obama and Bruce Springsteen started a podcast called Renegades: Born in the USA.
In 2021, the spending limits enforced by the Budget Control Act of 2011 expired.
The $858 billion Tax Relief, Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act of 2010 was equivalent to $1.2 trillion in 2023.
In July 2024, Obama expressed concerns about Biden's campaign viability, endorsed Harris and delivered a speech at the 2024 Democratic National Convention formally endorsing her.